DE102011104516A1 - Frame for installing plate-like functional element e.g. photovoltaic module, on cover system i.e. roof system of building, has connection profile comprising recess to retain connecting web for lower transverse profile rail of other frame - Google Patents

Abstract

The frame (10-1) has an upper transverse profile rail (25) comprising an outer edge profile (203) arranged at base bodies (25-2, 220), which comprise a support surface (211) for supporting the profile rail on a lower transverse profile rail (28) of another frame (10-2). A connection profile (221) is arranged at the base body at a high plane (H1) in a side facing the outer edge profile. The connection profile has a recess (230) to retain a connecting web for the lower transverse profile rail. A recess aperture (231) points toward a surface (205) of the outer edge profile. An independent claim is also included for a cover system.

Description

Field of the invention

The invention generally relates to a frame for plate-shaped functional elements for installation in an in-roof system, an in-roof system formed from a plurality of such functional elements, and installation methods for producing such an in-roof system by means of such functional elements on a building roof.

In particular, the invention relates to measures for the prevention or interception of thermal stresses due to fluctuations in the ambient temperature or heat input by solar radiation in such an in-roof system.

Background of the invention

It is known to use for mounting plate-shaped functional elements on a building roof, for example, roof hooks. Under plate-shaped functional elements are here z. B. collector elements such as thermal generator elements, thermal solar panels, photovoltaic modules or the like understood. Plate-shaped in this context means that it is flat elements in the form of a plate, d. H. their depth and width dimensions are significantly greater than the height or thickness of the elements.

During assembly of the functional elements by means of the known roof hooks, they are usually guided by a roof covering (eg roof tiles or roof tiles) and fastened underneath to a roof substructure, for example the rafters of the roof. The functional elements can then be installed by means of a supporting structure or directly to the roof hook itself above the roof covering. To illustrate, for example, to the 1 of the DE 102 13 902 A1 directed. There, one end of a roof hook is guided by the roof covering formed from roof tiles and fastened to slats of the roof substructure; at the other end of the roof hook so a functional element can be installed with the interposition of the support structure or directly to the roof hook.

Current functional elements, such as photovoltaic modules are usually installed at least partially on building roofs. Often the entire roof area is used for such collector elements. The roof substructure must be able to bear the weight of the functional elements in addition to the load of the existing roofing. The installation of the functional elements by means of roof hooks is complex and time-consuming.

If a closed field is formed on the building roof with the installed functional elements, this can basically fulfill the task of roofing. In other words, the functional elements can themselves be installed as a roof covering on the roof substructure. This allows, for example, in the context of an upcoming renewal of the roofing of a building, if necessary, to rehabilitate the roof substructure and install the functional elements on it as a roof covering instead of the roof tiles. It must be ensured that the field of functional elements meets the requirements for roofing, in particular tightness.

Due to the fact that the individual framed functional elements form the roof covering as a composite, there is the danger that in the in-roof system due to fluctuations in the ambient temperature or heat input due to solar radiation, ie. H. Due to thermal expansion of the individual frames, build up mechanical stresses in the in-roof system. These can cause the attachment points of the in-roof system to be adversely affected by the roof substructure, or the mechanical stresses can be transmitted to the functional elements located in the individual frames, thereby damaging them. For example, photovoltaic modules consist of glass layers which could shatter or burst due to such stresses.

It is therefore a possible object of the present invention to propose one for the improved construction of a plate-shaped functional element, for example for photovoltaic modules, solar thermal collectors and the like, or measures on the generic in-roof system to prevent the occurrence of mechanical stresses due to thermal expansion effects.

Summary of the invention

This object is achieved with the features of the independent claims. Further embodiments are given in the dependent on these dependent claims.

The object is achieved with a frame for receiving a plate-shaped functional element and assembly with at least part of a frame back on a roof substructure according to claim 1.

Furthermore, the object with an in-roof system with a functional element field of at least two rows of individual plate-shaped functional elements, which are each received in an inventive frame and attached to a roof substructure of a building, according to the claim 12 dissolved.

The core idea of the invention lies as a first aspect in the particular embodiment of the transverse profile rails of the frame according to the invention for plate-shaped functional elements, which is a verschindleelte laying, d. H. Arrangement in an overlapping manner, according to the invention framed functional elements adjacent rows of such elements on a roof substructure of a building allows at least at the cross profile rail of a frame of two mutually geschindelter frames an expansion means or Dilatationskompensationsmittel, for example in the form of a buffer member is provided, which already at Establishing a connection between the two frames, in particular between the respective connecting means of the two frames establishes a predetermined distance. The predetermined distance is adjusted in particular in a connection plane lying parallel with respect to the frame plane between the first and the second frame.

The expansion agent or Dilatationskompensationsmittel thus serves on the one hand to the fact that the frame can be moved during the staggered installation almost automatically with a precisely predetermined game. Further, the material properties of the expansion agent or Dilatationskompensationsmittels themselves are chosen so that the expansion agent or Dilatationskompensationsmittel has a certain spring elasticity, d. H. is sufficiently elastic. As a result, the expansion means or dilation compensation means makes it possible for an installed frame to expand in the direction of an adjacent frame of an adjacent row in the event of fluctuations in the ambient temperature or heat input due to solar radiation in the frame plane due to a corresponding reaction of the expansion means or dilation compensation means, in particular in the connection plane , In other words, a protective function is integrated into the in-roof system simultaneously with the expansion agent or dilation compensation means and without any special manual additional effort, which advantageously prevents the thermal expansion effects mentioned in the frame from being able to build up mechanical stresses in the in-roof system.

The invention is therefore particularly well suited to the frame plate-shaped collector elements, such as photovoltaic modules or solar thermal collectors and the like, and provides in the result particularly easy to install functional elements available in which to fear at normal installation as an in-roof system no damage to the functional elements due to thermal expansion effects of the frame are.

Already the framing according to the invention for functional elements or an inventive in-roof system allows a simpler and faster installation compared to known systems due to the optimally matched in terms of assembly time components such as the frame for the functional elements and a correspondingly compatible designed base mounting rail. This advantage is provided by the frame integrated (i. H. Pre-installed buffer elements further increased. With the frame according to the invention in the case of functional elements, their installation or assembly is simplified considerably, since it allows an extremely fast and simple mounting method according to the invention.

The verschindelte installation inventively framed functional elements To produce an in-roof system requires no time-consuming Einmessarbeiten each row framed functional elements according to the invention, since only the first row and there only a Grundmontageschiene (bass rail) during installation on the roof substructure, in particular for a horizontal alignment as accurate as possible, be measured got to.

In this case, the framing according to the invention makes it possible for an available roof surface to be used almost completely for functional elements, such as, for example, photovoltaic elements. Since with the framed according to the invention functional elements also a closed and tight roofing can be made, allows the direct installation of functional elements as an in-roof system eliminating a conventional roof covering with z. B. roof tiles.

For a better understanding of the invention, the possible components of a frame proposed here are described in its basic form and / or according to advantageous developments with respect to a plane defined by a frame according to the invention frame level. The frame level essentially corresponds to the plane defined by a plate-shaped functional element. This reference plane serves here essentially as a 2-dimensional reference for describing an arrangement in 3-dimensional space. A frame front side coincides with the visible side of the functional element received in the frame, for example a photoactive surface of a photovoltaic element. Consequently, the frame rear side is the frame side which is connected to the rear side of the functional element coincides and is directed in the intended installation position in the direction of the roof substructure, ie partially rests on it.

The information "left", "right", "top" and "bottom" are defined here for a frame in installation position, for example on a roof. With reference to a fall line of a roof, "down" is the frame part lying lowest in relation to the roof and "up" corresponding to the highest frame part. Further, "left" and "right" with respect to a viewing direction to a framed by the frame according to the invention functional element in installation position on a roof from outside the building to understand accordingly and thus describe the left and right side of the frame.

A frame according to the invention essentially consists of four frame legs, namely one left side profile rail and one right side profile rail, and one lower transverse profile rail extending transversely to the side profile rails and an upper transverse profile rail. The four rails together span the frame plane.

At the upper transverse rail fastening means for fixing the frame in installation position on the roof substructure are provided and first connecting means, preferably by a corresponding profile design, integrated, d. H. provided solely by the contour of the profile of the rail (rail cross-section).

At the lower transverse rail, are also preferably integrated by a corresponding design of the profile, second connecting means, d. H. provided solely by the contour of the profile of the rail (rail cross-section).

According to the invention, the first connection means and the second connection means, i. H. the respective profile design, for producing a releasable positive connection between the lower transverse rail of a first frame of a first row with the upper transverse rail of a second frame of a second row adjacent to the first row, d. H. adapted to each other for this function. In this case, at least one buffer element is provided as an expansion means or dilation compensation means, which is arranged between the first and the second frame during production of the positive connection, in particular in a connection plane lying parallel with respect to the frame plane, that the buffer element as a kind of spacer, especially in the connection plane, sets a predetermined distance between the two frames.

Due to the proposed connection functionality of the upper or lower transverse rails of the frame, on the one hand, the above-mentioned shingled arrangement of functional elements framed by the frame is made possible. On the other hand, it is achieved by means of the simultaneous integration of the buffer element as expansion means or dilation compensation means that the frames are automatically locked with a predetermined clearance during installation, ie. H. in the connection plane at a predetermined distance from each other, to be laid. This predetermined distance can be particularly easily preset by the choice thickness of the buffer element.

By means of the choice of the material of which the buffer element is made, the buffer element can be adjusted sufficiently resiliently. Spring elastic means in this context that the material behaves in the work area according to the Hooke's law and thus has a corresponding spring constant. The material is also chosen to be sufficiently stiff that it is not substantially compressed during the production of the positive connection between two frames. Due to the set spring elasticity, the buffer element enables a frame of the in-roof system to expand freely in the connection plane when the ambient temperature or heat input from solar radiation in the frame plane increases, so that it does not abut another frame, and thus mechanical stresses occur in the in-roof system or can build up pressures; this could interfere with the attachment of the frames to a roof substructure and / or twist the frames out of the frame plane, which could damage the framed functional elements. Preferably, the thickness of the buffer element is chosen so that it can be compressed at least to a degree in the connection plane, as the frame expands at a maximum allowable temperature increase. The buffer element as expansion agent or Dilatationskompensationsmittel thus serves as a hidden in the in-roof system or concealed integrated expansion joint for the in-roof system due to the pre-installation, which prevents the thermal expansion effects in the frame can build up mechanical stresses in the in-roof system.

Also, due to the special design of the compound and the already integrated buffer element as a dilation or Dilatationskompensationsmittel during installation of the functional elements their attachment to the roof substructure particularly quickly done by making the positive connection quasi as a nesting or hooking the two connecting means of the invention frame takes place and thus requires no additional components and / or time-consuming measures.

For receiving a plate-shaped functional element may each be provided in the profile of the left side rail and the right side rail and the lower cross rail and the upper cross rail each extending in the longitudinal direction of the respective rail retaining groove having a substantially U-shaped cross-section. In the assembled frame, the respective retaining grooves form a retaining groove extending in the interior of the frame in a plane for receiving at least the outer edge of the functional element. In principle, it is also conceivable to provide a retaining spring or a holding web instead of the retaining groove on the profiles, in which case a correspondingly complementary retaining groove would then have to be provided at the edges of the functional elements to be framed. At least in the case of the left-hand side profile rail, the right-hand side profile rail and the upper transverse profile rail, a gutter is integrated in each case in a retaining groove flank of the respective retaining groove, which can preferably be brought into contact with a rear side of a functional element.

To connect the individual frame legs formed by the profile rails, a fastening channel extending in the longitudinal direction of the respective profile rail, preferably adjacent to the retaining groove, in the left side profile rail and the right side profile rail as well as in the lower transverse profile rail and the upper transverse profile rail with a channel opening by a corresponding design of the provided respective rail profiles. The channel opening also extends along the respective profile rail and is preferably on the frame back.

The fastening channel essentially serves for receiving respective first connecting elements, for example connecting angles for fixed connection of the frame legs to upper or lower frame corners, or alternatively for receiving bearing blocks for anchoring respective second connecting elements, for example outside, preferably at the frame rear side, lying connecting angle. Thus, the connecting corners between the upper transverse rail or lower transverse rail and the left side rail or right side rail can be firmly connected.

In a specific embodiment of the frame, at least the upper transverse profiled rail and the two lateral profiled rails at the respective upper connecting corners, at least in a miter profile region which contains at least the retaining groove and the fastening channel, are mitered and / or machined such that the respective miter profile regions are preferred as true miter, d. H. congruent to each other, fit.

Advantageously, the shape and position of the gutter in the respective rail can be designed so that water at the connection corners by exactly matching miter profile areas in installation position of the frame water from the gutter in the upper cross rail left and right over the respective gutters of the side rails due to gravity in the direction of the fall line of the roof can flow better.

In a particular embodiment, at least the gutter in the upper transverse rail on a rear side edge and a front side edge. The rear side flank is in the retaining groove further back, d. H. closer to a retaining groove bottom of the U-shaped cross section of the retaining groove of the upper transverse rail, in other words deeper in the retaining groove. At least this rear side edge is provided in the profile of the transverse rail that the rear side edge in the installed position of the frame substantially vertically, d. H. in the direction of gravity, runs. As a result of this design of the gutter, water that has passed between the edge of a functional element and the retaining groove flows more easily into the gutter due to gravity and is diverted to the left or right to the gutters in the side profile rails. Preferably, the profile of the respective gutter in the side profile rails is the same, d. H. in the form and position in the respective profile, to which in the upper cross-section rail designed.

Of course, the respective lower connecting corners between the lower transverse rail and the two side rails can also be made by means of such adapted miter profile areas. An embodiment of the frame with four corners, which are formed by means of four frame legs, each with genuine miter end faces, surrounds the edge of a functional element similar to a picture frame.

In an advantageous development, only the upper connecting corners between the upper transverse rail and the two side rails with a respective true miter (ie the miter end faces are joined at an angle of 45 ° to the longitudinal direction of the respective rail). The lower connecting corners are instead formed with rail ends having a transversely, ie lying at an angle of 90 ° to the profile longitudinal direction end face. In this case, the lower transverse rail preferably has a length, so that the lower transverse rail substantially exactly between the left and the right Inserted side rail, for example, can be plugged with the retaining on the edge of the functional element.

Thus, when assembling a frame, first, the upper cross rail with the left and right side rails can be joined to the upper connection corners with the above-described miter profile and fixedly connected by means of connecting angles inserted in the respective mounting channels, which can be tightened in the fastening channel, for example by grub screws. Thereafter, a plate-shaped functional element can be inserted with its peripheral edge from below into the retaining groove of the frame. Finally, the lower transverse rail with its retaining groove aufzustecken on the edge of the functional element, and so guided between the left and right side rail to push to complete the frame for the functional element so.

Due to the lack of mitering, no connection angles can be inserted into the fastening channel at the lower connection corners.

Therefore, it is proposed here, to establish a fixed connection between the frame legs at the lower connecting corners, the connection angle outside the mounting channel on the frame back. To fix the lower connection angle then, before attaching the lower cross rail to the frame, first connecting angle legs are held by held in corresponding threaded holes in the connecting angle leg screws held nuts in the mounting channel of the lower cross rail. The respective second connecting angle legs, which are each aligned parallel to the respective fastening channel of the side profile rails, can then also by means of screwed in corresponding threaded holes in the connecting angle leg screws held sliding blocks in the respective mounting channel of the left and right side rail, when attaching the lower cross rail between the left and right side profile rail, anchored.

At least in the left side profile rail and / or the right side profile rail can further be provided a ventilation and / or drainage channel, which runs substantially centrally in the respective side profile rail. In an advantageous manner, a part in each of an upper end section, that is to say each side profile rail, can be used. H. be cut and / or removed by cutting adjacent to the upper transverse rail in such a way that the ventilation and / or drainage channel is open in the respective end section to the upper transverse rail.

This makes it possible, for example, for condensation water, which has formed in the region of the upper transverse profiled rail, to enter the ventilation and / or drainage channel from there and then, in the installed position, to move downwards in the direction of the fall line through the ventilation and / or drainage channel due to gravity can drain away. In the opposite direction, the ventilation and / or drainage channel is used for ventilation of the region lying between a roof substructure and the back of the framed functional elements in the installed position on a roof.

In an advantageous development, in each case one drainage channel is integrated in a respective front side of the respective side profile rails, at least in the region above the ventilation and / or drainage channel extending inside the rail. Rainwater and coming from the ventilation and / or drainage channel water is thus discharged via the gutter in the direction of the fall line.

With regard to the first and second connecting means for producing the positive and releasable, in particular in mounting position self-locking, connection between a lower cross rail and an upper cross rail, a possible embodiments will be explained as an example below.

The first connection means on the upper transverse profile rail can be designed as a first connection hook and the second connection means on the lower transverse profile rail as a second connection hook.

The first connecting hook or the second connecting hook can, for example, each by a parallel to and in the longitudinal direction of the upper cross profile or the lower transverse rail extending first and second hook web, a first and second hook reason and one each the respective first hook reason or second Hook base opposite first hook opening and second hook opening, which are aligned opposite to each other, be formed. The hook webs are preferably in mutually parallel planes and particularly preferably parallel to the frame plane. The respective hook base can even project web-like from the remaining part of the rail but also lie in the rail. In any case, the respective hook web is preferably substantially perpendicular to a hook ground plane lying in the hook base. The first hook opening or second hook opening are located preferably in plane parallel to the frame plane offset parallel planes.

The connection hooks are designed to fit each other so d. H. matched to one another that the second connecting hook can be hooked, latched and / or inserted in the first connecting hook for producing the desired positive connection, or vice versa. The connection is then by hanging, notching and / or pulling apart, d. H. by means of a correspondingly reversed handling solvable, but in another direction, for example, perpendicular to the frame plane and especially in the direction of the fall line of a roof in the installation position insoluble, d. H. self-locking in these directions of movement.

With regard to the arrangement of the buffer element proposed here, three embodiments are explained here merely as illustrative examples: The at least one buffer element can be provided in the form of a single first buffer element, which is arranged in the first hook base. Alternatively, the at least one buffer element can also be provided in the form of a second buffer element, which is arranged in the second hook base. Finally, both the first and the second buffer element can be provided simultaneously, ie two buffer elements.

When interconnected in installation position frame is at least one end face of a hook web of a connection hook in contact with the one buffer element of one of the two buffer elements, which is arranged in the other connection hook or on the hook bottom of the other connection hook. Ie. the respective buffer element lies in the connecting plane exactly between the two connected frames and establishes a predetermined distance, which serves as a space which allows thermal expansion of the frame when heated.

A buffer element may consist of a resilient, preferably weather-resistant, material, for example of ethylene-propylene-diene rubber (EPDM) or of silicone rubber, or the like. Also, a buffer element made of a spring steel, for example in the form of a corrugated leaf spring, is conceivable.

The buffer element may be attached as a strip on the first and / or second connection hook, preferably - as explained above - in the first or second hook base, in the longitudinal direction of the respective rail, for example glued or possibly also injection-molded. The buffer element may extend over the entire profile rail length or be formed by a plurality of spaced-apart glued strips or sprayed swabs or sections. Especially in in-roof systems with several connected rows of framed functional elements, the buffer element ensures sufficient clearance for the thermal expansion of the device due to variations in ambient temperature.

At the front side forming the frame front side of the upper transverse rail and / or on the rear side of the lower cross profile rail forming the frame back, a respective sealing groove extending in the longitudinal direction of the respective transverse rail can be provided, in which at least one seal, preferably with at least one sealing lip or sealing lamella, is fastened , This at least one seal is arranged such that when a lower cross-profile rail of a second frame in a second row and an upper cross-profile rail of a first frame in a first row adjacent to the second row are connected by means of the positive connection between the lower cross-profile rail and the upper cross-profile rail in that at least one seal lies exactly between these transverse profiled rails arranged one above the other and thus can seal the gap between the transverse profiled rails. D. h., The at least one seal is arranged at a manufactured positive connection with respect to the perpendicular to the frame plane between the first and the second frame. The second row is arranged with respect to the fall line of the roof over the first row.

With regard to the fastening means integrated in the upper transverse profiled rail, it should be noted that they can have a crustal plate running parallel to the frame plane along the upper transverse profile on a frame outer side pointing upward in the installed position, whose ends terminate at an upper end section of one of the side profiled rails in each case Cantilever are preferably provided as fastening means through holes for fixing screws for fixing the frame in the installed position on the roof substructure.

Another aspect relates to the possibility of framed functional elements of a series transverse to the fall line of a roof to each other. For this purpose, at least one first guide groove or a second guide groove can be provided on the left side profile rail or right side profile rail on the respective outside frame, which are preferably opposite to each other and aligned perpendicular to the frame plane.

The first guide groove and the second guide groove are preferably designed to be complementary to one another in such a way that they are detachable form-fit connection between a left side rail of a first frame in a row with a right side rail of a second frame in the same row can be produced. Particularly preferred is a displacement of the adjacent and connected frame in the longitudinal direction of the side profile rails, ie in the installed position along or against the fall line of the roof, possible. Such a displacement is then advantageously carried out by means of the first and second guide groove, which particularly supports the handling of the framed functional elements when mounted on a roof for producing the positive connection between the first and second connecting means of adjacent frames of two adjacent rows.

All profile rails for a framing of a functional element according to the invention, since the above-described functionalities are implemented essentially by a special design of the profile of the rails, advantageously be made of an extruded light metal profile, in particular aluminum or an aluminum alloy. Such extruded profile rail can be particularly easy to manufacture by cutting to length and, if necessary, machining the ends, which is production-optimal, edited.

In the respective profile rails, at least one or further hollow chamber (s) running in the profile direction can preferably be provided, which leads to material savings in the production and lighter frame rails.

The surface of the individual frame elements can be used for finishing or protection against corrosive environmental influences with a protective layer, for. B. paint layer, be provided. Aluminum profile rails can also be anodized for this purpose.

Functional elements included in a frame proposed here, d. H. are framed, are particularly suitable for the production of a roof covering by means of the functional elements in an in-roof system.

Such an in-roof system then has a functional element field comprising at least one first and at least one second row adjacent to the first row, each consisting of a plurality of framed functional elements, which are each attached to a roof substructure of a building. Adjacent functional elements are positively connected by means of a respective left side rail and a respective right side rail. In this case, the at least one second and each further row is arranged with respect to the fall line of the roof over the first row.

The frames of the first or a row are positively connected to the immediately adjacent frames of the second or a further row by means of the respective first connecting means and second connecting means. The at least one buffer element can be arranged in the positive connection (and therefore hidden) in the plane parallel to the frame plane connecting plane between the first and the second frame so that during installation set a predetermined distance between the two frames in the frame plane becomes.

The buffer element thus makes it possible, as an integrated, in particular hidden, expansion joint, that no mechanical stresses can build up in the in-roof system between the functional element rows due to thermal expansion effects, since a frame can thus always thermally expand into the buffer element by a corresponding compression of the buffer element.

As for the attachment of such a first set of framed functional elements logically no frame for securing the lower cross rail are available, it is proposed for the in-roof system to attach a transverse to the fall line of the roof base rail to the roof substructure with a rail back.

The base rail also has the first connection means (such as an upper transverse profile rail of a frame) on a base rail front side. Thus, the respective lower transverse rails of the respective frame of the functional elements of the first row can be positively and releasably connected by means of the respective second connecting means with the first connecting means in or on the base rail.

The respective upper transverse profiles of the frames can always be fastened with their respective fastening means to the roof substructure.

To better understand the advantages of the frame according to the invention for plate-shaped functional elements, they explain the production of the above-described in-roof system on a roof substructure in the form of a functional element field with at least a first row and a second series of functional elements. The installation can proceed as follows:
First, a base profile rail transversely to the fall line of the roof, ie in particular horizontally, with a rail back installed on the roof substructure, in which also the first connecting means and also optionally already a buffer element are integrated. Then, a first functional element is laid by producing a positive connection between the first connecting means of the base profile rail and the second connecting means of the lower transverse rail of the frame of the first functional element. Thereafter, the first functional element is fastened by means of the fastening means of the upper transverse rail to the roof substructure.

Each further functional element in the first row is then installed with the following steps: First, a positive connection between the frame of another functional element and the frame of each of the last functional element of the first row by means of a side profile rail of the frame of the last functional element and a side profile rail of the frame made another functional element.

Thereafter, in particular under guidance by means of this connection, a positive connection between the first connection means of the base profile rail and the second connection means of the lower transverse rail of the frame of the further functional element is produced.

Finally, the further functional element is fastened to the roof substructure by means of the fastening means in the upper transverse profiled rail.

The second row and each further row of plate-shaped functional elements, each with a frame according to the invention, can take place with the following steps: First, a first functional element of the second or further row is produced by establishing a form-locking connection between the first connecting means of an upper transverse profile rail of the first and a preceding one Row and the second connection means of the lower cross-sectional rail of the frame of the first functional element of the second or further series produced. At the same time, in particular, the expansion means or dilation compensation means explained in greater detail are also installed in the positive connection, so that later a frame of the second row can not build up any mechanical pressure and thus stresses in the in-roof system during thermal expansion processes.

Thereafter, the assembly of additional functional elements in the second and each further row respectively takes place - as in the first row - with the following steps: producing a positive connection between a frame of an additional functional element and the frame of the respective last functional element in the second or further row by means of a side profile rail of the frame of the last functional element and a side profile rail of the frame of the additional functional element, producing a positive connection between the first connecting means of an upper transverse rail of a frame of a functional element in the previous row and the second connecting means of the lower transverse rail of the frame of the additional functional element, and Attaching the additional functional element by means of the fastening means of the upper transverse rail on the roof substructure.

As a functional element are special such as photovoltaic modules, solar thermal collector modules, such as thermal generator elements, thermal solar panels, or the like.

Brief description of the drawing figures

Further advantageous embodiments of the invention, as well as embodiments thereof, are explained in more detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing figures. Functionally similar components or components are partially provided with the same reference numerals. The terms "left", "right", "top", "bottom" used within the description of the embodiment refer to the drawing figures in an orientation with normally readable figure designation and reference numerals. Hereby shows:

1 a schematic exploded view of an embodiment of a frame according to the invention for a plate-shaped functional element;

2 to 5 Connecting corners of an assembled embodiment of the frame according to the invention 1 each in an enlarged and perspective partial view;

6 u. 7 a perspective view of the right and left side rail of the framed functional element of 1 ;

8th a perspective view of a positive connection between two adjacent in a row framed functional elements by means of the respective integrated in the right and left side rail guide means;

9 u. 10 a perspective view of an upper and lower cross rail;

11 a perspective view of an embodiment of the positive connection between the upper cross rail of a first frame and the lower cross rail of a second frame of respective functional elements of adjacent rows;

12 a lateral cross-sectional view of the embodiment of the positive connection in the 11 in which a first variant with a buffer element is illustrated;

13 a lateral cross-sectional view of the embodiment of the positive connection in the 11 in which a second variant with a buffer element is illustrated;

14 a lateral cross-sectional view of the embodiment of the positive connection in the 11 in which a third variant with two buffer elements is illustrated;

15 a lateral cross-sectional view of a base rail for installing an in-roof system with inventively framed functional elements; and

16 a lateral cross-sectional view of an in-roof system with a base rail of 15 and a first and a second row of functional elements framed according to the invention on a roof substructure.

Detailed description of the embodiments

1 shows a schematic exploded view of an embodiment of a frame according to the invention 10 for a plate-shaped functional element 13 ,

The frame 10 is for receiving the plate-shaped functional element 13 and for mounting the functional element with at least a part of a frame back on a roof substructure 16 (see. 16 . 16 ) intended. For this purpose, there is the frame 10 each from a left side profile rail 19 and a right side profile rail 22 and one each of these side rails 19 . 22 transverse lower transverse rail 25 and upper cross rail 28 , The four profile rails of the frame clamp together as a frame legs a frame level 31 on.

In the upper cross profile rail 28 are fasteners 34 in the form of through-holes or holes, for example for screws, for fastening the frame 10 in the installation position on a roof substructure (cf. 16 in the 16 ) and first connection means 37 integrated. In the lower cross profile rail 25 are second connecting means 40 integrated. The first connecting means 37 and the second connection means 40 serve to produce the releasable positive connection between the lower cross rail 25 a first frame with the upper cross profile rail 28 a second frame. Below is related to the 11 an embodiment of this connection to illustrate the principle explained in detail.

The 2 to 5 each show one of the connecting corners 61-1 . 61-2 . 61-3 . 61-4 of the frame 10 of the 1 in an enlarged and perspective partial view in the assembled state, ie the respective frame legs are fully assembled, ie connected to each other as intended.

2 shows a partial perspective view of the upper right connection corner 61-1 of the frame 10 between the upper cross-section rail 28 and the left side rail 22 of the framed functional element 13 of the 1 , 3 shows a partial perspective view of the upper left connection corner 61-2 between the upper cross-section rail 28 and the right side profile rail 19 of the framed functional element 13 of the 1 , At the upper connecting corners 61-1 . 61-2 are the upper cross profile rail 28 and the two side rails 19 . 22 each by means of a genuine miter 62-1 , respectively. 62-2 adapted to each other and put together. Here are the respective miter end faces, that of a Miter profile range 64 (see. 9 ) are formed at an angle of 45 ° to the longitudinal direction of the respective side rail 19 . 22 or upper transverse rail 28 , That is, the upper connecting corners 61-1 and 61-2 each have a real miter.

4 shows a partial perspective view of the lower left connection corner 61-3 between the lower cross rail 25 and the left side rail 19 of the framed functional element 13 of the 1 , 5 shows a partial perspective view of the lower right connection corner 61-4 between the lower cross rail 25 and the right side profile rail 22 of the framed functional element 13 of the 1 , The lower connection corners 61-3 . 61-4 are with a rail end 20 the left side profile rail 19 or a rail end 23 the right side profile rail 22 as well as the two ends 26 . 27 the lower cross rail 25 formed, in contrast to the upper connecting corners 61-1 and 61-2 each have a transversely, ie at an angle of 90 °, to the respective profile longitudinal direction lying end face. Therefore, the lower cross rail 25 exactly in a length running the distance between the left and right side rail 19 . 22 corresponds so that it can be inserted in between. The length of the lower cross rail 25 can also be so shorter be selected that a thermal expansion of the rail in the direction of the side rails is possible. In this connection, in particular, the connecting elements 59 at the lower connecting corners 61-3 . 61-4 in the fastening grooves 49 be advantageously slidably mounted to a horizontal mobility of the lower cross rail 25 permit. That is, no expansion or contraction due to temperature change can not cause pressure or tension over the connector 59 on the side rails 19 respectively. 22 be transmitted. This embodiment of the lower connecting corners has, inter alia, an advantage in the production, since so no miter must be incorporated at the respective ends of the rails. This reduces the production time required and waste in the semifinished profile rails.

The 6 and 7 each show the right side rail 22 or the left side profile rail 19 of the frame 10 of the 1 released or alone in a perspective view. The 9 and 10 each show the upper cross rail 28 or the lower cross profile rail 25 of the framework of 1 released or alone in a perspective view. In each case, the profile design of the individual profile rails required for the individual functionalities, ie the contour of the respective profile, can be recognized in each case. As a dummy for the edge of a functional element to be framed is in each case in the 6 and 7 a block 13 * shown.

Good is the each in the left side rail 19 , the right side profile rail 22 , the lower cross rail 25 and the upper cross rail 28 integrated holding groove 43 for the edge of a functional element 13 (see. 1 ) to recognize. The holding groove 43 extends in the profile rails in each case in the longitudinal direction and has a substantially U-shaped cross-section for receiving at least the outer edge 46 the plate-shaped functional element 13 here in the 6 and 7 each by means of the block 13 * indicated as a dummy.

Next is in the left side profile rail 19 , the right side profile rail 22 , the lower cross rail 25 and the upper cross rail 28 in each case one in the longitudinal direction of the respective rail adjacent to the retaining groove 43 extending fastening channel 49 intended. The fastening channel 49 has a channel opening 52 , which preferably on the back of the individual rails and thus on the back of the frame 55 located. The fastening channel 49 serves for receiving and anchoring of respective first connecting elements 58 (see. 1 ) or bearing blocks (not shown) for anchoring respective ones on the frame back 55 fastened, second fasteners 59 (see. 1 ). The first and second connecting elements 58 . 59 serve each for firm holding together in the 2 to 5 Perspective illustrated connecting corners 61-1 . 61-2 . 61-3 . 61-4 between the upper cross-section rail 28 or lower transverse rail 25 and in each case the left side profile rail 19 and right side profile rail 22 ,

In the 6 to 14 it can be seen that in the left side rail 19 , the right side profile rail 22 and the upper cross rail 28 each in a flank of the retaining groove 43 (Haltenutflanke 44 ), at which the back of an inserted, ie framed, functional element (see. 13 * in 6 respectively. 7 ), a gully 45 respectively. 45-22 respectively. 45-19 is provided, which also by a corresponding profile design in the respective rail 19 . 22 respectively. 28 is integrated.

The gully 45 in the upper cross profile rail 28 has at least one rear side flank 47 and a front side flank 48 (see especially 12 to 14 ). In the illustrated embodiments, the rear side edge 47 and the front side flank 48 over a gutter bottom 50 connected. But it is also conceivable that the rear side flank 47 in the front side flank 48 passes, for example, when the gully 45 V-shaped, the channel bottom is then formed by the converging side edges.

The rear side flank 47 is closer to a Haltnutgrund 42 the U-shaped cross section of the retaining groove 43 the upper cross rail 28 ie lower in the retaining groove 43 , Here is the rear side edge 47 bevelled so that it is in the installation position of the frame substantially vertically, that is substantially perpendicular to the ground or in the direction of gravity, runs. This has the advantage that water that has penetrated into the space bounded by the edge of a functional element and the inner surfaces of the retaining groove, the gravity following is better dissipated in the gutter.

Preference is given to the profile and the position of the respective gutter 45-19 . 45-22 in the two side profile rails 19 . 22 and the profile of the gully 45 in the upper cross profile rail 28 (congruent) equal executed. Thus, the gullies in the side profiles optimally complement the gullies of the upper cross rail by removing water from the gullies 45 without obstacles over the gullies 45-19 and 45-22 in the side profile rails 19 and 22 in the direction of the fall line of the roof can flow down. As in 2 and 3 can be seen, at least the upper transverse rail 28 and the two side rails 19 . 22 at the respective upper connecting corners 61-1 . 61-2 at least in a miter profile area 64 (cf 9 ), which at least the retaining groove 43 , the fastening channel 49 and the respective gully 45 . 45-19 respectively. 45-22 contains, a true miter 62-1 respectively. 62-2 have, ie cut out mitred and / or machined so that the respective miter profile areas 64 exactly match each other. This results in a smooth or edge-free transition in the retaining groove 43 , the fastening channel 49 and especially from the gully 45 to the gully 45-19 respectively. 45-22 in the respective connection corner 61-1 . 61-2 ,

In the 6 and 7 it can be seen further that in the left side rail 19 and the right side profile rail 22 one ventilation and / or drainage channel each 67 respectively. 70 is provided, which is substantially centrally in the respective side rail 19 respectively. 22 lies or runs. The respective drainage channels are integrated by a corresponding profile design in the respective rail.

In the 2 and 3 (as well as on the basis of 9 ) can be further seen that the side profile rail 19 . 22 one part each in an upper end section 73 . 76 , ie adjacent to the upper transverse rail 28 , cut out and / or removed by cutting. This is the ventilation and / or drainage channel 67 respectively. 70 in the respective end section 73 respectively. 76 to the upper cross-section rail 28 opened. This allows on the one hand, that condensate that collects in the area of the upper cross profile rail, from there into the ventilation and / or drainage channel 67 respectively. 70 can go to then in installation position of the frame on a roof due to gravity in the direction of the fall line of the roof through the ventilation and / or drainage channel 67 respectively. 70 drain down. In the reverse direction allows the ventilation and / or drainage channel 67 respectively. 70 a ventilation of lying between a roof substructure and the back of the framed functional elements in installation position on a roof area.

In the 2 to 8th is further shown that in the respective front 79 respectively. 82 the respective side profile rail 19 respectively. 22 above the ventilation and / or drainage channel 67 respectively. 70 one integrated gutter each 85 respectively. 88 located for the purposes mentioned above, in particular from the ventilation and / or drainage channel 67 respectively. 70 escaping water directly onto the integrated gutter 85 respectively. 88 a with respect to the fall line of the roof underneath frame and can be derived via this gutter in the direction of the fall line.

Based on 11 to 12 Now, an embodiment of the positive connection between the first connecting means 37 at the upper cross profile rail 28 and the second connection means 40 at the lower cross rail 25 explained. Here are the first connection means 37 as a first connection hook 91 and the second connection means 40 as a second connection hook 94 integrated by an appropriate profile design in the respective cross rail.

The first connection hook 91 or the second connection hook 94 consists essentially of a parallel to and in the longitudinal direction of the upper transverse rail 28 or the lower cross rail 25 extending first hook bar 95 or second hook web 96 , a first hook reason 92 or second hook reason 93 and one each the respective first hook reason 92 or second hook reason 93 opposite first hook opening 97 or second hook opening 100 , The first hook bar 95 and the second hook bar 96 lie respectively in mutually parallel planes and extend in their longitudinal direction parallel to each other.

The first hook opening 97 and the second hook opening 100 are aligned opposite to each other. In other words, the first connection hook 91 and the second connection hook 94 on a frame in opposite directions open or the first hook opening 97 and second hook opening 100 point away from each other. The first connection hook is preferably located 91 and the second connection hook 94 on a frame in relation to the frame plane 31 (see. 1 ) in staggered parallel planes.

At the first connection hook 91 at the upper cross profile rail 28 is a buffer element 99a provided in the first hook reason 92 of the first connection hook 91 attached, for example, glued, is. The buffer element 99a is arranged so that it is at two interconnected frame, with the end face 104 of the second hook bar 96 on a lower cross profile rails 25 of the second connection hook 94 in contact.

The 12 to 14 illustrate each with reference to a lateral sectional views looking in the longitudinal direction of an upper cross-section rail 28-1 and a lower cross rail 25-2 , which in each case according to the invention are positively connected to each other, three alternative embodiments of the expansion means or Dilatationskompensationsmittel, namely in each case by means of a buffer member 99a in 12 respectively. 99b in 13 as well as by means of two buffer elements 99c1 and 99c2 in 14 , The basic structure and function of the interlocking connection between the cross profile rails were already together with 11 Therefore, here in connection with the 12 to 14 just various embodiments of the invention Dilatationskompensationsmittel or expansion means explained.

12 shows the implementation of a dilation compensation means with a (first) buffer element 99a as already in 11 shown. The buffer element 99a is at a first connection hook 91 on an upper cross-section rail 28-1 a first frame 10-1 arranged. It is in a first hook reason 92 of the first connection hook 91 , For example, by gluing or clamping, attached.

In 12 is further to realize that the buffer element 99a is arranged so that when produced positive connection with a lower cross-profile rails 25-2 a second frame 10-2 with the face 104 of the second hook bar 96 of the second connection hook 94 in contact. The buffer element 99a owns in the frame level 31 (see. 1 ) has a thickness x1, for which has proven to be 2.5 to 5.5 mm, preferably 3 to 5 mm, more preferably 4 mm. The depth of the first connection hook 91 and the second connection hook 94 are here by the respective length of the first hook web 95 and the second hook web 96 adjusted so that between the front face 105 of the first connection hook 91 and the second hook reason 93 of the second connection hook 94 a free distance d1 remains, which is preferably set slightly larger than the thickness x1 of the first buffer element by the profile design 99a ; This ensures that the function of the buffer element 99a not by a contact of the two frames 10-1 . 10-2 is affected at this point.

13 shows the implementation of a dilation compensation means with a (second) buffer element 99b which is connected to a second connection hook 94 at a lower cross rail 25-2 a second frame 10-2 is arranged. It is in a second hook reason 93 of the second connection hook 94 , For example, by gluing or clamping, attached.

In 13 it can be seen that the buffer element 99b is arranged so that when produced positive connection with an upper cross-profile rails 28-1 a first frame 10-1 with the face 105 a first hook web 95 of the first connection hook 91 in contact. The buffer element 99b owns in the frame level 31 (see. 1 ) a thickness x2, for which, as for the execution of the first buffer element 99a of the 12 , a size of 2.5 to 5.5 mm, preferably 3 to 5 mm, more preferably 4 mm has proven. The depth of the first connection hook 91 and the second connection hook 94 are here by the respective length of the first hook web 95 and the second hook web 96 adjusted so that between the front face 104 of the second connection hook 94 and the first hook reason 92 of the first connection hook 91 a free distance d2 remains, which is preferably set slightly larger than the thickness x2 of the second buffer element by the profile design 99b ; This ensures that the function of the buffer element 99b not by a contact of the two frames 10-1 . 10-2 is affected at this point.

14 shows the implementation of a dilation compensation means with a first buffer element 99c1 as already in 11 or 12 shown, and a second buffer element 99c2 as already in 13 shown. The respective first and second buffer element 99cl respectively. 99c2 is at a first connection hook 91 on an upper cross-section rail 28-1 a first frame 10-1 or at a second connection hook 94 at a lower cross rail 25-2 a second frame 10-2 arranged. This is the first or second buffer element 99c1 respectively. 99c2 each in a first hook reason 92 of the first connection hook 91 or in a second hook reason 93 of the second connection hook 94 , For example, by gluing or clamping, attached.

In the presentation of the 14 is the first buffer element 99c1 dimensioned so that it produced at a positive connection with a lower cross-profile rails 25-2 a second frame 10-2 with the face 104 of the second hook bar 96 of the second connection hook 94 in contact. The first buffer element 99c1 owns to it in the frame level 31 (see. 1 ) has a thickness x3, for which 2 to 5 mm, preferably 2.5 to 3.5 mm, more preferably 3 mm has proven. The depth of the first connection hook 91 and the second connection hook 94 are again through the respective length of the first hook web 95 and the second hook web 96 adjusted so that between the front face 105 of the first connection hook 91 and the second hook reason 93 of the second connection hook 94 a gap remains, which is preferably set slightly larger than the thickness x1 of the first buffer element by the profile design 99a ; This ensures that the function of the buffer element 99a not by a contact of the two frames 10-1 . 10-2 is affected at this point.

In the space between the end face 105 of the first connection hook 91 and the second hook reason 93 of the second connection hook 94 is the second buffer element 99c2 arranged, which is dimensioned so that it does not completely fill this gap. This will ensure that when you make the positive connection the distance between the two frames 10-1 and 10-2 through the first buffer element 99cl is determined. The buffer element 99c2 owns in the frame level 31 (see. 1 ) has a thickness x4, for which a size of 1 to 3 mm, preferably 1.5 to 2.5 mm, more preferably 2 mm has proven.

The buffer element (s) 99a respectively. 99b or 99c1 and 99c2 each consists of a resilient material, such as ethylene-propylene-diene rubber (EPDM) or a silicone rubber. It can be in the form of a continuous strip in the respective hook ground 92 respectively. 93 one of the connection hooks 91 respectively. 94 in the longitudinal direction of the associated transverse profile rail 28 respectively. 25 continuous, ie in one piece, run or even by a plurality of spaced-apart glued strips or sprayed swabs, such as a silicone rubber, be formed.

A buffer element according to the invention is used in an in-roof system with several connected rows (cf. 16 ) from framed according to the invention functional elements sufficient clearance, ie distance between adjacent rows, already at installation safe, so that stresses in the frame and thus damage to the framed functional elements due to thermal expansion of the arrangement due to variations in ambient temperature, for example, in the summer by extreme solar radiation , recorded and buffered.

Next is in 11 as well as the 12 to 14 to recognize that on the frame front side forming the front of the upper cross-section rail 28 one in the longitudinal direction of the rail 28 extending sealing groove 109 is provided in the sealing groove 109 is a seal 112 with a sealing lip 113 arranged and fixed there by clamping and / or gluing. It can be seen that the seal 112 a gap between the two superimposed rails 25 . 28 forms and seals. Thereby, that the seal between the lower cross profile rails 25 in installation position above the upper cross rail 28 lie an adjacent frame, is arranged and so no direct contact between the cross profile rails, the seal serves as a damping and entprellendes bearing element between the two superposed frame at the same time.

Of particular note is that the seal 112 , especially the sealing lip 113 , is dimensioned so that when made connection between two frames 10-1 . 10-2 the facing hook surfaces of the two hook webs 95 . 96 abut each other. This ensures that the positive connection is biased in the direction of the roof normal (in installation position) and thus there is no loose game of connection that, for example, due to buoyancy by sweeping over the roof wind could lead to rattling of the frame.

In the 6 to 8th is further the special design of the left and right side profile rail 19 . 22 for connection in a series of adjacent, framed according to the invention functional elements illustrated. At the left side profile rail 19 is at the left frame outside at least a first guide groove 122 and at the right side profile rail 22 is at the right frame outside at least a second guide 125 intended.

This first and second guide groove 122 . 125 are opposite to each other and to the plane defined by the frame legs frame level 31 ( 1 ) aligned vertically and for producing a releasable positive connection between one of the left side rail 19 a first frame in a row with a right side profile rail 22 formed of a second frame.

8th shows a section of two in a row R adjacent to each other functional elements 13-1 and 13-2 , each with a frame according to the invention 10-1 respectively. 10-2 are framed. The first guide groove 122-2 and second guide groove 125-1 engage with their respective mutually aligned U-shape into each other. The adjoining side rails 19-2 and 22-1 make up with their fronts 88-1 . 85-2 a closed surface.

The right outside of the limping frame 10-1 is through the right side profile rail 22-1 and a leg of the second guide groove 125-1 educated. On this leg is an inwardly directed Führungsnutnase 124-1 intended. The left outside of the right frame 10-2 is through the left side profile rail 19-2 and a leg of the first guide groove 122-1 educated. On each of the legs in each case with respect to the guide groove inwardly directed Führungsnutnase 123-2 respectively. 124-1 intended.

These Führungsnutnasen 123-2 respectively. 124-1 lie with respect to the frame level 31 parallel to each other, but are offset from one another and can undercut each other when making the connection and thus support the guiding function of the guide grooves when installing the framed functional element. The guide grooves are advantageous not only the mechanical connection of adjacent functional element of a series, but also the production of inventive connection of a lower transverse rail of a frame with a base rail or an upper cross-profile rail of a frame installed below the current row frame.

15 shows a base rail 128 , which is used to install an in-roof system with framed functional elements according to the invention. This is the base profile rail 128 equipped with the same connection functionalities as an upper cross rail 28 , That is, the base rail 128 has a first connection hook 91-128 consisting essentially of a parallel to and in the longitudinal direction of the base rail 128 running base hook footbridge 95-128 , a base hook ground 92-128 and one of the base hook reason 92-128 opposite base hook opening 97-128 is formed. The base hook bridge 95-128 essentially lies in one to a mounting side 55-128 parallel planes and runs in the longitudinal direction parallel to the base profile rail 128 ,

The base hook opening 97-128 is in installation position on a roof or a roof substructure upwards, ie directed against the fall line FL of the roof to a described positive connection with a second connecting hook 94 at a lower cross rail 25 to make a frame.

At the base connection hook 91-128 can be like an upper cross rail 28 a buffer element 99a be provided (in 15 not shown, cf. but 16 ). Such a buffer element 9a can in base hook reason 92-128 of the base connection hook 91-128 attached, for example, be glued. The buffer element 99a is then arranged so that it is at one with the base rail 128 connected frame of a first row with an end face 104 a second hook web 96 a lower cross profile rails 25 a second connection hook 94 in contact.

Based on 16 Below is the installation of an in-roof system with a functional element field of at least three (preferably transverse to the fall line of the roof, particularly preferably horizontally extending) rows R1, R2, R3 of individual plate-shaped functional elements 13-1 . 13-2 . 13-3 explained. The fall line FL of the roof is defined as the line on the roof surface that follows the direction of the greatest slope, ie always intersects the contour lines of the roof at right angles. The functional elements 13-1 . 13-2 . 13-3 are each by means of a frame 10-1 . 10-2 . 10-3 framed the invention and a roof substructure 16 a building G attached.

An existing tile roof can be freed from the existing bricks on the planned contact surface. Existing, possibly renewed slats 17-1 . 17-2 . 17-3 which are usually transverse to rafters 18 runs as a substructure 16 for the framed functional elements 13-1 . 13-2 . 13-3 be used. The slats 17-1 . 17-2 . 17-3 If required, they can be laid on the rafters by means of a base 18 be attached. Regarding the dimensioning of the slats 17-1 . 17-2 . 17-3 for the assembly described below, for example slats have the dimensions 80 mm × 27 mm × 3000 mm; Of course, other dimensions are possible.

The first row R1 can connect to a row of roof tiles or the roof edge, for example to or above a gutter. Before the first row R1 of framed functional elements 13-1 is installed, it is advantageous to seal the lower edge of the planned functional element field with a suitable sealing material. To seal the underside of the field on a row of tiles or the roof end a Spenglerabschluss z. B. of tin 127 or bitumen. Alternatively, a strip consisting of polyisobutylene, a material which has been used for a long time in the flat roof sector, may be laid with an embedded expanded metal insert (eg made of aluminum) for mechanical stabilization, this having a smooth, stable surface. The combination of the polyisobutylene surface and the expanded aluminum mesh allows for horizontal and vertical expansion, allowing it to conform to a row of roof tiles or roof trim, and prevents cracking in critical areas.

The production of the in-roof system on the roof substructure 16 by means of the plate-shaped functional elements 13-1 . 13-2 . 13-3 , each with a frame 10-1 . 10-2 . 10-3 of the invention, in the form of a functional element field with three rows R1, R2, R3, takes place with the following steps:
In a first step S1, the mounting of a base profile rail already shown takes place 128 transverse to a fall line FL of the roof with a mounting side 55-128 at the roof substructure 16 , where the base profile rail 128 similar to an upper cross rail 28 first connection means 37-128 having.

In a second step S2, the laying of a first functional element takes place 13-1 by establishing a positive connection between the first connection means 37-128 at the base profile rail 128 and the second connection means 40-1 the lower cross rail 25-1 of the frame 10-1 of the first functional element 13-1 ,

In a third step S3, the fastening of the first functional element takes place 13-1 by means of fastener 34-1 the upper cross rail 28-1 at the roof substructure 16 , In 16 this was done by screwing on the upper cross rail 28-1 on a crossbar 17-2 the roof substructure 16 by means of screws 36-1 , Of course, an attachment with appropriately sized nails is conceivable.

Thereafter, the installation / assembly of each further functional element of this first row R1 is carried out by corresponding repetition of the following steps (in 16 not shown): In a step S4a, the production of a form-fitting guide connection between another functional element of the row R1 and the last functional element of the first row R1 by means of the right side rail of the last functional element and the left side rail of the further functional element (as in 8th shown).

In a step S4b then the production of a positive connection between the first connection means 37-128 the base profile rail 128 and the second connecting means of the lower transverse rail of the frame of the further functional element. In this case, the further framed functional element slides in the direction of the fall line FL under the guidance of the guide connection produced in step S4a (cf. 8th ) down so that the second connecting means of the lower cross-rail as intended in the first connection means 37-128 on or in the base profile rail 128 intervene and so almost automatically the positive connection is made.

In a step S4c, the further functional element is then fastened by means of the fastening means of the upper transverse profiled rail to the roof substructure 16 as with the installation of the first functional element 13-1 ,

The laying of the functional elements of each further row R2, R3, etc. basically takes place according to the same principle as explained in connection with the first row R1. The main difference is that the function of the base rail 128 for all other rows of each of the upper cross rails 28-1 . 28-2 etc. the frame 10-1 . 10-2 etc. in the last assembled row R1 or R2, etc. is made.

In summary, with the invention proposed a framing for plate-shaped functional elements, which allows easier and faster installation compared to known systems. For this purpose, a frame for receiving a plate-shaped functional element and mounting with at least one part of a frame back on a roof substructure is proposed, consisting of a left side rail and a right side rail and one to the side rails transversely extending lower cross rail and upper cross rail, which together form a frame plane span, exists. The upper transverse rail has integrated fastening means for fixing the frame in the installed position on the roof substructure and first connecting means. The lower cross rail has integrated second connection means. De first connecting means and second connecting means are formed for producing a releasable positive connection between the lower transverse rail of a first frame with the upper transverse rail of a second frame. The invention further relates to an in-roof system formed by functional elements incorporated in the proposed frame. In order to avoid thermal stresses in such an in-roof system, at least one expansion means or dilation compensation means is provided on the frame, in particular on the first and / or second connection means, which during production of the positive connection with respect to the frame plane between a first and a second is arranged interconnected frame and establishes a predetermined distance between the two frames in the frame plane.

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• DE 10213902 A1 [0004]

Claims (15)

Frame ( 10 ) for a plate-shaped functional element ( 13 ; 13-1 . 13-2 . 13-3 ) and for mounting with at least a part of a frame back to a roof substructure ( 16 ), the frame ( 10 ) consists of one left side rail ( 19 ) and a right side rail ( 22 ) as well as one each to the side profile rails ( 19 . 22 ) transversely extending lower transverse rail ( 25 ) and upper cross rail ( 28 ), which together form a frame level ( 31 ), wherein the upper cross profile rail ( 28 ) has fastening means ( 34 ) for fixing the frame ( 10 ) in installation position on the roof substructure ( 16 ) as well as first connection means ( 37 ) and the lower cross profile rail ( 25 ) has second connection means ( 40 ), and wherein the first connection means ( 37 ) and second connecting means ( 40 ) for producing a releasable positive connection between the lower transverse rail ( 25 ) of a first frame with the upper transverse profile rail ( 28 ) of a second frame, wherein at least one buffer element ( 99a ; 99b ; 99c1 . 99c2 ) is provided in such a way, which in the production of the positive connection with respect to the frame plane ( 31 ) between the first and second frames ( 13-1 . 13-2 ) and a predetermined distance (x1; x2; x3, x4) between the two frames ( 13-1 . 13-2 ). Frame ( 10 ) according to claim 1, wherein the left side rail ( 19 ), the right side rail ( 22 ), the lower cross rail ( 25 ) and the upper cross profile rail ( 28 ) each extending in the longitudinal direction of the respective rail holding ( 43 ) having a substantially U-shaped cross section for receiving at least the outer edge ( 46 ) of a functional element ( 13 ; 13-1 . 13-2 ), and wherein at least at the left side profile rail ( 19 ), the right side rail ( 22 ) and the upper transverse rail ( 28 ) in each case in a, preferably with a back of a functional element brought into contact, Halteutflanke ( 44 ) of the respective retaining groove ( 43 ) a gully ( 44 ) is integrated. Frame ( 10 ) according to claim 2, wherein at least the upper transverse profile rail ( 28 ) and the two side profile rails ( 19 . 22 ) at respective connecting corners ( 61-1 . 61-2 ), at least in one miter profile area ( 64 ), which at least the retaining groove ( 43 ) are mitered and / or machined such that the respective miter profile areas ( 64 ) fit so closely together that in the installed position water from the gutter ( 45 ) in the upper cross rail ( 28 ) in respective gutters ( 45-19 . 45-22 ) of the side profile rails ( 19 . 22 ) can drain. Frame ( 10 ) according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the gutter ( 45 ) in the upper cross rail ( 28 ) at least one rear side flank ( 47 ) and a front side flank ( 48 ), wherein the rear side edge ( 47 ) closer to a retaining groove bottom ( 50 ) of the U-shaped cross section of the retaining groove ( 43 ) of the upper transverse rail ( 28 ), and wherein at least the rear side edge ( 47 ) in the installation position of the frame is substantially vertical, and wherein preferably the profile of the respective gutter ( 45-19 . 45-22 ) in the two side profile rails ( 19 . 22 ) of the gully ( 45 ) in the upper cross rail ( 28 ) is similar. Frame ( 10 ) according to one of claims 1 to 4, wherein at least the left side profile rail ( 19 ) and / or the right side rail ( 22 ) a ventilation and / or drainage channel ( 67 . 70 ), which essentially centrally in the respective side profile rail (FIG. 19 . 22 ), wherein at each side rail ( 19 . 22 ) in each case a part in an upper end section ( 73 . 76 ) adjacent to the upper transverse rail ( 28 ) is cut out and / or removed by machining such that the ventilation and / or drainage channel ( 67 . 70 ) in the respective end section ( 73 . 76 ) to the upper transverse rail ( 28 ) is open, and in particular in a respective front ( 79 . 82 ) of the respective side profile rail ( 19 . 22 ) at least over the ventilation and / or drainage channel ( 67 . 70 ) each have an integrated gutter ( 85 . 88 ) is located. Frame ( 10 ) according to one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the first connection means ( 37 ) on the upper cross rail ( 28 ) a first connection hook ( 91 ) and the second connection means ( 40 ) on the lower cross rail ( 25 ) a second connection hook ( 94 ), which in each case by a parallel to and in the longitudinal direction of the upper transverse rails ( 28 ) or the lower transverse profile rail ( 25 ) extending first and second hook web ( 95 . 96 ), a first or second hook reason ( 92 . 93 ) and one each the respective first hook reason ( 92 ) or second hook reason ( 93 ) opposite first hook opening ( 97 ) or second hook opening ( 100 ), which are aligned opposite to each other, have. Frame ( 10 ) according to claim 6, wherein as said at least one buffer element ( 99a ; 99c1 ) a first buffer element ( 99a ; 99c1 ) provided in the first hook reason ( 92 ) is arranged. Frame ( 10 ) according to claim 6 or 7, wherein as said at least one buffer element ( 99b ; 99c1 ) a second buffer element ( 99b ; 99c2 ) provided in the second hook reason ( 93 ) is arranged. Frame ( 10 ) according to claim 7 or 8, wherein the at least one buffer element ( 99a ; 99b ; 99c1 . 99c2 ) consists of a resilient material, in particular ethylene-propylene-diene rubber (EPDM) or silicone rubber, spring steel or the like. Frame ( 10 ) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein on the frame front side forming front side of the upper cross-section rail ( 28 ) and / or on the rear side forming the frame back ( 55 ) of the lower cross rail ( 25 ) each in the longitudinal direction of the respective rail ( 25 . 28 ) extending sealing groove ( 109 ) is provided, in the at least one seal ( 112 ), preferably with at least one sealing lip ( 113 ) or sealing lamella, and wherein the at least one seal ( 112 ) in a produced positive connection with respect to the vertical to the frame plane ( 31 ) between the first and second frames ( 10-1 . 10-2 ) is arranged. Frame ( 10 ) according to one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the in the upper cross-section rail ( 28 ) integrated fasteners ( 34 ) one at the frame level ( 31 ) parallel along the upper transverse profile ( 28 ) on the outside of the frame extending Krakplatte ( 115 ) whose ends ( 118 . 119 ) each at an upper end portion ( 73 . 76 ) one of the side profile rails ( 19 . 22 ), whereby in the cantilever plate ( 115 ) as a fastening means ( 34 ) preferably through-holes ( 35 ) for fixing screws ( 36 ) for fixing the frame ( 10 ; 10-1 . 10-2 . 10-3 ) in installation position on the roof substructure ( 16 ) are provided. In-roof system with a functional element field of at least a first row (R1) and a second row (R2) of individual plate-shaped functional elements ( 13-1 . 13-2 . 13-3 ), each in a framework ( 10-1 . 10-2 . 10-3 ) according to one of claims 1 to 11 and on a roof substructure ( 16 ) of a building, with adjacent functional elements ( 13-1 . 13-2 . 13-3 ) of a row (R1, R2, R3) by means of a respective left side profile rail ( 19 ) and a respective right side profile rail ( 22 ) are positively connected, and wherein the frames of a respective row (R1 or R2) with the frame of the respective further adjacent row (R2 or R3) by means of the respective first connecting means ( 37 ) and second connecting means ( 40 ) are positively connected, wherein the at least one buffer element ( 99a ; 99b ; 99c1 . 99c2 ) in the positive connection, in particular in relation to the respective frame level ( 31 ) parallel connection plane, between the first and the second frame ( 10-1 . 102-2 ) is arranged and, in particular in the connection plane, a predetermined distance between the two frames ( 10-1 . 10-2 ) at the frame level ( 31 ). An in-roof system according to claim 12, wherein the in-roof system extends transversely to a fall line (FL) of the roof and to the roof substructure ( 19 ) with a rail back ( 55-128 ) fixed base rail ( 128 ) with first connection means ( 37 ) on a rail front side, and wherein the respective lower cross profile rails ( 25 ) of the respective framework ( 10-1 ) of the functional elements ( 13-1 ) of the first row (R1) with the respective second connection means ( 40 ) with the first connection means ( 37 ) of the base rail ( 128 ) are positively connected. An in-roof system according to claim 12 or 13, wherein the respective upper transverse profiles ( 28 ) the frame ( 10-1 . 10-2 ) of the functional elements ( 13-1 . 13-2 ) with their respective attachment means ( 34 ; 35 . 36 ) on the roof substructure ( 16 ) are attached. Frame according to one of claims 1 to 11 or in-roof system according to one of claims 12 to 14, wherein a functional element ( 13-1 . 13-2 . 13-3 ) is from a group containing the elements: photovoltaic modules, solar thermal collector modules such as thermal generator elements, solar thermal collectors, or the like.

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