DE102011082991A1 - Battery housing, in particular for lithium-ion cells, with a Temperiermittelverteilsystem, battery and motor vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a battery housing (6) of a battery, in particular for lithium-ion cells (5, 11), with a in a wall or in a housing bottom (14) firmly integrated Temperiermittelzulauf (4) and Temperiermittelrücklauf (3) which are present in a wall of the housing in an I-shape and in the housing bottom (14) introduced courses in a U-shape. The tempering (2, 7, 8) may be arranged asymmetrically and also have a different geometry, where they exercise their temperature-compensating function as a heat source or heat sink by a targeted coupling into a cooling / heating circuit. The cooling / heating circuit may be an in-vehicle of a hybrid or electric motor vehicle or a Temperiermittelkreislauf, which can be associated with an external tempering system. The invention is supplemented by a motor vehicle.

Description

The present invention relates to a battery housing, in particular for lithium-ion cells, with a Temperiermittelverteilsystem and a battery that is equipped with such Temperiermittelverteilsystems and a motor vehicle, which has a battery case or a battery of the type according to the invention, which with a drive system of a motor vehicle connected is.

State of the art

It is becoming apparent that in the future both in stationary applications, such as wind turbines, in vehicles, which are designed as hybrid or electric motor vehicles, as well as in the consumer sector, in laptops or mobile phones increasingly new battery systems are used, to the very high demands are placed on reliability, safety, performance and service life.

To ensure the safety and function of lithium-ion battery packs, it is necessary to operate the lithium-ion cells within a given temperature range. Heat is generated during operation of the lithium-ion cells, Joule heat, which can be described by the electric current and the internal resistance of a lithium-ion cell, as well as by heat production due to reversible processes in the lithium-ion cell. This heat must be dissipated to avoid heating the lithium-ion cell above a critical operating temperature. For the design of a thermal management system or a tempering usually load cycles are used, with which the temperature rise can be predicted within the lithium-ion battery at known thermal boundary conditions.

In order to operate the lithium-ion battery in favorable temperature ranges, the lithium-ion cells are connected to a thermal management system or to a temperature control system. This heats the lithium-ion cells, for example when starting on cold days, or cools them, for example, during operation of a hybrid or electric motor vehicle. In many technical applications, the lithium-ion cells or modules are tempered via their underside. This is done z. B. a module assembly of the lithium-ion cells on fluid-flow plates, which are acted upon depending on the degree of required cooling capacity with a water / glycol mixture or with a vaporizing refrigerant. Due to space constraints, it is often necessary to distribute the cell modules on several coolant plates within a battery case. For optimum battery operation, these cooling plates are hydraulically tuned according to their thermal loads. By means of manifold blocks while the coolant mass flow is split and fed via flexible hose lines the individual cooling plates. Accordingly, the return is supplied in turn from each cooling plate by means of flexible hoses a central collector and directed out of the battery case.

To DE 10 2008 041 548 A1 For example, a battery module has been proposed for the construction of a battery system, in particular of lithium-ion cells, which shows inter-finely spaced lithium-ion cells housed in a housing developed with inlet and outlet openings for a flowing fluid. The flowing fluid in the presented solution is the ambient air of the battery system. This or more modules of this type are encompassed by a larger housing. For intensive cooling or heating of the lithium-ion cells in a module in the region of a desired temperature window, the cooling fins are in contact with the batteries or lithium-ion cells in thermal contact via contact tabs.

On the basis of the illustrated prior art, it can be seen that the construction of a cooling system within a module consisting of lithium-ion cells, with uniform equipping with lithium-ion cells and arranged under the / the module / -en fluid-flow cooling plates or can be solved by means of attached to the lithium-ion cells ribs for cooling uncomplicated.

An asymmetric placement of the modules with lithium-ion cells, however, requires an as direct as possible temperature control with a heat sink or a heat source, the consumer must be kept at the same temperature level as possible. It would thus be favorable, omitting otherwise usual piping and tubing between cooling plates and tempering, to provide the heat sink or sources within the housing of a module to bring connected consumers targeted to a desired temperature level.

Disclosure of the invention

According to the invention, a battery housing for receiving a plurality of battery cells, in particular of lithium-ion cells with a Temperiermittelverteilsystem is proposed in which the Temperiermittelverteilsystem is integrated in the battery case and there is a Temperiermittelzulauf and a separate Temperiermittelrücklauf comprises, which are each formed closed at the free end in the battery case and led out at the other end of the battery case and each having a plurality of terminals for tempering, wherein between pairs of terminals, consisting of a connection of the Temperiermittelzulaufs and a Connection of the temperature control return Tempering elements - connected in parallel - can be connected.

This has the advantage that the space of a battery case remains free of between the lithium-ion cells or modules to be laid tubing and tubing or the structure of an internal Wärmeleitstruktur between the lithium-ion cells, since the defined course of a Temperiermittelzulaufs and a Temperiermittelrücklaufs is integrated into the housing training and it makes it possible to place Temperierelemente where they are needed. The arrangement of the tempering is thereby provided between the modules combined to a lithium-ion cells or placed inside the housing that all contained in a battery modules with their lithium-ion cells or areas within the housing a uniform and technically optimal operation of a battery obtained with lithium-ion cells necessary ambient temperature. For advantageous support of such a variable choice of attachment of tempering the Temperiermittelzulauf and Temperiermittelrücklauf have a number of connections to which the temperature control can be connected as required.

In a design for the arrangement of a Temperiermittelzulaufs and a Temperiermittelrücklaufs these are in the wall of the battery case, the terminals are accessible to them for Temperierelemente from the interior of the battery case.

Thus, the construction of one or more modules to be tempered, which are composed of lithium-ion cells, are made into a battery, which can be extremely compactly positioned by the integration of Temperiermittelverteilsystems in a wall design of the battery case modules.

In addition, it is provided that the Temperiermittelzulauf is guided in the center of a first side of the battery case and the Temperiermittelrücklauf along the first side enclosing walls of the battery case is performed.

This optimal arrangements of tempering, which may be necessary without direct contact with lithium-ion cells in the battery case, possible and there is always a uniform temperature of the tempering - by their parallel interconnection - given.

The mutually parallel spaced in the battery housing profiles of Temperiermittelzulauf and Temperiermittelrücklauf are made such that thus the expansion of a tempering along a first axis is met. This means that the design of a temperature control element advantageously always achieves a connection to the temperature control inlet and to the temperature control return, be it that a temperature control element is integrated in a single arrangement in the coolant circuit or together with lithium ion cells in a module.

Alternative courses of both the temperature control feed and the temperature control return offer their designs in U or I form. This makes it possible to align advantageously the arrangement of modules consisting of lithium-ion cells, either in the vicinity of a wall of a battery case (I-form) or by an integration of Temperiermittelzulaufes and the Temperiermittelrücklaufes in a housing bottom (U Form) parallel rows of modules and with them in operative connection Temperierelemente to create.

A further embodiment of the invention represents the integration of valves in the connections for the tempering.

Thus, a module, which is monitored by a thermal management, if necessary, heated or cooled by opening or closing, so uniformly prevail in possibly further modules and in the environment of / the module / -e same temperature conditions.

To realize such a connectability, the valves are designed as separately controllable throttle valves.

The battery housing is designed in an inventive manner that the Temperiermittelverteilsystem has exactly one Temperiermittelzulauf and exactly one Temperiermittelrücklauf.

In this case, the battery housing can be designed in its housing bottom so that Temperiermittelzulauf and Temperiermittelrücklauf are in the housing base and these are integrated into a mounting surface in which the connections to the Temperiermittelzulauf and the Temperiermittelrücklauf are present. It is then possible that mounting surfaces can be prepared for a further module installation in the housing base, wherein the already existing connections for a Temperiermittelzulauf and a Temperiermittelrücklauf blind closed or attached to them thermally insulated dummies are attached.

A battery, consisting in particular of lithium-ion cells, comprises: a battery housing with a plurality of tempering elements connected in parallel, wherein a first terminal of a temperature control element is connected to a terminal of the Temperiermittelzulaufs and a second terminal of a Temperierelementes with a connection of the Temperiermittelrücklaufs; and at least one lithium-ion cell is in direct contact with a tempering element.

The battery housing of a battery designed according to the invention advantageously takes parallel tempering in a fixed course of Temperiermittelzulaufs and the Temperiermittelrücklaufs on that their tempering takes place in direct contact with at least one lithium-ion cell or the available space alone by the installation of a tempering is cooled or heated at the terminals of Temperiermittelzulaufs and Temperiermittelrücklaufs. This eliminates an undesirable temperature gradient within the installation space of a battery housing of the battery.

The invention is supplemented by a motor vehicle, in particular an electric motor drivable, which comprises a battery housing according to the invention for one or more module / s a battery consisting of lithium-ion cells, wherein such a battery is connected to a drive system of the motor vehicle.

A motor vehicle equipped with a battery designed according to the invention acquires a higher utility value and saves costs in the maintenance and / or replacement of such a battery.

drawings

The invention will be explained below with reference to the embodiments shown in the accompanying figures. Show it:

1 an interior view as a plan view of an inventive battery housing in the form of a U-curve of Temperiermittelzulauf and Temperiermittelrücklauf,

2 an interior view as a plan view of a battery housing according to the invention in the form of an I-course of Temperiermittelzulauf and Temperiermittelrücklauf, and

3 a side view in section of a battery case with the arrangement of lithium-ion cells in the U-course of Temperiermittelzulauf and Temperiermittelrücklauf.

Embodiments of the invention

To 1 is a battery case 6 shown as a top view from above in section. Inside the battery case 6 there is a Temperiermittelverteilsystem, which is a Temperiermittelzulauf 4 and a temperature control return 3 includes. Temperiermittelzu- and return 4 . 3 are each designed to be at their first port 9 respectively 10 the battery case 6 penetrate, so from the battery case 6 and at their respective other, the second closed end 15 . 16 inside the battery case 6 are formed closed. Temperiermittelzu- and return 4 . 3 are separated and spaced from each other. They are preferably spaced such that between them a tempering 2 can be arranged. Both temperature control and return 4 . 3 have a plurality of connections 1 for tempering elements 2 on. So can a tempering 2 on the one hand via a connection 1 of the temperature control inlet 4 with the temperature control feed 4 and on the other hand, via a port 1 of the temperature control return 3 with the temperature control return 3 get connected. Thus, a temperature control via a first connection 9 of the temperature control inlet 4 in the battery case 6 introduced from the outside, via a first connection 1 of the temperature control inlet 4 in a tempering 2 be introduced, this via corresponding channels in the tempering 2 flow through and cool or heat, via an outlet of the tempering 2 and a first connection 1 of the temperature control return 3 again from the tempering 2 be led out, and finally after flowing through the Temperiermittelrücklaufs 3 at its connection 10 from the battery case 6 be led out.

The distances between the respective connections 1 at Temperiermittelzu- and return 4 . 3 are preferably smaller than the width of a tempering element 2 trained to the tempering 2 to position flexibly.

In 1 can have two rows of tempering elements 2 to be ordered. In the plan view of 1 For example, two rows of tempering 2 on the case back 14 of battery case 6 be arranged side by side. These are Temperiermittelzulauf 4 and the temperature control return 3 each in U-shape parallel to and integrated in the ground 14 of the battery case 6 educated. The temperature control return 3 extends into 1 from its first, open end - the connection 10 - outside the battery case 6 along the lower, the right and the upper side wall in the case back 14 of the battery case 6 until his second closed end 16 inside the battery case 6 , The temperature control return 3 is therefore preferred along the periphery of the battery case 6 in the case back 14 guided. The temperature control feed 4 then extends into 1 in the center of the case bottom 14 of the battery case 6 , The temperature control feed 4 also extends in a U-shape from its first open end of the port 9 outside the battery case 6 along a first axis of the battery case 6 , goes through a U-shaped turn and is parallel again in the case back 14 returned to the inside of the battery case 6 in his second, closed end 15 to end. The respective sections of the Temperiermittelzulaufs and Temperiermittelrücklaufs 4 . 3 executed parallel to each other.

Out 1 can be seen that over the connections inlet 9 and return 10 within a wall of the battery case 6 a Temperiermittelkreislauf with parallel tempering 2 . 7 . 8th is provided, wherein a so-called U-flow of a flowing cooling / heating medium almost simultaneously over all to the Temperiermittelzulauf 4 and the temperature control return 3 via the connections inlet 9 and return 10 connected tempering 2 . 7 . 8th becomes possible. The connections inflow and return 9 . 10 are indeed in defined intervals in the temperature control 4 and temperature control return 3 However, they need not be opposite to the tempering 2 . 7 . 8th to be able to connect. It is also useful that the tempering, as the tempering 7 . 8th , exist in different geometry, which is due to the fact that they are either within a pack of lithium-ion cells 5 the size of the lithium-ion cells 5 adapted or separately and in greater training in the cooling / heating circuit are involved, so that the remaining space of the battery case 6 can be optimally tempered. The distances between the courses of the temperature control feed 4 and temperature control return 3 are differently broad in design in the shape of the U-flow. In 1 are z. B. the input and the output of the upper tempering 7 point-symmetrical to the center of the cross-section of the tempering 7 arranged so that the respective terminals to be used 1 of the temperature control return 3 and the Temperiermittelzulaufs 4 are formed offset from one another horizontally.

On the tempering elements 7 can be lithium-ion cells 5 to be ordered. In this case, they are preferably in direct contact with the respective tempering elements 7 , A temperature control element is preferred 7 for a battery module consisting of several lithium-ion cells 5 intended. The connection direction of the lithium-ion cells 5 is preferably perpendicular to the main propagation direction of Temperiermittelzulauf 4 and temperature control return 3 , This allows as many lithium-ion cells as possible 5 in the battery case 6 to arrange.

In direct contact with the lithium-ion cells 5 or at a certain location on the wall of a battery case 6 act the tempering 7 . 8th as a heat sink or as a heat source for possibly more in the temperature control circuit of the battery housing 6 integrated modules or for other electronic components to be tempered.

The stationary in the wall of the battery case 6 introduced courses of the Temperiermittelrücklaufs 3 and the Temperiermittelzulaufes 4 are inside the battery case 6 blinded at its local end.

2 shows an I-flow of Temperiermittelzulauf and Temperiermittelrücklauf 4 . 3 , Here is just a set of tempering 7 inside the battery case 6 locatable. The temperature control feed 4 extends along a first side wall of the battery case 6 from his connection 9 to his closed end 15 , Parallel to this, the Temperiermittelrücklauf extends 3 from its first, open end, to the connection 10 , to his second, closed end 16 along the opposite side of the battery case 6 , Thus have Temperiermittelrücklauf and Temperiermittelzulauf 3 . 4 each an I-shape.

In 3 is a side view in section the position of the assembled in a pack to a module lithium-ion cells 11 to see, with their bottom surfaces directly on a tempering 12 are set up. The caseback 14 has other possible arrangements of lithium-ion cells 11 in a module in which free mounting surfaces 13 are reserved, in which the courses of a Temperiermittelzulaufes 4 and a temperature control return 3 present in the formation of a U-river. As a result, if necessary, the space of a battery case 6 be equipped with other modules or with tempering. The latter construction would require the installation of parallel rows of lithium-ion cells 11 and / or tempering 7 allow.

So according to the invention is a battery case 6 or a battery with the battery case 6 provided which a central Temperiermittelzulauf or Temperiermittelrücklauf 4 . 3 has, to which any number of consumers can be connected. For the hydraulic adjustment can be throttle elements, preferably separately controlled, in the terminals 1 from Temperiermittelzulauf or Temperiermittelrücklauf 4 . 3 integrate. These are unused connections 1 closed trained. Also thermally insulating dummies with the unused terminals 1 get connected.

At Temperiermittelzulauf or Temperiermittelrücklauf 4 . 3 Heat sinks or heat sources can be variably placed as needed. In this way complex temperature control geometries can be installed compactly in the housing. An elaborate piping inside the battery can be omitted. tempering 7 can be said heat sources or heat sinks, but also other components to be tempered such. B. an electronic cooling can in the battery housing according to the invention 6 be arranged. After the battery has been assembled, the tempering elements are worn 7 and / or the dummies for the stability of the battery case 6 at.

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• DE 102008041548 A1 [0005]

Claims (11)

Battery housing for receiving a plurality of battery cells, in particular of lithium-ion cells, with a Temperiermittelverteilsystem, characterized in that the Temperiermittelverteilsystem in the battery case ( 6 ) and comprises: a temperature control agent feed ( 4 ) and a separate temperature control return ( 3 ), each at its one end in the battery case ( 6 ) formed closed and at the other end of the battery case ( 6 ) are led out and in each case a plurality of terminals ( 1 ) for tempering elements ( 7 ), wherein between pairs of terminals ( 1 ), consisting of a connection ( 1 ) of the Temperiermittelzulaufs ( 4 ) and a connection ( 1 ) of the temperature control return ( 3 ), Tempering elements ( 7 ) - connected in parallel - can be connected. Battery housing according to claim 1, wherein the temperature control agent feed ( 4 ) and the temperature control return ( 3 ) in the wall of the battery case ( 6 ) and the connections ( 1 ) from inside the battery case ( 6 ) are accessible. Battery housing according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the temperature control agent feed ( 4 ) in the center of a first side of the battery case ( 6 ) and the temperature control return ( 3 ) along the walls surrounding the first side of the battery housing ( 6 ) to be led. Battery housing according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the distance between Temperiermittelrücklauf ( 3 ) and temperature control feed ( 4 ) the extent of a tempering element ( 7 ) along a first axis. Battery housing according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the temperature control agent feed ( 4 ) and / or the temperature control return ( 3 ) have a U-shape or an I-shape. Battery housing according to one of the preceding claims, wherein in the terminals ( 1 ) for tempering elements ( 7 ) Valves are integrated. Battery housing according to claim 6, wherein the valves are separately controllable throttle valves. Battery housing according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the Temperiermittelverteilsystem exactly one Temperiermittelzulauf ( 4 ) and exactly one temperature control return ( 3 ) having. Battery housing according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the temperature control agent feed ( 4 ) and the temperature control return ( 3 ) in the housing bottom ( 14 ) are formed and this at least one mounting surface ( 13 ), in which the connections ( 1 ) to the temperature control agent feed ( 4 ) and the temperature control return ( 3 ) are formed. Battery, in particular a lithium-ion battery, comprising: a battery housing ( 6 ) according to any one of the preceding claims; a plurality of tempering elements connected in parallel ( 7 ), with a first connection ( 1 ) of a tempering element ( 7 ) with a connection ( 1 ) of the Temperiermittelzulaufs ( 4 ) and a second connection ( 1 ) of a tempering element ( 7 ) with a connection ( 1 ) of the temperature control return ( 3 ) connected is; and at least one lithium-ion cell ( 5 ) in direct contact with a tempering element ( 7 ) stands. Motor vehicle, in particular an electric motor driven motor vehicle, which at least one battery housing ( 6 ) according to one of claims 1 to 9 or a battery according to claim 10, which is connected to a drive system of the motor vehicle.

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