DE102011011800A1 - Power supply method of vehicle e.g. aircraft, involves monitoring amount of voltage supplied to voltage network by emergency energy storage units, when monitoring of voltage by other energy storage unit is interfered - Google Patents
Power supply method of vehicle e.g. aircraft, involves monitoring amount of voltage supplied to voltage network by emergency energy storage units, when monitoring of voltage by other energy storage unit is interfered Download PDFInfo
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- DE102011011800A1 DE102011011800A1 DE102011011800A DE102011011800A DE102011011800A1 DE 102011011800 A1 DE102011011800 A1 DE 102011011800A1 DE 102011011800 A DE102011011800 A DE 102011011800A DE 102011011800 A DE102011011800 A DE 102011011800A DE 102011011800 A1 DE102011011800 A1 DE 102011011800A1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J1/00—Circuit arrangements for dc mains or dc distribution networks
- H02J1/10—Parallel operation of dc sources
- H02J1/102—Parallel operation of dc sources being switching converters
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L3/00—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
- B60L3/0023—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train
- B60L3/0046—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train relating to electric energy storage systems, e.g. batteries or capacitors
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L3/00—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
- B60L3/0092—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption with use of redundant elements for safety purposes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
- B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
- B60L58/18—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries of two or more battery modules
- B60L58/20—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries of two or more battery modules having different nominal voltages
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/34—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering
- H02J7/342—The other DC source being a battery actively interacting with the first one, i.e. battery to battery charging
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2310/00—The network for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by its spatial reach or by the load
- H02J2310/40—The network being an on-board power network, i.e. within a vehicle
- H02J2310/44—The network being an on-board power network, i.e. within a vehicle for aircrafts
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2310/00—The network for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by its spatial reach or by the load
- H02J2310/40—The network being an on-board power network, i.e. within a vehicle
- H02J2310/48—The network being an on-board power network, i.e. within a vehicle for electric vehicles [EV] or hybrid vehicles [HEV]
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren, um in einem Fahrzeug insbesondere in einem Notfall die Spannungsversorgung aufrecht zu erhalten sowie eine entsprechend ausgestaltete Vorrichtung und ein entsprechend ausgestaltetes Fahrzeug.The present invention relates to a method for maintaining the power supply in a vehicle, in particular in an emergency, as well as a correspondingly configured device and a correspondingly configured vehicle.
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Das Bordnetz für Fahrzeuge nach dem Stand der Technik, bei welchen ein Elektromotor zum Antrieb des Fahrzeugs eingesetzt wird, ist typischerweise in ein Hochvoltnetz (z. B. Spannungsbereich 100 bis 800 V) und in ein Niedervoltnetz (z. B. Spannungsbereich 9–15 V, bei LKWs bis 24 V) unterteilt. Wie in
Um auch im Fehlerfall, wenn die Spannungsversorgung mit Hilfe des Hochvoltnetzes nicht mehr gegeben ist, noch sicherheitskritische Funktionen wie die elektromechanische Lenkung oder die Bremskraftunterstützung
Die vorliegende Erfindung stellt sich die Aufgabe, ein Konzept zur Spannungsversorgung eines Fahrzeugs mit Hochvoltnetz bereitzustellen, so dass der Niedervolt-Energiespeicher kleiner und leichter ausgelegt werden kann, ohne dass es dabei zu Einschränkungen bei den sicherheitsrelevanten Funktionen des Fahrzeugs im Fehlerfall kommt.The present invention has as its object to provide a concept for supplying power to a vehicle with high-voltage network, so that the low-voltage energy storage can be made smaller and lighter, without causing any restrictions in the safety-related functions of the vehicle in case of failure.
Erfindungsgemäß wird diese Aufgabe durch ein Verfahren zur Spannungsversorgung nach Anspruch 1, durch eine Vorrichtung zur Spannungsversorgung nach Anspruch 7 und durch ein Fahrzeug nach Anspruch 12 gelöst. Die abhängigen Ansprüche definieren bevorzugte und vorteilhafte Ausführungsformen der vorliegenden Erfindung.According to the invention this object is achieved by a method for power supply according to
Im Rahmen der vorliegenden Erfindung wird ein Verfahren zur Spannungsversorgung für ein Fahrzeug bereitgestellt. Dabei wird das Spannungsnetz des Fahrzeugs durch einen ersten Energiespeicher oder durch mehrere erste Energiespeicher mit Spannung versorgt. Eine Energieversorgung des Spannungsnetzes mittels des mindestens einen ersten Energiespeichers (d. h. mittels des ersten Energiespeichers oder mittels der mehreren ersten Energiespeicher) wird überwacht. Ein zweiter Energiespeicher wird zur Energieversorgung des Spannungsnetzes (vorteilhafterweise nur dann) hinzugeschaltet, wenn bei dieser Überwachung erkannt wird, dass die Energieversorgung des Spannungsnetzes über den mindestens einen ersten Energiespeicher gestört ist.In the context of the present invention, a method for supplying power to a vehicle is provided. In this case, the voltage network of the vehicle by a first energy storage or by several first energy storage with Voltage supplied. An energy supply of the voltage network by means of the at least one first energy store (ie by means of the first energy store or by means of the first plurality of energy stores) is monitored. A second energy store is connected to the power supply of the voltage network (advantageously only then), if it is detected in this monitoring that the power supply of the voltage network is disturbed via the at least one first energy storage.
Wenn es sich bei dem Spannungsnetz um das Niedervoltnetz eines Fahrzeugs handelt und wenn die ersten Energiespeicher sowohl einen Hochvolt-Energiespeicher als auch einen Niedervolt-Energiespeicher umfassen, kann der Niedervolt-Energiespeicher für den Normalbetrieb ein sehr viel kleinerer Energiespeicher mit einem sehr viel kleineren Energiegehalt sein, als dies heutzutage nach dem Stand der Technik der Fall ist. Dies ist dem Umstand geschuldet, dass der Niedervolt-Energiespeicher nur den Spitzenstrom abdecken muss, da er sich um den Fehlerfall, dass das Spannungsnetz bzw. Niedervoltnetz nicht mehr mit Spannung versorgt wird, nicht zu kümmern braucht. Entweder wird das Niedervoltnetz (und damit auch der Niedervolt-Energiespeicher) durch den Hochvolt-Energiespeicher über einen Gleichspannungswandler mit Spannung versorgt oder, wenn diese Energieversorgung mittels des Hochvolt-Energiespeichers gestört ist, dann wird das Niedervoltnetz von dem zweiten Energiespeicher mit Spannung versorgt. Auch der zweite Energiespeicher kann, zumindest wenn er nur im Notfall eingesetzt wird, sehr klein und preiswert ausgelegt werden, da er dann beispielsweise nicht wiederaufladbar sein muss oder zumindest nicht für so viele Ladezyklen wie der normalerweise eingesetzte Niedervolt-Energiespeicher ausgelegt sein muss.If the voltage network is the low-voltage network of a vehicle and if the first energy store comprises both a high-voltage energy store and a low-voltage energy store, the low-voltage energy store for normal operation can be a much smaller energy store with a much smaller energy content , as is the case today in the state of the art. This is due to the fact that the low-voltage energy storage only needs to cover the peak current, since it does not need to worry about the fault that the voltage or low-voltage network is no longer supplied with power. Either the low-voltage network (and thus also the low-voltage energy storage) is powered by the high-voltage energy storage via a DC-DC converter or if this energy supply is disturbed by the high-voltage energy storage, then the low-voltage network is powered by the second energy storage. Also, the second energy storage can, at least if it is used only in an emergency, are designed to be very small and inexpensive, since he then, for example, does not have to be rechargeable or at least not designed for as many charging cycles as the normally used low-voltage energy storage.
Die Energieversorgung des Spannungsnetzes durch den mindestens einen ersten Energiespeicher gilt insbesondere dann als gestört, wenn die Energieversorgung des Niedervoltnetzes durch den Hochvolt-Energiespeicher gestört ist. Dies ist beispielsweise dann der Fall, wenn der Hochvolt-Energiespeicher oder der Gleichspannungswandler einen Defekt aufweist.The power supply of the voltage network through the at least one first energy storage is particularly disturbed when the power supply of the low-voltage network is disturbed by the high-voltage energy storage. This is the case, for example, when the high-voltage energy store or the DC-DC converter has a defect.
Erfindungsgemäß ist es auch möglich, dass zumindest ein Teil (besser alle) von dem Spannungsnetz versorgten Verbraucher, welche keine sicherheitsrelevanten Funktionen des Fahrzeugs ausüben, deaktiviert werden, wenn erfasst wird, dass die Energieversorgung des Spannungsnetzes mittels des mindestens einen ersten Energiespeichers gestört ist. Diese Deaktivierung betrifft insbesondere die vom Niedervoltnetz versorgten Verbraucher und dient der Reduzierung des notwendigen elektrischen Energieverbrauchs. Je geringer dieser notwendige elektrische Energieverbrauch ist, desto geringer kann die von dem zweiten Energiespeicher zu speichernde elektrische Ladung sein.According to the invention, it is also possible for at least a part (better all) of consumers supplied by the voltage network, which do not exercise safety-relevant functions of the vehicle, to be deactivated when it is detected that the power supply of the voltage network is disturbed by means of the at least one first energy store. This deactivation concerns in particular the consumers supplied by the low-voltage network and serves to reduce the necessary electrical energy consumption. The smaller this necessary electrical energy consumption, the lower the electric charge to be stored by the second energy store can be.
Ein Verbraucher sollte auch im Notfall, wenn eine Störung der Energieversorgung durch den mindestens einen ersten Energiespeicher (insbesondere Hochvolt-Energiespeicher) erfasst wird, weiterhin mit Spannung versorgt werden, wenn er eine sicherheitsrelevante Funktionen für das Fahrzeug ausübt. Folgende Funktionen werden insbesondere als sicherheitsrelevant eingestuft:
- • Eine Unterstützung einer elektromechanischen Lenkung des Fahrzeugs.
- • Eine Unterstützung eines Bremskraftverstärkers des Fahrzeugs.
- • Eine Beleuchtungsfunktion (insbesondere eine Warnblinkerfunktion) des Fahrzeugs.
- • A support of an electromechanical steering of the vehicle.
- • A support of a brake booster of the vehicle.
- • A lighting function (in particular a hazard warning function) of the vehicle.
Im Rahmen der vorliegenden Erfindung wird auch eine Vorrichtung zur Spannungsversorgung eines Fahrzeugs bereitgestellt. Dabei umfasst die Vorrichtung einen ersten Energiespeicher oder mehrere erste Energiespeicher, um ein Spannungsnetz des Fahrzeugs mit Spannung zu versorgen. Darüber hinaus umfasst die Vorrichtung eine Steuerung und einen zweiten Energiespeicher, welcher zur Energieversorgung des Spannungsnetzes hinzugeschaltet werden kann. Die Steuerung ist derart ausgestaltet, dass sie die Energieversorgung des Spannungsnetzes durch den ersten Energiespeicher oder durch die ersten Energiespeicher überwacht. Wenn die Steuerung bei dieser Überwachung erfasst, dass die Energieversorgung des Spannungsnetzes durch den mindestens einen ersten Energiespeicher gestört ist, schaltet die Steuerung den zweiten Energiespeicher zur Energieversorgung des Spannungsnetzes hinzu.In the context of the present invention, a device for supplying power to a vehicle is also provided. In this case, the device comprises a first energy store or a plurality of first energy stores in order to supply a voltage network of the vehicle with voltage. In addition, the device comprises a controller and a second energy store, which can be connected to the power supply of the voltage network. The controller is configured such that it monitors the energy supply of the voltage network through the first energy store or through the first energy store. If the controller detects in this monitoring that the power supply of the voltage network is disturbed by the at least one first energy store, the controller switches the second energy store to the power supply of the voltage network.
Die Vorteile der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung entsprechen im Wesentlichen den Vorteilen des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens, welche vorab im Detail ausgeführt sind, so dass hier auf eine Wiederholung verzichtet wird.The advantages of the device according to the invention essentially correspond to the advantages of the method according to the invention, which are carried out in advance in detail, so that a repetition is dispensed with here.
Die Vorrichtung kann auch einen Gleichspannungswandler umfassen, mittels welchem der zweite Energiespeicher mit dem Spannungsnetz verbunden werden kann.The device may also include a DC-DC converter, by means of which the second energy store can be connected to the voltage network.
Indem der zweite Energiespeicher über einen Gleichspannungswandler mit dem Spannungsnetz in Verbindung steht, können vorteilhafterweise auch Energiespeicher-Typen, wie beispielsweise Doppelschichtkondensatoren (DLCs (”Double Layer Capacitor”)), als zweiter Energiespeicher oder Notfall-Energiespeicher eingesetzt werden.By the second energy storage is connected via a DC-DC converter with the voltage network, advantageously also energy storage types, such as double-layer capacitors (DLCs ("Double Layer Capacitor")), as a second energy storage or emergency energy storage can be used.
Darüber hinaus ist es erfindungsgemäß möglich, dass die Vorrichtung ein Dämpfungselement umfasst, mittels welchem der zweite Energiespeicher mit dem Spannungsnetz verbunden wird. Dieses Dämpfungselement ist zur Dämpfung von Spannungsspitzen und Stromspitzen des Spannungsnetzes ausgestaltet.Moreover, it is possible according to the invention that the device comprises a damping element, by means of which the second energy store is connected to the voltage network. This Damping element is designed for damping voltage peaks and current peaks of the voltage network.
Indem der zweite Energiespeicher vorteilhafterweise über das Dämpfungselement mit dem Spannungsnetz in Verbindung steht, muss der zweite Energiespeicher nur zur Bewältigung von geringen Strom- und/oder Spannungsspitzen ausgelegt sein, da höhere Strom- und/oder Spannungsspitzen von dem Dämpfungselement entsprechend gedämpft werden. Solche Strom- und/oder Spannungsspitzen treten beispielsweise auf, wenn Verbraucher, welche von dem Spannungsnetz versorgt werden, eingeschaltet oder ausgeschaltet werden.Since the second energy store is advantageously connected to the voltage network via the damping element, the second energy store only has to be designed to cope with low current and / or voltage peaks, since higher current and / or voltage peaks are correspondingly damped by the damping element. Such current and / or voltage peaks occur, for example, when consumers, which are supplied by the power supply, are turned on or off.
Bei einer bevorzugten erfindungsgemäßen Ausführungsform umfasst die Vorrichtung einen Schalter, über welchen der zweite Energiespeicher mit dem Spannungsnetz verbunden oder von diesem getrennt werden kann. Wenn die Steuerung erfasst, dass die Energieversorgung des Spannungsnetzes durch den mindestens einen ersten Energiespeicher gestört ist, schaltet die Steuerung den Schalter derart, dass der zweite Energiespeicher mit dem Spannungsnetz verbunden ist. Dagegen wird der zweite Energiespeicher im Normalbetrieb (d. h. der mindestens eine erste Energiespeicher versorgt das Spannungsnetz mit Energie) durch den Schalter im Regelfall vom Spannungsnetz getrennt.In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the device comprises a switch, via which the second energy store can be connected to the voltage network or separated from it. If the controller detects that the power supply of the voltage network is disturbed by the at least one first energy store, the controller switches the switch such that the second energy store is connected to the power grid. By contrast, in normal operation (ie the at least one first energy store supplies the voltage network with energy), the second energy store is normally disconnected from the voltage supply by the switch.
Dadurch ist der zweite Energiespeicher vorteilhafterweise nur im Fehlerfall (d. h. bei einer Störung der Energieversorgung des Spannungsnetzes durch den mindestens einen ersten Energiespeicher) mit dem Spannungsnetz verbunden. Wenn ein solcher Fehlerfall nur selten auftritt, kann als zweiter Energiespeicher auch ein preiswerter Einmal-Energiespeicher (z. B. ein nicht aufladbarer Energiespeicher) eingesetzt werden.As a result, the second energy store is advantageously connected to the voltage network only in the event of a fault (that is, in the event of a fault in the power supply of the voltage network through the at least one first energy store). If such an error occurs only rarely, can be used as a second energy storage and a low-cost disposable energy storage (eg, a non-rechargeable energy storage).
Schließlich wird im Rahmen der vorliegenden Erfindung ein Fahrzeug bereitgestellt, welches eine erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung umfasst.Finally, in the context of the present invention, a vehicle is provided, which comprises a device according to the invention.
Die vorliegende Erfindung ist insbesondere für Fahrzeuge geeignet, welche zum Antrieb einen Elektromotor umfassen, also beispielsweise für Elektrofahrzeuge oder Hybridfahrzeug. Selbstverständlich ist die vorliegende Erfindung nicht auf diesen bevorzugten Anwendungsbereich beschränkt, da die vorliegende Erfindung prinzipiell auch bei Fahrzeugen ohne Elektromotor zum Antrieb oder auch bei Schiffen, Flugzeugen und gleisgebundenen oder spurgeführten Fahrzeugen einsetzbar ist. Darüber hinaus ist auch der Einsatz der vorliegenden Erfindung außerhalb eines Fortbewegungsmittels, beispielsweise im Haushalt zur Spannungsversorgung wichtiger Komponenten, denkbar.The present invention is particularly suitable for vehicles which comprise an electric motor for driving, that is, for example, for electric vehicles or hybrid vehicles. Of course, the present invention is not limited to this preferred field of application, since the present invention can be used in principle for vehicles without electric motor for propulsion or even in ships, aircraft and track-bound or track-guided vehicles. In addition, the use of the present invention outside of a means of transport, for example in the household to power important components, conceivable.
Im Folgenden wird die vorliegende Erfindung anhand von erfindungsgemäßen Ausführungsformen mit Bezug zu den Figuren im Detail beschrieben.In the following, the present invention will be described in detail by means of embodiments according to the invention with reference to the figures.
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Wie bereits vorab mit Bezug zu
Allerdings sollte auch in diesem Fall die Energieversorgung des Niedervoltnetzes
Für die Auslegung eines oder mehrerer Energiespeicher für das Niedervoltnetz
Zur Erfüllung des ersten Kriteriums (im Normalbetrieb abzudeckender Spitzenstrom) wird nur ein Energiespeicher mit geringem Energiegehalt benötigt, welcher vor allem in der Lage ist, kurzzeitige hohe Spitzenströme auszugleichen. Das zweite Kriterium (Deckung des Energiebedarfs zur Überführung in den sicheren Fahrzeugzustand) erfordert jedoch einen Energiespeicher mit einem höheren Energiegehalt. Da der Niedervolt-Energiespeicher nach dem Stand der Technik beide Kriterien erfüllt, weist er nachteiligerweise ein hohes Gewicht sowie einen hohen Platzbedarf auf und ist sowohl in der Herstellung als auch hinsichtlich seiner Wartungskosten teuer.In order to meet the first criterion (peak current to be covered in normal operation), only an energy store with a low energy content is required, which, above all, is able to compensate for short-term high peak currents. However, the second criterion (meeting energy needs for safe-to-vehicle conversion) requires energy storage with a higher energy content. Since the low-voltage energy storage according to the prior art meets both criteria, it disadvantageously has a high weight and a high space requirement and is expensive both in terms of production and as regards its maintenance costs.
Die Grundidee der vorliegenden Erfindung ist nun, zwei Energiespeicher zur Energieversorgung des Niedervoltnetzes
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Darüber hinaus steht die Steuerung
Da der Niedervolt-Energiespeicher
Des Weiteren ist es denkbar, die Steuerung
Der Energiegehalt des Notenergiespeichers
Es sei darauf hingewiesen, dass es erfindungsgemäß ebenfalls möglich ist, dass mehr als ein Notenergiespeicher vorhanden ist. Durch jeden weiteren Notenergiespeicher entsteht eine zusätzliche Redundanz, wodurch die Gesamtsystemausfallsicherheit weiter erhöht wird. Sind mehrere Notenergiespeicher vorhanden, so kann beispielsweise einer oder mehrere dieser Notenergiespeicher auch dann zugeschaltet werden, wenn im Normalbetrieb der Niedervolt-Energiespeicher
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Durch den Einsatz eines Gleichspannungswandlers zur Ankopplung des Notenergiespeichers
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Schließlich zeigt
Die vorliegende Erfindung weist folgende Vorteile auf:
- • Das Vorhandensein eines Notenergiespeichers reduziert das Gesamtgewicht, das Gesamtvolumen und die Gesamtkosten zur Spannungsversorgung eines Niedervoltnetzes in einem Fahrzeug.
- • Das Vorhandensein eines Notenergiespeichers erhöht die Gesamtsystemausfallsicherheit des Fahrzeugs.
- • Je nach Einsatzart des Notenergiespeichers (wird nur im Notfall zugeschaltet oder ist mittels eines Gleichspannungswandlers zugeschaltet) kann im Vergleich zum normalen Niedervolt-Energiespeicher ein sehr preisgünstiger Energiespeicher eingesetzt werden.
- • Je nach Art des eingesetzten Notenergiespeichers können auch die Wartungskosten entsprechend gesenkt werden.
- • The presence of a note energy memory reduces the total weight, the total volume and the total cost of supplying power to a low-voltage network in a vehicle.
- • The presence of a note energy storage increases the overall system reliability of the vehicle.
- • Depending on the nature of the note energy storage (is only switched on in an emergency or is switched by means of a DC-DC converter) can be used in comparison to the normal low-voltage energy storage a very low-cost energy storage.
- • Depending on the type of used energy memory and the maintenance costs can be reduced accordingly.
ZITATE ENTHALTEN IN DER BESCHREIBUNG QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION
Diese Liste der vom Anmelder aufgeführten Dokumente wurde automatisiert erzeugt und ist ausschließlich zur besseren Information des Lesers aufgenommen. Die Liste ist nicht Bestandteil der deutschen Patent- bzw. Gebrauchsmusteranmeldung. Das DPMA übernimmt keinerlei Haftung für etwaige Fehler oder Auslassungen.This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.
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- EP 1366948 A1 [0006] EP 1366948 A1 [0006]
- DE 10220939 A1 [0007] DE 10220939 A1 [0007]
- EP 1360090 B1 [0008] EP 1360090 B1 [0008]
- DE 10305058 B3 [0009] DE 10305058 B3 [0009]
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DE102014215615A1 (en) * | 2014-08-07 | 2016-02-11 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft | On-board network for supplying a starter motor for a vehicle with a hybrid drive |
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DE102013206299A1 (en) * | 2013-04-10 | 2014-04-10 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Multi-voltage on-board network e.g. dual-voltage on-board network for use in motor vehicle, has electrical machine that is switchable between sub-networks, and is integrated in parallel with direct current (DC)-DC converter |
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DE102017212659A1 (en) * | 2017-07-24 | 2019-01-24 | Audi Ag | Method for operating an electrical overall on-board network, control unit and motor vehicle |
DE102017221313A1 (en) * | 2017-11-28 | 2019-05-29 | Audi Ag | Electrical system for a motor vehicle and motor vehicle with such an electrical system |
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DE102017221313B4 (en) | 2017-11-28 | 2024-06-27 | Audi Ag | Electrical system for a motor vehicle and motor vehicle with such an electrical system |
DE102018218771A1 (en) * | 2018-11-02 | 2020-05-07 | Continental Teves Ag & Co. Ohg | Energy budgeting method and control unit |
KR102407615B1 (en) | 2018-11-12 | 2022-06-10 | 도요타 지도샤(주) | Autonomous driving device module mounting structure and autonomous driving electric vehicle |
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EP3650280A1 (en) * | 2018-11-12 | 2020-05-13 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | Autonomous driving device module mounting structure and autonomous driving electric vehicle |
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DE102019209280A1 (en) * | 2019-06-26 | 2020-12-31 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Vehicle and method for operating a vehicle |
DE102019209476A1 (en) * | 2019-06-28 | 2020-12-31 | Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft | Method for charging a high-voltage battery of an electric drive of a vehicle, as well as an energy transmission system for a vehicle |
US11945321B2 (en) | 2019-06-28 | 2024-04-02 | Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft | Method for charging a high-voltage battery of an electric drive of a vehicle, and power transmission system for a vehicle |
US11999307B2 (en) | 2020-05-20 | 2024-06-04 | Ningbo Geely Automobile Research & Development Co. | Vehicle power supply system |
DE102020118861A1 (en) | 2020-07-16 | 2022-01-20 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft | On-board network, device and method for supplying energy to a sub-network of an on-board network |
CN113665499A (en) * | 2021-08-31 | 2021-11-19 | 中国第一汽车股份有限公司 | Electric automobile energy management system and control method |
WO2023099152A1 (en) * | 2021-12-01 | 2023-06-08 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft | Method for controlling an on-board power supply system for a motor vehicle, on-board power supply system and motor vehicle |
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