DE102011000867A1 - Support system for fixing solar modules at flat roof, has base support, which is formed as section that is extended in longitudinal direction, where fixing adaptors are arranged in modular dimensions - Google Patents

Abstract

The support system (1) has a base support (30), which is formed as a section that is extended in longitudinal direction. Fixing adaptors (40) are arranged in modular dimensions. A sealing foil (50) is provided with two inter sections, which are arranged in the modular dimensions. Fixing elements are designed as bolts or rivets. An independent claim is also included for a mounting method for mounting a support system.

Description

TECHNICAL AREA

The invention relates to carrier systems for solar modules, in particular carrier systems for solar modules on a flat roof, wherein the carrier system comprises a base support, at least two fasteners and a sealing film. The base support is formed substantially as an elongated rail extending in a longitudinal direction. The fasteners are secured to and extend from the base, the fasteners each having a first end facing the base and a second end facing away from the base. Furthermore, the invention relates to assembly methods for mounting a carrier system, in particular a carrier system mentioned above.

STATE OF THE ART

In order to attach a solar module to a roof, for example on a flat roof, a carrier system with a carrier rail is generally used, on which the modules are placed and fastened by means of a fastening element. The modules may have special frames for this purpose.

The carrier system is fastened to the flat roof, in particular to the trapezoidal sheet metal. Thus, the solar module is arranged raised above the roof or the roof foil, which forms the water-bearing plane. The carrier may be surrounded by and sealed in a suitable foil so that penetrations generated in the roof foil are protected from ingress of water.

During installation, the carrier rails are arranged on the roof foil and fastened to the roof substructure. In this case, penetrations are produced in the roof foil. Subsequently, a sealing film must be attached to the carriers. This is usually on site, d. H. at the construction site, cut to size, laid over the carrier rails and then welded to the roof foil.

In addition, it may be necessary to provide the sealing film with suitable penetrations prior to attachment to the carrier rail, for example when components arranged on the carrier rail, such as fastening means or adapters, are intended to project outward through the sealing film.

This work is relatively complex and error-prone, especially the cutting and attaching the cover. The creation of the penetrations in the correct position proves to be difficult. For example, rework may be necessary if the cut-outs are incorrectly cut or the spacing is incorrect, or a new cover foil must be applied. Failure to attach the cover film and openings may cause water to enter under the cover sheet and then through the penetrations in the roof sheet into the roof structure. This can lead to major damage to the entire roof structure.

OBJECT OF THE INVENTION

Proceeding from this, an object of the invention is to provide a carrier system and a mounting method, which allow a simpler and more reliable installation of solar modules on flat roofs.

TECHNICAL SOLUTION

The above objects of the invention are achieved by a carrier system according to claim 1 and by a mounting method according to claim 8. Advantageous embodiments of the invention will become apparent from the features of the dependent claims.

A carrier system according to the invention for fastening solar modules to a flat roof comprises: a base carrier, which is designed as a profile extending in a longitudinal direction; at least two fasteners secured to and extending from the base, the fasteners each having a first end facing the base and a second end facing away from the base; and a sealing film. The mounting adapters are arranged in a grid, and the sealing film has at least two penetrations, which are arranged in a grid that corresponds to the pitch of the mounting adapter.

The base support is usually designed as an elongate component, in particular as a rail, and has a longitudinal direction accordingly. The base support may be a (wood) screed, a metal beam or a bar element with any profile. As already known, the carrier can be fixed by screwing on the roof.

The fasteners (or mounting adapters) are aligned in a longitudinal direction (of the mounting adapter), so extend away from the base support and accordingly have a first end and a second end. The first end is directed to the base support and the second end is opposite the first end. The first end may be directly connected to the base support, but it is also possible that it is a joint, a spacer or general an intermediate piece connected to the basic carrier. A direct connection can be made for example by means of screwing, welding, plugging, latching, sliding, gluing, riveting and / or an integral construction.

Finally, one or more solar modules are attached to the attachment adapters. Compressive forces due to the weight of the solar modules are derived via the mounting adapter on a line attachment, namely on the base support, and distributed to the roof or roof structure, in addition, the fire and static requirements are met.

The sealing film is located above the base support and has at least two penetrations, which are arranged in a certain grid or relative to each other. For this purpose, the fastening adapters are also arranged within the grid dimension or ratio to each other on the base support, so that the mounting adapter are arranged to each other so that they protrude at least partially through the penetrations of the sealing film. If, for example, four penetrations are arranged in a pitch of α, the sealing film can thus be intended for four fastening adapters spaced one α apart or for two fastening adapters spaced two α apart. Similarly, different grid dimensions can be provided. Thus, the sealing film is disposed in the region of the base carrier between the base support and the second end of the mounting adapter.

By this invention, it is possible, the base support with the mounting adapters and the sealing film with the penetrations in advance, d. H. work on the jobsite before work, which makes work easier, faster assembly and more precise production, as well as secure attachment. In addition, a series production of the components is possible. The penetrations of the sealing film can be made, for example, during manufacture, in the warehouse or in a workshop. For this purpose, among other things, a freely selected distance measure or a fixed pitch for the penetrations can be applied to each other. In particular, with a fixed pitch, the mounting adapter can easily and quickly attach to the base support to the penetrations of the sealing film, which can be further promoted by the use of a template. In this way, the time-consuming and error-prone production of the film penetrations at the correct distance no longer has to be carried out on the construction site.

The sealing film can cover at least the base support and its attachment points, so that ingress of water is prevented. The running below the base support roof structure or roof foil, forms a water-bearing plane. Since the sealing film is located above the water-bearing plane, water from the sealing film on the water-bearing plane and from this further, for example to a gully, so that penetration of water is prevented in the penetrations.

The fasteners may be formed as bolts or rivets. The fastening adapters can be designed for attaching the sealing film.

The fastening elements have, in particular, a thread for fastening the sealing film by means of a screw element, in particular a nut, on the base carrier. They may also include a thread at the first end and / or at the second end, wherein the thread at the first end for attachment to the base support and the thread at the second end for fixing a solar module can be used. It can also be provided that at the second end a nut is screwed with or without a washer to ensure additional sealing, fastening and securing the sealing film. For this purpose, an additional washer can be additionally used on the fastening adapter below the sealing film.

The mounting adapter may further be designed as a screw, so that the mounting adapter is bolted to the insulation layer and the roof. Thus, inter alia, can be dispensed with an attachment of the base support.

The cross-sectional area of the penetrations preferably corresponds to the cross section of the fastening elements. In this context, the penetrations can also be designed to be slightly larger, so that a secure and easy attachment of the sealing film on the mounting adapters and their passage is ensured by the penetrations. In addition, a backup and compensation in terms of voltages and manufacturing tolerances are given.

It could also be useful to dimension the penetrations slightly smaller. Although the assembly of the sealing film is more powerful, but increased tightness can be achieved by the smallest possible gap between the sealing film and the second end of the mounting adapter. The sealing film may have a reinforced edge at the penetrations and, after the attachment of the sealing film to the attachment adapters, comprise an upwardly drawn edge, so as to prevent ingress of water is further counteracted by the downwardly inclined outer surface. Water can thus flow on this outer surface on the outer surface of the sealing film and further on the roof or the roof liner. For this purpose, the sealing film may have elastic properties in the area of the penetrations.

The sealing film is preferably designed to be provided at the installation site with pre-fabricated penetrations in the grid. As already mentioned, the penetrations of the sealing film can be made in advance, ie. H. are made in a workshop or during manufacture, so that the sealing film is provided as a prefabricated film at the installation site. It is particularly advantageous if the penetrations are arranged in the grid.

The sealing film covers in particular the base carrier, wherein the fastening elements protrude through in each case one of the penetrations.

• a) Bereitstellen eines Grundträgers mit wenigstens zwei Befestigungselementen;
• b) Bereitstellen einer Abdichtfolie mit wenigstens zwei Durchdringungen;
• c) Anbringen des Grundträgers an einem Dach; und
• d) Anbringen der Abdichtfolie am Grundträger, wobei die Befestigungsadapter jeweils durch eine der Durchdringungen hindurchgeführt werden.

An inventive assembly method for mounting a carrier system, in particular a carrier system as described above, comprises at least the steps:

• a) providing a base carrier with at least two fastening elements;
• b) providing a sealing film having at least two penetrations;
• c) attaching the base support to a roof; and
• d) attaching the sealing film to the base support, wherein the fastening adapter are each passed through one of the penetrations.

The sealing film in step b) is provided with prefabricated penetrations at the installation site.

• a) Bereitstellen eines Grundträgers mit wenigstens zwei Befestigungselementen;
• b) Bereitstellen einer Abdichtfolie mit wenigstens zwei Durchdringungen; und
• c) Anbringen der Abdichtfolie am Grundträger, wobei die Befestigungsadapter jeweils durch eine der Durchdringungen hindurchgeführt werden.

Another mounting method according to the invention for mounting a carrier system, in particular a carrier system as described above, comprises at least the steps:

• a) providing a base carrier with at least two fastening elements;
• b) providing a sealing film having at least two penetrations; and
• c) attaching the sealing film to the base support, wherein the fastening adapter are each passed through one of the penetrations.

The base carrier and the sealing film are provided as a prefabricated unit at the installation site.

The base support, for example, with a screw or by gluing or welding the flat roof, in particular at the upper cross sections of a trapezoidal roof, perpendicular to its course, mounted and the mounting adapter can be arranged in a certain pitch or in a certain relationship to each other on the base support.

The sealing film is prefabricated with at least two penetrations, d. h., the penetrations are made before the components are placed on the flat roof. Thus, as already mentioned above, a simple, quick and convenient installation of a carrier system can be carried out here as well. In particular, the use of penetrations in a grid allows for an individual insertion of the sealing film to various objects; It only need the mounting adapter also be mounted in the grid or relation to each other.

Due to the prefabricated penetrations on the sealing film, these can be produced independently of time. It must be known only the grid or the ratio. Thus, the elaborate production of the penetrations, for example, carried out in a warehouse and then the finished sealing film are installed on site at the site on the support system to complete.

• e) Wasserdichte Befestigung der Abdichtfolie (50) an einer Auflagefläche des Dachs.

The assembly method preferably comprises a further step:

• e) Waterproof fastening of the sealing film ( 50 ) on a support surface of the roof.

An embodiment of the mounting system may provide that the sealing film covers the base carrier. Thus, a complete coverage of the areas that could possibly cause a leak in the roof realized and prevents ingress of water. To additionally enhance the sealing, the sealing film with a roof liner, which usually runs below the base support, tight, z. B. by welding or gluing, be connected.

The pre-assembled line attachment can fulfill both the function of the roof foil fixing as well as the attachment of technical components to the flat roof. The attachment function is fulfilled by the provision of adapters, threaded bolts, rivet joints, by cut threads in a bar profile, etc. For the attachment of the base support on the sub-roof or substructure holes may be provided in the base support. Through a hole, a fixing screw can be inserted or their shank performed to secure the base support to the roof substructure. The holes can be provided, for example, as pre-punched holes in the body.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

Further features and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the following description of preferred embodiments with reference to the figures. Show it:

1 a side view of a carrier system according to the invention;

2 a plan view of the carrier system 1 in a schematic decomposed representation; and

3 a partially enlarged schematic representation of another carrier system according to the invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

The 1 and 2 show a representation of a carrier system according to the invention 1 according to a first embodiment of the invention.

On a trapezoid roof 10 are a bottom roof sheet 21 , an insulating layer 22 and an upper roof sheet 23 arranged so that the insulating layer 22 between the lower roof foil 21 and the top roof sheet 23 located.

The carrier system 1 is on the top roof sheet 23 placed on top and comprises a basic carrier 30 , six mounting adapters 40 and a sealing film. The basic carrier 30 is in an elongated shape and designed here as an elongated rail or screed. The basic carrier 30 is doing so on the top roof sheet 23 perpendicular or transverse to the orientation B of the trapezoidal roof 10 arranged. The basic carrier 30 is by means of fastening screws 31 on the trapezoidal roof 10 fastened, leaving the fixing screws through the base support 30 , the top roof sheet 23 , the insulating layer 22 , and the bottom roof sheet 21 up to the trapezoidal roof 10 penetrate.

On top of the main body 30 are several mounting adapters 40 for example, by welding, gluing, plugging or screws attached. The mounting adapters 40 are elongated, with a first end 44 of the mounting adapter 40 to the basic carrier 10 and a second end 45 from the ground support 10 is directed away, so that the longitudinal direction C of the mounting adapter 40 perpendicular to the top of the basic carrier 10 is aligned. While the first end 44 with the basic carrier 10 is connected, has the second free end of the mounting adapter 40 an external thread 41 on.

A sealing foil 50 extends over the basic carrier 10 and covers it. The sealing foil 50 has six penetrations in this embodiment 52 in a pitch α-α-β-α-φ. The cross-sectional area or the diameter of the penetrations 52 corresponds to the cross-sectional area or the diameter of the mounting adapter 40 , In addition, the grid corresponds to the mounting adapter 40 the pitch of the penetrations 52 α-α-β-α-φ, so that the sealing film 50 precisely fitting over the base support 30 can be arranged so that the mounting adapter 40 each through the penetrations 52 can be passed through.

The penetrations 52 can on the sealing film 50 be prefabricated, for example, in the production of the sealing film 50 or in an assembly hall. The sealing foil 50 finally, at the installation site (the roof) fits the carrier system accurately 1 attached. However, it can also be units from basic carrier 10 and attached sealing film 50 be provided at the installation site.

To secure the sealing film 50 at the base carrier 10 are in this embodiment on each mounting adapter 40 one washer each 42 and a mother 43 provided so that the sealing film 50 at the base carrier 30 or on the mounting adapter 40 can be attached and sealed. So that the basic carrier 30 waterproof "packaged" is the surface of the cover 50 so dimensioned that lateral strips of the cover foil up to the roof foil 23 rich and rest there. The cover foil 50 is in the area of the lateral strips lying over a weld 51 with the upper roof foil 23 waterproof connected.

The upper roof foil 23 is basically as the water-bearing foil on the trapezoidal roof 10 set to prevent ingress of water into the trapezoidal roof 10 For example, at the positions of the mounting screws 31 , to prevent. For this reason, the height level of the surface of the base beam must / should be 10 be provided so that water from the sealing film 50 on the upper roof foil 23 can drain away.

According to the embodiment of the 1 and 2 is the cross-sectional area of the mounting adapter 40 and the penetrations 52 circular. However, it is also conceivable, other types of adapters with other cross-sections, such. B. triangular, square, n-square or oval, to use. The size of the cross-sectional area of the penetrations 50 is equal to or slightly larger than the cross-sectional area of the fastening bolts 40 , allowing easy attachment of the sealing film 50 on the fastening bolts 40 is possible.

The 3 represents a further embodiment of the invention. In this case, a carrier system 1 on a trapezoid roof 10 arranged and comprises, similar to the carrier system 1 from the 1 and 2 , a basic body 30 that about fixing screws 31 with the trapezoidal roof 10 connected, mounting adapter 40 and a sealing film 50 ,

The exemplary mounting adapter 40 is with the main body 30 connected, is in its longitudinal extent perpendicular to the body 30 gone and has a first end 44 and a second end 45 , The first end 44 is with the main body 30 connected, the second end 45 is from the main body 30 away.

The sealing foil 50 is above the main body 30 arranged and has a penetration 52 on. In this figure, only one area of the sealing film is 50 with a penetration 52 represented, wherein according to the invention several penetrations 52 on the entire sealing film 50 are provided. The cross-sectional area of the penetration 52 here is smaller than the cross-sectional area of the second end 45 of the mounting adapter 40 , so that when coating the sealing film 50 over the main body 30 or when passing through the mounting adapter 40 through the penetration 52 the penetration edge 53 cratered up to the second end 45 pulls out. Thus, the penetration 52 in the area of the mounting adapter 40 almost completely sealed against the ingress of moisture. This can be promoted and enhanced by the use of certain flexible or elastic materials, in particular plastic films. Additional sealing means (not shown) can provide an even more complete seal.

Also, this embodiment of the sealing film 50 can already in advance, z. B. during manufacture or in an assembly hall, prepared and manufactured and then used at the site with little time.

Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the accompanying embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to these embodiments, but rather modifications or changes according to the appended claims, the changes by different combination of individual features shown can also be done by omitting individual features. In particular, any combination of individual illustrated features is encompassed by the invention.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

carrier system

10

trapezoidal roof

21

Lower roof foil

22

damp course

23

Upper roof foil

30

base support

31

fixing screw

40

mounting adapter

41

external thread

42

washer

43

mother

44

First end

45

Second end

50

sealing film

51

Weld

52

penetration

53

Durchdringungsrand 53

A

longitudinal direction

B

longitudinal direction

C

longitudinal direction

Claims (9)

Carrier system ( 1 ) for fixing solar modules to a flat roof, comprising: a base support ( 30 ) formed as a longitudinally extending profile; at least two fastening elements ( 40 ) at the base ( 30 ) and extending therefrom, the fastening elements ( 40 ) each have a first end ( 44 ) facing the base support ( 30 ) and a second end ( 45 ), which is the basic body ( 30 ) is turned away; and a sealing film ( 50 ), characterized in that the fastening adapter ( 40 ) are arranged in a grid, and the sealing film ( 50 ) at least two interpenetrations ( 52 ), which are arranged in a grid that the grid spacing of the mounting adapter ( 40 ) corresponds. Carrier system ( 1 ) according to claim 1, characterized in that the fastening elements ( 40 ) are designed as bolts or rivets. Carrier system ( 1 ) according to claim 2, characterized in that the fastening elements ( 40 ) a thread ( 41 ) for fixing the sealing film ( 50 ) by means of a screw, in particular a nut ( 43 ), at the base ( 30 ) exhibit. Carrier system ( 1 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the cross-sectional area of the penetrations ( 52 ) the cross-section of the fasteners ( 40 ) corresponds. Carrier system ( 1 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the sealing film ( 50 ) for on-site deployment with prefabricated penetrations ( 52 ) is formed in grid. Carrier system ( 1 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the sealing film ( 50 ) the basic carrier ( 30 ), wherein the fastening elements ( 40 ) by one of the penetrations ( 52 protrude through. Mounting method for mounting a carrier system ( 1 ), in particular a carrier system ( 1 ) according to any one of claims 1 to 6, comprising the steps of: f) providing a basic carrier ( 30 ) with at least two fastening elements ( 40 ); g) providing a sealing film ( 50 ) with at least two interpenetrations ( 52 ); h) mounting the basic carrier ( 30 ) on a roof; and i) attaching the sealing film ( 50 ) on the base support ( 30 ), with the mounting adapter ( 40 ) each through one of the penetrations ( 52 ) are passed; characterized in that the sealing film ( 50 ) in step b) with prefabricated penetrations ( 52 ) is provided at the installation site. Mounting method for mounting a carrier system ( 1 ), in particular a carrier system ( 1 ) according to any one of claims 1 to 6, comprising the steps of: a) providing a base carrier ( 30 ) with at least two fastening elements ( 40 ); b) providing a sealing film ( 50 ) with at least two interpenetrations ( 52 ); and c) attaching the sealing film ( 50 ) on the base support ( 30 ), with the mounting adapter ( 40 ) each through one of the penetrations ( 52 ) are passed; characterized in that the base support ( 30 ) and the sealing film ( 50 ) are provided as a prefabricated unit at the installation site. Mounting method according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that the mounting method comprises a further step: j) waterproof fastening of the sealing film ( 50 ) on a support surface of the roof.

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