DE102010036749A1 - Method for reducing deposits in boilers, involves inserting fresh water in combustion chamber, particularly in proximity of boiler tube during current operation - Google Patents
Method for reducing deposits in boilers, involves inserting fresh water in combustion chamber, particularly in proximity of boiler tube during current operation Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- DE102010036749A1 DE102010036749A1 DE102010036749A DE102010036749A DE102010036749A1 DE 102010036749 A1 DE102010036749 A1 DE 102010036749A1 DE 102010036749 A DE102010036749 A DE 102010036749A DE 102010036749 A DE102010036749 A DE 102010036749A DE 102010036749 A1 DE102010036749 A1 DE 102010036749A1
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- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- water
- combustion chamber
- boiler
- boilers
- proximity
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J3/00—Removing solid residues from passages or chambers beyond the fire, e.g. from flues by soot blowers
- F23J3/02—Cleaning furnace tubes; Cleaning flues or chimneys
- F23J3/023—Cleaning furnace tubes; Cleaning flues or chimneys cleaning the fireside of watertubes in boilers
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN A CARRIER GAS OR AIR
- F23C10/00—Fluidised bed combustion apparatus
- F23C10/002—Fluidised bed combustion apparatus for pulverulent solid fuel
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23L—SUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
- F23L7/00—Supplying non-combustible liquids or gases, other than air, to the fire, e.g. oxygen, steam
- F23L7/002—Supplying water
- F23L7/005—Evaporated water; Steam
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F19/00—Preventing the formation of deposits or corrosion, e.g. by using filters or scrapers
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28G—CLEANING OF INTERNAL OR EXTERNAL SURFACES OF HEAT-EXCHANGE OR HEAT-TRANSFER CONDUITS, e.g. WATER TUBES OR BOILERS
- F28G1/00—Non-rotary, e.g. reciprocated, appliances
- F28G1/16—Non-rotary, e.g. reciprocated, appliances using jets of fluid for removing debris
- F28G1/166—Non-rotary, e.g. reciprocated, appliances using jets of fluid for removing debris from external surfaces of heat exchange conduits
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Fluidized-Bed Combustion And Resonant Combustion (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Leistungssteigerung von Kesseln mit Wirbelschicht-Feuerung gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Hauptanspruchs.The invention relates to a method for improving the performance of boilers with fluidized bed firing according to the preamble of the main claim.
Bei Kesseln mit Wirbelschicht-Feuerung tritt bei höheren Mineralstoffanteilen in der Kohle wesentlich häufiger eine Ablagerung an den Kesselwänden und insbesondere an den Kesselrohren auf, die schnell zu einer Leistungsminderung der Anlage führen. Folge sind häufige Stillstände zur Beseitigung der Anbackungen, die eine kontinuierliche Energieausbeute über längere Zeiträume verhindern.In boilers with fluidized bed firing occurs at higher mineral contents in the coal much more often a deposit on the boiler walls and in particular on the boiler tubes, which quickly lead to a reduction in performance of the system. The result is frequent stoppages to remove the caking, which prevent a continuous energy yield over long periods.
Mittels des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens soll eine Möglichkeit eröffnet werden, die Bildung von solchen Ablagerungen während des laufenden Betriebs wesentlich zu verringern oder, sofern sich solche bereits gebildet haben, diese zu beseitigen.By means of the method according to the invention, a possibility is to be opened to substantially reduce the formation of such deposits during operation or, if they have already formed, to eliminate them.
Bisher werden Anbackungen an Kesselwänden oder -rohren nach dem Auskühlen des Kessels mechanisch abgeschlagen oder durch erodierende Verfahren abgetragen.So far caking on boiler walls or pipes are mechanically knocked off after cooling the boiler or eroded by eroding processes.
Zur rauchgasseitigen Reinigung der Rohrbündel in mit Müll befeuerten Dampf- oder Heißwasserkesseln, und zwar der Gassen für den Durchtritt der Rauchgase zwischen den aus fluchtend angeordneten Rohren gebildeten Rohrreihen des Rohrbündels, wird beispielsweise in der
Es ist ebenso bekannt, die Ablagerungen mittels Wasserlanzen, mit denen der Kesselraum durch Einspritzen von Wasser gereinigt werden kann, im noch relativ heißen Kessel abzulösen.It is also known to remove the deposits by means of water lances, with which the boiler room can be cleaned by injecting water in the still relatively hot boiler.
Gemäß
Auch in der
Bekannt sind weiterhin Verfahren, bei denen dem Verbrennungsprozess Wasser in flüssiger Form oder als Dampf zur Verbesserung der Wirbelausbildung zugeführt wird.Also known are methods in which the combustion process water is supplied in liquid form or as a vapor to improve the vortex formation.
So ist in der
Diese Düsen dienen zur Verbesserung der Vermischung von Gasen und Feststoff in der Brennkammer, indem sie eine kreisförmige Strömung zirkulierenden Materials in der Brennkammer erzeugen, wenn es aufwärts durch die Kammer fließt.These nozzles serve to enhance the mixing of gases and solids in the combustion chamber by creating a circular flow of circulating material in the combustion chamber as it flows upwardly through the chamber.
Durch Einspritzen eines Reaktionsmittels soll weiterhin ermöglicht werden, eine Verminderung der Stickoxidkonzentration zu erreichen.By injecting a reagent should continue to be made possible to achieve a reduction of the nitrogen oxide concentration.
Die in der
Auch beim in der
Keine der zitierten Schriften verspricht jedoch eine Verminderung von Ablagerungen.However, none of the cited writings promises a reduction of deposits.
Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es somit, ein Verfahren zur Verminderung von Ablagerungen, insbesondere auf den Kesselrohren, in Kesseln mit Wirbelschicht-Feuerung vorzuschlagen, bei dem hierdurch bedingte Betriebsunterbrechungen weitestgehend vermieden werden können.The object of the invention is thus to propose a method for reducing deposits, in particular on the boiler tubes, in boilers with fluidized bed combustion, in the case of this conditional business interruptions can be largely avoided.
Gleichzeitig soll die Leistungsfähigkeit des Kessels durch das Verfahren über längere Zeiträume erhalten werden.At the same time, the efficiency of the boiler is to be maintained by the process over longer periods of time.
Erfindungsgemäß wird diese Aufgabe durch ein Verfahren gemäß den Merkmalen des Hauptanspruchs gelöst.According to the invention this object is achieved by a method according to the features of the main claim.
Dazu wird vorgeschlagen, dass zur Verminderung von Ablagerungen in Kesseln mit Wirbelschicht-Feuerung während des laufenden Betriebes Frischwasser in den Brennraum, insbesondere in die Nähe der Kesselrohre eingespritzt wird.For this purpose, it is proposed that fresh water be injected into the combustion chamber, in particular in the vicinity of the boiler tubes to reduce deposits in boilers with fluidized bed combustion during operation.
Dazu kann das Wasser über fest eingebaute Düsen in den Brennraum oder über bekannte Wasserlanzen eingespritzt werden. Dabei wird das Wasser aufgrund der vorherrschenden Temperaturen im Kesselraum unmittelbar in den gasförmigen Zustand übergehen.For this purpose, the water can be injected via permanently installed nozzles in the combustion chamber or via known water lances. The water will pass directly into the gaseous state due to the prevailing temperatures in the boiler room.
Hierbei ist es vorteilhaft, wenn das Wasser erst unmittelbar nach dem Eintritt in den Kesselraum verdampft. Beim Einsatz von tiefer in den Kesselraum hineinragenden Wasserlanzen wird es allerdings schwer zu vermeiden sein, dass zumindest Teile des eingespritzten Wassers bereits in dieser Wasserlanze verdampfen.It is advantageous if the water evaporates only immediately after entering the boiler room. However, when using water lances projecting deeper into the boiler room, it will be difficult to avoid that at least parts of the injected water evaporate already in this water lance.
Durch die schlagartige Verdampfung und Überhitzung des Wasserdampfes dehnt sich dieser explosionsartig aus und erreicht zusammen mit den mitgerissenen Partikeln der Wirbelschicht enorme Geschwindigkeiten. Beim Auftreffen auf die Kesselrohre entwickelt dieser partikelhaltige Gasstrom eine hohe abrasive Wirkung, wodurch angesetzte Schlackepartikel abgelöst und ins Wirbelbett übernommen werden.Due to the sudden evaporation and overheating of the water vapor, it expands explosively and, together with the entrained particles of the fluidized bed, reaches enormous speeds. When hitting the boiler tubes, this particle-containing gas stream develops a high abrasive effect, which removes attached slag particles and takes them into the fluidized bed.
Damit ist es möglich, im Umfeld jeder Düse oder Wasserlanze die Oberfläche der Kesselrohre von Belagansätzen zu befreien.This makes it possible, in the environment of each nozzle or water lance, to free the surface of the boiler tubes from deposits.
Wie leicht vorstellbar, kann hiermit jeweils nur ein kleinerer Abschnitt der Kesseloberflächen behandelt werden, da bei gleichzeitiger Behandlung der gesamten Kesseloberfläche zum einen eine zu starke Abkühlung des Wirbelbettes auftreten würde und andererseits die entstehende Dampfmenge zu einer nicht vertretbaren Druckerhöhung im Kessel führen würde.As can easily be imagined, only a small portion of the boiler surfaces can be treated here in each case, since with simultaneous treatment of the entire boiler surface on the one hand too strong cooling of the fluidized bed would occur and on the other hand, the resulting amount of steam would lead to an unacceptable pressure increase in the boiler.
Deshalb schlägt die Erfindung vor, das Wasser programmgesteuert in vorgegebene Bereiche des Brennraumes einzuspritzen.Therefore, the invention proposes to spray the water programmatically in predetermined areas of the combustion chamber.
Ein weiterer positiver Effekt ist, dass sich durch den zusätzlich im Verbrennungsraum entstehenden Wasserdampf das Volumen der Kesselabgase deutlich erhöhen lässt, was sich bei einer nachgeschalteten Abgasturbine wiederum in einer höheren Leistung niederschlägt.Another positive effect is that the volume of boiler exhaust gases can be significantly increased by the additional steam produced in the combustion chamber, which in turn is reflected in a higher output in a downstream exhaust gas turbine.
Die Erfindung soll im folgenden anhand eines Ausführungsbeispiels näher erläutert werden.The invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to an embodiment.
Ein Bensonkessel mit ca. 1350 qm Kesselheizfläche ist im Abstand von ca. 80 cm mit einzeln ansteuerbaren Wasserdüsen in den Heizflächen ausgerüstet. Die Düsen werden kontinuierlich, nacheinander mit jeweils ca. 100 l/min Wasser für einen Zeitraum von 1–5 min beaufschlagt. Dadurch werden Ablagerungen auf den Kesselrohren weitestgehend entfernt, bevor sie zur Beeinträchtigung der Kesselleistung führen können.A Benson boiler with approx. 1350 m² boiler heating surface is equipped with individually controllable water nozzles in the heating surfaces at a distance of approx. 80 cm. The nozzles are applied continuously, successively with approximately 100 l / min of water for a period of 1-5 min. As a result, deposits on the boiler tubes are largely removed before they can lead to impairment of the boiler output.
Damit wird eine wesentliche Verlängerung der Wartungszeiträume erreicht.This achieves a substantial extension of the maintenance periods.
ZITATE ENTHALTEN IN DER BESCHREIBUNG QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION
Diese Liste der vom Anmelder aufgeführten Dokumente wurde automatisiert erzeugt und ist ausschließlich zur besseren Information des Lesers aufgenommen. Die Liste ist nicht Bestandteil der deutschen Patent- bzw. Gebrauchsmusteranmeldung. Das DPMA übernimmt keinerlei Haftung für etwaige Fehler oder Auslassungen.This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.
Zitierte PatentliteraturCited patent literature
- CH 493815 A [0005] CH 493815 A [0005]
- DE 102004027254 A1 [0007] DE 102004027254 A1 [0007]
- DD 226061 A1 [0008] DD 226061 A1 [0008]
- EP 0610944 B1 [0010] EP 0610944 B1 [0010]
- EP 0928399 B1 [0013] EP 0928399 B1 [0013]
- DE 69919424 T2 [0014] DE 69919424 T2 [0014]
- EP 0936405 B1 [0014] EP 0936405 B1 [0014]
Claims (6)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102010036749A DE102010036749A1 (en) | 2010-07-19 | 2010-07-19 | Method for reducing deposits in boilers, involves inserting fresh water in combustion chamber, particularly in proximity of boiler tube during current operation |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102010036749A DE102010036749A1 (en) | 2010-07-19 | 2010-07-19 | Method for reducing deposits in boilers, involves inserting fresh water in combustion chamber, particularly in proximity of boiler tube during current operation |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
DE102010036749A1 true DE102010036749A1 (en) | 2012-01-19 |
Family
ID=45403032
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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DE102010036749A Withdrawn DE102010036749A1 (en) | 2010-07-19 | 2010-07-19 | Method for reducing deposits in boilers, involves inserting fresh water in combustion chamber, particularly in proximity of boiler tube during current operation |
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DE (1) | DE102010036749A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP3176534A3 (en) * | 2015-12-01 | 2017-06-14 | Frauscher Holding GmbH | Device and method for cleaning a heat exchanger |
Citations (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CH493815A (en) | 1969-07-31 | 1970-07-15 | Von Roll Ag | Process for cleaning the tube bundle on the flue gas side in waste-fired steam or hot water boilers and equipment for carrying out the process |
DD226061A1 (en) | 1983-07-14 | 1985-08-14 | Orgreb Inst Kraftwerke | METHOD AND ARRANGEMENT FOR OPERATING A WATER LIGHT BLADDER |
DD276335A1 (en) * | 1988-10-14 | 1990-02-21 | Orgreb Inst Kraftwerke | ARRANGEMENT FOR CONTROLLING THE BUBBLE AND COOLANT SUPPLY FOR A WATER LIGHT BLADDER |
EP0610944B1 (en) | 1993-02-12 | 1998-07-08 | Foster Wheeler Energia Oy | Circulating fluidized bed power plant with improved mixing of sorbents with combustion gases |
EP0928399B1 (en) | 1996-09-27 | 2001-05-23 | Foster Wheeler Energia Oy | A METHOD AND A COMBUSION UNIT WITH AN APPARATUS FOR INJECTION OF NOx-REDUCING AGENT |
WO2002086385A1 (en) * | 2001-04-19 | 2002-10-31 | Ebara Corporation | Waste heat boiler |
EP1304525A1 (en) * | 2000-07-05 | 2003-04-23 | Nkk Corporation | Waste incinerator and method of operating the incinerator |
EP0936405B1 (en) | 1998-02-16 | 2004-08-18 | ALSTOM Power Boilers | Circulating fluidized bed boiler with improved NOx reduction |
DE102004027254A1 (en) | 2004-06-03 | 2006-01-05 | Rwe Power Ag | Lance blower for purification of convection and heating surface of steam generator with water, has core pipe connected to water supply and covering pipe of lance, and provided with nozzles for discharging water to covering pipe of lance |
-
2010
- 2010-07-19 DE DE102010036749A patent/DE102010036749A1/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CH493815A (en) | 1969-07-31 | 1970-07-15 | Von Roll Ag | Process for cleaning the tube bundle on the flue gas side in waste-fired steam or hot water boilers and equipment for carrying out the process |
DD226061A1 (en) | 1983-07-14 | 1985-08-14 | Orgreb Inst Kraftwerke | METHOD AND ARRANGEMENT FOR OPERATING A WATER LIGHT BLADDER |
DD276335A1 (en) * | 1988-10-14 | 1990-02-21 | Orgreb Inst Kraftwerke | ARRANGEMENT FOR CONTROLLING THE BUBBLE AND COOLANT SUPPLY FOR A WATER LIGHT BLADDER |
EP0610944B1 (en) | 1993-02-12 | 1998-07-08 | Foster Wheeler Energia Oy | Circulating fluidized bed power plant with improved mixing of sorbents with combustion gases |
EP0928399B1 (en) | 1996-09-27 | 2001-05-23 | Foster Wheeler Energia Oy | A METHOD AND A COMBUSION UNIT WITH AN APPARATUS FOR INJECTION OF NOx-REDUCING AGENT |
EP0936405B1 (en) | 1998-02-16 | 2004-08-18 | ALSTOM Power Boilers | Circulating fluidized bed boiler with improved NOx reduction |
DE69919424T2 (en) | 1998-02-16 | 2005-09-08 | Alstom Power Boilers | Circulating fluidized bed boiler with improved NOx reduction |
EP1304525A1 (en) * | 2000-07-05 | 2003-04-23 | Nkk Corporation | Waste incinerator and method of operating the incinerator |
WO2002086385A1 (en) * | 2001-04-19 | 2002-10-31 | Ebara Corporation | Waste heat boiler |
DE102004027254A1 (en) | 2004-06-03 | 2006-01-05 | Rwe Power Ag | Lance blower for purification of convection and heating surface of steam generator with water, has core pipe connected to water supply and covering pipe of lance, and provided with nozzles for discharging water to covering pipe of lance |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP3176534A3 (en) * | 2015-12-01 | 2017-06-14 | Frauscher Holding GmbH | Device and method for cleaning a heat exchanger |
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R016 | Response to examination communication | ||
R120 | Application withdrawn or ip right abandoned |