DE102010029721A1 - Machine tool for machining shaft-shaped work-pieces, has gripper arranged in rotating part such that rotational axis is sectioned during rotation of rotating part, and frame including loading port for machining loading unit with work-pieces - Google Patents

Abstract

The tool (1) has a loading unit (6) loading a wok-piece spindle (4) with shaft-shaped work-pieces (2). The loading unit includes a rotating part (18) rotatably driven around a rotational axis (19) running parallel to vertical Z-direction. A work-piece gripper (21) linearly moves in the rotating part in the Z-direction and is arranged in the rotating part such that a spindle rotational axis (26) is sectioned during the rotation of the rotating part. A stand-type machine frame (3) includes a loading port (11) for machining the loading unit with the work-pieces.

Description

The invention relates to a machine tool for machining workpieces, in particular flanged or wavy workpieces, according to the preamble of claim 1.

From the DE 20 2007 008 203 U1 is a machine tool known in which a workpiece spindle is suspended and fixed, that is not linearly movable, is arranged on a machine frame. For machining the workpieces received in the workpiece spindle, two machining units are provided, which are arranged laterally next to the workpiece spindle on the machine frame and can be moved linearly in the vertical and horizontal directions. For supplying the workpieces, a workpiece gripper is arranged on one of the processing units, which grips the workpieces of a conveyor belt and feeds the workpiece spindle. Due to the fact that the processing unit simultaneously serves to supply and remove the workpieces, the processing sequence is complicated and time-consuming.

The invention has the object of developing a machine tool of the generic type such that the machining of workpieces is fast and flexible feasible.

This object is achieved by a machine tool having the features of claim 1. The separate loading unit allows a fast and flexible loading of the workpiece spindle. While the workpiece spindle is being loaded, a finished workpiece can be simultaneously removed from the loading unit and a further workpiece to be machined can be fed. As a result, there is always a workpiece to be machined ready, which can be supplied to the workpiece spindle by simply rotating the rotary member and linear method of each workpiece gripper. The loading unit is arranged in the region of a loading opening formed in the machine frame, so that loading of the loading unit with workpieces takes place on a side of the machine frame facing away from the working space. As a result, workpieces can be added and removed flexibly without affecting the processing of the workpieces in the work space. The machining unit is used exclusively for machining the workpieces so that the tool provided for machining can be brought into the desired machining position during the loading of the workpiece spindle and the machining can be started immediately after the workpiece spindle has been loaded. Due to the fact that the workpiece spindle is fixed, that is to say not linearly movable on the machine frame, and the linear movement for loading the workpiece spindle is carried out by the workpiece gripper, the workpiece change is fast, since only small masses have to be accelerated. In addition, the construction of the machine tool is extremely simple.

A machine tool according to claim 2 enables a modular structure of the machine frame, so that a plurality of workpiece spindles and a plurality of different processing units can be arranged on the machine frame constructed as needed. The structure of the machine tool is thus flexible adaptable to the machining task.

A machine tool according to claim 3 ensures a high flexibility in the machining of workpieces due to the modular structure, wherein the base portion forms the base module on which further modules can be arranged.

A machine tool according to claim 4 ensures a high flexibility and speed during the entire machining operation, since the loading of the workpiece spindle from one side and the machining of the workpiece from another side.

A machine tool according to claim 5 ensures a high flexibility, since the respective side portion forms a processing module, which can be combined as needed with the basic module, so the base portion with the workpiece spindle and loading unit arranged thereon.

A machine tool according to claim 6 allows the processing of different workpieces. For example, a workpiece holder serving as an abutment can be arranged on the linearly movable z-slide so that relatively long, wave-shaped workpieces can be processed. The z-slide can therefore be part of a tailstock. Furthermore, a tool holder can be arranged on the z-carriage, in which a tool is arranged fixed or rotationally drivable.

A machine tool according to claim 7 allows a simple and flexible way to edit wavy workpieces of different lengths.

A machine tool according to claim 8 favors a modular design of the machine tool to allow fast and flexible machining of workpieces. In particular, two workpiece spindles can be equipped with workpieces at the same time by the at least three workpiece grippers, while a finished workpiece is removed and a new one is added machining workpiece is supplied. As a result, a multi-station processing is possible in the rotary transfer method.

A machine tool according to claim 9 enables a simple and fast automatic feeding of workpieces to or removal of workpieces from the loading unit.

A machine tool according to claim 10 has a modular structure of the processing units, so that they can be flexibly combined with the machine frame, in particular with the side portions, to allow adaptation of the machine tool to the desired machining operation or the workpieces to be machined.

A machine tool according to claim 11 enables a simple radial infeed of the tools. The tool holder may be formed, for example, as a tool turret whose turret disk is additionally rotatably driven about a turret rotation axis. Furthermore, the tool holder and the associated tool can be designed such that the processing steps of turning, milling, drilling, grinding, hobbing and / or laser hardening are executable.

A machine tool according to claim 12 allows a simple and flexible way a multi-station machining of workpieces in the rotary transfer process. Because the workpiece grippers are aligned with the workpiece spindles in such a way that they simultaneously rotate the spindle rotation axes during one rotation, workpieces can be removed and fed simultaneously to the workpiece spindles. The workpiece spindles are removed by a linear movement of the factory gripper the respective workpiece. Subsequently, the workpiece removed from the first workpiece spindle is positioned below the second workpiece spindle by a rotary movement of the rotary part, with a workpiece, which has not yet been machined, being positioned below the first workpiece spindle at the same time. Subsequently, the workpieces positioned below the workpiece spindles are fed to the workpiece spindles by a linear movement of the workpiece grippers, so that the processing can be continued. Meanwhile, the workpiece taken from the second workpiece, finished machined workpiece can be removed from the loading unit and fed to a new workpiece.

Further features, advantages and details of the invention will become apparent from the following description of several embodiments. Show it:

1 a perspective view of a machine tool for machining wave-shaped workpieces according to a first embodiment,

2 a side view of the machine tool in 1 .

3 a plan view of the machine tool in 1 .

4 a perspective view of a machine tool with two workpiece spindles for machining wave-shaped workpieces according to a second embodiment, and

5 a plan view of the machine tool in 4 ,

The following is with reference to the 1 to 3 a first embodiment of the invention described. A machine tool 1 for machining undulating workpieces 2 has a stand-shaped machine frame 3 on, on which a workpiece spindle 4 , an associated processing unit 5 and a loading unit 6 are arranged.

The machine frame 3 is modular and has a basic section 7 on, on the side of a separate side section 8th is attached. The basic section 7 as well as the side section 8th each have a foot area 9 which extends substantially in a horizontal x and a horizontal y-direction. At the respective foot area 9 is an integral part of a stand area 10 arranged extending substantially in the horizontal y-direction and a vertical z-direction. The x, y, and z directions form a Cartesian coordinate system.

The stand area 10 of the basic section 7 is designed as a frame and has a continuous loading opening 11 in the y direction centered in the base section 7 is trained. The stand area 10 is from an upper cross member 12 , a lower cross member 13 and two associated supports 14 and 15 formed, which is the loading opening 11 limit. The loading unit 6 is in the y-direction center to the loading opening 11 on the upper cross member 12 attached.

The loading unit 6 includes a carrier 16 moving in the x direction in the workspace 17 extends. On the carrier 16 is a turned part 18 in the form of a turntable about an axis of rotation parallel to the z-direction 19 rotatably mounted and by means of a drive motor 20 rotatably driven. On the rotary part 18 are circumferentially three workpiece gripper 21 rotationally symmetric with an angle of 120 ° arranged. The workpiece grippers 21 are via respective z-slides 22 on the rotary part 18 attached, with the respective z-slide 22 parallel to the z-direction linearly on the rotating part 18 is movable. For moving the respective z-slide 22 this is for example operated hydraulically, pneumatically and / or electromechanically. The workpiece grinder 21 are also pneumatically, hydraulically and / or electromechanically actuated. The z-sled 22 as well as the workpiece grippers 21 For example, be actuated by means of piston-cylinder units. The respective z-slide 22 is over z-rails 23 on the rotary part 18 movably arranged. The workpiece grippers 21 are independently movable in the z-direction.

The workpiece spindle 4 is between the charging unit 6 and the processing unit 5 on the side section 8th is attached to the base section 7 fixed, ie linearly displaceable, and arranged hanging in the vertical z-direction. The workpiece spindle 4 indicates the acceptance of the workpieces 2 a chuck 24 on, by means of a drive motor 25 around a spindle axis of rotation 26 , which runs parallel to the z-direction, rotatably drivable. For loading the workpiece spindle 4 with workpieces 2 are the workpiece grippers 21 relative to the workpiece spindle 4 arranged such that these upon rotation of the rotary member 18 the spindle rotation axis 26 to cut. In other words, the spindle axis of rotation is located 26 on a circle K, along which the workpiece gripper 21 upon rotation of the rotary member 18 be moved.

Below the loading unit 6 is a carrier 27 arranged in the y-direction centered on the lower cross member 13 and the foot area 9 is attached. The carrier 27 extends substantially in the x and z directions and has one of the workpiece spindle 4 facing side wall 28 on. On the side wall 28 are z-guide rails 29 arranged on which an associated z-slide 30 by means of a z-drive motor 31 is linearly movable in the z-direction. On the z-slide 30 is a workpiece holder 32 arranged around a parallel to the z-direction axis of rotation 33 is rotatable. The z-slide 30 and the associated workpiece holder 32 form a tailstock, which is linearly movable in the z-direction. For two-sided recording of a wave-shaped workpiece 2 falls the axis of rotation 33 with the spindle axis of rotation 26 together.

On the side section 8th is in the stand area 10 the processing unit 5 arranged. The processing unit 5 is designed as an independent module and includes a base frame 34 that on the side section 8th is attached. On the base frame 34 are z-guide rails 35 arranged on which a z-slide 36 by means of a z-drive motor 37 is linearly movable in the z-direction. On the z-slide 36 are y-guide rails 38 arranged on which in turn a y-slide 39 by means of a y-drive motor 40 is linearly movable in the y-direction. On the y-sleigh 39 is a tool turret 41 fastened, its revolver disc 42 by means of a drive motor 43 about a parallel to the z-direction turret rotation axis 44 is rotary drivable. The revolver rotation axis 44 Aligns in the y direction with the spindle axis of rotation 26 , The revolver disc 41 has several tool holders 45 on where tools 46 are arranged. The processing unit 50 is so laterally next to the workpiece spindle 4 arranged that a workpiece received therein 2 by means of the tools 46 is workable.

At a workroom 17 opposite side of the basic section 7 is a transport unit 47 for transporting and removing the workpieces 2 arranged. The transport unit 47 is designed as a workpiece chain magazine and has a horizontally extending chain 48 on, by means of a drive motor 49 for a tour 50 is rotary drivable. The leadership 50 is triangular in shape and extends with a tip in the loading opening 11 , On the chain 48 are workpiece holders 51 arranged for picking up the workpieces 2 serve. The leadership 50 is relative to the loading unit 6 arranged such that the respective workpiece gripper 21 in the in 3 shown position a finished workpiece 2 in a workpiece holder 51 passed or a workpiece to be machined 2 from a workpiece holder 51 can take.

The first empty workpiece gripper 21 take out of the workpiece chain magazine 47 Workpieces to be machined 2 on. For this purpose, a workpiece gripper engages 21 a workpiece 2 , in which case the rotating part 18 around 120 ° around the axis of rotation 19 is rotated so that the workpiece 2 from the workpiece holder 51 is removed. During the turn, the chain becomes 48 along the guide 50 move so that the next workpiece 2 in the transfer position. With the next workpiece gripper 21 the workpiece located in the transfer position is gripped.

The rotation causes the first workpiece to be picked up 2 below the chuck 24 for lying. The associated workpiece gripper 21 is by means of the z-slide 22 in the z-direction to the workpiece spindle 4 move so that the chuck 24 then the workpiece 2 can record. The workpiece gripper 21 can now be solved because the workpiece 2 in the workpiece spindle 4 is included.

For machining the workpiece 2 becomes the workpiece holder 32 first move in the z-direction until the workpiece 2 recorded in it and is rotatably mounted on both sides. The workpiece 2 is now using the workpiece spindle 4 rotatably driven. The machining of the workpiece 2 takes place by means of the processing unit 5 whose tool turret 41 the tool intended for processing 46 first brings into a processing position. The tool 46 is subsequently by moving the y-slide 35 delivered radially and as needed in the z-direction with the z-slide 36 method.

After machining, the workpiece holder 32 removed by method in the z-direction and the workpiece gripper 21 actuated. The finished workpiece 2 can now by loosening the chuck 24 and linear method of the workpiece gripper 21 from the workpiece spindle 4 be removed. At each subsequent rotation of the rotating part 18 120 ° becomes a new workpiece to be machined 2 below the workpiece spindle 4 arranged, which can then be recorded and edited in the manner described. The rotation turns the finished workpieces 2 successively brought into the transfer position, where the workpiece gripper 21 the respective workpiece 2 into a free workpiece holder 51 can arrange. The workpiece grippers 21 can according to a corresponding procedure of the workpiece chain magazine 47 a new workpiece to be machined 2 then grasp it by further turning the workpiece spindle 4 the processing can be supplied. Due to the linearly movable workpiece gripper 21 can the workpieces 2 the workpiece spindle 4 be fed without these must be moved linearly according to the known pick-up method.

With the modular machine tool 1 or lathe can shaft and / or flange workpieces 2 be processed easily and flexibly. Wavy workpieces 2 be taken on both sides during processing, whereas flange-shaped workpieces 2 only in the workpiece spindle 4 be recorded. On the side section 8th Due to the modular design, different machining units can be used 5 be arranged, in turn, a variety of different tools 46 can provide. Because the side section 8th separately formed and to the base section 7 is arranged, this can easily be connected to the processing unit 5 be adjusted. Through the loading unit 6 and the associated loading opening 11 can be machined workpieces 2 the workpiece spindle 4 simply fed and finished workpieces 2 be discharged again without the workpiece machining is impaired.

The following is with reference to the 4 and 5 A second embodiment of the invention described. Structurally identical parts are given the same reference numerals as in the first embodiment, to the description of which reference is hereby made. Structurally different parts receive the same reference numerals with a following a. The main difference compared to the first embodiment is that the machine tool 1a two processing stations with associated processing units 5 and 52 has, so that the workpieces to be machined 2 can be processed in round-robin. For this purpose, the machine tool 1a a second side section 53 on top of the first page section 8th opposite side of the base section 7 is arranged. The side sections 8th and 53 are symmetrical. On the side section 53 is the processing unit 52 arranged. Between the processing unit 52 and the loading unit 6 is at the base section 7 a second workpiece spindle 54 attached, corresponding to the first workpiece spindle 4 is arranged and formed. The workpiece spindle 54 accordingly has a chuck 55 on, by means of a drive motor 56 around a spindle axis of rotation 57 is rotary drivable.

At the associated side wall 58 of the carrier 27 are z-guide rails 59 arranged on which a second z-slide 60 by means of a z-drive motor 61 is linearly movable. On the z-slide 60 is a second workpiece holder 62 arranged according to the workpiece holder 32 is trained. The workpiece holder 62 is an associated axis of rotation 63 rotatable.

The processing unit 52 is used for hobbing. For this purpose, the processing unit 52 a tool holder designed as a gear cutting head 64 on, about a parallel to the y-axis pivot axis 65 by means of a drive motor 66 is pivotable. The gear milling head 64 is on a y-sleigh 67 arranged by means of a y-drive motor 68 on y-rails 69 is linearly movable. The y-rails 69 are again on a z-slide 70 arranged, which by means of a z-drive motor on z-guide rails 72 is linearly movable. To form a processing module, the z-guide rails 72 on a base frame 73 arranged on the side section 53 is attached.

By rotation of the rotating part 18 can be a workpiece to be machined 2 from the workpiece chain magazine 47 removed and the workpiece spindle 4 be supplied, where by means of the processing unit 5 a first processing step is performed. At the same time a in the workpiece spindle 4 machined workpiece 2 taken from this and the workpiece spindle 54 fed, where by means of the processing unit 52 a second processing step is performed. At the same time a in the workpiece spindle 54 finished workpiece 2 brought into the transfer position, where this in the workpiece chain magazine 47 filed and after procedures of the workpiece chain magazine 47 a new workpiece to be machined 2 is recorded. With regard to the further operation, reference is made to the preceding embodiment.

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• DE 202007008203 U1 [0002]

Claims (12)

Machine tool for machining workpieces with - a frame-shaped machine frame ( 3 ; 3a ), - at least one workpiece spindle ( 4 ; 4 . 54 ) for receiving workpieces to be machined ( 2 ) hanging in a vertical z-direction and fixed to the machine frame ( 3 ; 3a ) is arranged and - about a parallel to the z-direction spindle rotation axis ( 26 ; 26 . 57 ) is rotationally drivable, - at least one processing unit ( 5 ; 5 . 52 ), which - laterally next to the associated workpiece spindle ( 4 ; 4 . 54 ) on the machine frame ( 3 ; 3a ) is arranged and - in a horizontal y-direction and the z-direction linearly movable tool holder ( 45 ; 45 . 64 ), characterized in that - a loading unit ( 6 ) for equipping the at least one workpiece spindle ( 4 ; 4 . 54 ) with workpieces ( 2 ) laterally next to this on the machine frame ( 3 ; 3a ), the loading unit ( 6 ) - a rotating part ( 18 ), which is about a parallel to the z-direction axis of rotation ( 19 ) is rotatably drivable, and - several on the rotary part ( 18 ) in the z-direction linearly movable workpiece gripper ( 21 ), which in such a way on the rotary part ( 18 ) are arranged such that upon rotation of the rotary member ( 18 ) the spindle rotation axis ( 26 ; 26 . 57 ), and - the machine frame ( 3 ; 3a ) a loading opening ( 11 ) for loading the loading unit ( 6 ) with workpieces ( 2 ) having. Machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that the machine frame ( 3 ; 3a ) a basic section ( 7 ), on which at least one separate side section ( 8th ; 8th . 53 ) is attached laterally. Machine tool according to claim 2, characterized in that the loading opening ( 11 ) in the basic section ( 7 ) is formed and the loading unit ( 6 ) in the y-direction centered to the loading opening ( 11 ) at the basic section ( 7 ) is arranged. Machine tool according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the at least one workpiece spindle ( 4 ; 4 . 54 ) in the y-direction between the associated processing unit ( 5 ; 5 . 52 ) and the loading unit ( 6 ) at the basic section ( 7 ) is arranged. Machine tool according to one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that the at least one processing unit ( 5 ; 5 . 52 ) on an associated side section ( 8th ; 8th . 53 ) is attached. Machine tool according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the machine frame ( 3 ; 3a ), in particular the basic section ( 7 ), a support projecting in a horizontal x-direction ( 27 ), on the side of which at least one z-slide which can be moved linearly in the z-direction ( 30 ; 30 . 60 ) is arranged. Machine tool according to claim 6, characterized in that on the z-slide ( 30 ; 30 . 60 ) a rotatable workpiece holder ( 32 ; 32 . 62 ) is arranged whose axis of rotation ( 33 ; 33 . 63 ) with the associated spindle axis of rotation ( 26 ; 26 . 57 ) coincides. Machine tool according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that on the rotary part ( 18 ) at least three workpiece grippers ( 21 ) are arranged rotationally symmetrical and are movable independently of each other in the z-direction. Machine tool according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that on one of the at least one workpiece spindle ( 4 ; 4 . 54 ) facing away from the machine frame ( 3 ; 3a ) a transport unit ( 47 ), in particular a workpiece chain magazine, is arranged and in the loading opening ( 11 ) to the loading unit ( 6 ). Machine tool according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the at least one processing unit ( 5 ; 5 . 52 ) comprises: - a base frame ( 34 ; 34 . 73 ) attached to the machine frame ( 3 ; 3a ), in particular on the associated side section ( 8th ; 8th . 53 ), - a z-slide ( 36 ; 36 . 70 ), which in the z-direction on the base frame ( 34 ; 34 . 73 ) is linearly movable, and - a y-slide ( 39 ; 39 . 67 ), which in the y-direction on the z-slide ( 36 ; 36 . 70 ) is linearly movable. Machine tool according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the tool holder ( 45 ; 45 . 64 ) on the y-slide ( 39 ; 39 . 67 ) is arranged. Machine tool according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the loading opening ( 11 ) and the loading unit ( 6 ) in the y direction in the middle of the machine frame ( 3a ), in particular at the basic section ( 7 ), - on both sides of the charging unit ( 6 ) a workpiece spindle ( 4 . 54 ) is arranged such that the workpiece gripper ( 21 ) the spindle rotation axes ( 26 . 57 ) and - wherein laterally next to the workpiece spindles ( 4 . 54 ) an associated processing unit ( 5 . 52 ) especially at the respective page section ( 8th . 53 ) is arranged.

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