DE102010020936A1 - Pulper with a feed space and a displacement chamber - Google Patents

Abstract

The pulper (1) has an agitator (3) arranged on a filter metal sheet (2). A discharge unit (13) provided above the metal sheet, and another discharge unit (12) is provided below the metal sheet. Balls (11) are arranged above the metal sheet, where diameter of the balls is larger than holes of the metal sheet. The balls have a specific density greater than 1 and lesser than 2, and are made of PVC. The pulper has a space closably set below positive pressure. The holes of the sheet have a circular surface with size of 0.1 to 0.5 mm.

Description

The The invention relates to a pulper having a feed space and a displacer space. Usually Pulpers have a pear-shaped Reaction chamber. In the upper area is a Zuführraum with a smaller Diameter provided and in the lower area is a displacement with a larger diameter provided, which usually has a perforated plate.

Usually is in the upper part of the pulper via a pulper access the material to be treated supplied to the pulper. At the bottom of the Pulpers is discharged below the perforated plate of pure substance and above the perforated plate residue is removed. Depending on the arrangement of feed and displacement spiral mixing processes occur in the pulper, where freshly fed Material in contact with residue comes.

Of the Invention is based on the object to further develop such a pulper.

These Task is solved with a generic pulper at the diameter of the Zuführraums maximum 1/3 of the diameter of the displacement chamber.

Of the supply space is deliberately very narrow in relation to the displacement educated. This creates a flow in the pulper, which is a particular gentle material treatment leads.

Advantageous it is when the diameter of the feed space a maximum of 1/4, preferably 1/3 and more preferably 1/6 of the diameter of the displacer is.

Around To design such pulpers, it is proposed that between supply space and displacement room a diameter reducing constriction is arranged.

It it is further proposed that the feed space is central to the displacement chamber leading feed spiral having. This allows centrally the supplied material to the displacement and to lead, for example, a perforated plate.

Therefore it is further proposed that the displacer a Verdrängerspirale and has a perforated plate. With feed spiral and displacement spiral can thus causes a directed movement of the pulp in the pulper become.

Besides that is it is beneficial if the displacement room Having balls above a perforated plate.

Advantageous is it when the feed room a pulper access and the displacement room having a pure substance output, wherein between Pulperzugang and Pure substance output a residue output is arranged. This leads to, that the residue past a constriction in countercurrent to the supplied Raw material undergoes a strong buoyancy, while the mixing losses are small can be kept.

In the practice is fed Material with supply of water with the central feed spiral, this means using a rotor screw, mixed in the feed space and in the core the supply spiral to the displacer promoted. In the displacement room is the supplied Material over a perforated plate is separated and the residue is preferably before contact with the supplied Material removed from the pulper below the material feed level. Thereby creates a strong buoyancy and the pulp is particularly gentle treated.

If arranged the residue output at the feed space is, there is again a friction of the residue in the displacer and in the feed room before the residue leaves the pulper.

Around the backflow to Minimize the residue output can be arranged tangentially to the displacement be.

Usually is the feed room above the displacement chamber arranged. To separate heavy parts particularly effectively, is suggested that the feed space below the displacer is arranged.

Around especially with a displacement me big radial extent to produce a suitable material flow is suggested that in the displacement room a displacement spiral about the radial extent of the displacer space extends.

One Acceleration pulper arises when the diameter of the pulper to the height of the pulper is at least 1 and preferably more than 2.

Of the Pulper becomes a jacket pulper when it has a screen plate, which is basket-shaped.

Especially It is advantageous if the screen plate has vertical areas.

The Production is facilitated with improved effect when the Pulper a displacement spiral having at an upper end and a lower end with a central axis is connected.

A particularly energy-saving material handling is achieved when between sieve plate segments a groove with several Millimeters wide is provided.

embodiments Pulper according to the invention are shown in the drawing and are explained in more detail below. It shows

1 schematically the basic form of a pulper as a sectional view,

2 schematically a pulper with a high feed space as a sectional view,

3 schematically a pulper in an inverse arrangement of feed space and displacer as a sectional view,

4 schematically a pulper with tangential output,

5 to 8th schematically different performance forms of acceleration pulpers,

9 and 10 schematically different embodiments of shell pulpers,

11 schematically a pulper with closed spiral and

12 a pulper floor with quasines.

The in 1 shown pulpers 1 has a feeder room 2 and a displacement room 3 , The diameter 4 of the feed room 2 has slightly less length than 1/3 of the maximum diameter 5 of the displacement room 3 , Under the displacement room 3 is a perforated plate 6 arranged as a screen plate.

The flow in such a pulper is in the in 2 represented pulpers 20 schematically drawn. From the pulper access 21 becomes the flow 22 driven downwards by a feed spiral (not shown). There takes a Verdrängerspirale (not shown), the further promotion substantially in the radial direction 23 parallel to the screen plate 24 , In the radially outer region of the displacer 25 acts a flow 26 up and at a constriction 27 over to the residue exit 28 , This creates a Umtriebszone 33 in which at the pulper access 21 supplied material is mixed in the top and discharged below. This leads to minimal entropy and the system suspended particularly gently, ie it produces little fines and requires relatively little power for his work.

This happens because in the upper part of a screw - not shown here - the material mixed with water and along the central axis 34 inside down leads. In the reaction or re-circulation zone 33 is the not yet suspended material by means of Spiralräumer - not shown here - outside led upwards and there in the residue output 28 pushed or by Austragswendel - also not shown - pulled out.

In this embodiment, the diameter is 29 in the displacement room 25 at three to four times the diameter 30 in the feed room 31 ,

The inverse arrangement is in the in 3 shown pulpers 40 intended. Here is the residue output 41 between the pulper access 42 and the pure substance output 43 arranged. Below the pulper access 42 is a heavyweight output 44 intended. The fact that the pulper is upside down, heavy parts are separated very effectively.

Both in the 2 and 3 is the residue discharge 28 between pulper access 21 and a pure substance output 32 arranged.

The 4 shows a pulper body 50 with tangential output 51 and big spiral 52 ,

With this pulper, the upper grain can tangentially out of the pressure zone 53 escape. As the recirculation process to the reaction zone 54 limited, the specific surface area of the pulper 50 be kept very small. The fabric feeder room 55 is thereby minimized and flows through fluidly, without a significant backflow occurs.

The smaller surface of the pulper 50 guarantees low surface friction losses and thus a comparatively low power requirement.

In addition, by the in the pressure zone 53 prevailing pressure favors the removal of the upper grain.

Furthermore are also so-called. Bear / benches (large agglomerates) - so which should have made - effective disbanded or eliminated.

Furthermore, it can be seen that it is the spiral 52 in the reaction room 56 is one with a maximum possible large diameter, resulting in maximum gentle suspension. It goes without saying that the reactor housing 57 at the point 58 the largest diameter is shared to the exchange of spiral 52 and perforated sheets 59 to enable.

The 5 to 8th show so-called acceleration pulper 60 . 70 . 80 and 90 , Characteristic of these acceleration pulpers is the large ratio of diameter to height. The physical mode of action of the acceleration powder is based on the compulsion of the parts to be suspended for accelerated avoidance of jamming material.

material accumulates because the diameter in the inner area of the Pulpers is getting smaller - by Outside inside - and hence the available standing fabric passage area. at smaller area and constant mass flow leads this inevitably to higher Speed, coupled with acceleration and thus power requirement. These Power leads after all for friction (shearing) and finally for defibration.

The benefits of in the 5 to 8th shown tangential discharge in the region of the pressure zone have already been described in detail above.

In the 5 is the diameter ratio D / H of the pulper 60 equal to 1. Such a pulper 60 is particularly suitable for extremely flow-unwanted fabrics with high fiberizing resistance, as it on the one hand much space for clog-free flow 62 offers and on the other hand, due to the relatively small perforated plate surface 61 only relatively low material fluxes permits.

The 6 shows a waste paper pulper 70 with feed lock 71 , The diameter ratio is about 2.3 and represents a compromise between relatively high freedom from clogging and relatively high throughput. In order to effectively separate the heavy parts, one can use the inverse principle, in which the pulper, as in 3 shown lying substantially below the perforated plate.

The in 7 shown pulpers 80 has a diameter ratio of 5. It is suitable for fluent substances with low fiberizing resistance.

The 8th shows a pulper 90 with extremely large perforated sheet surface 91 , It is intended for highest throughputs with both high and low fiberizing resistance, provided the fabric is fluent. The small height guarantees high shear forces, the large diameter high throughputs. The big screw 92 leads to strong turnover and thus reduces the likelihood of disruption due to spontaneous drainage (thickening or agglomeration).

The 9 and 10 show so-called sheath pulpers 100 and 110 , With 9 the principle is shown: here are perforated plates 101 also in the conical transition to the upper reaction zone 102 disclosed. The principle becomes even clearer on the strainer basket 111 in 10 , Such a basket 110 is known from sorting machines. However, it has led to excellent results in use in continuous high consistency pulpers.

Keeping the holes / slots clear 112 This is not done by "wings" - whether rotating or standing (with rotating screen basket) - but as with all continuously operated high-density pulpers by the "Fegewirkung" by the displacement spiral 113 at the holes / slots 112 pushed past accompanying materials / paper snippets.

The tips of the ends 114 the displacement spiral 113 can be shaped here in the form of Aufströmpropellern - not shown here.

Coat pulper are suitable for highest Production with high defibration resistance, since On the one hand, they are very big open screening surfaces offer and on the other hand due to the counterflow - outside upwards and downwards inside Use the cap effect at not too low speeds induce large shear forces. Advantageously, the combination with the ball mill effect, by in the reaction chamber Balls are introduced.

An evolution of the in the 9 and 10 shown pulper leads to the in 11 shown pulpers 120 with closed spiral 121 , Here are not just the bottom end 122 the displacement spiral 121 but also their upper end 123 with a central axis 124 connected.

This creates a closed displacement spiral 121 , Also advantageous are the possible perforated plates 124 . 125 also in the upper part of the pulper.

This has the advantage, among other things, that the spiral 121 a much higher stiffness experiences and thus the entire construction is much less expensive. The spiral 121 resembles the agitator of a kneader of the bakery industry - but with a completely different task. Furthermore, the closed spiral ensures 121 for having larger agglomerates already at entry 126 in the reactor 127 of the pulper 120 smashed and homogenized quickly.

Of course, the closed spiral promotes 121 the circulation and thus the entire pulper work.

In 12 becomes an arrangement 130 the hole / slot sheet segments 131 to 134 in a Form discloses in which the distances between them a kind of groove 135 to 138 can arise. The Pulperinhaltsstoffe (impurities and paper shreds) are by the work of screw 139 and spiral 140 much better in first radial, then axial, then again radial and finally again forced axial direction, as without grooves. The displacement spiral presses 140 the Pulperinhaltsstoffe 141 initially tangential, the ingredients dodge radially. Get the ingredients to a groove 135 to 138 , this increases the radial movement.

Out Manufacturing reasons it makes sense to the pulper bottom of several inner perforated sheet metal segments to form a flat surface form. Close radially This is followed by further perforated sheet metal segments, which at an angle of rise a little 45 °. Then the grooves in the plane preferably extend approximately at right angles to the surface the displacement spiral and in the second section of the pulper floor - ie the first oblique section of the Pulpermantels (cone) under 45 degrees. Optimal would be an angle from 45 ° both in the plane as well as in the inclined area between the groove and the displacement spiral the ingredients well radially outward and slightly upwards promote.

All in all learns the pulper by this measure an increase in efficiency, as it leads to increased circulation with fiberizing and washing function comes and the more harmful Restricted rotation becomes.

Claims (10)

Pulper with a feed space and a displacement chamber, characterized in that the diameter of the feed chamber is at most 1/3 of the diameter of the displacement chamber. Pulper according to claim 1, characterized in that the diameter of the Zuführraums maximum 1/4 of the diameter of the displacer is. Pulper according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the diameter of the feed space is at most 1/5 of the diameter of the displacement room is. Pulper according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the diameter of the feed space is at most 1/6 of the diameter of the displacement room is. Pulper according to one of the preceding claims, characterized characterized in that the feed space a central to the displacement room premier Zuführspirale having. Pulper according to one of the preceding claims, characterized characterized in that the displacement chamber a displacement spiral and has a perforated plate. Pulper according to one of the preceding claims, characterized characterized in that the feed space a pulper access and the displacer one Has pure substance output, wherein between Pulperzugang and pure substance output a residue exit is arranged. Pulper according to claim 7, characterized in that the residual material outlet is arranged tangentially on the displacement chamber. Pulper according to one of the preceding claims, characterized characterized in that the feed space below the displacer is arranged. Pulper in particular according to one of the preceding Claims, characterized in that the diameter of the pulper to the height of the pulper is at least 1 and preferably more than 2.

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