DE102010017656B4 - Device for cutting and cutting cuttings - Google Patents

Abstract

Device (1) for cutting and cutting material to be cut, with a driven shaft (2) on which flail knives (3) are movably suspended on knife holders (6) which, when the shaft is driven (2), are essentially radial to the axis (under centrifugal force) ( 4) align the shaft (2), whereby each flail knife (3) is exchangeably fastened to an axially displaceable mounting bolt (10) passing through the knife holder (6), a locking spring (14) being provided for each flail knife (3) the axial displacement of the locating pin (10) only in a release position (24) of the locking spring (14) relative to the flail knife (3) that does not occur during operation of the device (1), characterized in that the locking spring (14) enables the axial displacement of the locating pin (10) in all at least two different securing positions (29, 30, 31.) that may occur during the operation of the device (1) ) the locking spring (14) with respect to the flail knife (3) securely blocked.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The invention relates to a device for cutting and cutting of cuttings, with a driven shaft, are movably suspended on the flail knives on knife holders, which align with driven shaft under centrifugal force substantially radially to the axis of the shaft, each flail knife passing through the knife holder , axially displaceable receiving bolt is replaceably mounted.

STATE OF THE ART

A device of the type described above is known from DE 10 2005 023 012 B4 or the EP 1 723 843 B1 known. The locating bolt, on which the flail knives are suspended freely pivotable, is realized here in the form of a screw, which is associated with a nut. On the one hand, such a screw / nut connection realizes the function of a locating pin for the flail knife and, on the other hand, represents a possibility of securing or releasing the locating bolt against axial displacement by the proper tightening of the nut when the flail knife is to be replaced. Proper replacement of any or all of the flail blades on the blade holders requires considerable time, special tooling, and careful assembly by properly tightening the bolt / nut connections. By attaching threads to the locating bolt there is a limited dependence on the hardening of the locating bolt, with which wear is to be counteracted.

Such screw / nut connections are widely used in various embodiments in the prior art. The connections tend to set and must therefore be checked regularly for their operational safety. Such compounds can disadvantageously solve themselves, especially when vibrations occur during operation of the device. For safety reasons, prescribed torques should be adhered to when mounting the screw / nut connections. This depends on the care of the installer and the tools available. The usable strengths in screw connections are limited, so that a corresponding wear occurs when such a device is operated on the receiving bolts.

The attachment of the flail knives to such devices can also be done in a modified manner, such as by the double use of a screw / nut connection. For example, this shows DE 89 13 065 U1 a two-part design of the flail knife, one of which has a cutting edge portion of the flail knife is in turn attached via a screw / nuts connection to the other part, so that when replacing only one part of the flail knife must be replaced. The connection between the other part of the flail knife and the knife holder is accomplished by a second screw / nut connection, which can remain untouched when changing blades. With such a device, the problem is only shifted. By using two or more than two screw / nut connections on each flail knife the risk of unintentional release of one or more of these compounds, especially when exposed to vibration, only larger and thus relatively disadvantageous. With the number of screw / nut connections that must be handled in a blade change, the effort increases accordingly, while the security suffers.

Another device for cutting and cutting of cuttings is from the US 4,525,990 known. The device has a driven shaft on which flail blades are movably suspended on blade holders, which are aligned substantially radially with respect to the axis of the shaft when the shaft is driven under centrifugal force. Each flail knife is interchangeably attached to an axially displaceable locating bolt passing through the knife holder. For each flail knife a locking spring is provided, which prevents the axial displacement of the receiving bolt. For this, the locking spring engages in a hole in the bolt. To remove the flail knife, the locking spring can be removed from the bore of the bolt and then the bolt.

Other devices for cutting and cutting of clippings are from the US 3,465,507 and the US 3,222,854 known. Again, safety springs are provided which have a safety position, which prevents accidental release of the flail knife.

OBJECT OF THE INVENTION

The invention has for its object to provide a device of the type described above with a new blade suspension, which avoids the disadvantages of using a screw / nuts connection principle. Furthermore, the flail knives are to be hung securely even if the assembly of flail knives is not performed with the utmost care. During operation of the device, the Even if a flail knife encounters an obstacle during operation, flail knives can not be detached from their suspension by the locating bolt.

SOLUTION

The object of the invention is achieved with the features of independent claim 1.

DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The new device avoids the use of a screw / nut connection and maintains at the suspension point of each blade only the function of the receiving pin for swinging suspension.

As a new additional element to the locating pin a safety spring is provided for each flail knife, so an element which has resilient properties, that is, for example, formed of spring steel, and which securely blocks the axial displaceability of the locating pin in all possibly occurring during operation of the device positions , This is not only the case with proper installation and taking a first securing position of the locking spring of the case, but also when this safety spring is not properly anchored or leaves its first securing position during operation of the device. The locking spring will then take a second position by acting centrifugal forces, but in which it also fulfills its security function, d. H. a loosening of the flail knife from the knife holder out can not take place. Thus, there may also be more than two securing positions of the locking spring relative to the flail knife or knife holders. In all these securing positions the flail knife is kept locked during operation so that it can not fall out of the device and be thrown off. Of course, the flail knife, for example, when hitting an obstacle during use, limited to pivot its receiving pin. However, even such a position does not lead to the release of the flail knife or knife suspension.

During the standstill of the device, ie when the shaft is not driven, however, a knife change is possible. It is sufficient in most cases, if only one release position is provided for the locking spring. To achieve this release position, the securing spring is manually pivoted and subsequently displaced so that it no longer blocks the axial displaceability of the locating bolt. The locating bolt can then be moved axially relative to the knife holder, whereby the flail knife is released and can be replaced or replaced. The further assembly of the suspension then only requires the insertion of the locating pin through the openings of the knife holder with appropriately placed flail knife and the use and the determination of the locking spring. In this case, the securing spring is determined in particular by a resilient latching. This can be done relative to the knife holders. For a proper installation is achieved. A knife change with disassembly and assembly can be time consuming, the attention of the fitter is required over the entire process at the large number of flail knives. Thus, a shaft with a length of only one meter already have about 18 flail knives or suspension points. There are applications with a wavelength of about 3 meters and about 60 flails or suspension points. But even if such a resilient latching is not reliably achieved during assembly on all knives a wave, so that the improperly mounted backup springs can only move in a comparatively other pivoted securing position under centrifugal force, in which also prevents the release of the flail knife becomes.

The new suspension of flail blades replaces the previously widely used in the art screw / nut connection with all its disadvantages through the interaction of a simple locating pin and a locking spring.

The driven shaft of the device can be arranged with its axis in particular horizontally or vertically, but also in any other spatial direction. Such waves may have a considerable length to allow a large working width. As a rule, a large number of flail knives are each arranged offset and movable on knife holders in such a way that the cut material is cut and cut over the entire working width. The shape of the flail knives and the number of individual parts of each flail knife is not critical to the invention. Thus, the flail knives may be formed in one or more parts, wherein the formation of the blades and the distribution of the mass of the flail blade is also variable.

It is essential that the flail blades can be aligned radially to the axis of the shaft when the shaft is driven, unless another position that deviates more or less from the exact radial orientation, for some reason makes sense. Each flail knife is suspended freely pivotable on a knife holder, so that it under centrifugal force can produce its hawking effect. The knife holder may in particular each consist of two bearing segments, which are arranged at a distance from each other, that when suspended in aligned openings of the bearing segments receiving bolt, the suspended flail knife on the receiving bolt between the bearing segments undergoes the required mobility for its pivoting under centrifugal force.

The securing spring is pivotally mounted on the receiving bolt. The pivoting extends to an angular range, which is usually formed smaller than 180 °. The pivoting can be realized in various ways, for example by a relative pivoting of the locking spring relative to the locating bolt or, if the locking spring and the locating bolt are integral, by a common pivoting. Within the pivotable area is a manually operable resilient latching, usually between the locking spring and knife holder provided. In this resilient latching a first securing position is given, which then occupies the locking spring when it is properly mounted. On the other hand, the manually operable resilient latching for the purpose of blade replacement is releasable, without the use of a special tool. If the retaining spring is not properly hung in the manually operable resilient latching, it can raise itself under centrifugal force and assume a second securing position, in which it also fulfills its safety function, d. H. blocked the axial displacement of the receiving pin. Finally, the locking spring can be brought into a release position. This happens under standstill of the shaft, so without centrifugal force. In this release position, the retaining spring can be manually changed in their position, usually shifted, that so that the axial displaceability of the receiving pin is released. The locating bolt can be removed from the blade holder and the blade change can thus be made. Subsequently, the securing spring is returned to its first securing position and the resilient latch made or taken.

The securing spring can advantageously be formed as an elongated component, whose one end region acts on the locating bolt and whose other end region can align substantially radially with respect to the axis of the shaft under the action of centrifugal force, when the resilient locking is released or has come loose during operation. The safety spring then assumes its second securing position. In this second securing position is structurally ensured that the axial displaceability of the locating pin in this second securing position is not possible.

Advantageously, the securing spring is formed and arranged to pivot in the direction of rotation of the driven shaft in the outline of the knife holder, wherein the resilient latching occurs in the pivoted position. This first securing position of the locking spring is thus accommodated protected, so that occurring obstacles during operation of the device can not lead to a departure from the first position of the locking spring. However, if the securing spring is not properly mounted or the resilient latching has not been properly achieved at the end of the assembly, then the retaining spring assumes a second securing position under centrifugal force, in which the axial displaceability of the receiving bolt is also blocked. It can also be provided the possibility to provide or form more than two securing positions for the locking spring over its pivotable area.

With particular advantage, the flail blades on the one hand and the associated locking spring on the other hand are suspended pivotally in opposite directions on the receiving bolt. The flail knife has the larger mass compared to the safety spring. This ensures that when loosening locking the righting locking spring does not change or hardly changes the cutting position of the flail blade, so that even in this position a proper work with the device is possible.

Each knife holder generally has two or at least two extending in the circumferential direction of the shaft and arranged at a distance bearing segments. These bearing segments can be identical. In general, the flail knife is pivotally suspended between the two spaced-apart bearing segments on the receiving bolt, wherein the pivoting is achieved in that the width of the flail knife at the suspension point by the required for the mobility of the flail diameter game is smaller than the distance between the two bearing segments from each other.

In particular, the securing spring can be designed as a U-shaped element with two legs engaging around the bearing segments and a central part connecting the legs. The two legs overlap the two bearing segments each outside and engage with their other end portions from the outside of the receiving bolt. As a rule, the two legs engage in grooves on the locating bolt. This applies to all security positions.

The two bearing segments can be flush open-edged recesses have, in which the central part of the securing spring is manually pivoted. Thus, the middle part and the legs of the locking spring is concealed in the outline of the bearing segments or of the knife holder formed from the two bearing segments. In that regard, occurring during operation of the device obstacles are rejected by the knife holder, so that they can not affect the safety spring. The open-edged recess can also be used at the same time to achieve the manually operable resilient latching.

On the other hand, it is also possible to realize the resilient latch regardless of the Einschwenkbarkeit of the central part of the locking spring in the outline of the knife holder. Thus, the resilient latching between the locking spring and the bearing segment may consist of an expression on the leg of the securing spring and a recess on the bearing segment or vice versa. Since the retaining spring is usually made of spring steel and thus flexible, the resilient latching can be manually brought or canceled, as it is required when changing the blade.

In particular, the resilient latching between the securing spring and the bearing segment can have at least one projection on the open-edged recess, behind which the middle part of the securing spring engages. Also, the central part of the locking spring is elastic, so that the projection targeted overcome and thus the resilient locking can be solved.

It is also possible that the one end region or the one end regions of the securing spring act on the locating bolt via a slot connection, wherein the elongated holes or a first region, which is assigned to the diameter of a circumferential groove on the receiving bolt, and a second region, the Diameter of the receiving pin is assigned, have. The slot connection can thus be realized on one or both legs of the locking spring. The slot connection is arranged longitudinally aligned in the securing spring as an elongate member. It is tuned in its design and arrangement to the distance of the free end of the locking spring to the surface of the shaft or a patch on the shaft element. Only in the release position can the second region of the oblong hole, which is larger than the diameter of the locating pin, be achieved. These embodiments have the advantage that the locking spring can be used optionally from two sides. This applies both when the locating bolt and the locking spring represent two separately manageable items. But even in an embodiment in which the receiving bolt and the securing spring are integrally connected to one another permanently, this is possible.

The locating bolt can have constant outer diameter over its length. On the other hand, it is possible that the receiving bolt has at its one end a stop collar whose diameter is formed comparatively larger, wherein the locking spring engages only in a groove at the other end of the receiving pin.

The securing spring may be essentially L-shaped and have only one leg acting on the locating bolt, while the other, shorter leg engages with its end region around the outline of the bearing segment. This is particularly useful for the second backup position.

When using a slot connection of the one end facing the shaft of the locking spring may have an extension which has a smaller distance to the surface of the shaft or to a arranged on the shaft securing element in all possible during operation of the device secured positions, wherein the distance prevents the ingestion of the greater part of the slot connection in these positions and only allowed in the manually reachable release position.

Advantageous developments of the invention will become apparent from the claims, the description and the drawings. The advantages of features and of combinations of several features mentioned in the introduction to the description are merely exemplary and can come into effect alternatively or cumulatively, without the advantages having to be achieved by embodiments according to the invention. Further features are the drawings - in particular the illustrated geometries and the relative dimensions of several components to each other and their relative arrangement and operative connection - refer. The combination of features of different embodiments of the invention or of features of different claims is also possible deviating from the chosen relationships of the claims and is hereby stimulated. This also applies to those features which are shown in separate drawings or are mentioned in their description. These features can also be combined with features of different claims. Likewise, in the claims listed features for further embodiments of the invention can be omitted.

The features mentioned in the patent claims and the description are with respect to their number so that there is exactly this number or a greater number than the said number, without requiring an explicit use of the adverb "at least". For example, when talking about an element, it should be understood that there is exactly one element, two elements or more elements. If, on the other hand, only the exact number of a feature is to be specified, the adjective "exactly" before the respective feature is used.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

In the following the invention will be further explained and described with reference to preferred embodiments shown in the figures.

1 shows a perspective view of a first embodiment of the knife suspension with receiving bolt and locking spring.

2 shows a perspective view of the receiving pin and the locking spring according to the embodiment of 1 ,

3 shows a side view of the first embodiment of the 1 and 2 in the first backup position.

4 shows a side view of the first embodiment of the 1 and 2 in the second securing position.

5 shows a side view of the first embodiment of the 1 to 4 in a third securing position of the locking spring shortly after hitting the flail knife on an obstacle.

6 shows the release position of the safety spring, out of the knife change is possible.

7 shows a perspective view of a second embodiment of the knife suspension with receiving bolt and locking spring.

8th shows a perspective view of the receiving pin and the locking spring of the second embodiment.

9 shows a side view of the second embodiment of the 7 and 8th in the first backup position.

10 shows a side view of the second embodiment of the 7 and 8th in the second securing position.

11 shows a side view of the second embodiment of 7 to 10 in a third securing position of the locking spring shortly after hitting the flail knife on an obstacle.

12 shows the release position of the locking spring of the second embodiment, from which the blade change is possible.

13 shows a perspective view of a third embodiment of the knife suspension with receiving bolt and locking spring.

14 shows a perspective view of the receiving pin and the securing spring as a one-piece element.

15 shows a side view of the third embodiment of 13 and 14 in a third securing position of the locking spring shortly after the hitting the blade on an obstacle in the third securing position.

16 shows a section along the line XVI-XVI in 15 for the third embodiment in the third securing position or release position.

17 shows a perspective view of a fourth embodiment of the knife suspension with receiving bolt and locking spring.

18 shows a perspective view of the receiving pin and the securing spring as a one-piece element.

19 shows a side view of the fourth embodiment of the 17 and 18 in a third securing position of the locking spring shortly after the hitting the blade on an obstacle in the third securing position.

20 shows a section along the line XX-XX in 19 concerning the fourth embodiment in the third securing position or release position.

DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

1 shows as an essential element of a device 1 a wave 2 on which a flail knife 3 suspended freely pivotable in a certain angular range. During operation of the device becomes the shaft 2 around its axis 4 in the direction of rotation 5 driven so that the flail knife 3 moved under centrifugal force in the illustrated upright position. It's just a flailknife 3 , d. h a suspension point shown. The wave 2 has over its axial length a plurality of such flail blades 3 or suspension points, which are arranged so overlapping in their mutual distance and in their arrangement, that a uniform processing of the cuttings on the working width occurs. The flail knife 3 can be formed in one or more parts. In the embodiment of the 1 - 6 has the flail knife 3 a center knife and two Y-shaped knives on. In the application is from a flail knife 3 the speech, regardless of whether this is one or more parts.

At each suspension point is for each flail knife 3 a knife holder 6 intended. Every knife holder 6 preferably consists of two bearing segments 7 and 8th spaced apart on the surface of the shaft 2 placed in the circumferential direction and arranged, for example, welded. The distance between the two bearing segments 7 and 8th is about that for the free pivoting of the flail knife 3 required clearance greater than the width of the flail knife 3 at this point. The bearing segments 7 and 8th can also be identical. The bearing segments 7 and 8th each have mutually aligned openings 9 ( 3 ), which is the inclusion of a locating bolt 10 serve. The locating bolt 10 has a constant outer diameter over its substantial axial length so that it penetrates into the apertures 9 the bearing segments 7 and 8th can be inserted, wherein he in this position corresponding suspension holes of the flail knife (not shown) passes through and thus the flail knives 3 holds commuting. The locating bolt 10 can at its one end a stop collar 11 having comparatively larger outer diameter. At its other end has the locating pin 10 a circumferential groove 12 , The locating bolt 10 owns or forms an axis 13 to the the flail knife 3 suspended freely swinging.

The locating bolt 10 is a safety spring 14 assigned. The safety spring 14 is here as a flat elongate member ( 2 ) educated. It may in particular consist of spring steel and thus have a corresponding elasticity. The thickness of the locking spring 14 is appropriate to the width of the gap 12 Voted. The safety spring 14 has a first end area 15 on top of the locating bolt 10 or the bearing segments 7 and 8th and thus the surface of the shaft 2 and is tuned to this. In this end area 15 owns the safety spring 14 a slot 16 , which for a slot connection 17 with the locating bolt 10 is trained. For this purpose, has the slot 16 a first area 18 with an opening that matches the diameter of the groove 12 is adjusted. The slot 16 has a comparatively wider second area 19 that is larger than the outside diameter of the locating pin 10 is trained. The two areas 18 and 19 go into each other. The slot 16 is in the longitudinal direction of the locking spring 14 arranged aligned. From this it is understood that after the insertion of the locating pin 10 in the aligned openings the safety spring 14 can be placed with the help of its second area and moved to a position in which the first area 18 the long hole 16 in the groove 12 of the locating pin 10 enters, so that so that the axial displacement of the locating pin 10 in the openings 9 the bearing segments 7 and 8th is blocked. Between the locking spring 14 and the knife holder 6 or the storage segment 7 is a resilient latching 20 educated. For this purpose, the securing spring 14 in her other end area 21 an expression 22 on top of a recess 23 on the knife holder 6 or the storage segment 7 assigned. In the illustrated embodiment also has the bearing segment 8th such a recess 23 so that the locating bolt 10 optionally from one side or the other into the knife holder 6 can be inserted and the locking spring 14 then used on one side or the other.

From the illustration of a single suspension point of the device 1 according to the individual elements according to 1 and 2 it is already apparent how a blade change takes place. For this purpose, the spring-elastic locking spring 14 at its radially outer end region 21 so far from the surface of the bearing segment 7 Manually bent until the expression 22 from the recess 23 on the storage segment 7 is released. Subsequently, flail knives 3 and locking spring 14 in a release position 24 ( 6 ) pivots, contrary to the direction of rotation 5 the resting wave 2 , Only in this release position 24 can the safety spring 14 in the by arrow 25 indicated direction relative to the surface of the shaft 2 be moved so that the first area 18 the long hole 16 out of the groove 12 exit and the safety spring 14 with her second area 19 from the locating bolt 10 can be removed. The axial mobility of the locating pin 10 is then released. This can be taken out to the other side, so that the flail knife 3 comes free and by a new or in the suspension reversed flail knife 3 can be replaced. In this assembly is then the receiving bolt 10 through the openings 9 in the storage segments 7 and 8th passed so that he has appropriate holes in the flail knife 3 interspersed and absorbs this. Subsequently, the locking spring 14 in the out 6 apparent release position 24 put on and against the direction of the arrow 25 pulled, leaving the first area 18 the safety spring 14 in the groove 12 entry. Then, with proper mounting, the safety spring 14 in the direction of rotation 5 relative to the wave 2 twisted until she in the 1 shown position occupies and the resilient locking 20 from the expression 22 and the recess 23 entry. For easier handling of the locking spring 14 serves a bend 26 at the free end of its end area 21 , At this point can also be the safety spring 14 For example, behind with a screwdriver.

From the graphic representation of the first embodiment in the 1 - 6 is already recognizable that of the shaft 2 facing end region 15 the safety spring 14 is designed or an extension 27 which is sized and arranged in its shape so as to be spaced 28 to the surface of the shaft 2 takes or can take. The extension 27 is with his distance 28 designed and arranged so that it only in the release position 24 ( 6 ) the relative entry of the locating pin 10 in the second area 19 the safety spring allows, so only in this release position 24 the knife change can be completed.

Except the release position 24 takes the safety spring 14 several securing positions, ie positions in which the axial displaceability of the locating pin 10 is blocked. A first backup position 29 is at completely proper installation and entry of the resilient latching 20 reached. This backup position 29 is in the 1 and 3 shown. The 1 and 3 show the relative arrangement and position of the flail knife 3 , the locating pin 10 and the locking spring 14 during operation of the device 1 ,

In 4 is a second backup position 30 shown. This second securing position 30 will then be during operation of the device 1 adjust when the fitter the resilient locking when changing blades 20 not set properly, but missed or forgotten, for example. Due to the centrifugal force of the driven shaft 2 Not just the flailknife 3 in the position shown radially to the axis 4 Align, but also the safety spring 14 around the axis 13 of the safety bolt 10 pivot against the direction of rotation, with the locking spring 14 on the Y-like bent leg of the flail knife 3 strikes. The mass of the leg spring 14 is compared to the mass of the flail knife 3 negligible, allowing the proper working position of the flail meter 3 through the applied locking spring 14 not appreciable, at least not detrimental, is changed, always in comparison to a properly inserted resilient locking 20 , Also in this second backup position 30 is the distance 28 of the extension 27 from the surface of the shaft 2 less than a relative displacement of the locating pin 10 in the second area 19 the long hole 16 requires. This means that even in this second securing position 30 the axial displaceability of the locating pin 10 is blocked, so the flail knife 3 is reliable and there is no possibility of release during operation.

5 shows a third securing position 31 the parts relative to each other, which then occurs when the flail knife 3 during operation encounters an obstacle, such as a stump or a stone. The flail knife 3 will be at least in the short term in the 5 shown represented securing position, ie opposite to the direction of rotation 5 the wave 2 , This third securing position 31 can also use the locking spring 14 occupy from various previous positions, for example, from the position according to 4 if the spring latch is not correctly inserted 20 , Another possibility, which is relatively unlikely, however, arises when the resilient latching 20 also by hitting the locking spring 14 is solved on the obstacle. Even then, the third securing position is due to centrifugal force 31 result. It can be seen that in this position the distance 28 of the extension 27 the safety spring 14 smaller than it is to reach the second area 19 the long hole 16 would be required.

From the graphic representation of the first embodiment according to the 1 - 6 , in particular from the 1 and 3 , it can be seen that in the first securing position 29 the locking spring 14 in the outline of the knife holder 6 or the bearing segments 7 and 8th is pivoted so that in this respect the safety spring 14 protected, so that the risk that an impact with obstacles is possible, is relatively low.

In the 7 - 12 a second embodiment of the invention is shown, which will be described below. The second embodiment is based on the first embodiment, which is why it can be largely referenced. Notwithstanding the first embodiment, here is the safety spring 14 designed as a U-shaped part, which two legs 32 and 33 having, through a central part 34 are connected. Compared to the safety spring 14 according to 2 Thus, as it were, a double arrangement of two elements is given, that over the middle part 34 are united to a common element. It is understood that the locating bolt 10 has constant diameter throughout its length, so without stop collar 11 is designed or at least can be designed. In the end areas 15 in the leg 32 and 33 is each a slot 16 provided, which also here first areas 18 and second areas 19 having. The locating bolt 10 has at its two ends depending on a groove 12 , Furthermore, each leg has 32 and 33 in the end areas 21 depending on a mirror symmetry arranged expression 22 on that with the corresponding recesses 23 at the bearing segments 7 and 8th work together. Each storage segment 7 and 8th of the knife holder 6 has an open-edged recess 35 , ie a kind of notch, which is in relation to the training of the middle part 34 the safety spring 14 designed and arranged. In this way, the middle part can be 34 the safety spring 14 with properly inserted resilient latching 20 protected in the outline of the two bearing segments 7 and 8th accommodate so that an obstacle is unable to provide the resilient latching 20 to solve.

9 shows - similar to 3 of the first embodiment - the properly mounted and secured flail blades 3 and the relative position of the locking spring 14 with inserted resilient locking 20 while driving the while 2 the device 1 ,

The embodiment of 7 - 12 has the peculiarity that between the bearing segments 7 and 8th in association with the flail knife 3 a stop bolt 36 is permanently arranged. The stop bolt 36 makes a stop for the flail knife 3 when it is straightened by centrifugal force. The stop bolt 36 is relative to the edge of the flail knife 3 designed and arranged so that a prestressed energy storage is formed, which upon impact of the flail knife 3 is brought to an obstacle advantageous to act.

In the embodiment according to the 7 - 12 is the flail knife 3 formed in one piece.

10 shows a view of a position which substantially with the representation of 4 the first embodiment is comparable. In the 10 illustrated second securing position 30 results under centrifugal force during operation, when during assembly or when changing the spring latching 20 was not properly inserted and / or the resilient latching 20 has solved. The arrangement of the stop pin 36 here leads to the safety spring 14 by their erection the position of the flail knife 3 at the stop bolt 36 not changed, so that reliably the angle of attack of the flail knife 3 also in this second securing position 30 is complied with.

11 shows - comparable to 5 the first embodiment - a position of the parts, as after the occurrence of the flail knife 3 to encounter an obstacle. The flail knife 3 will be opposite to the direction of rotation 5 swiveled back. At the same time, the safety spring 14 get rid of themselves and erect themselves as a result of centrifugal force, so that their middle part 34 approximately radially to the axis 4 pointing to the outside. It can be seen that the extension 27 , apart from the centrifugal force, prevents the safety spring 14 and subsequently the flail knife 3 to be able to solve. The border design of the extension 27 is relative to the surface of the shaft 2 adjusted, so that in this way in all positions a respective distance 28 arises. Instead of the surface of the shaft 2 as a counter-attack surface for the extension 27 You can also use a separate element at this point on the surface of the shaft 2 or the one or more bearing segments 7 and 8th be applied (not shown).

12 shows the release position 24 that when not driven shaft 2 can be taken. The flail knife 3 is pivoted back manually, as is the locking spring 14 by putting their middle part 34 from the open-edged recess 35 is pivoted out. This is the resilient latching 20 between the forms 22 and the recesses 23 solved. In the in 12 shown release position 24 can now manually the safety spring 14 in the direction of the arrow 25 be moved so that the second area 19 both long holes 16 himself with the locating bolt 10 covers so that it can be pushed out or pulled sideways. It then takes the knife change the flail knife 3 and the corresponding assembly up to the insertion of the resilient latching 20 ,

Based on 13 - 16 a third embodiment of the knife suspension is shown and described below. Again, reference may be made to numerous similarities to the first two embodiments. This third embodiment has the peculiarity that the receiving bolt 10 and the locking spring 14 are integrally formed or are joined together to form a common functional non-detachable part, which facilitates the handling accordingly and counteracts a Verlierbarkeit. The thigh 32 the safety spring 14 is with one end of the locating pin 10 over a weld 37 ( 16 ) permanently connected. The permanent connection can also be realized by riveting or screwing. The second leg 33 the safety spring 14 is here designed comparatively shorter and ends expediently in a bend 26 where it can be taken easier. 16 lets recognize that the thigh 33 with his bend 26 however, it is designed so long that it is the bearing segment 8th on the outside resiliently surrounds. This is due to appropriate design of the outer contour of the bearing segment 8th reached. Even in the presentation according to 15 in which therefore the resilient locking, which will be described below, is repealed, the securing effect of the locking spring occurs 14 one, so the third securing position 31 ,

The resilient catch 20 ( 13 ) of the locking spring 14 is realized here in other ways than previously described. In deviation from the design of the open-edged recess 23 according to 7 has the open-edged recess 35 a lead 38 , The middle part 34 or an area of the middle part 34 can be in the open-edged recess 35 behind the projection 38 supported latched. A release of the resilient latching takes place by manual bending of the elastic retaining spring 14 according to arrow 25 , Suitably, the two open-edged recesses 35 with their projections 38 on both bearing segments 7 and 8th designed to match, so that the mounting element of locating bolts 10 and locking spring 14 can be used either from the one as well as the other side in a blade change.

The second backup position 30 is not shown separately in this embodiment. It is easy to imagine that here too, similar to the representations of 4 and 10 , a secured second backup position 30 occurs if the resilient lock has not been inserted correctly or has come loose during operation. So here is the safety spring 14 It is designed to be multifunctional, ie it is designed and arranged to hold the three secured positions 29 . 30 . 31 can take and otherwise only one release position 24 is provided, which is not shown separately, but on the basis of 6 and 12 correspondingly results. However, the locking spring can be 14 here just about the axis 13 of the locating pin 10 manually pivot and do not move, allowing the lifting of double locking on the two bearing segments 8th and 7 by manual operation of the locking spring 14 is required.

Also, the embodiment of 17 - 20 builds on the versions described above. The flail knife 3 is here formed in two parts. The training and arrangement of the bearing segments 7 and 8th corresponds approximately to the embodiment of 13 - 15 , The safety spring 14 ( 18 ) is similar to the embodiment of the 2 designed for one-sided investment, so only one-sided provided. Again, the safety spring 14 with the locating bolt 10 riveted to a unit that can be handled together, bolted or welded. The second leg 33 the locking spring is comparatively shorter than the leg 32 designed, but in its length on the outline of the bearing segments 7 and 8th matched so that except the resilient latching 20 at the projection 38 a second resilient latching is achieved, in particular 20 is recognizable. The shorter leg 33 overlaps with its end and the bend arranged there 26 the storage segment 7 , This second resilient locking is also due to the flexibility of the locking spring 14 scored here too, only around the axis 13 of the locating pin 10 or can be pivoted together with this.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

contraption

2

wave

3

Flail Mower

4

axis

5

direction of rotation

6

knife holder

7

bearing segment

8th

bearing segment

9

perforation

10

locating pin

11

stop collar

12

groove

13

axis

14

securing spring

15

end

16

Long hole

17

Slot connection

18

first area

19

second area

20

resilient latching

21

end

22

shaping

23

recess

24

release position

25

arrow

26

bend

27

extension

28

distance

29

1st securing position

30

2nd securing position

31

3rd securing position

32

leg

33

leg

34

midsection

35

open-edged recess

36

stop pin

37

welding

38

head Start

Claims (15)

Contraption ( 1 ) for cutting and cutting clippings, with a driven shaft ( 2 ), on the flail knives ( 3 ) at Knife holders ( 6 ) are suspended movably, which is driven shaft ( 2 ) under centrifugal force substantially radially to the axis ( 4 ) the wave ( 2 ), each flail knife ( 3 ) on a knife holder ( 6 ) passing through, axially displaceable receiving bolt ( 10 ) is interchangeably attached, wherein for each flail knife ( 3 ) a safety spring ( 14 ) is provided, the axial displaceability of the locating pin ( 10 ) only in one during operation of the device ( 1 ) not occurring release position ( 24 ) of the safety spring ( 14 ) opposite the flail knife ( 3 ), characterized in that the safety spring ( 14 ) the axial displaceability of the locating pin ( 10 ) in all during operation of the device ( 1 ) at least two different backup positions ( 29 . 30 . 31 ) of the safety spring ( 14 ) opposite the flail knife ( 3 ) secured blocked. Contraption ( 1 ) according to claim 1, characterized in that the safety spring ( 14 ) on the locating bolt ( 10 ) is pivotally mounted, wherein the pivotability of the locking spring ( 14 ) by a manually operable resilient latching ( 20 ) can be blocked or released. Contraption ( 1 ) according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the safety spring ( 14 ) is formed as an elongate component, whose one end region ( 15 ) on the locating bolt ( 10 ) and whose other end region ( 21 ) substantially radially to the axis ( 4 ) the wave ( 2 ) under centrifugal force, when the resilient catch ( 20 ) or has dissolved during operation. Contraption ( 1 ) according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the safety spring ( 14 ) manually in the direction of rotation ( 5 ) of the driven shaft ( 2 ) in the outline of the knife holder ( 6 ) is formed and arranged pivotable, wherein the resilient latch ( 20 ) enters in the pivoted position. Contraption ( 1 ) according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the flail knife ( 3 ) on the one hand and the associated safety spring ( 14 ) on the other hand on the receiving bolt ( 10 ) are suspended pivotally in opposite directions and the flail knife ( 3 ) compared to the safety spring ( 14 ) has the larger mass. Contraption ( 1 ) according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that each knife holder ( 6 ) two in the circumferential direction of the shaft ( 2 ) extending and spaced bearing segments ( 7 . 8th ), between which the flail knife ( 3 ) on the locating bolt ( 10 ) is suspended pivotally. Contraption ( 1 ) according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the safety spring ( 14 ) is at least partially resilient in itself and the resilient region of the manually operable resilient latch ( 20 ) assigned. Contraption ( 1 ) according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the safety spring ( 14 ) as a U-shaped element with two bearing segments ( 7 . 8th ) encompassing legs ( 32 . 33 ) and one the thighs ( 32 . 33 ) connecting middle part ( 34 ), wherein the two legs ( 32 . 33 ) the two bearing segments ( 7 . 8th ) overlap each outside and with their one end ( 15 ) there on the receiving bolt ( 10 attack). Contraption ( 1 ) according to claim 8, characterized in that the two bearing segments ( 7 . 8th ) aligned edge-open recesses ( 35 ) into which the middle part ( 34 ) of the safety spring ( 14 ) can be swiveled in manually. Contraption ( 1 ) according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the resilient latching ( 20 ) between safety spring ( 14 ) and storage segment ( 7 . 8th ) from one expression ( 22 ) on the thigh ( 32 ) of the safety spring ( 14 ) and a recess ( 23 ) at the storage segment ( 7 . 8th ) or vice versa. Contraption ( 1 ) Claim 8 or 9, characterized in that the resilient latch ( 20 ) between safety spring ( 14 ) and storage segment ( 7 . 8th ) at least one projection ( 38 ) at the open-edged recess ( 35 ) behind which the middle part ( 34 ) of the safety spring ( 14 ) intervenes. Contraption ( 1 ) according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the one end region ( 15 ) or the one end regions ( 15 ) of the safety spring ( 14 ) via a slot connection ( 17 ) on the locating bolt ( 10 ), whereby the slot (s) ( 16 ) a first area ( 18 ), the diameter of a circumferential groove ( 12 ) on the locating bolt ( 10 ) and a second area ( 19 ) corresponding to the diameter of the locating pin ( 10 ). Contraption ( 1 ) according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the locating bolt ( 10 ) at its one end a stop collar ( 11 ) and the safety spring ( 14 ) only in a groove ( 12 ) at the other end of the locating pin ( 10 ) intervenes. Contraption ( 1 ) according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the safety spring ( 14 ) is substantially L-shaped and only one on the receiving bolt ( 10 ) attacking thighs ( 32 ), while the other, shorter leg ( 33 ) with its end region ( 21 ) the outline of the bearing segment ( 7 . 8th ) surrounds. Contraption ( 1 ) according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that when using the slot connection, the one of the shaft ( 2 ) facing end region ( 15 ) of the safety spring ( 14 ) an extension ( 27 in all during operation of the device ( 1 ) possibly occurring secure positions ( 29 . 30 . 31 ) a smaller distance ( 28 ) to the surface of the shaft ( 2 ) or to one on the wave ( 2 ) arranged securing element, which is the taking of the greater part of the slot connection in these positions ( 29 . 30 . 31 ) and only in the manually achievable release position ( 24 ).

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