DE102010016524B4 - Method for monitoring and controlling components of a vacuum sewer system - Google Patents

Abstract

Method for monitoring and controlling components of a vacuum wastewater system and / or its state, comprising at least one negative pressure source, optionally with a combined combined pressure accumulator and sewage collection tank, and at least one negative pressure manifold emanating therefrom, in which connection lines which are connected to connection shafts open Sucking accumulated in a port shaft waste water is arranged in the leading to the connection shaft connecting line suction valve via a first control by means of negative pressure, and wherein for monitoring the components they are connected via a transmission cable to a second controller, are generated via the signals to control the components, characterized in that the component to be monitored or the component to be monitored associated with the component is connected to an energy storage device via the Übertragungsungskabe l is supplied with voltage, and that in response to a generated in the second control and the component associated signal via the energy storage at least one of the component associated actuator is actuated, via which the component negative pressure or atmospheric pressure is supplied to switch the component.

Description

The invention relates to a method for monitoring and controlling components of a vacuum wastewater system and / or its state, comprising at least one vacuum source, optionally with a combined combined pressure accumulator and sewage collection tank and at least one outgoing therefrom vacuum manifold, open in the connecting lines that with connection shafts are connected, wherein for sucking accumulated in a connection shaft wastewater arranged in the leading to the connection shaft connecting line suction valve is connected via a first control by means of negative pressure, and wherein for monitoring the components they are connected via a transmission cable with a second control over the Signals are generated to control the components.

Of the EP 0 824 621 B1 is a vacuum sewage system to remove. In order to detect the level in a sewer manhole and actuate a solenoid valve to draw the wastewater when a specified level has been reached, a PLC control is used. To operate the valves then it requires a separate power supply for the switching of the solenoid valves.

A monitoring of house connection shafts of a vacuum sewer system via a bus system takes place in an electric shaft monitoring of Roediger Vacuum GmbH, 63450 Hanau, Germany. Float switches, reed switches or other signaling devices transmit signals to a central controller. In order to enable an assignment of the signals to the individual shafts, the shafts are addressed accordingly. In the case of an error message, a signal is generated, which is recorded and processed in the central control, to then make a check on site and possibly repair.

The present invention has the object, a method of the type mentioned in such a way that a self-regenerating system is provided without the need for a manual intervention in principle. It should also be ensured that the Verschaltungsaufwand is minimized and a system is available, which is self-sufficient for controlling the components to be monitored.

To solve the problem, the invention essentially provides that the component to be monitored or the component to be monitored is connected to an energy store, which is supplied with voltage via the transmission cable, and that is generated as a function of one generated in the second controller and the signal associated with the component is actuated via the energy store at least one actuator associated with the component, via which the component negative pressure or atmospheric pressure for switching the component is supplied.

According to the invention monitoring of the state or of components of a vacuum sewage system and a control of components via the components connecting to the control transmission cable, which at the same time durchschleift the required voltage to the energy storage, which are associated with the components and on the required energy available is set to activate the components especially in case of failure. For this purpose, the energy storage devices are connected with actuators via which the components to be monitored are subjected to negative or positive pressure as a function of the switching position of the components to be adopted. The actuators are in particular electromechanical actuators such as solenoid valves, via which a connection to the vacuum line or to the atmospheric pressure can be opened or closed.

The components to be controlled are in particular suction valves, by means of which a connection shaft is emptied, pneumatic slides to block or open strands or sections of the line network of the vacuum sewage system, or ventilation valves, to the desired extent targeted an air entry into the To allow pipeline network and thus ensure the promotion of wastewater.

The energy storage itself is supplied in particular by 12 V or 24 V DC, so that the requirements for explosion protection is easily met. Independently of this and in an embodiment of the invention to be emphasized, provision is further made for the energy store to be connected via an energy distributor to the at least one actuator associated with a component and via the transmission line to one or more further energy stores, so that the energy stores can be sufficiently supplied with energy to ensure actuation of actuators to the required extent.

According to the invention, digital and analogue signals relating to the condition and any problems in the vacuum sewer system, including its components, are recorded by remote transmission. An evaluation unit responds to the received signals or measurement data by using a control signal or a control signal command Triggered to the component from which the signal originates. All transmission data is recorded and available for evaluation.

Preferred applications are the following.

An overfilled vacuum network or overfilled vacuum line can lead to a loss of vacuum within sections of the pipeline network. By remote-controlled valves targeted air blast is generated, which leads to rupture of the water column required for the transport of the waste water in the vacuum lines. As ventilation valves, separate or existing extraction valves can be used in service connection shafts.

By means of a control signal, any valve in the vacuum line network can be influenced in its self-sufficient function. In the event of flooding in an area, manholes can thus be switched off in a targeted manner. As a result, a suction of flood water is prevented. For maintenance or general decommissioning exhaust valves can be remotely activated or deactivated.

If it is detected by the controller that one or more valves were not active for a predefined time, the valve or valves are remotely activated once to transfer residual wastewater to the vacuum sewer. Thus, digestion processes and associated odor development are prevented. At the same time, regenerating fresh air is sucked into the system.

The central control system monitors the activation of all valves and simultaneously monitors the development in the sewage collection tank. If there is too much waste water in the pipe system after the evaluation, ie in the pipeline network, the connection shafts are opened sequentially to the vacuum station. This air intake moves the water column to the vacuum or sewage collection tank in the vacuum station. Conversely, with heavily filled sewage collection tank, the extraction of various shafts can be delayed.

If there is a long shutdown of service chimneys with filled storage space, without an active vacuum in the network, the dynamic pressure required for the pneumatic control, which is required to operate the suction valve, may be reduced. This can occur in flood areas or in tourist areas. An automatic restart will gradually activate the suction valves from the vacuum station to the end of the vacuum line. Thus, the then reactivated shafts have the full dynamic pressure available, so that a manual intervention by operator personnel is unnecessary.

With unknown vacuum loss in the vacuum line network can be closed by the control, which is usually in the vacuum station, ie where the negative pressure is generated by control command or automatically one or more pneumatic slide in the vacuum network. An exclusion procedure analyzes the affected vacuum line and remains closed until the fault has been eliminated. The lock is reset remotely. Of course, a manual intervention is still possible.

Another application is the monitoring of hot water points. So it can be determined via a sensor of the floor drain of a shower or other hot water point, whether the hot water point is used. The suction process can then be triggered remotely, then to close after a follow-up time the process again.

In vacuum toilets usually the flushing process is initiated via a sensor button. The aspiration process and rinsing with water can be activated via the control. In the control, the suction time and the amount of water can be freely adjusted for the flushing process. Here are z. Example, two solenoid valves in use, being made via a water supply and the other the vacuum connection. In order to prevent a simultaneous activation of several toilets, it is possible to control them with a time delay. Thus, excessive vacuum loss is avoided.

There is also the possibility to remotely flush toilets to prevent solid deposits.

Furthermore, the possibility exists in sewage shafts, the level of wastewater level z. B. to detect via float switch. Upon reaching a level at which an aspiration should take place, the suction valve can be opened by remote command and the suction process can be initiated. When an alarm level is reached, an alarm is registered in the controller and can be transmitted to a control system. In addition, the vacuum level is detected and, if necessary, the vacuum line is ventilated by remote command.

If a valve is open for longer than the monitoring time allows, the valve is closed remotely. If the error persists, another opening is triggered by the control to release any blocking part in the valve.

Due to the teaching of the invention, it is also possible, different Separate wastewater fractions through a vacuum line, so brown water, black water, yellow water, gray water, industrial water or even bio / kitchen waste. The different fractions are collected in separate containers and promoted separately from each other. So can during the day z. As the gray water are promoted, the seizure is the largest. During the night, when small amounts of gray water are present, the waste water fractions collected in separate containers can then be extracted separately. This also gives the advantage that z. B. by brown, black or yellow water optionally in lines incrustations easily washed away by the subsidized greywater or industrial water in large quantities, so can be removed.

The invention thus provides that different waste water fractions are collected in separate connection shafts, which are sucked off separately via the vacuum manifold via separate suction valves controlled by the second control.

All these exemplified applications illustrate that a self-regenerating system is provided on the basis of the teaching according to the invention, which is self-sufficient in that in addition to the signals transmitting lines through which the supply voltage is looped, additional external energy sources are not required. In this way, in particular, there is the advantage that the system is operated independently of the mains supply, which is usually required to operate existing electromechanical valves in house shafts.

By looping through a 12 V or 24 V DC voltage, a safe handling is possible.

A higher-level regulatory intelligence is made available, the energy stores assigned to the actuators ensuring that the components are actuated to the required extent, so that the vacuum sewage system can operate largely without manual intervention. In principle, a check in the event of a fault is not necessary on site, since measures such as switching multiple valves or shutting off strands offer the possibility of self-regeneration.

Over the transmission cable is a permanent power supply, in particular the required for switching solenoid valves - regardless of long transmission distances of several kilometers - is ensured, each energy storage not only energy for or the associated actuators, but also for adjacent actuators to the extent required Can provide.

For more details, advantages and features of the invention will become apparent not only from the claims, the features to be taken these features - alone and / or in combination - but also the following description of the drawing to be taken preferred embodiments.

Show it:

1 a schematic diagram of a vacuum sewage system,

2 a block diagram of a shaft,

3 a block diagram of a vacuum line and

4 a block diagram of a power supply.

Of the 1 is purely in principle to take a per se known vacuum or vacuum sewage system. This comprises as essential components a vacuum station 10 with wastewater collection tank 12 in which via a vacuum source 14 How to pump a negative pressure is generated. The sewage collection tank 12 is with a lead 16 connected to, depending on the level in the waste tank 12 to empty this. These are in the wastewater tank 12 corresponding level sensors 18 arranged.

From the sewage collection tank 12 go one or more vacuum manifolds 20 out, in which connecting cables 22 . 24 . 26 lead to the connection shafts 28 . 30 . 32 in which wastewater from one or more objects, such as houses, is collected. A basic structure of a corresponding wastewater shaft is the 4 of the WO 01/25632 A2 refer to the disclosure of which reference is made. The shaft 32 is shown in the drawing.

In response to a dynamic pressure generated by the accumulated waste water, a control is operated, via which a suction valve 34 is opened to that in the connection shaft 28 . 30 . 32 accumulated wastewater via the connecting line 22 . 24 . 26 into the vacuum manifold 20 to suck, then the sewage into the sewage collecting tank 12 arrives. In that regard, reference is made to the well-known techniques, as these particular in the WO 01/25632 A2 have been described, the content of which is expressly incorporated by reference and which is the subject of the present disclosure.

The state of the vacuum sewer system and the components required for its function, which are in particular the mechanically operated suction valves 34 or slider 36 are shut off over the strands of the sewer network are monitored to then control the components depending on the state or problems occurring. This is a control 37 provided in the vacuum station 10 can be arranged. Sensors to be monitored such as pressure or level sensors and components, which are in particular the suction valves 34 and the slider 36 act are along the vacuum manifold 20 as well as the connecting cables 22 . 24 . 26 Transmission cable performed in the drawing according to 1 have the reference numerals corresponding to the vacuum accumulation and connection lines. The transmission cables may be z. For example, 5-wire cables are used, two of which are for signal transmission and two are for transmitting a supply voltage. Via the wires transmitting the signals can in the control 37 the state of the system or of the components are monitored, for. B. in the case of fault messages then actuators associated with the corresponding components to operate. So z. B. in the case of a suction valve this regardless of the accumulated in the sewer manhole wastewater or closed, it is for. B. to perform a functional test, either to ventilate the vacuum network, either to suck residual amounts of wastewater to anticipate a digestion process. This is purely exemplary based on the 2 be clarified.

In a sewer manhole 38 , which is also referred to as sewage collection, collects wastewater 40 on, the z. B. flows over a Freigelfällehausanschlussleitung.

Depending on the accumulated wastewater 40 a dynamic pressure is generated, which has a connection 42 to a controller 44 is transmitted to the pneumatic control after reaching a predetermined level and thus back pressure 44 to turn that to a suction valve 46 is subjected to the pressure prevailing in the vacuum line vacuum with the result that the suction valve can be opened and the wastewater can be sucked. As controls such come into question as these z. In WO 01/25632 A2 or the EP-O 649 946 A2 are described, the disclosure of which is expressly incorporated by reference.

In the sewage shaft 38 are level sensors 47 . 48 present, which are connected to a transmission line, not shown, along the connecting line 50 runs to the controller 37 to be connected. The individual sensors 47 . 48 are addressed in a known manner in the control system enclosing bus system, as well as actuators 52 . 54 that the suction valve 46 assigned.

Should z. B. in an error, the suction valve 46 open, same as the lower level sensor 47 signals that the sewage 40 is sucked to the extent necessary, so that there is a risk that air is sucked in to an excessive extent, so is the sensor 47 generates a signal via the transmission cable or the bus line in the controller 37 a command triggers to one of the suction valve 46 assigned actuators 52 . 54 to operate, which are preferably solenoid valves. In the case of the exhaust valve 46 is close, so is to be acted upon with atmospheric pressure, the actuator 54 actuated so that the corresponding valve connects to the atmosphere via a conduit 56 allows with the result that the exhaust valve 46 is closed.

If a suction does not take place when in the embodiment of the upper level sensor 48 a signal is generated, so is the controller 37 the actor 52 operated, over the over a line 58 the suction valve 46 with negative pressure can be acted upon, so that this opens and the wastewater 40 can be sucked off.

The actors 52 . 54 are remotely controlled and self-sufficient with energy. This should be based on the 4 be clarified. So is via the transmission cable, via which the signals from the sensors 47 . 48 or to the actuators 52 . 54 transmitted, a 12 V or 24 V DC voltage looped through. The corresponding line is in 4 with the reference number 60 characterized. This is with the controller 37 as well as a power supply 62 connected.

The transmission cable 60 is with a charging device 64 connected, over which an energy storage 66 being charged via an energy distributor 68 with a controller 70 for the actor 52 respectively. 54 is connected. Thus, the required energy is in the actuators 52 . 54 to hold the magnets on to the valve 46 to open.

Likewise, the other existing in the vacuum water system actuators energy storage are assigned to provide them self-sufficient with energy.

The energy distributor 68 allows it via the energy storage 66 not only the immediately associated with this actuators are supplied with energy, but possibly also other actuators, not shown, unless the associated energy storage should not have stored the required charge for actuating the actuators.

In the 3 is a further application of the teaching of the invention shown in principle purely. In the embodiment is in a vacuum line 72 a slider 74 arranged to optionally a section of the vacuum line 72 lock or release. This may be the case if z. B. via the vacuum line 72 air would be sucked in to an inadmissible extent or if inadvertently much waste water would be sucked in case of flooding.

Also is a corresponding slider 74 suitable for shutting off connections open to the atmosphere in order to prevent undesired introduction of air into the vacuum system.

If z. B. in the vacuum line 72 If an impermissible pressure drop is detected, then in this state of the vacuum sewage system, the signal will be displayed by the controller 37 detected, then over the bus line running along the vacuum line 72 runs, the slide 74 assigned actuators 76 respectively. 78 to press.

The actors 76 . 78 or the valves enclosing these are in a ventilation line 80 arranged, on the one hand a connection to the atmospheric pressure and the other to the vacuum line 72 allows. In one of the vacuum line 72 outgoing section 82 the ventilation line 80 there is a non-return valve 84 and a vacuum reservoir 86 , The section 82 then goes into a section 83 the line 80 over, in which the actuators 76 . 78 are arranged. Between the actors 76 . 78 there is a connection 88 to the slider 74 ,

If this is to be closed, then the solenoid valve of the actuator 78 closed, so that a connection to the atmosphere does not exist. The solenoid valve of the actuator 76 is open contrast, so that the vacuum reservoir 86 and thus the pneumatic slide 74 be subjected to negative pressure, with the result that the pressure-actuated cylinder in the spring-loaded ram the vacuum line 72 shut off because the negative pressure in the slider 74 overcomes the spring force acting on the plunger.

Should the slider 74 and thus the vacuum line 72 be opened, then the solenoid valve 76 closed and the solenoid valve 78 opened to the atmosphere, so that as a result, the piston retracted and thus the slide 74 the vacuum line 72 releases.

Claims (17)

Method for monitoring and controlling components of a vacuum wastewater system and / or its state, comprising at least one negative pressure source, optionally with a combined combined pressure accumulator and sewage collection tank, and at least one negative pressure manifold emanating therefrom, in which connection lines which are connected to connection shafts open Sucking accumulated in a port shaft waste water is arranged in the leading to the connection shaft connecting line suction valve via a first control by means of negative pressure, and wherein for monitoring the components they are connected via a transmission cable to a second controller, are generated via the signals to control the components, characterized in that the component to be monitored or the component to be monitored associated with the component is connected to an energy storage device via the Übertragungsungskab el is supplied with voltage, and that in response to a generated in the second control and the component associated signal via the energy storage at least one of the component associated actuator is actuated, via which the component negative pressure or atmospheric pressure is supplied to switch the component. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the components to be controlled are assigned to two associated with the energy storage actuators, wherein the component is acted upon by one of the actuators with negative pressure and the other actuator with atmospheric pressure. A method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that as a component to be controlled, a component from the group suction valve, pneumatic slide, vent valve is selected. Method according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the energy store is supplied via 12 V or 24 V DC. Method according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the energy store is connected via an energy distributor with the at least one actuator associated with a component and via the transmission line with further energy storage devices. Method according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a solenoid valve is used as the actuator. Method according to at least one of the preceding claims, wherein the vacuum manifold and the connecting lines are sections of a pipeline network of the vacuum sewage system, characterized in that the sewage filling of the pipeline network or sections of this is monitored and at exceeding a predetermined filling amount at least one ventilation or exhaust valve for targeted air supply is opened in the pipeline network. A method according to claim 7, characterized in that the opening of the at least one ventilation or suction valve over a fixed period of time or as a function of existing in the pipe network or the monitored section existing wastewater filling. Method according to one of claims 7 or 8, characterized in that the flooding of a connection shaft associated with this suction valve is blocked. Method according to one of claims 7 to 9, characterized in that the time period between switching operations of a suction valve is monitored and that after exceeding a predetermined period of time, the suction valve is opened independently of the waste water quantity present in the connection shaft associated with the suction valve. Method according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the wastewater quantity in the pipeline network is monitored and compared with the amount of sewage in the sewage collection tank and that are emptied with less wastewater in the sewage collection tank as in the pipe network one or more connection ducts. Method according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a hot water point such as shower or washbasin monitored and using this suction over the useful life plus. If necessary, a follow-up time takes place. Method according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that in case of unacceptable pressure losses in the pipeline network by successively blocking off sections of the pipeline network and then again pressure monitoring of the pressure loss causing section is determined and then this is shut off until the fault repair. Method according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that after triggering a rinsing of a vacuum toilet rinsing time and suction time are controlled taking into account any activations of other vacuum toilets and / or connected to the vacuum system waste consumer sites. Method according to at least one of claims 7 to 9, characterized in that the opening time of a valve is monitored and this is closed automatically after exceeding a predetermined period of time. Method according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that different waste water fractions are collected in separate connection shafts, which are sucked off via separate from the second control suction valves separated from each other via the vacuum manifold. A method according to claim 16, characterized in that wastewater fractions from the group yellow, black, brown, gray, industrial, organic and kitchen waste collected separately and promoted separately.

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