DE102009049540A1 - Device for reprocessing greywater, comprises an inlet comprising a collecting tank, a treatment tank, a process water tank connected with an outlet of the treatment tank and a filter between the treatment tank and process tank - Google Patents

Abstract

The device for reprocessing greywater, comprises an inlet (2) for the greywater to be reprocessed, comprising a collecting tank (10), a treatment tank (20) supplied from the collecting tank, for mechanically and/or biologically treating the greywater, a process water tank (50) connected with an outlet of the treatment tank, from which the process water is removed for reprocessing, and a filter (33) between the treatment tank and the process water tank. An UV- sterilizing device is arranged between the filter and the process water tank. The device for reprocessing greywater, comprises an inlet (2) for the greywater to be reprocessed, comprising a collecting tank (10), a treatment tank (20) supplied from the collecting tank for mechanically and/or biologically treating the greywater, a process water tank (50) connected with an outlet of the treatment tank, from which the process water is removed for reprocessing, and a filter (33) between the treatment tank and the process water tank. An UV- sterilizing device is arranged between the filter and the process water tank. The treatment tank comprises many treatment tanks in a series, where the process water tank is connected with the outlet of the last treatment tank and the filter is arranged between the last treatment tank and the process water tank. A sedimentation tank is arranged between the treatment tank and the process water tank, for sedimenting suspended materials of the treated greywater. The filter is arranged between the sedimentation tank that is arranged behind the treatment tank and the process water tank. A pump is arranged between the sedimentation tank that is arranged behind the treatment tank and the filter, where the pump is provided for feeding the filters with the greywater volume stream. The filter is a backwash filter. The filter is connected with a valve-controlled branch duct over a switching valve arranged behind the filter, which flows into the process water pipe. The filter is connected with a backwash water pipe for discharging backwash water, over a switching valve. The filter is connected with the sedimentation tank arranged after the treatment tank for retention of rinse water over a valve-controlled rinse water pipe. The filter is a two-layer filter. The filter comprises a layer made of quartz sand or fine gravel and an overlying layer made of anthrazite. An independent claim is included for a method for reprocessing greywater.

Description

The invention relates to a plant and a process for the recycling of gray water.

Greywater means a faecal-free, slightly polluted wastewater, which is obtained, for example, when showering, bathing, washing hands or even in a rinse cycle of a washing machine. This water can be recycled for reuse where drinking water quality is not essential.

In a known device and a known method for recycling greywater three containers are connected in series. The greywater first passes into a first container where it is treated, then into a second container where it is treated again. The quality of the water in the second container is already slightly better than in the first container. From the second container, the treated water finally passes into a third container, where it is stored as so-called operating or clear water for immediate reuse, for example for toilet flushing, washing machines or garden irrigation ( EP 0 732 457 ).

Since the greywater treated in the treatment tanks still contains germs, i. H. contains pathogenic microorganisms, greywater plants usually have appropriate sterilization devices, the z. B. cause the sterilization with the help of UV radiation. The problem here is that self-treated greywater always carries a certain proportion of fine impurities, especially suspended or turbid substances, with it. These can settle in the form of a film or coating on the degermination device and affect their disinfecting function or effect. As a result, there is a fundamental risk that the quality requirements imposed on operating or clarified water will be undermined and that contaminated water will reach private or public institutions as part of a reuse.

Another disadvantage of known systems for the recycling of gray water is that they are usually only suitable for batch operation.

The invention is therefore based on the object to provide a plant for the reprocessing of gray water with improved reprocessing performance and a corresponding method. The plant and the method should be particularly suitable for continuous operation.

This object is achieved by an installation with the features of independent claim 1. Preferred embodiments of the system are the subject of dependent claims 2 to 12. A method for the regeneration of gray water is the subject of independent claim 13. Preferred embodiments of the method are subject of the claims 14 to 22. The wording of all claims is hereby incorporated by express reference into the content of the description.

The plant according to the invention is a plant for reprocessing greywater with at least one collecting tank having an inlet for the gray water to be reprocessed, at least one treatment tank supplied from the collecting tank for the mechanical and / or biological treatment of the gray water to be reprocessed and at least one with one Outlet of the at least one treatment tank connected operating water tank from which the process water (recycled greywater) is removed for reuse, wherein between the at least one treatment tank and the at least one service water tank, a filter is arranged.

By arranging a filter between the at least one treatment tank and the at least one service water tank, it can be ensured that the suspended matter or turbidity content of the treated gray water is reduced, which ultimately significantly improves the operating or clarified water quality.

In a preferred embodiment, a sterilization device, preferably a UV sterilization device, is arranged between the filter and the at least one process water tank. The filtration of the treated greywater has the consequence that less turbid matter or suspended substances in the form of deposits or films can settle on the degermination device, which leads to an improvement in the sterilizing or disinfecting action of the sterilization device. In addition, expensive care and maintenance measures of the sterilization device, which would cause undesirable interruptions of the reprocessing process. Overall, the life of the sterilization device can be significantly extended by a filtration of the treated gray water.

In a particularly preferred embodiment, the at least one treatment container comprises a plurality of, preferably in series, in particular cascade-like in series, arranged or switched, treatment container. The at least one Operating water tank is preferably connected to an outlet of the last treatment tank. The filter is preferably arranged between the last treatment tank and the at least one service water tank. Each treatment tank has an inlet and an outlet / outlet for the gray water. The treatment containers are usually connected to each other via corresponding supply lines. The number of treatment tanks is basically variable. It depends in particular on the size and / or number of units to be supplied with purified gray water. For example, if the units are an apartment or a single-family home, one to three treatment tanks may be sufficient. If larger units, for example hotel complexes, multi-family houses, housing estates, company buildings and the like, are to be supplied with purified gray water, which is preferred according to the invention, the at least one treatment tank can comprise up to 12 treatment tanks, possibly even more. As a rule, the at least one treatment tank comprises 1 to 12 treatment tanks, preferably 4 to 12 treatment tanks.

Between two treatment containers, a pump-controlled supply line is provided in a further embodiment. Preferably, treatment tanks arranged in front of the supply line are provided in this way (pump-controlled supply line) to compensate for underflows of a defined greywater filling level in treatment tanks arranged downstream of the supply line. The greywater filling level in the treatment containers arranged after the supply line can in principle be freely defined. Preferably, the filling level is defined or defined such that microorganisms suitable for biological purification of the gray water find optimal living conditions and, in particular, a biological purification is possible under as reproducible conditions as possible. The pump of the supply line may be provided with or connected to a control device. The control device can detect, for example, the filling level and / or the dwell time of the gray water in the treatment tanks arranged after the supply line, for example by means of suitable pressure and / or Zeitmeßgeräte, and evaluate to decide whether the pump should be switched on or off or continue to operate , As a result, even minimal undershoots of a defined greywater fill level can be compensated or corrected in the treatment containers arranged after the supply line. To avoid exceeding a defined gray water level in the arranged after the pump-controlled supply line treatment containers, they may have an emergency overflow. With particular advantage, the treatment containers arranged in front of the supply line additionally serve as additional collecting containers for subsequent greywater originating from the at least one collecting container. The treatment containers arranged in front of the supply line can have fluctuating fill levels of gray water during plant operation. Despite fluctuating fill levels, microorganisms can flourish in these treatment containers, which make possible at least one type of biological pre-cleaning of the gray water. According to the invention, it is preferred if the main biological purification of the gray water takes place in the treatment tanks, which are arranged downstream of the pump-controlled supply line.

In the at least one treatment tank, a mechanical and / or biological treatment of the gray water takes place. For biological purification, the at least one treatment tank usually microorganisms, especially bacteria, which degrade the impurities contained in the gray water. The degraded impurities settle as sludge at the bottom of the at least one treatment tank, where they can be flushed out of the at least one treatment tank via a sludge outlet. The at least one treatment container preferably has a carrier for colonizing microorganisms. In principle, the carrier can be inoculated with the microorganisms before the system is put into operation. In general, however, the carrier is colonized already a short time after start-up of the plant with suitable microorganisms. The carrier expediently has a large surface area. This promotes a strong colonization or colonization of the carrier with microorganisms, which in turn leads to a better biological purification of the gray water. Furthermore, the support may be present as a fixed or fluidized bed in the at least one treatment tank. Suitable carriers are usually formed from plastic materials.

If the at least one treatment container comprises a plurality of treatment containers, preferably arranged in series, the quality of the gray water from treatment container to treatment container increases due to the mechanical and / or biological cleaning taking place there.

Since the biological purification of the gray water is accompanied by a certain oxygen consumption, it can be provided according to the invention that the at least one treatment container has an aeration device, for example a membrane aerator. Through the ventilation device atmospheric oxygen is blown into the at least one treatment vessel, whereby the microorganisms always enough oxygen available they need to break down the impurities. With particular advantage, a weak, in particular circulating, flow can be generated by means of the aeration device in the gray water to be treated, whereby the water is preferably passed regularly past carriers populated with microorganisms. Depending on the oxygen consumption of the microorganisms, it may be appropriate for the at least one treatment container to have more than one ventilation device, for example two ventilation devices.

In a particularly preferred embodiment, the connection between the at least one treatment tank and the at least one service water tank via at least one sedimentation tank. The at least one sedimentation container preferably has no aeration device, no carrier suitable for colonization with microorganisms and / or no microorganisms. Preferably, the at least one sedimentation container is provided exclusively for the sedimentation of impurities which may be present in the treated gray water, in particular suspended or turbid substances. The sedimented suspended solids can be flushed out of the at least one sedimentation container as sludge via a valve-controlled sludge outlet. As a result, in the at least one sedimentation tank, therefore, an additional purification of the gray water originating from the at least one treatment tank takes place by additionally reducing its turbidity content. The at least one sedimentation container is particularly preferably arranged directly behind the at least one treatment container. As a rule, the at least one sedimentation tank is connected to the at least one treatment tank via a supply line. Usually, the plant has a sedimentation tank.

If the at least one treatment container comprises a plurality of treatment vessels, preferably one behind the other, the at least one sedimentation vessel is preferably arranged behind the last treatment vessel.

The filter is preferably arranged between a sedimentation container arranged behind the at least one treatment tank and the at least one process water tank. In other words, it is particularly preferred according to the invention, if the plant according to the present invention, at least one an inlet for the reprocessed greywater collecting tank, at least one supplied from the reservoir treatment tank for mechanical and / or biological treatment of the reprocessed gray water, at least one with an outlet of the at least one treatment vessel associated sedimentation tank and at least one connected to an outlet of at least one sedimentation tank operating water tank from which the operating water is removed for reuse has, wherein between the at least one sedimentation tank and the at least one service water tank, a filter is arranged.

Between the at least one treatment tank, preferably between at least one sedimentation tank arranged behind the at least one treatment tank, and the filter, in another embodiment, a pump for charging the filter with a gray water volume flow is arranged. Preferably, the pump is provided for the continuous feeding of the filter with gray water. Furthermore, it may be preferred that the pump feeds the filter with a constant or defined gray water volume flow, matched to the optimum operating range of the filter. Preferably, the gray water volume flow in this case be between 0.1 to 1.5 m ³ , preferably 0.6 to 1.2 m ³ , in particular about 0.7 m ³ , gray water per hour. This allows the filter to work in an optimal volume range specific to it. The operation of the pump is preferably coupled to the operation of a degermination device. In this way it can be ensured that the pump is operated only when operating the sterilization device or after expiration of any required preheating time, as may be provided, for example, in UV sterilization devices for the UV emitters present there. For this purpose, the pump and the sterilization device can be controlled via a common control device, which detects and evaluates, for example, the filling level of the at least one treatment container or at least one sedimentation container.

The inventively provided filter is preferably a backwash filter. In other words, filter residues on the non-filtrate side of the filter can be eliminated by means of a backwashing process. Preferably, the filter for a backwash via a switching valve, in particular via a three-way switching valve, connected to a valve-controlled branch line, which opens into an operating water line. The switching valve is preferably arranged behind the filter or on the filtrate side of the filter. The switching valve and / or the valve of the branch line can be provided or connected to a control device. The control device preferably detects the filter admission pressure and decides whether the changeover valve in the direction of the branch line and / or the valve of the Branch line for backwashing the filter to be opened with process water or not.

For discharging backwash water, the filter is preferably connected via a switching valve, in particular via a three-way switching valve, with a backwash water line. The switching valve is preferably arranged in front of the filter or on the non-filtrate side of the filter.

For retention of rinse water (water, which is obtained after rinsing the filter and optionally may contain impurities, especially suspended or turbid matter), the filter is preferably via a valve-controlled rinse water with the at least one treatment container, preferably with at least one behind the at least one Treatment tank arranged sedimentation, connected.

The filter provided according to the invention is in a preferred embodiment a multilayer filter, in particular a two-layer filter. Preferably, layers of the filter, viewed in the filtration direction, particles with different, in particular increasing fineness. The impurities which may still be present in the treated gray water are preferably deposited in different layers of the filter in accordance with their size. The multilayer filter preferably has at least one layer of sand, in particular quartz sand, or gravel, in particular fine gravel, and at least one layer of an organic material lying above it. The organic material is preferably high-grade coal, in particular anthracite. An anthracite with a grain size between 0.6 and 4.0 mm, a density of 0.8 to 1.50 g / cm ³ , a bulk density of 400 to 600 kg / m ³ and a carbon content of more than 80% is particularly preferred according to the invention prefers.

The at least one collecting container of the system according to the invention serves to subject the gray water to a pre-cleaning by freeing the gray water in the at least one collecting container of coarser impurities, for example hair, fluff and the like. This is done essentially by the fact that said impurities settle as sludge in the bottom region of the at least one sedimentation container. The sludge can be flushed out of the at least one collecting container via a valve-controlled sludge discharge. Preferably, a pump for supplying the at least one treatment container with gray water is arranged between the at least one collecting container and the at least one treatment container. The pump, which is preferably an underwater pump, can be provided or connected to a control device. The control device can, for example, register and evaluate the greywater level in the at least one treatment tank in order to decide whether the pump should or should not be switched on or, if appropriate, the pump should continue to be operated. Furthermore, it can be provided according to the invention that behind the pump and before the at least one treatment vessel, a pre-filter or a screen for a further pre-cleaning of the gray water is arranged. The pre-filter may in particular be a vortex fine filter. For rinsing the filter, a rinsing device, in particular a rotary nozzle, can be arranged above the filter, which can be supplied, for example, with process water or, if operating water is not available, with drinking water. As a rule, the system according to the invention has a collecting container, but in principle several collecting containers can also be provided.

In a further embodiment, the at least one collecting container is arranged at a lower level than the other containers (treatment container, operating water container and preferably sedimentation container). By arranging the collecting container below the level of the other containers can be ensured that you can manage on the inlet side without pumps. Since the pumps are always provided with controls for switching on and off the pump because of the unpredictable seizure of gray water, you also save these controls and the associated sensors. Regarding further features and advantages will be on the not yet published German application with the file reference 10 2009 037 169.9 Reference is made to the disclosure of the content of the present description by express reference.

The at least one service water tank is used for the storage of purified gray water (operating or clear water). The at least one service water tank generally has a valve-controlled supply line for supplying a unit with process water. In the event that not enough operating water is available, the at least one service water tank can be connected to a valve-controlled drinking water pipe. According to the invention, the plant may have at least 1 to 4 service water tanks.

Preferably, all containers of the system are arranged at the same level or at the same height.

The valves of the system can basically be manually operable valves, electric valves, solenoid valves and / or hydraulic act actuated valves. In order to realize event-controlled, in particular time-controlled or interval-controlled (intermittent) sequences, it is preferable to use electric valves, solenoid valves and / or hydraulically operated valves. The valves may at least partially be ball valve valves.

Another aspect of the invention relates to a process for the recycling of gray water, in particular by means of a system according to the invention according to one of the embodiments described above. In the method according to the invention, greywater is introduced into at least one collecting container, from which at least one collecting container is transferred, at least one treatment container, pumped, in which at least one treatment container is mechanically and / or biologically treated for the removal of impurities and the treated greywater is treated in at least one Operating water tank transferred, in which it is removed as operating and clear water for reuse, where in the treated gray water optionally present impurities, in particular suspended or turbid matter, are removed by means disposed between the at least one treatment tank and the at least one service water tank filter ,

The gray water is preferably introduced by means of a valve-controlled introduction line into the at least one collecting container. The valve is preferably provided or connected to a control device which detects and evaluates the level of greywater in the at least one collecting container in order to decide whether the valve of the introduction line should be opened or not. This has the advantage that when overfilling the at least one collecting container with gray water the valve of the introduction line can be controlled and closed. The greywater which then accumulates when the valve is closed is preferably conducted via a branch line directly into the sewage system or into a sewage treatment plant.

The gray water originating from the at least one collection container is transferred in a further embodiment via a pre-filter or a sieve into the at least one treatment container, generally pumped. As already mentioned, it may be provided according to the invention to rinse the pre-filter by means of a flushing device in order to free it from filter residues. The flushing of the prefilter can be done for example by means of a rotary nozzle, which can be charged via a valve-controlled service water or drinking water pipe with operating or drinking water.

In a particularly preferred embodiment, the gray water is transferred from the at least one collecting container into a plurality, preferably in series, treatment tank, usually pumped, and treated in the treatment tanks, wherein the filter between the last treatment tank and the at least one service water tank is arranged. The gray water thus passes into a plurality of treatment tanks, wherein the gray water pollution is reduced due to the occurring in each treatment tank mechanical and / or biological treatment of treatment tank to treatment tank. A row-like or cascade-like series connection of a plurality of treatment containers has the further advantage that the method according to the invention can be operated not only in batch mode but also continuously. Preferably, the gray water is transferred between two of the plurality, preferably arranged in series, treatment tanks via a pump-controlled supply line. As a result, as already mentioned, underruns of a defined greywater filling level can be compensated for in treatment tanks arranged after the supply line. Exceeding a defined greywater level can be compensated for via emergency overflows of the treatment tanks. With regard to further features and advantages, reference is made to the previous description.

In a particularly preferred embodiment, the treated gray water is transferred to at least one operating water tank prior to transfer into at least one sedimentation, in which case the filter is preferably arranged between the at least one sedimentation and the at least one service water tank.

Preferably, the filter is fed by means of a pump continuously with gray water. Furthermore, it is preferred if the pump feeds the filter with a constant volume flow of gray water, in particular with 0.1 to 1.5 m ³ gray water per hour. The pump is preferably arranged between the at least one treatment tank or between at least one sedimentation tank arranged behind the at least one treatment tank and the filter. For further features and advantages, reference is made to the previous description.

As already mentioned, the filter used is preferably a backwashable filter, in particular a multilayer filter. The backwashing of the filter can be done automatically. Preferably, the filter is arranged for a backwashing by switching a switching valve, preferably by switching one behind the filter (filtrate side) Changeover valve, flushed with process water via a valve-controlled branch line, which is connected to an operating water line. In the event that no service water for backwashing the filter is available, the backwashing of the filter can alternatively be done with drinking water. The switching valve is preferably a three-way switching valve.

Backwashing water is discharged in a further embodiment by switching a switching valve, preferably by switching a valve disposed in front of the filter (unfiltrate side) switching valve, via a backwash water line. The switching valve, which is also preferably a three-way switching valve, is preferably arranged on the non-filtrate side of the filter. The backwashing of the filter is preferably carried out automatically, for example by means of a control device which detects the filter form. With regard to further features and advantages, reference is made in full to the previous description.

After completion of the backwashing, the filter is preferably rinsed with greywater from the at least one treatment tank or with gray water from at least one sedimentation tank arranged after the at least one treatment tank. Rinse-clear water is preferably returned to the at least one treatment tank or preferably into at least one sedimentation tank arranged behind the at least one treatment tank via a valve-controlled rinse water line.

In a particularly preferred embodiment, the treated gray water is sterilized by means of a sterilization device, preferably a UV sterilization device, arranged between the filter and the at least one operating water tank.

If it emerges during operation that there is too little operating water or clear water for removal or reuse in the at least one operating water tank, then it can be provided according to the invention that the at least one operating water tank is filled with drinking water via a valve-controlled feed line.

The advantages of the invention can be summarized as follows. Through the filtration, in particular multi-layer filtration, of the gray water, the operating or clarified water quality with respect to solids or turbidity content is improved. The use of at least one sedimentation tank after the at least one treatment tank causes an additional improvement in the quality of the process water. Improved water quality improves the sterilizing or disinfecting effect of a sterilization device and in particular increases its service life, since less turbid matter can deposit as deposits on the sterilization device.

Furthermore, the system according to the invention is particularly suitable for continuous process control. Accordingly, as already mentioned, the process according to the invention is preferably operated continuously. By means of plants according to the invention more than 8 m ³ , preferably 12 to 20 m ³ , possibly even more cubic meters, of process water per day can be made available. Accordingly, the system according to the invention is particularly suitable for supplying larger units with process water. The larger units may be, for example, housing estates, hotel complexes, office buildings, company buildings or public facilities, in particular swimming pools.

By a continuous operation of the system also the sterilization device and in particular the filter can be made smaller, which makes the system and the process carried out with the aid of the system attractive from an economic point of view. A cascade-like series connection of treatment containers also favors the settlement of specific, adapted to the respective gray water pollution in the treatment containers microorganisms. Overall, this leads to an improvement in the biological treatment performance of the plant.

Further features, details and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the following description of preferred embodiments of the invention in combination with the features of the claims and with reference to the single figure.

Here, the figure shows schematically a proposed by the invention plant for the reprocessing of gray water.

figure description

The plant shown schematically in the figure 1 is especially suitable for the reprocessing of gray water, which is intended for reuse in larger units, such as hotel facilities. The attachment 1 includes a collection container 10 , a series of treatment containers 20 , a sedimentation tank 30 and a service water tank 50 , The containers 10 ; 20 ; 30 ; 50 are arranged essentially at the same level. The treatment tanks 20 are cascaded in series. A total of up to twelve, possibly even more, treatment tank 20 be provided. The containers 10 ; 20 ; 30 ; 50 have a conically tapering towards the container bottoms, whereby the accumulation of sludge in the bottom region of the container 10 ; 20 ; 30 ; 50 is favored.

The collection container 10 has an inlet 2 for the greywater accumulated in a unit (not shown). For introducing the incurred gray water in the collection 10 is the inlet 2 via a valve-controlled introduction line 3 connected to the unit. For rinsing in the collecting container 10 incurred mud possesses the sump 10 a valve-controlled sludge discharge 4 , Usually contains the collection container 10 no ventilation devices, no carrier materials for colonization with microorganisms and in particular no suitable microorganisms for the purification of gray water. The in the collection container 10 On the contrary, preliminary cleansing is based exclusively on sedimentary processes. To avoid overcrowding with greywater has the reservoir 10 an emergency overflow 9 , Alternatively or in combination, the valve 6 the transfer line 3 be provided with a control device or connected, for example, the filling level in the sump 10 recorded and, if necessary, the valve 6 the transfer line 3 drives and closes. If necessary accumulating gray water is then through the drain line 8th directly into the sewage system or a sewage treatment plant 63 drained.

The collection container 10 is about one with a pre-filter 12 Provided supply line 13 with the first treatment tank 20 the total of twelve treatment containers connected in series 20 connected. The pre-filter 12 can via a rotary nozzle 14 be rinsed with process water. For this purpose, the rotary nozzle 14 via a valve 16 with a service water pipe 17 connected and by opening the valve 16 be fed with process water. To feed the first treatment tank 20 with greywater has the collecting tank 10 a pump 11 on.

The successive, ie in series, connected treatment tank 20 are via supply lines 21 ; 25 connected with each other. Usually, each supply line connects 21 ; 25 an outlet of a previous treatment tank 20 with an inlet of a subsequent treatment tank 20 , The treatment tanks 20 have carrier materials for colonization with microorganisms. In general, the carrier materials are already a short time after commissioning of the system or charging the treatment tank 20 with greywater populated by microorganisms. The support materials may be in the form of a so-called fixed bed or fluidized bed in the treatment tanks 20 available. Furthermore, the treatment tank 20 Ventilation devices, such as membrane aerators, for blowing in atmospheric oxygen own. As usually in the first treatment tanks 20 Due to the larger amounts of impurities, a greater oxygen depletion by the microorganisms degrading the impurities can be observed in the front treatment tanks 20 In principle, several ventilation devices be provided in order to provide the living microorganisms there with enough oxygen in the air.

The supply line 25 between the fourth and fifth treatment tanks 20 is with a pump 23 provided or connected. The pump 23 may be provided with or connected to a control device, which the filling level of gray water in the treatment tanks 20 which are behind the supply line 25 are arranged. To the pump 23 To protect against a dry run, a valve 22 be provided.

Every treatment container 20 has a valve-controlled sludge discharge 24 , causing the bottom of the treatment tank 20 accumulated mud in the drain pipe 27 can be flushed out.

The sedimentation tank 30 is via a supply line 29 with the last treatment tank 20 connected. The sedimentation tank 30 is still one with a filter 33 , which is preferably a multi-layer filter, and a UV sterilization device 38 Provided supply line 35 with the service water tank 50 connected. The filter 33 is by means of the pump 31 continuously charged with a preferably constant volume flow.

The operation of the pump is preferred 31 to the operation of the UV sterilization device 38 coupled. In this way it can be ensured that the pump 31 only when operating the UV disinfection device 38 or after expiry of a corresponding preheating time for the UV sterilization device 38 is operated. In case of disturbance of the UV sterilization device 38 becomes the pump 31 turned off. This can be done by the pump 31 and the UV sterilization device 38 be controlled for example via a common control device.

For backwashing the filter 33 this is about one after the filter 33 arranged three-way switching valve 42 with a valve-controlled branch line 41 connected to the service water pipe 17 empties. To drain backwash water is the filter 33 over one in front of the filter 33 arranged three-way switching valve 40 with a backwash water pipe 43 connected, which in the manifold 51 empties. To retain rinse water is the filter 33 via a valve-controlled rinse water pipe 45 with the sedimentation tank 30 connected.

The process water tank 50 has an exit 54 to remove process water, ie purified and treated greywater. This output is via a valve and pump controlled supply line 53 connected to the unit to be supplied. Into the service water tank 50 also leads a feed line 55 that have a valve 54 with a drinking water pipe 59 connected is. This allows drinking water in the process water tank when needed 50 be fed. In the event that the service water tank 50 If there is too much process water and there is currently no need for reuse, excess service water may leak through the valve controlled drain line 57 be drained.

The system shown in the figure is preferably suitable for continuous operation and operates as follows. The greywater coming from the unit passes through the injection line 3 and the inlet 2 in the collection container 10 where it gathers first. The water level rises gradually. Coarser contaminants, such as hair, lint and the like, settle on the bottom of the sump as sludge 10 from. As a result, a first pre-cleaning of the gray water is achieved. The mud can be opened by opening a valve 5 over the sludge letdown 4 into the drainage pipe 7 be rinsed out. The sludge, if necessary, passes through a lifting plant 61 in a sewage treatment plant 63 or in the sewer.

From the collection container 10 the gray water is pumped 11 over the pre-filter 12 in the first of the series treatment tanks 20 pumped. From there, the gray water reaches the supply lines 21 in the second, third and fourth treatment tank 20 , Starting from the fourth treatment tank, the gray water on the supply line 25 in the still following treatment tank 20 pumped (shown in dotted lines). In total, up to eight subsequent treatment tanks 20 be provided. This happens as long as in these subsequent treatment containers 20 the gray water has reached a defined filling level, where appropriate greywater with the help of the pump 11 (evenly) flows into the container arranged further forward in the row. When the desired level has been reached, the pump becomes 23 automatically turned off. If the filling level falls below, in particular even minimally undershot, the pump switches 23 automatically resumes and compensates for the gray water level that has fallen below by adding gray water from the first four treatment tanks 20 in the following treatment tanks 20 inflated. For this purpose, the pump 23 be provided with a control device or connected, which, for example by means of pressure or water probes, the filling heights in the last eight treatment containers 20 determines and decides whether the pump should be switched on or off or, if necessary, continue to operate. At a short-term below the gray water level in the after the supply line 25 arranged treatment containers 20 It can be done by a continuous operation of the pump 31 come, which treated gray water from the sedimentation tank 30 over the filter 33 into the service water tank 50 inflated. When exceeding the defined filling level in the treatment tanks 20 can excess greywater via an emergency overflow into the drain line 28 be dissipated.

In the after the supply line 25 arranged treatment containers 20 Preferably, the main biological purification of greywater takes place. In these treatment containers 20 find microorganisms due to the substantially constant Greywater filling heights before substantially constant living conditions. An adaptation to constantly changing living conditions, in particular fluctuating greywater levels, is not required. This allows a particularly effective biological purification of gray water.

In the first four of the series treatment tanks 20 For example, greywater levels may fluctuate during continuous operation. Although settle under these conditions also greywater cleansing microorganisms. Due to the occurring Füllhöhenschwankungen find the microorganisms in these treatment containers 20 However, no constant living conditions, whereby their biological cleaning power can be somewhat affected. As a rule, these treatment containers are suitable 20 therefore especially for a biological pre-cleaning of gray water.

Overall, the gray water pollution decreases but of treatment tank 20 to treatment tank 20 , The decreasing greywater load in combination with fluctuating or constant greywater fill levels leads to the fact that in the individual treatment tanks 20 according to specialized microorganisms settle, resulting in the treatment performance of the plant according to the invention 1 improved significantly overall.

In the treatment tanks 20 incurred sludge can be opened by opening the valves 26 via the drainage pipes 27 in the manifold 51 be rinsed out.

About the supply line 29 treated gray water passes continuously into the sedimentation tank 30 , In this only a mechanical sedimentation of suspended in the treated gray water or suspended turbidity takes place. The sedimented suspended or turbid substances can be removed as sludge from the sedimentation tank 30 via a valve-controlled drain 34 by opening the valve 36 into the drainage pipe 37 be rinsed out.

The filter 33 is by means of the pump 31 via the three-way diverter valve 40 continuously with a preferably constant volume flow of gray water, which from the sedimentation tank 30 comes, fed. The treated and filtered greywater then passes through the three-way diverter valve 42 and about the UV sterilization device 38 into the service water tank 50 , Due to the quality of the filtered water, which is improved with respect to the turbidity content, efficient disinfection or disinfection takes place by means of the UV sterilization device 38 instead of. This leads to a significant reduction in the risk that contaminated with germs water in the process water tank 50 and thus get into a unit to be supplied.

For a backwash of the filter 33 First, the pump 31 switched off and preferably by means of the valve 34 locked. Subsequently, the three-way switching valves 40 and 42 placed in such a position that the switching valve 40 the filter 33 with the backwash water line 43 and the switching valve 42 the filter 33 with the branch line 41 combines. Subsequently, by opening the valve 46 the filter 33 over the branch line 41 rinsed with process water, the backwash water through the switching valve 40 in the backwash water line 43 to be led. About the backwash water line 43 the backwash water enters the manifold 51 and from there via the lifting system 61 in the sewage treatment plant 63 , Optionally, an air purge via the changeover valve before the backwashing 42 , Backwashing the filter 33 preferably takes place automatically. For this purpose, the filter 33 be controlled by a control device which, for example, the filter form of the filter 33 controlled to decide whether or not to backflush. Particularly preferably, the backwashing of the filter takes place 33 event-controlled, in particular time-controlled or interval-controlled. To complete the backwashing process, the valve 46 closed again and the switching valve 40 brought back to its original position, making it the filter 33 over the supply line 29 with the sedimentation tank 30 combines.

In general, after the backwashing still a rinse of the filter 33 in order to avoid that possibly turbid-containing filtrate in the UV sterilization device 38 and the service water tank 50 arrives. For this purpose, after completion of the backwash the valve 44 the rinse water line 45 opened and the pump 31 put back into operation. This greywater is from the sedimentation tank 30 through the filter 33 pumped and the rinse water line 45 back into the sedimentation tank 30 recycled. After completion of the rinse, the changeover valve 42 returned to its original position, allowing filtered water back into the service water tank 50 can be directed. After that the valve becomes 44 the rinse water line 45 closed.

Also the rinse of the filter 33 is preferably carried out automatically. This can be done via a control device which measures, for example, the turbidity content of the filtrate and the pump 31 , the change-over valves 40 and 42 as well as the valve 46 controls accordingly. The rinsing can also be event-controlled, in particular time-controlled or interval-controlled. Preferably, the rinse is to a backwash the filter 33 coupled.

After completion of the rinse, the system is running 1 again in normal operation. In principle, it is also possible to rinse the filter 33 to refrain from backwashing. For this purpose, the switching valves 40 ; 42 after completion of the backwashing (closing the valve 46 ) immediately returned to its original position and the pump 31 put into operation, leaving the sedimentation tank 30 originating gray water over the filter 33 and the UV sterilization device 38 into the service water tank 50 can be transported.

That in the service water tank 50 stockpiled process water is by means of a pump 57 the operating water network of the unit to be supplied, for example, a hotel facility supplied. If there is too little process water in the service water tank 50 are available, so can by opening the valve 54 Drinking water from the drinking water pipeline 59 via the feed-in line 55 into the service water tank 50 be fed.

In principle, the valves of the system according to the invention may be manually operable valves, electric valves, solenoid valves and / or hydraulically actuated valves. Should Valve-controlled processes in the system according to the invention or in the method according to the invention event-controlled, in particular time or interval controlled (intermittent), the use of electrical valves, solenoid valves and / or hydraulically operated valves is preferred. In principle, individual components of the system, for example valves, pumps, filters, ventilation devices and / or UV sterilization devices, may be provided or connected with a separate controller. However, according to the invention it can also be provided that all components of the system, in particular the aforementioned components, are controlled via a central control device.

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• EP 0732457 [0003]
• DE 102009037169 [0025]

Claims (22)

Investment ( 1 ) for reprocessing greywater with at least one inlet ( 2 ) for the gray water to be reprocessed collecting container ( 10 ), at least one of the collecting container ( 10 ) supplied treatment container ( 20 ) for the mechanical and / or biological treatment of the gray water to be reprocessed and at least one having an outlet of the at least one treatment container ( 20 ) associated operating water tank ( 50 ), from which the operating water is taken for reuse, wherein between the at least one treatment tank ( 20 ) and the at least one service water tank ( 50 ) a filter ( 33 ) is arranged. Investment ( 1 ) according to claim 1, characterized in that between the filter ( 33 ) and the at least one service water tank ( 50 ) a degermination device ( 38 ), preferably a UV sterilization device is arranged. Investment ( 1 ) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the at least one treatment container ( 20 ) a plurality of treatment containers connected in series ( 20 ), wherein the at least one service water tank ( 50 ) with an outlet of the last treatment tank ( 20 ) and the filter ( 33 ) between the last treatment tank ( 20 ) and the at least one service water tank ( 50 ) is arranged. Investment ( 1 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that between the at least one treatment container ( 20 ) and the at least one service water tank ( 50 ) at least one sedimentation tank ( 30 ) is provided for the sedimentation of impurities contained in the treated gray water, in particular suspended matter. Investment ( 1 ) according to claim 4, characterized in that the filter ( 33 ) between at least one behind the at least one treatment container ( 20 ) arranged sedimentation container ( 30 ) and the at least one service water tank ( 50 ) is arranged. Investment ( 1 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that between the at least one treatment container ( 20 ), preferably between at least one behind the at least one treatment container ( 20 ) arranged sedimentation container ( 30 ), and the filter ( 33 ) a pump ( 31 ) is arranged, wherein the pump ( 31 ) for feeding the filter ( 33 ) is provided with a gray water volume flow. Investment ( 1 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the filter ( 33 ) is a backwash filter. Investment ( 1 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the filter ( 33 ) over one behind the filter ( 33 ) arranged switching valve ( 42 ) with a valve-controlled branch line ( 41 ) connected to an operating water line ( 17 ) opens. Investment ( 1 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the filter ( 33 ) for the discharge of backwash water via one in front of the filter ( 33 ) arranged switching valve ( 40 ) with a backwash water line ( 43 ) connected is. Investment ( 1 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the filter ( 33 ) for the retention of rinse water via a valve-controlled rinse water line ( 45 ) with the at least one treatment container ( 20 ), preferably with at least one after the at least one treatment container ( 20 ) arranged sedimentation container ( 30 ), connected is. Investment ( 1 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the filter ( 33 ) is a multi-layer filter, in particular two-layer filter is. Investment ( 1 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the filter ( 33 ) comprises a layer of sand, in particular quartz sand, or gravel, in particular fine gravel, and an overlying layer of an organic material, preferably anthracite. Process for re-spreading greywater, in particular by means of an installation ( 1 ) according to one of the preceding claims, in which greywater is introduced into at least one collecting container ( 10 ) is introduced from the at least one collecting container ( 10 ) in at least one treatment container ( 20 ) is pumped, in which at least one treatment container ( 20 ) is treated mechanically and / or biologically for the removal of impurities and the treated greywater is introduced into at least one service water tank ( 50 ), in which it is taken off as process water for reuse, wherein impurities present in the treated gray water, in particular suspended matter, are conveyed by means of a between the at least one treatment tank ( 20 ) and the at least one service water tank ( 50 ) arranged filter ( 33 ) are removed. A method according to claim 13, characterized in that the gray water from the at least one collecting container ( 10 ) into several, preferably in series, treatment containers ( 20 ) and in the treatment tanks ( 20 ), the filter ( 33 ) between the last treatment tank ( 20 ) and the at least one service water tank ( 50 ) is arranged. A method according to claim 13 or 14, characterized in that the gray water between two treatment containers ( 20 ) via a pump-controlled supply line ( 25 ), preferably to below a defined gray water level in accordance with the supply line ( 25 ) arranged treatment containers ( 20 ). Method according to one of claims 13 to 15, characterized in that the treated gray water prior to transfer into the at least one service water tank ( 50 ) in at least one sedimentation container ( 30 ), the filter ( 33 ) between the at least one sedimentation container ( 30 ) and the at least one service water tank ( 50 ) is arranged. Method according to one of claims 13 to 16, characterized in that the filter ( 33 ) by means of a pump ( 31 ) is continuously charged with gray water, in particular with 0.1 to 1.5 m ^{3 of} gray water per hour. Method according to claim 17, characterized in that the pump ( 31 ) between the at least one treatment container ( 20 ) and the filter ( 33 ) or preferably between at least one behind the at least one treatment container ( 20 ) arranged sedimentation container ( 30 ) and the filter ( 33 ) is arranged. Method according to one of claims 13 to 18, characterized in that the filter ( 33 ) for backwashing by switching one behind the filter ( 33 ) arranged switching valve ( 42 ) via a valve-controlled branch line ( 41 ), which are connected to a service water pipe ( 17 ), is flushed with process water. Method according to one of claims 13 to 19, characterized in that backwash water by switching one in front of the filter ( 33 ) arranged switching valve ( 40 ) via a backwash water line ( 43 ) is discharged. Method according to one of claims 13 to 20, characterized in that rinse water via a valve-controlled rinse water ( 45 ) in the at least one treatment container ( 20 ) or preferably in at least one behind the at least one treatment container ( 20 ) arranged sedimentation container ( 30 ) is returned. Method according to one of claims 13 to 21, characterized in that the treated gray water by means of a between the filter ( 33 ) and the at least one service water tank ( 50 ) arranged sterilization device ( 38 ), preferably UV sterilization device, is sterilized.

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