DE102009049003A1 - Plastic-bound pyrotechnic mixture for the production of alkali metal chloride or alkaline earth metal chloride aerosols as camouflage mist - Google Patents

Abstract

Proposed is a plastic-bound pyrotechnic mixture comprising at least one oxidizing agent, a carbonate and / or phosphate from the group of the alkali or alkaline earth metal, a chlorinated rubber and a plasticizer. This may optionally be added to a further binder and / or a graphite. The oxidizing agent should preferably be a perchlorate or a mixture of perchlorates from the group of alkali metals or alkaline earth metals. Additionally or alternatively, ammonium perchlorates can also be incorporated as oxidizing agents. The plasticizer, however, is an organic substance or substance mixture from the group of adipates or phthalates. Alternatively, the plasticizer may be an organic phosphoric acid ester or a phosphoric acid ester mixture. As additional binders, an organic titanate or an organic titanate mixture is preferred. All components are mixed in such a ratio to each other that a neutral mist in the range pH 5-7 (based on aerosol) is formed.

Description

The invention is concerned with the production or release of the active as camouflage mist alkali metal or alkaline earth metal chloride aerosols by the implementation of plastic-bound pyrotechnic active compounds in particular in smoke particles.

Pyrotechnic mixtures for the production of inorganic aerosols for military camouflage purposes often contain toxicologically harmful substances. For simulation and training purposes, therefore, preference is given to exercise systems which release mildly toxic, preferably pH-neutral (pH 5-7) aerosols.

In training systems for fog hand throwing body there is also the requirement that they should have in addition to the generation of a low toxicity nebula and the geometry and mass of the corresponding use variants for effective training.

In a spontaneous mist-generating throwing bodies, the pyrotechnic mist active mass is ignited by a bursting charge and discharged. A corresponding Schnellnebelhand grenade on the basis of a red phosphorus-containing pyrotechnic charge is with the DE 195 48 436 C1 published.

For training systems, the pyrotechnic active materials can be relatively easily replaced by finely ground inorganic substance / mineral mixtures in the above-mentioned quick-fog casting bodies, which are then applied via the Zerlegerladung. For realistic training, the masses of the respective applications can be well simulated in the given volume via the bulk density of the powdered substance / mineral mixtures and / or their compaction in the specified volume in the area of the quick-mist hand-throwing bodies.

In the case of non-spontaneous, condensation aerosol-generating, fog-casting bodies, the inorganic substances active as camouflage nebulas are generated from the contained pyrotechnic active material after ignition. A corresponding pyrotechnic active material is z. B. with the DE 27 43 363 published

For training systems of the above-described, non-spontaneous condensation aerosol generating, smoke projectiles pyrotechnic paint smoke sets or pyrotechnic sets with metal powder-containing heating beds for expelling z. B. alkali metal chlorides ( DE 10 2008 010 942 ) used. In the field of hand-throwing bodies, the problem arises here that with the corresponding applications only mist-hand-throwing bodies with masses greater than 300 g can be well simulated.

For color smoking bodies or applications where z. B. alkali metal chlorides are driven off metal powder-containing Heizbetten, the aerosols are blown by design only in one direction, which can lead to reduced performance of the applications in various climatic and geographical conditions; z. B. causes the blowing out of the aerosol in snow a rapid condensation of the same, resulting in a reduced fog performance results.

The burn-up characteristic of pyrotechnic fogging compositions, which generate the inorganic substances which act as fog in conjunction with atmospheric moisture only by reacting them in the form of condensation aerosols, can be achieved by applications involving pyrotechnic heating beds for sublimation of organic (color smoke) or inorganic (eg alkali metal chlorides) Use substances, only to be simulated conditionally.

The invention is based on the idea of using a plastic-bound pyrotechnic mixture analogously to the known condensation aerosol mist-producing pyrotechnic active compounds, with the relatively inert, effective as Tarnnebel alkali metal or alkaline earth metal chloride aerosols "generated in situ" by reaction. In addition to the corresponding perchlorates as alkali metal or Erdalkalimetallchloridquelle is additionally generated in the implementation of the proposed pyrotechnic mixtures of the contained chlorinated rubber in conjunction with the alkali metal or alkaline earth metal carbonates or phosphates contained the corresponding alkali metal or alkaline earth metal chloride. All components are mixed in such a ratio to one another that a neutral mist in the range of pH 5-7 (based on aerosol) is formed.

A misting set having the above features of the invention includes, for example
56.7% by weight potassium perchlorate
19.8% by weight of potassium carbonate
15.0% by weight of polychloroisoprene
8.5% by weight of plasticizer

In continuation of the invention, the mist effect of the active compositions can be increased by the addition of ammonium perchlorate with the correspondingly required amounts of alkali metal or alkaline earth metal carbonates or phosphates. This effect is due to the additional release of water vapor which favors the mist condensation. As a result, customer requirements regarding, for example, fog performance, toxicity and pH neutrality of the aerosol can be reacted in a simple manner.

A fog set in continuation of the invention includes, for example
50.6% by weight potassium perchlorate
11.6 wt .-% ammonium perchlorate
14.3 wt .-% lithium carbonate
15.0% by weight of polychloroisoprene
8.5% by weight of plasticizer

The heat of reaction liberated in the implementation of the pyrotechnic active material is used for the sublimation of the alkali metal or alkaline earth metal chlorides which act as aerosol.

The plastic-bound pyrotechnic mixture according to the invention therefore has at least one oxidizing agent, a carbonate and / or phosphate or a mixture of carbonates and / or phosphates from the group of alkali or alkaline earth metals, a chlorinated rubber and a plasticizer. This may optionally be added to a further binder and / or graphite. The oxidizing agent should preferably be a perchlorate or a mixture of perchlorates from the group of alkali metals or alkaline earth metals. Additionally or alternatively, ammonium perchlorate can be included as an oxidizing agent. The plasticizer, however, is preferably an organic substance or a substance mixture from the group of adipates, citrates or phthalates. Alternatively, the plasticizer may be an organic phosphoric acid ester or a phosphoric acid ester mixture. As an additional binder, an organic titanate or an organic titanate mixture is preferably used.

It is thus proposed a plastic-bound pyrotechnic active material, which is suitable for use purposes by varying the composition for the production of camouflage nebulas to vermedoxischen camouflage. The plastic-bound pyrotechnic active mass can be brought into other bodies like throwing bodies / ammunition, hand-held objects or stationary applications like other fogging masses.

The proposed plastic-bonded active material is particularly suitable for use as a shell-less body, so that, among other things compared to z. B. Farbrauchapplikationen more powerful hand-throwing bodies with masses up to 300 g are available.

Envelopeless hand-throwing bodies on the basis of the proposed plastic-bound pyrotechnic mixtures are similar in geometry, mass, burn-up characteristics and time to the corresponding, likewise plastic-bound, NT-Nebelwirkmassenapplikation whose fog-effective component zinc chloride or complexed zinc chloride (NT-fog, see http://www.brandschutzpassin.de/download/Merkblatt_NT_Nebelkörper.pdf ). This allows a realistic training with reduced toxicity potential, ie the proposed plastic-bound active materials allow in connection with the NT-Nebelwirkmasse the provision of a handling etc. complete deployment and training system for fog hand throwing body.

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• DE 19548436 C1 [0004]
• DE 2743363 [0006]
• DE 102008010942 [0007]

Cited non-patent literature

• http://www.brandschutzpassin.de/download/Merkblatt_NT_Nebelkörper.pdf [0018]

Claims (9)

Plastically bonded pyrotechnic mixture, comprising at least one oxidizing agent, a carbonate and / or phosphate or a mixture of carbonates and / or phosphates from the group of alkali metals or alkaline earth metals, a chlorinated rubber and a plasticizer. Plastic-bonded pyrotechnic mixture according to claim 1, characterized in that all components are mixed in such a ratio to one another that a neutral mist in the range pH 5-7 (based on the aerosol) is formed. Plastic-bonded pyrotechnic mixture according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that a further binder and / or a graphite can be incorporated. Plastic-bonded pyrotechnic mixture according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the oxidizing agent is a perchlorate or a mixture of perchlorates from the group of alkali metals or alkaline earth metals. Plastic-bonded pyrotechnic mixture according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that alternatively or additionally ammonium perchlorate are incorporated as the oxidizing agent. Plastic-bonded pyrotechnic mixture according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the plasticizer is an organic substance or substance mixture from the group of adipates, citrates or phthalates. Plastic-bonded pyrotechnic mixture according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the plasticizer is an organic phosphoric acid ester or a phosphoric acid ester mixture. Plastic-bonded pyrotechnic mixture according to one of claims 2 to 7, characterized in that the additional binder may be an organic titanate or an organic titanate mixture. Sheathless and enveloped smoke projectiles (ammunition), mist hand-throwing body and stationary fog applications, characterized in that a plastic-bound pyrotechnic mixture is included according to one of claims 1 to 8.