DE102009034186A1 - Method for aligning cylinder head of large diesel engine and reference component relative to each other, involves setting adjusting screw indirectly at cylinder head or reference component, and fixing cylinder head at cylinder housing - Google Patents

Abstract

The method involves fastening an adjusting gauge (6) at a cylinder head (3) or a reference component (5) e.g. load pneumatic manifold or exhaust gas collector, where the head and the component are aligned to each other. The adjusting gauge comprises an adjusting screw (7), which is set indirectly at the cylinder head or the reference component and operated by rotating. The cylinder head is fixed at a cylinder housing (2). The adjusting gauge is rotated together with the cylinder head or on the cylinder head in a cylinder axis (Z). The adjusting screw is screwed in into a thread of the gauge. An independent claim is also included for an adjusting gauge for executing a method for aligning a cylinder head of an internal combustion engine.

Description

The The invention relates to a method and a gauge for alignment a cylinder head of an internal combustion engine, in particular a Large diesel engine.

From the DE 103 32 226 A1 is a large diesel engine known. The large diesel engine has a cylinder which is received in a cylinder liner inserted into the engine frame. On the cylinder liner a cylinder head is attached.

From the DE 32 10 377 A1 For example, a method of positioning a cylinder head gasket is known. The cylinder head gasket is first placed on the cylinder block. Subsequently, this is centered by means of a centering device to the cylinder bores of the cylinder block. Then, the cylinder head gasket is fixed to the attachment of the cylinder head on the cylinder block.

Especially Large diesel engines are often designed to that a separate cylinder head is provided for each cylinder is. The cylinder head can be coaxial with a cylinder axis during assembly be aligned to different rotational positions. On the cylinder housing are usually also other components, in particular exhaust pipes or exhaust manifolds and / or air ducts, in particular charge air ducts arranged. Here is the alignment of cylinder heads and such components relative to each other problematic. When a Cylinder head and / or a reference component with assembly or production-related Tolerance is set on the cylinder housing, the orientation can be be inaccurate between the cylinder head and reference component.

Cylinder heads are so far aligned, if at all, via guide pins to adjacent components. This often results in inaccuracies in the alignment, which must be compensated disadvantageously so far with compensators. Such compensators are for example from the EP 0 145 020 A2 known. Such a compensator serves to bridge two spaced-apart line ends. The compensator is flexible, so that axial misalignment is no obstacle to assembly when the line ends are to be connected.

It Object of the present invention, an improved alignment to allow a cylinder head.

• – Befestigen einer Einstelllehre an einem der zueinander auszurichtenden Bauteile, nämlich dem Zylinderkopf oder dem Bezugsbauteil;
• – Ansetzen von Ausrichtmitteln der Einstelllehre unmittelbar oder mittelbar an dem anderen der zueinander auszurichtenden Bauteile, nämlich dem Bezugsbauteil bzw. dem Zylinderkopf;
• – Betätigen der Ausrichtmittel; und
• – Festlegen des Zylinderkopfes am Zylindergehäuse.

The object underlying the invention is achieved by a method according to claim 1 for aligning at least one cylinder head, which is fastened on a cylinder housing, and a reference component relative to one another, the method comprising the following method steps:

• - Attaching a setting gauge on one of the components to be aligned, namely the cylinder head or the reference component;
• Applying alignment means of the setting gauge directly or indirectly to the other of the components to be aligned with one another, namely the reference component or the cylinder head;
• - actuating the alignment means; and
• - Set the cylinder head on the cylinder housing.

The Setting gauge can advantageously be a simple to manufacture tool be. This can be done without adhering to more exact tolerances on the cylinder head or be mounted on the adjacent components. By the way of functioning the adjustment by means of the alignment means, the setting gauge in particular also be applied to Rohgusskonturen. By the invention Alignment of the components to be aligned with each other may preferably to be dispensed with a compensator. In that sense mutually aligned components in a close distance to each other be mounted, which in turn in smaller component dimensions can affect. The alignment can be done according to a Embodiment of the present invention also advantageous without so-called stick-slip effects, ie a mixture of adhesive and sliding friction, which lead to jerky movements can be done.

Preferably cause the alignment means a power transmission. Especially In this case, the force applied to the alignment means by the alignment means be enlarged. This allows the alignment the components to be aligned are particularly ergonomic, as the force applied by the user increases becomes.

Preferably the setting gauge is on one of the components to be aligned solvable attached, in particular screwed, clamped or plugged. At the other support the components to be aligned the alignment means preferably positive and / or frictional from.

Preferably the adjustment gauge is mounted on the cylinder head and the alignment means are preferably attached to the reference component.

Preferably at least two alignment means are provided. This can be one fine adjustment or an orientation of the angular position enable.

The setting gauge can preferably be free, ie, in any position and / or orientation on the one of the components to be aligned be taken. Then, in particular, no predetermined attachment points are provided. The setting gauge can be connected in particular cohesively or non-positively with the other component.

alternative The gauge can be preset in one or several different Layers or orientations, in particular at predetermined attachment points, to be attached to one of the components to be aligned with each other. Specified attachment points can in particular by Holes, in particular threaded holes defined. The Attachment is then preferably by screwing, plugging, Latching or the like.

The Einstelllehre is preferably together with the cylinder head or rotatable on the cylinder head, in particular about a cylinder axis. By the twistability can in particular an orientation also to a Turn axis around done.

Preferably An alignment means can perform a translatory movement. The translational movement can be an alignment of the aligned to each other Cause components in translational direction. By appropriate translation of translational movement or the interaction of several, preferably parallel alignment can also be a rotational orientation be effected.

Preferably an alignment means is formed by an adjusting screw which in a thread, in particular a thread of the gauge, screwed is. Actuation of the alignment means can be done by twisting the adjusting screw are made. The adjusting screw can while the applied force, for example, in the manner of a worm gear, translate. In this case, a small amount of force a large adjustment force cause and at the same time a fine alignment of each other to be aligned Favor components.

Preferably can be attached to the alignment means or between the alignment means and the reference component a support plate can be arranged. The support plate can in particular serve that the alignment means on a defined, resilient surface can support. This is particularly advantageous if one of the components to be aligned is an uneven one Contour, which for the support of the Alignment is unsuitable.

To the actuation of the alignment can the cylinder head attached to the cylinder housing, in particular screwed become. The aligned position of the cylinder head is thereby established.

To Aligning two components to each other can be a further orientation be made. In this case, in particular, another reference component aligned with the cylinder head. alternative The cylinder head can also be compared to different Reference components are aligned. This is especially true advantageous if the cylinder head on the different reference components each aligned with respect to a certain degree of freedom shall be. For example, the cylinder head opposite a first reference component aligned with respect to its orientation while the cylinder head faces one second reference component aligned with respect to its position becomes.

Of the Whereabouts of the gauge on the cylinder head is usually not provided, it is usually after assembly of the cylinder head dismantled. However, it is conceivable that will after pressing the alignment means the setting gauge together with the cylinder head fixed to the cylinder housing, in particular screwed becomes. This can be done by the cylinder head, on the the gauge is fixed firmly with the cylinder housing is connected. As a result, the setting gauge is at least indirectly firmly connected to the cylinder housing. Furthermore, can also by means of other fastening means, in particular by means of at least a tie rod, the setting gauge directly fixed to the cylinder housing get connected. The gauge remains on the cylinder head and is preferably for maintenance without further installation effort directly available again. Corrections to the alignment Can be done at any time without installation effort become. For the same purpose, the gauge can also be unsolvable attached to one of the components to be aligned, in particular with this welded, glued or riveted.

alternative can after adjusting the alignment the gauge be released from the cylinder head. The gauge can then for further alignment on other cylinder heads be used. Furthermore, unnecessary weight on the cylinder head avoided.

The The problem underlying the invention is further solved by a setting gauge, in particular for performing the above-explained method, wherein the setting gauge having a mounting portion for fixing the Einstelllehre on one of the components to be aligned, namely Cylinder head or reference component, serves and the adjustment gauge a Has alignment with alignment. The result is the to the procedure already mentioned advantages.

The attachment portion has in a be preferred embodiment, at least one, in particular two mounting holes, through which fastening screws can be performed. By fixing screws, the gauge can be firmly connected to one of the components to be aligned. Preferably, at least two mounting holes are provided, whose axes are arranged at a predetermined angle, in particular parallel to each other.

Preferably the alignment section has at least one, in particular two or several threaded holes, passed through the adjusting screws are.

Preferably The alignment section has two tapped holes whose axes in a predetermined angular range, in particular parallel to each other are arranged.

Preferably is the axis of a threaded hole by a predetermined angle aligned with the axis of a mounting hole. translatory Movements along the axis of the threaded holes can thus translated into rotational movements about the axis of the mounting holes become.

Preferably is an angle between the axis of a threaded hole and the axis of a mounting hole at least 60 ° in particular at least 80 °, in particular in about 90 °.

Preferably has the setting gauge at least one anchor hole to the Do not block the tie rod bore on the cylinder head.

Further Advantages and features emerge from the subclaims and the embodiments. This shows, partially schematically:

1 : a detail of a large diesel engine in perspective view; and

2 : partial view of the large diesel engine 1 in plan view.

The 1 and 2 will be described together below. It is a detail of a large diesel engine 1 to recognize the cylinder housing 2 having. The cylinder housing 2 has a variety of cylinder bores 19 on, their openings 13 on an upper side of the cylinder housing 2 are located. On each cylinder bore 19 is a cylinder head 3 placed. The cylinder head 3 can be in different rotational positions coaxial with a cylinder axis Z of the cylinder bore 19 be aligned. By tie rods 10 of which a total of four pieces circumferentially distributed around the cylinder head 3 are arranged, the cylinder head can 3 on the cylinder housing 2 be attached.

It is a reference component 5 to recognize. The reference component 5 may be, for example, a charge air manifold or an exhaust manifold. It can also be a component which takes over the function of both aforementioned components. It can be seen that an exhaust duct 12 of the cylinder head 3 with a neck 21 of the reference component 5 are connected. Through the cylinder head 3 also obscured is an inlet channel 11 with a further neck of the reference component 5 connected.

To the channels 11 . 12 on the neck 21 to align, the cylinder head needs 3 relative to the reference component 5 be aligned.

For aligning the cylinder head to the cylinder housing relative to the reference component 5 First, an adjustment gauge 6 on the cylinder head 3 attached. The gauge 6 is a z. For example, cast workpiece, which has a mounting portion 14 and an alignment section 15 having.

The attachment section 14 used to attach the gauge to the cylinder head 3 , For this, the attachment section 14 several mounting holes 16 on, through the mounting screws 9 can be passed, in 1 For clarity, only one of the identically designed mounting screws or holes 9 . 16 is shown. The fixing screw 9 is bolted in a threaded hole, not shown, of the cylinder head. Another mounting hole is through an anchor hole 18 shown. The sweeping fastening screw is in the present case by a tie rod 10 shown. The mounting holes 16 . 18 each have an axis B, wherein the axes B of the mounting holes 16 . 18 aligned parallel to each other.

The alignment section 15 serves to interact with alignment means 7 , The alignment section 15 is in the present case in the form of two angles at an angle β to the attachment section 14 outstanding approaches 20 designed. Each of the approaches 20 each has a threaded hole 17 on. Each of the threaded holes 17 has an axis G, wherein the axes G of all threaded holes 17 are aligned parallel to each other. In the threaded holes 17 is in each case an adjustment screw 7 screwed. These adjustment screws 17 be on a reference surface 4 of the reference component 5 set by adjusting screws 7 as long as in the threaded holes 17 be screwed in until the adjusting screws 7 on the reference surface 4 support. In the present case, however, is between the reference surface 4 and the approaches 20 the gauge 6 one support each plate 8th arranged. In that respect, the adjusting screws can 7 only indirectly, namely on the support plate 8th at the reference surface 4 of the reference component 5 support.

The axes G of the threaded holes are angularly aligned by the angle α to the axes B of the mounting holes. The axes B of the mounting holes are when the gauge 6 on the cylinder head 3 is fixed, aligned parallel to the cylinder axis Z. It can be seen that an uneven rotation of the adjusting screws 7 , In particular, an opposite rotation of both adjusting screws 7 or twisting only a set screw 7 , a rotational movement of the cylinder head 3 can cause the cylinder axis Z. By actuating the alignment means in the form of the adjusting screws 7 Thus, the cylinder head can be rotationally aligned with the reference component.

After the cylinder head 3 in correct alignment with the reference component 5 was brought, the tie rods 10 tightened, leaving the cylinder head 3 firmly on the cylinder housing 2 is arranged.

In an alternative embodiment, the adjustment gauge 6 be removed even after the attachment process of the cylinder head. Then the adjustment gauge 6 to align additional cylinder heads 3 be used.

By screwing in the fastening screws 9 in other, not shown tapped holes of the cylinder head, the same setting gauge 6 also in another predetermined position on the cylinder head 3 be attached and thus serve for alignment relative to another reference component.

In the present case, the cylinder head 3 opposite the reference component 5 aligned. It is also conceivable in an alternative embodiment that the reference component 5 opposite the cylinder head 3 is aligned. Furthermore, it is possible that in an alternative embodiment, the fastening screws 9 on the reference component 5 be attached and the alignment means are attached to the cylinder head.

Due to the adjustability of the alignment, in the embodiment of the adjusting screws 7 , comes the alignment of the setting gauge 6 on the cylinder head 3 No significance, since deviations from a predetermined position by further in or out one or both adjusting screws 7 can be compensated. Thus, the adjustment gauge 6 as well as their recording 16 . 18 be produced on the cylinder head advantageous with large tolerances.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

engine

2

cylinder housing

3

cylinder head

4

reference surface

5

reference component

6

Einstelllehre

7

adjustment

8th

support plate

9

fixing screw

10

tie rods

11

inlet channel

12

exhaust port

13

openings

14

attachment section

15

aligner

16

mounting hole

17

threaded hole

18

anchor hole

19

bore

20

approach

21

Support

α

angle

β

angle

Z

cylinder axis

G

axis the threaded hole

B

axis the mounting hole

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list The documents listed by the applicant have been automated generated and is solely for better information recorded by the reader. The list is not part of the German Patent or utility model application. The DPMA takes over no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• - DE 10332226 A1 [0002]
• - DE 3210377 A1 [0003]
• EP 0145020 A2 [0005]

Claims (15)

Method for aligning a cylinder head ( 3 ) of an internal combustion engine, in particular a large diesel engine, which on a cylinder housing ( 2 ), and a reference component ( 5 ) relative to one another, comprising the following method steps: - fixing a setting gauge ( 6 ) on one of the components to be aligned, namely the cylinder head ( 3 ) or the reference component ( 5 ), - application of alignment means ( 7 ) of the gauge ( 6 ) at least indirectly on the other of the mutually aligned components, namely the reference component ( 5 ) or the cylinder head ( 3 ), - actuating the alignment means ( 7 ), and - setting the cylinder head ( 3 ) on the cylinder housing ( 2 ), Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least two alignment means ( 7 ) are provided. Method according to one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the setting gauge ( 6 ) is freely attachable to one of the components to be aligned with each other. Method according to one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the setting gauge ( 6 ) at predetermined positions, in particular at predetermined attachment points, on which one of the components to be aligned to each other can be fastened. Method according to one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the setting gauge ( 6 ) together with the cylinder head ( 3 ) or on the cylinder head ( 3 ) is rotatable about a cylinder axis (Z). Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one alignment means ( 7 ) by an adjusting screw ( 7 ), which in a thread, in particular a thread of the setting gauge ( 6 ), wherein the actuation of the alignment means by turning the adjusting screw ( 7 ) is made. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that between at least one of the alignment means ( 7 ) and the reference component ( 5 ) a support plate ( 8th ) is arranged. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that after actuation of the alignment means ( 7 ) the adjustment gauge ( 6 ) together with the cylinder head ( 3 ) on the cylinder housing ( 2 ), in particular tightened. Method according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that after the actuation of the alignment means ( 7 ) the adjustment gauge ( 6 ) of the cylinder head ( 3 ) is solved. Setting gauge ( 6 ), in particular for carrying out the method according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the setting gauge ( 6 ) an attachment portion ( 14 ), which is used for fastening the setting gauge ( 6 ) on one of the components to be aligned ( 3 . 5 ), namely cylinder head ( 3 ) or reference component ( 5 ), and the adjustment gauge ( 6 ) an alignment section ( 15 ) with alignment means ( 7 ) having. Setting gauge ( 6 ) according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the fixing section ( 5 ) at least one, in particular two mounting holes ( 16 ), by which fastening screws ( 9 ) can be passed. Setting gauge ( 6 ) according to one of claims 10 or 11, characterized in that the alignment section ( 15 ) at least one, in particular two threaded holes ( 17 ), by the adjusting screws ( 7 ) are passed. Setting gauge ( 6 ) according to one of claims 10 to 12, characterized in that the alignment section ( 15 ) two threaded holes ( 17 ), whose axes in a predetermined angular range, in particular parallel to each other. Setting gauge ( 6 ) according to one of claims 12 or 13, characterized in that the axis (G) of a threaded bore ( 17 ) at an angle (α) to the axis (B) of the mounting hole ( 16 ) and that the angle (α) between the axis (G) of the threaded bore ( 17 ) and the axis (B) of the mounting hole ( 16 ) is at least 60 °, in particular at least 80 °, in particular approximately 90 °. Setting gauge ( 6 ) according to one of claims 11 to 14, characterized in that the setting gauge ( 6 ) at least one anchor hole ( 18 ), through which a tie rod ( 10 ) can be passed.

Images