DE102009030158A1 - Multipolar electric automatic switch e.g. multipolar line circuit breaker useful in household- and industrial distributions to protect cables and engines, comprises automatic switches, and electrothermal trigger device, and switch latch - Google Patents

Abstract

The multipolar electric automatic switch such as a multipolar line circuit breaker comprises two automatic switches arranged next to each other, where each switch has a series connection (10) from a main current path (16), a normally closed first switch (12) and an electromagnetic trigger device (13) that is connected between first and second electrical connections (14, 15), an electrothermal trigger device that is connected in parallel to the main current path having normally closed second switch (17), so that the electrothermal trigger device is normally bridged by the main current path. The multipolar electric automatic switch such as a multipolar line circuit breaker comprises two automatic switches arranged next to each other, where each of the switches has a series connection (10) from a main current path (16), a normally closed first switch (12) and an electromagnetic trigger device (13) that is connected between first and second electrical connections (14, 15), an electrothermal trigger device that is connected in parallel to the main current path having a normally closed second switch (17), so that the electrothermal trigger device is normally bridged by the main current path, and a switch latch, which is provided for opening the first switch and for actuating a driver and transfers the switching movements of the switch latch of the one automatic switch to the switch latch of the other automatic switch. The electromagnetic trigger device has a first armature for opening the second switch upon reaching a first threshold current, and a second armature for opening the first switch and for actuating the switch latch upon reaching a second threshold current, which is greater than the first threshold current. The electromagnetic trigger device is designed, so that electromagnetic trigger device impinges the switch latch for opening the first switch after a predetermined time when device is flowed by an overcurrent, which is equal or higher than the first threshold current. The rotatably mounted driver has a connecting shaft coaxial to its rotating axis, where the connecting shaft is rotatably arranged in the driver. Each of the two adjacent automatic switches comprises a pivotably mounted switching knob, which has connecting shaft coaxial to a pivoting axis of the switching knob, where the connecting shaft is rotatably arranged in the switching knob. The connecting shaft is axially displaceably mounted in the driver or the switching knob and has a triangular profile. The driver arranged to the switch latch has a first lever arm, which is impinged by a switch lever of the switch latch, and a second lever arm, which operates a latch of the switch latch. The two adjacent automatic switches are aligned against each other by the connecting shafts of the driver and the switching knob, and are flatly adhered together with double-sided adhesive strip. The electromagnetic trigger device has a bimetal-actuating device with a first bimetal located between the first connection and the first switch, where the operating temperature of the bimetal is 200[deg] C. The electromagnetic trigger device has a common coil for actuating the first and second armatures.

Description

The The invention relates to a self-switch with low electrical Energy losses in normal operation and double interruption in disturbed Business.

A similar auto switch is off German Patent 514807 known.

at this arrangement is at the beginning of the hazardous condition by an electromagnetic tripping organ the bimetallic Triggering device in the circuit to be protected switched and then pressed the locking member from the locked position. This execution failed in practice z. For example, that when switching on larger groups of light bulbs an unnecessary triggering took place, so no Operational safety was to be achieved and the correct knowledge, the avoidance of false triggering by mutual thermal influence due to heat loss in self-switches since not realized has been.

From the DE 10354505 is an electrical self-switch is known, which is shorted in normal operation short-circuited bimetallic only in the event of a fault in the main circuit, so that the locking member can be unlatched only by the bimetal. Thus, a short-delay shutdown is achieved and ensures selectivity to the downstream circuit breaker.

such selectively switching devices also as main circuit breakers are known, instead of fuses centrally in the house connection used near the measuring device. By the at the place of installation expected high operating current, these circuit breakers are large Weight and dimensions. They are therefore also because of their short delay Shutdown as a self-switch in the sub-distribution for protection from Z. B. socket circuits little suitable.

Of the Invention is therefore based on the object, an electrical self-switch to create with low own energy losses, which with low ones Production costs in mass production when used in Home and industrial distribution to protect cables and motors in its triggering behavior regardless of the Ambient temperature at its installation works.

At present, there are requirements across the EU for the "active energy efficiency" of electrical appliances and even a ban on inefficient standby circuits is envisaged. This innovation is taken into account by reducing the power loss of electrical self-closing switches by up to 50% compared with the state of the art. So z. B. alone in Germany with a gross electricity consumption of about 600 × 10 ⁹ kWh / a and self-consumption of conventional circuit breakers currently about 1.8 × 10 ⁹ kWh / a these losses are reduced by the invention to half, resulting in an annual power consumption of 200,000 households.

These The object is achieved by the features of claims 1 to 10 solved.

Of the electrical self-switches with low energy losses and double interruption is in its dimensions and its required for the function Number of items comparable with known circuit breakers. He has like this next to the terminals for the Line connection, a quenching chamber for current limitation, a manual override switch, a thermal overcurrent release and a short-circuit release via a contact system consisting of a contact bridge with two contact points.

According to the invention depending on whether an overcurrent or a short circuit in the faulty system is pending, only one or both contact points through open the anchor handle. The anchor plunger is in turn, by two independently acting Magnet armature driven, which in a known manner at different Current thresholds through the common coil react.

Based the drawing, in which an embodiment of the invention is shown, its operation is explained in detail.

It demonstrate:

1 the electrical self-switch is turned on

2 the electrical self-switch in case of overload

3 the electrical self-switch in the event of a short circuit

4 turned off the electrical self-switch

at The presentation was on components of the self - switch which for the understanding of the inventive concept of subordinate Meaning and known are omitted.

In 1 the operating current flows from the terminal ( 1 ) via the mating contact ( 2 ) of the first contact point ( 3 ) over this through the contact bridge ( 4 ) to the second contact point ( 5 ) via this to the arc contact ( 6 ), which the counter contact to the second contact point ( 5 ), over the coil ( 7 ) of the magnetic release to the terminal ( 8th ).

The thermal release ( 9 ) is shorted. The contact bridge ( 4 ) is on the housing fixedly mounted in the pen ( 10 ) rotatably and displaceably mounted. It is controlled by the contact pressure spring ( 11 ) which on the stationary rotatably mounted shift lever ( 12 ) is positioned on the mating contact ( 2 ) or to the arcing contact ( 6 ) of the contact points ( 3 ) and ( 5 ). The shift lever ( 12 ) is transmitted via the coupling ( 13 ) by the stationary rotatably mounted switching handle ( 14 ) and the pawl ( 15 ) which on the lever ( 12 ) is rotatably mounted in the closed position. In this position, the switch lever hinged on the shift lever ( 16 ) curious; excited.

In 2 the mode of operation for the "overload" fault is shown.

The first armature of the magnetic release, which is driven by the increased current, is passed over the armature plunger ( 17 ) the first contact point ( 3 ) of the contact bridge ( 4 ) against the force of the contact pressure spring ( 11 ) of the mating contact ( 2 ) until the first anchor has found its abutment on the stationary magnetic core of the magnetic release.

During this movement of the contact bridge ( 4 ) in the counterclockwise direction, the second contact point ( 5 ) as a fulcrum on the formed as counter contact arcing contact ( 6 ). The current flow takes place in this position of the contact bridge of the terminal ( 1 ) via the thermal release ( 9 ) the flexible wire ( 18 ) and the second contact point ( 5 ) to the arcing contact ( 6 ) and over the coil ( 7 ) to the terminal ( 8th ).

The overload current heats the thermal release ( 9 ) and holds the contact bridge by means of anchor plunger ( 17 ) in its position until the thermal release via the slide ( 19 ) by its deflection the pawl ( 15 ) turns clockwise and the gear lever ( 12 ) releases.

Under the action of the switching spring ( 16 ), the gear lever turns clockwise and opens via the control cam ( 20 ) the second contact point ( 5 ) of the contact bridge. The faulty circuit is interrupted.

The 3 shows the functional process in the event of a short circuit.

As a multiple of the overload current, the short-circuit current additionally causes the second armature of the magnetic release to respond, so that the armature plunger ( 17 ) continues its movement and the first contact point ( 3 ) of the contact bridge ( 4 ) further from the counter contact ( 2 ) away. The fulcrum of the second contact point ( 5 ) on the arcing contact ( 6 ) received first. In this movement, however, meets the end ( 21 ) of the contact bridge ( 4 ) on the latch ( 15 ) which thereby rotates clockwise and the shift lever ( 12 ) releases. Shortly thereafter, the contact bridge ( 4 ) with its first contact point ( 3 ) to the stationary pen ( 10 ) at.

This is now the new pivot point for the contact bridge whereby this reverses its direction of movement, so that the second contact point ( 5 ) abruptly from the arcing contact ( 6 ) and thus initiates the current limit. The movement is completed when the 2nd anchor hits the stationary magnetic core of the magnetic release.

Practically at the same time he has lever ( 12 ) under the action of the switching spring ( 16 ) turned clockwise and over the control cam ( 20 ) the contact bridge is positioned in the end position "OFF". The current limitation takes place in the short-circuit shutdown in a known manner by means of quenching chamber.

In the 4 is the switch position "OFF" shown. It can be seen that the point of application of the contact pressure spring between the control cam ( 20 and the first contact point ( 3 ) is located. Consequently, even in the switched-off state, the first contact point makes contact with the mating contact ( 2 ), so that even with manual operation of the self-switch only the arc contact ( 6 ) performs the switching work and the first contact point while the pivot point of the contact bridge ( 4 ) on the mating contact ( 2 ).

By its simple structure and the small number of parts and by the Elimination of any adjustment effort is the electrical self-switch very well suited for mechanized mass production.

For the practitioner is in particular the precise adherence to conventional Specifications regarding line and motor protection as well as the Insensitivity to temperature fluctuations at the installation site essential.

The significant reduction in self-consumption and thus the reduction of the power loss wasted worldwide through self-switches sustainably support the EU's climate goals by reducing CO ₂ emissions by 40% by 2020. The innovation thus offers serious advantages over the prior art.

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list The documents listed by the applicant have been automated generated and is solely for better information recorded by the reader. The list is not part of the German Patent or utility model application. The DPMA takes over no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• - DE 514807 [0002]
• - DE 10354505 [0004]

Claims (10)

Electric self-switch with double break whose thermal release is not traversed by the operating current in normal operation and whose magnetic release includes two independently acting on a common anchor plunger armature, which are excited by a common induction coil characterized in that the anchor plunger ( 17 ) in case of overcurrent with its impact on the unbalanced contact bridge ( 4 ) initially only the first contact point ( 3 ) interrupts. Electrical self-breaker with double break according to claim 1, characterized in that the anchor ram ( 17 ) in case of short-circuit currents with its impact on the contact bridge ( 4 ) additionally the second contact point ( 5 ) while opening the end ( 21 ) of the contact bridge unlocks the switch lock. Electrical self-switch according to claim 1 and 2, characterized in that the anchor plunger ( 17 ) near the first contact point ( 3 ) between this and the second contact point ( 5 ) on the contact bridge ( 4 ) and that the point of application of the contact pressure spring ( 11 ) between the point of contact of the anchor tappet ( 17 ) and the second contact point ( 5 ) is located. Electrical self-switch according to the preceding claims, characterized in that the contact bridge ( 4 ) in the direction of action of the contact force on the first contact point ( 3 ) in the vicinity thereof rotatable and displaceable on the pin ( 10 ) is stored stationary and that at the opening of the first contact point, the second contact point ( 5 ) forms the pivot point in this counterclockwise movement for the contact bridge. Electrical self-switch according to the preceding claims, characterized in that the contact bridge ( 4 ) in its counterclockwise movement, first with its end ( 21 ) on the shift lever ( 12 ) mounted latch ( 15 ), this turns clockwise and then on the stationary pin ( 10 ), whereby the contact bridge reverses its direction of rotation and the second contact point ( 5 ) is opened. Electrical self-switch according to the preceding claims, characterized in that the contact bridge ( 4 ) with the clamp ( 1 ) flexible, electrically conductive through the strand ( 18 ), so that the thermal release ( 9 ) is electrically shorted by this connection both in the ON and in the OFF position. Electrical self-switch according to the preceding claims with a switch lock whose shift lever ( 12 ) the contact pressure spring ( 11 ), so that these during manual operation of the circuit breaker their point of attack on the fixedly mounted contact bridge ( 4 ) against the control cam ( 20 ) of the shift lever is changed such that in the OFF position, the first contact point ( 3 ) remains closed and thus the fulcrum on the mating contact ( 2 ) for the contact bridge when closing the second contact point ( 5 ) against the arcing contact ( 6 ) to turn on the circuit breaker forms. Electrical self-switch according to the preceding claims, characterized in that the mating contact ( 2 ) of the first contact point ( 3 ) of the contact bridge galvanically with the terminal ( 1 ) and that the arcing contact ( 6 ) as counter contact of the second contact point ( 5 ) is coated with erosion-resistant material. Electrical self-switch according to the preceding claims, characterized in that the short-circuited during normal operation bimetallic strip of the thermal release ( 9 ) requires a working temperature> 80 ° K in the disturbed operation for its function. Electrical self-switch according to the preceding claims, characterized in that the base of the thermal release ( 9 ) with both the arc rail ( 22 ) as well as with the clamp ( 1 ) is galvanically connected.