DE102008049373A1 - Marine power plant, has floating chambers receiving energy from sea current and partially supporting power production systems, where power production systems convert obtained energy into storable and transportable form - Google Patents

Abstract

The power plant has floating chambers forming an assembly and held in a position by rotors (1) through wind force. The floating chambers partially support power production systems. The floating chambers or ships receive energy from sea current, and the systems convert the obtained energy into storable and transportable form. CPUs (2) are connected in the assembly, and the floating chambers are designed as generator units (3) for power production. The generator units and CPUs are connected by a rope for holding the assembly and supporting power transfer lines (10).

Description

State of the art

Wind turbines have a strong and steady progress in goodness are size of the facilities made. Stand by therefore Developments available, instead of airflows can also use water streams.

to Time should or will be first facilities near the coast planned and built standing on the seabed.

Difficult and expensive in all cases is the founding, and Also the energy transport to the mainland is expensive. In the tidal current Standing, they are only available in limited time intervals.

The usual Drive technology about engine and propeller would be no problem in position to position ships for energy to keep.

In order to However, this much energy is needed to fix the ships, that it does not pay off economically.

A Alternative to ground installation near the coast would therefore hull with brackets on the ground. That would have the advantage that the ground support while ensuring sufficient strength, but shifts in the ground, see German bunkers at Europe Coasts are unproblematic. A follow-up, so Shorten or extend the tethers at low tide and high tide, is technically no problem.

Different the question of positioning on the open sea arises. Here Since time immemorial the wind has been caught by sails to disposal. The question, as effective as possible To find ways to wind use, is also one Question of available materials and technology.

Ultimately led earlier considerations to one so-called rotor sails, also known as the Flettner rotor.

In order to There is actually an old, tried, almost forgotten and not more technically used system to wind energy with very little Use of external energy.

Originally Of course, the rotors were meant to be with ships too drive, or sail. Inexpensive diesel engines have the system but displaced after the first test phase. there It would be very good to use.

It remains the question of energy transport. Leave here Only very close to the electrical energy Feed in the grid.

The Conversion of non-storable electrical energy into storable Shapes is in other areas and for other applications State of the art.

At the Current state of development is hydrogen or silicon as an energy source.

hydrogen can be practically only from fresh water win. Since the desalination of seawater is very energy-consuming is, remains as a convenient form of delivery.

In order to is also the delivery of sand and conversion to silicon an economically interesting alternative, especially the product much easier to handle.

task

The Energy generation technology stands for marine power plants from the development of wind turbines with vertical and horizontal Axis available.

floating Units can be the technique of energy generation and the Wear processing.

she must however against drift and dynamic pressure from the energy production be held. This goes through the coast Anchoring.

With The aim of the present invention is a first aim Position power plant on open sea without ground anchor and without large energy input.

The second objective to be achieved with the present invention, is the decoupling of energy production and energy processing. That is the only way to get a power plant at sea in any one Build up size.

solution

To the Achieving the objectives outlined above, the in the characterizing Part of claim 1 specified invention proposed.

advantages

wind and ocean currents are on a large scale to Available.

Your exploitation after desired patent takes place without external energy and absolutely pollutant-free.

The Division into small units allows customization between the occurring forces of energy production and positioning and wind power.

The Concentration of energy gained in central units simplified the transformation into storable forms.

The Delivery of required raw materials, such as water or sand, and the removal of the recovered and stored energy from a central unit more effective.

The Generator units can usually be without personnel.

Used You also Flettnerruder and replaced the elaborate gear Actuators, so one has minimized the internal demand.

If the energy gained is stored in transportable form of energy can be delivered anywhere and in a wide range Spectrum can be used purposefully. In addition, stands for the Further processing both z. As with hydrogen and with silicon an ideal form of energy available.

Explanation of the invention at exemplary embodiments

Based 1-8, the invention will be described in more detail below explained.

It demonstrate

image 1 an erect association of generator units and central unit with leader.

image 2 the necessary basic elements for independent Operating a generator unit.

image 3 the necessary basic elements for operating a central unit.

image 4 the interaction of the forces of wind and water currents, Energy recovery system, rotor, rudder and hull and possibly a header.

Figure 5 shows the models of equal power with sails or rotors of the German research vessel drawn together to gain an overview of the orders of magnitude, as they were measured at the aerodynamics laboratory. (Published at Anton Flettner, Mein Weg zum Rotor, Publisher Koehler & Amelang Leipzig 1926 ) ( 24 )

Figure 6 shows the vectors for the models of the same power as shown in Figure 5. (Published at Flettner ) ( 24 )

Figure 7 The performance coefficients for rotor and sail as vectors, which are necessary as basis of assessment, measured on the models after picture 5, published at Flettner ( 24 )

Figure 8 force diagrams (a, b, c,) for maximum rotor speed, for upright rotors and as comparison for the reefed sailing vessel, published at Flettner ( 24 )

Figure 1 shows a dressing with a central unit ( 2 ) with header ( 9 ). In this case, a generator unit ( 3 ) with more rotor power capable of partially absorbing the forces for holding the central unit ( 2 ). The remaining traction cables ( 8th ) only have to absorb forces from position shifts. The sum of the remote generator units ( 3 ) to the central unit ( 2 ) results from the possibility of energy processing. The central unit ( 2 ) must be able to process the delivered electrical energy in storable form.

The position of the central unit ( 2 ) in the edge area is for the energy transfer lines ( 10 ) not optimal. Here, the optimum of the cable guides against the possibility of starting the central unit ( 2 ) are weighed.

All units are equipped with rotors ( 1 ) equipped. Individual generator units ( 3 ) without rotors ( 1 ) would be possible depending on the forces, but would require a strong load balancing in the association.

better is the approach: everyone holds himself.

The traction cable connections ( 8th ) are constructed here from unit to unit. Of course it would also be possible to use the generator units ( 3 ) separately to a central processing unit ( 2 ). The structure is certainly also a question of energy transfer lines ( 10 ). In this case, at a Zugseilverbindung ( 8th . 9 ) also several energy transmission lines ( 10 ).

The generator unit ( 3 ), as recorded in Figure 2 in principle, has only the task, the energy recovery systems ( 4 ) to wear. For this purpose, it has to be replaced by rotors ( 1 ) and with tension cables ( 8th . 9 ) are involved in the association. A control unit ( 5 ) must grasp the arising forces, the rudder ( 15 ) and adjust the speed of the rotors ( 1 ) pretend. If the offered wind power ( 12 ) is insufficient to withstand the dynamic pressure ( 13 ) from the energy production, it must be able to throttle the power consumption NEN, so that the dynamic pressure ( 13 ) decreased.

If the central unit ( 2 ) specifies a reduction in performance for technical reasons, the positioning control unit must ( 5 ) take this into account.

The power for the rotors ( 1 ) and the controls ( 5 . 6 ) can be provided from own energy generation, also with special small generators, which use wind or water, or better from the central unit ( 2 ) are fed.

It is necessary that the energy recovery systems ( 4 ) can be made up for maintenance and repair. This could also be done by a maintenance unit, the z. B. compressed air or hydraulic systems connects.

It may be necessary to use the energy recovery systems ( 4 ) in a pivot bearing ( 17 ) hang so that they are not disturbed by slight movements of the ship in the direction of flow.

Whether the energy recovery systems ( 4 ) with rigid arms or movable arms on floats ( 19 ) is a matter of shipbuilding.

The decommissioning framework of energy recovery systems ( 4 ) for maintenance or because the central unit ( 2 ) can absorb little or no energy, the control unit has to operate ( 6 ) and communicate for positioning.

Thus, the generator units ( 3 ) over the energy transmission lines ( 10 ) only suppliers to the central unit ( 2 ).

The central unit ( 2 ), shown in principle in Figure 3, must in turn be positioned in the dressing and has, as far as this is structurally possible, rotors ( 1 ).

It could also be energy recovery systems ( 4 ) or have attached. So it also needs a control unit ( 5 ) for positioning and a control unit ( 6 ) to operate their remote generator units ( 3 ) to influence.

If there are not enough rotors ( 1 ), it would be possible for a more sophisticated generator unit ( 3 ) of the central unit ( 2 ) as a leader ( 9 ) serves.

The essential task of the central unit ( 2 ) is the collection of electrical energy and the transformation into storable forms. For this purpose, it must take the necessary raw materials, either delivered or equal to salt water, and provide the energy, converted into storable form, for collection. This results in their position in the association, because they must be approached for supply and disposal.

For energy conversion and all related work, the state of the art in other fields must be used. The central unit ( 2 ) becomes a floating factory site. It would also be the merger of several hulls ( 7 ) possible.

Figure 4 shows the forces that have to work together or as compensation. Every ship in a current ( 11 ) is taken without drive from the flow, the so-called Trift ( 14 ).

This also applies to energy recovery systems ( 4 ), which are not in operation. Once the systems for energy production ( 4 ), they provide the ocean current ( 11 ) a stronger dynamic pressure ( 13 ). The resulting force has the same direction as the ocean current ( 11 ). The sum of these forces must be compensated. For this purpose, the rotor uses ( 1 ) the wind power ( 16 ) and the ship's rudder ( 15 ) the flow on the hull ( 7 ) so that the forces are in equilibrium.

If on a subsystem, for. B. the central unit ( 2 ), no sufficiently large rotors ( 1 ), other generator units ( 3 ) as a leader ( 9 ) serve and muster the missing forces.

It is also important that the dynamic pressure ( 13 ) of energy recovery systems ( 4 ) the hull ( 7 ) Evenly loaded in the flow direction, otherwise a difficult to detect torsional force must be compensated.

The slightest force exerts the ocean current ( 11 ) on the hull ( 7 ) when the ship is exactly in the flow direction. Since the setting must be optimized with each wind change and thus a transient is necessary, it may be appropriate that the energy recovery systems ( 4 ) on a pivot bearing ( 17 ) and can rotate in the order of the transient angle, so that they are perpendicular to the sea ( 11 ) stop.

The control unit ( 5 ) for positioning must be determined from the velocity of the ocean current ( 11 ), from the angle of attack of the wind and the wind force ( 16 ) determine with which speed the rotor ( 1 ) and the rudder position ( 15 ) build up the necessary counterforce and initiate the necessary settings.

In addition, the central unit ( 2 ) a reduction in performance must be specified, which must be taken into account. When the wind force ( 16 ) for full load of energy recovery systems ( 4 ) is too low, then the generator unit ( 3 ) can lower their power to hold the position.

Figure 5 shows the models ( 20 ) of the same capacity as that used in the AVA ( 25 ) were measured as order performance. Posted in Flettner ( 24 ).

The rotors ( 1 ) have better performance coefficients than the sails over all inflow regions, as Figure 6 shows. The total area of the rotors ( 1 ) in this case, only about 12.5% of the sail area. The necessary drive power for the corresponding rotors ( 1 ) on the research vessel was only 11 kw per rotor at maximum speed. Posted in Flettner ( 24 ).

Figure 6 shows the vectors for the model ( 20 ) according to Figure 5, a hull with double rotors, which is used as a model at the AVA ( 25 ) and built as a German research vessel. Posted in Flettner ( 24 ).

Without much explanation, it can be seen that very strong forces are uniformly available through the interaction of rotor force and rudder force over a large angular range. Thus, the association is in the use of wind power ( 16 ) very flexible.

When measuring in the wind tunnel, the wind direction is constant and the models are rotatable. When used as an energy recovery system ( 4 ) is the direction of the ocean current ( 11 ), and the wind direction ( 12 ) changes. However, the ratio of the flows remains the same.

The diagram shows that when the wind direction changes ( 12 ) does not change the size of the forces in wide ranges. This means small changes in the speed of the rotors ( 1 ).

The wind force ( 16 ), ie the wind speed, the speed of the rotors ( 1 ) However, be adapted constantly, since a constant speed of the association is specified with zero. The change of the wind direction must then constantly by the Rudereinstellung ( 15 ). Therefore, it would be useful to turn the oars to system Flettner ( 26 ), the same inventor as that of the rotors ( 1 ), over flexible ends with little effort to control. In place of the very elaborate control gear for Flettnerruder ( 26 ) It would be possible in the current state of the art to adjust the rudder end with a servomotor. This would minimize the adjustment forces.

Figure 7 shows the performance coefficients of the rotors ( 1 ) and, as a comparison, the performance coefficient of the sail, measured on the models ( 20 ) after picture 5. Published at Flettner ( 24 ). Of course, when changing the direction of rotation of the rotors ( 1 ) to use the same curve in mirror image.

Further performance factors for rotors, in particular for different ratios of length to width and size of the end disks, are available from the AVA ( 25 ) released. With these values, rotors of any size and shape can be dimensioned.

Figure 8 shows in a diagram which forces on the double rotor according to Figure 5 at maximum speed ( 21 ) and at rest ( 23 ). Posted in Flettner ( 24 ).

from that one sees, to what extent regulation is possible, because over the speed control can be any point in this area, in relation to the wind speed.

Overall, an even higher design with higher peripheral speed of the rotors ( 1 ) possible, but you can only wind ( 16 ), which is offered and then exploit as much as the system requires it.

The intermediate curve b ( 23 ) is especially interesting from a safety point of view. It shows the forces on the sailing ship when no sails are set. The rotors ( 1 ) of the same power are less at risk in the storm than the old rigging masts and ropes without set sails.

With low-lying energy recovery systems ( 4 ), the stability is also for small hulls ( 7 ) no security problem.

1

rotor

2

central processing unit

3

generator unit

4

Energy recovery system from turbine, gearbox and generator

5

control unit for positioning

6

control unit to the operation

7

hull

8th

Zugseilverbindungen

9

Zugseilverbindungen as a leader

10

Power transmission lines

11

ocean current

12

Air flow, wind

13

backpressure on energy recovery systems

14

drift, Force from ocean current on hull

15

force from ocean current on hull and rudder

16

Wind force Wind vectors

17

pivot bearing for energy recovery system

18

hoist for energy recovery system

19

float for an energy recovery system

20

Model with sail and rotor of equal power ( Flettner 24 )

21

Load curve of the research vessel at maximum speed of the rotors ( Flettner 24 )

22

Load curve of the research vessel for standing rotors ( Flettner 24 )

23

Loading curve of the research vessel for masts and rigging in reefed sails ( Flettner 24 )

24

Flettner, Anton, Mein Weg zum Rotor, Publisher Koehler & Amelang, Leipzig 1926

25

AVA Aerodynamic Laboratory for Göttingen Fourth Delivery, Munich and Berlin 1932, published by R. Oldenbourg "Measurements on Rotating Cylinders", pages 101-105 ,

26

Rudder system Flettner ( Flettner 24 ) with servomotor.

27

factory on board for energy conversion and storage until removal, as well as possibly for the admission of supplied raw materials.

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list The documents listed by the applicant have been automated generated and is solely for better information recorded by the reader. The list is not part of the German Patent or utility model application. The DPMA takes over no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited non-patent literature

• - Anton Flettner, Mein Weg zum Rotor, Publisher Koehler & Amelang Leipzig 1926 [0036]
• - Flettner [0037]
• - Flettner [0038]
• - Flettner [0039]
• - Flettner [0065]
• - Flettner [0066]
• - Flettner [0067]
• - Flettner [0071]
• - Flettner [0072]
• - Flettner [0074]
• - Flettner [0078]
• - Flettner [0078]
• - Flettner [0078]
• - Flettner [0078]
• - Flettner, Anton, Mein Weg zum Rotor, Publisher Koehler & Amelang, Leipzig 1926 [0078]
• - AVA Aerodynamische Versuchsanstalt zu Göttingen Fourth Delivery, Munich and Berlin 1932, published by R. Oldenbourg "Measurements on Rotating Cylinders", page 101-105 [0078]
• - Flettner [0078]

Claims (12)

Marine power plant without coastal connection, characterized in that floating bodies or ships are in a federation, which are held by rotors in position by wind and carry the systems that absorb the energy from the ocean current and partly carry the systems that the energy gained in process storable and transportable form. Marine power plant according to claim 1, characterized that the floats, depending on the load, a or have more rotors. Marine power plant according to claim 1, characterized in that one or more central processing units, Positioning and possibly also designed for energy, so involved in the association that they are approached can. Marine power plant according to claim 1, characterized that smaller floats as a generator unit designed only for energy and positioning. Marine power plant according to claim 1, characterized that the generator units and central units via Ropes are joined together that hold the bandage together and carry the energy transmission lines. Marine power plant according to claim 1, characterized that individual floats, if necessary, are designed so that they are for the central unit as a leader can drive. Marine power plant according to claim 1, characterized that each float a control unit for Positioning has, from the given position data, the Wind speed and the wind direction, the performance of the rotors and the rudder position pretends. Eventually, data may be off the position of the dressing, such as distance measurements or preload the rope connections, are taken into account. Marine power plant according to claim 1, characterized that each float has a control unit, can execute the signals and specifications of the central unit, so that the generator units work normally unoccupied can. Marine power plant according to claim 1, characterized that the generator units and possibly also the central unit equipped with Flettnerrudern, so the steadily required Rudereinstellungen can be done with minimal effort. Marine power plant according to claim 1, characterized that the auxiliary rudder of Flettnerruders instead of consuming Camshaft gearbox with servomotors can be set. Marine power plant according to claim 1, characterized that energy recovery systems with vertical or horizontal Axis are used, which are so grown or grown and caught up that can be the float stay in the dressing during repair or overhaul work can run and the rotors with correspondingly lower power. Marine power plant according to claim 1, characterized that the boom with the energy recovery systems rigid mounted or supported on floats, and then be able to move in the vertical plane in the swell.