DE102007019027A1 - Regenerative generation method for hydrogen and oxygen, ammonia and methanol from wind energy into electrical energy, involves transforming energy and subsequent electrolysis of water with obtained electrical energy - Google Patents

Abstract

The method involves transforming the wind energy into electrical energy and subsequent electrolysis of water by the obtained electrical energy. The synthesis of the hydrogen is obtained by the electrolysis with carbon dioxide for ammonia. The synthesis of the hydrogen is obtained by the electrolysis with carbon dioxide for methanol. The ship is provided with an optimal wind ratio by Global positioning system navigation, satellites or a computer-assisted weather forecast. An independent claim is also included for a regenerative generation device for generating hydrogen, oxygen, ammonia and methanol from wind energy of an ocean open water.

Description

The The present invention relates to a method of conversion from wind energy over the open water, especially ocean, into electrical energy and to an apparatus for carrying out the method according to the introductory paragraph Sharing the independent Claims.

The current generation of electricity in coal, oil or gas power plants associated with a large CO2 emission. Industrial plants, the Traffic, as far as driven by internal combustion engines, as well as the building heating and air conditioning using fossil fuels also cause a high CO2 load. The increase the share of CO2 in the atmosphere is now recognized as a major factor in global warming. The The inventive method described below is intended by means of Use of marine wind energy (as basic energy) on a large scale contribute to a significant reduction in CO2 emissions and offers about it out of the way to an entry into the production / use of regeneratively produced Hydrogen respectively the entry into a CO2 cycle process.

The conditions of the procedure:

On many areas of the world oceans or seas / inland seas or lakes strong to very strong winds. These winds represent a gigantic, inexhaustible Wind energy potential. They are in their direction and strength often over long periods largely constantly available. (eg the trade winds, the west wind drift, etc.) The proposed method is therefore based on the object to use this wind energy and convert it into electrical energy and this by electrolysis in chemical form (hydrogen) and / or after corresponding synthesis as methanol or ammonia store. The invention proposed method provides a solution to this problem this wind energy to drive floating hydropower turbines in front. These flow turbines preferably over depending on a mechanical transmission electric generators. The generated electrical energy is used for used the operation of electrolysis plants for hydrogen production. This regenerative hydrogen can then be optional for one Methanol or ammonia synthesis plant can be used.

Of the proposed facility is then still the task, to specify a device with which the method is to be carried out in the best possible way. Taking advantage of the winch is attached to a specially designed float (hereinafter referred to as energy ship) by sail / tow and / or dragon's height sail (eg SkySails technology) propulsion and thus a relative speed across from generated by the surrounding water. This relative speed between the float and the surrounding salt or fresh water is then used to operate water flow turbines, which are attached to the float under the water level. These Water current turbines serve as a drive for the mentioned electric generators. The electricity generated here becomes a supply of electrolysis plants for the production of hydrogen and oxygen with electrical energy used to cover the vessel's own needs (depending on Energy ship variant Hydrogen compression / liquefaction or methanol production or ammonia synthesis and various auxiliary operations and optionally for oxygen compression / liquefaction).

In dependence from the loading capacity the energy ship is in a further embodiment of the invention based on the dependent Claims of generated hydrogen or the methanol obtained therefrom (or the ammonia) and optionally the oxygen produced either on correspondingly sized mother ships for temporary storage respectively reprocessed to methanol or ammonia, or these fuels are unloaded from the energy ship directly into specially set transhipment ports and the required starting materials (electrolysis fluid, CO2). In that case, would the intermediate loading and unloading over the mother ships are eliminated.

For this Storage of oxygen (optional) and storage of hydrogen or the further processing of the same to methanol or ammonia arise basically following possible Design variants of the energy ship (for the sake of simplicity Below is only the loading and unloading of energy sources and their starting materials from or described by the mothership (the described methods are also possible in principle Loading and unloading the energy sources and their starting materials directly from the energy vessels in the Transshipment ports, d. H. without caching / further processing on the mother ships).

The following are particularly suitable for this purpose three variants:

version 1

The hydrogen and oxygen obtained by electrolysis are stored on the energy vessel in frozen liquid form (oxygen optional) and then brought to a mothership. There, the frozen liquid hydrogen and oxygen transferred to the mothership. In return, electrolysis-capable water is loaded from the mothership to the energy ship. As soon as the load capacity of the mothership has been reached, it will head for the next transshipment port for unloading the frozen liquid hydrogen and oxygen (optional) and for loading the electrolyzed water (see also 1 and 2 ).

Variant 2

The be obtained by electrolysis hydrogen and oxygen gases cached on the power ship in separate containers under high pressure (Oxygen optional) and then brought to a mothership. There, the hydrogen and oxygen gases are transferred to the mothership (Oxygen optional). In return, electrolyzed water Loaded by the mothership on the energy ship. On the mothership can then (optionally) with the hydrogen and CO2 a methanol synthesis carried out (alternatively, with hydrogen and on modular air separation plants obtained N2 also an ammonia synthesis possible).

Once the load capacity of the mothership is reached, controls this (analogous to variant 1) the next port of shipment for discharging the hydrogen or (optionally) the methanol (or ammonia) and the frozen liquid oxygen (optional), and for loading the electrolyzed water and of frozen liquid CO2 (optional) (see also 3 and 4 ).

Variant 3

In this variant, the methanol synthesis is carried out by means of the hydrogen and CO2 obtained by the electrolysis already on the energy ship. This would in principle make it possible to increase the efficiency of the hydrogen / oxygen electrolysis by exploiting the "waste heat" produced by the exothermic synthesis of methanol to increase the efficiency of this electrolysis, for which there would still be a plant next to a methanol synthesis plant Tank for storing the frozen liquid CO2 would be required.The oxygen (coproduct) obtained during the electrolysis would be stored on the energy vessel in frozen liquid form (optional) In this variant, methanol and frozen liquid oxygen would be transferred from the energy ship to the mother ship and in turn electrolysable Water and frozen liquid CO2 from the mothership loaded on the energy ship (see also 5 and 6 ).

As soon as the loading capacity the mothership is reached controls this (analogous to variant 1) the next Port of transshipment for discharging the methanol as well as the frozen liquid oxygen (optional) as well as for loading electrolysable water and frozen liquid CO2 at.

Other essential features and main components of the invention and the structure of the main floating body (trimaran) of the energy ship for the above-described variants 1-3 are the enclosed 1 to 9 can be seen from the basis of which Ausführungsbeipiele the invention will be described below. These basic sketches contain only the essential features required for understanding the use of ocean wind energy according to the patent claims for these different variants for flow energy utilization and subsequent conversion and storage of the generated electrical energy in the form of hydrogen or methanol.

For same or corresponding elements / components will be in all Figures use the same reference numerals.

It demonstrate:

1 FIG. 2: a longitudinal section of a central main floating body of the energy ship when storing the generated hydrogen and oxygen in frozen liquid form, FIG.

2 : a front view of the power ship (without view of the additional outer floating body) after 1 .

3 : A side view of the central main floating body of the energy ship when storing the generated hydrogen and oxygen in gaseous form in high-pressure vessels,

4 : a front view of the power ship (without view of the additional outer floating body) after 3 .

5 FIG. 2: a side view of the central main floating body of the energy ship during conversion of the generated hydrogen into methanol and storage of the generated oxygen in frozen liquid form, FIG.

6 : a front view of the energy ship (without view of the additional outer floating bodies) in conversion of the generated hydrogen into methanol and storage of the generated oxygen in frozen liquid form,

7 a rough outline of a plan view of the power ship described above with representation of the principle possible arrangement of Floating body for operation with 5 kite heights (eg SkySails technology) for the propulsion of 6 water flow turbines,

8th a rough sketch of the side view of the 7 illustrated variant of the energy ship and

9 a rough sketch of a top view of the energy ship described above showing the principle possible arrangement of the floating body for operation with 3 kite altitude sails (eg., SkySails technology) for the drive of 6 water flow turbines.

1 schematically shows the essential elements of the energy vessel for converting the flow energy (generated by the propulsion of the sailing systems and the resulting relative speed of the energy ship against the surrounding sea water) in the schematic diagram of the longitudinal section of the central main floating body of the energy ship and 2 shows a schematic diagram of the associated front view of the main floating body (trimaran of the energy ship (without view of the additional outer floating body).

The conversion of the flow energy of the water into electrical energy takes place by means of six modular free-flow turbines ( 40 ), each with a waterproof housing ( 1 ), each by means of a sufficiently sized cantilever ( 2 ) at the central main floating body ( 3 ) and the two smaller lateral floats ( 4 ) are attached. These side trimaran floats ( 4 ) are sufficiently dimensioned further cantilevers ( 5 ) rigidly with the central main floating body ( 3 ) connected.

In the waterproof case ( 1 ) of this free-flow turbine ( 40 ) is an electric generator ( 41 ) together with a transmission ( 42 ) accommodated by a 3-bladed turbine wheel ( 6 ), wherein the execution of this turbine wheel can basically be 2 or 4-leaf.

By means of the cantilever arm ( 2 ) laid cables or insulated busbars is that of the individual electric generators ( 41 ) to the generator input fields of a medium-voltage switchgear ( 7 ) and via a transformer output field to a medium-voltage / low-voltage / low-voltage transformer ( 8th ) forwarded to the conversion of the present at the generator terminals medium voltage in the required for the electrolysis low voltage and to supply a low-voltage own demand switchgear ( 9 ).

By means of insulated busbars, the low-voltage alternating current required for the electrolysis of the low-voltage tap of the transformer to a rectifier plant ( 10 ) forwarded to generate the required for the electrolysis DC voltage. By means of busbars, the direct current from the rectifier to the electrolysis systems ( 11 ) forwarded. There is carried out with electrolyzed water, the buffered and continuous electrolysis of hydrogen and oxygen gas. The storage of the electrolyzed water takes place in a suitable and sufficiently dimensioned tank ( 12 ). This description of the conversion of the individual steps from the use of wind energy by the fully automatic sailing systems to the production of hydrogen and oxygen gas is basically also for the in 3 and 5 shown variants of the energy ship ( 43 ) identical.

The generated hydrogen is then stored in a buffered continuous process in a suitable freezer unit ( 13 ) liquefied and in a special extremely well-insulated, preferably spherical liquefied gas tank ( 14 ) stored without pressure. Similarly, the oxygen produced in a buffered continuous process in a suitable freezer unit ( 15 ) liquefied and in a special extremely well-insulated, preferably spherical liquefied gas tank ( 16 ) are stored without pressure (optional). This storage of the frozen liquid hydrogen and oxygen takes place in much the same way as in the already proven for decades method for liquefied gas tankers.

In the bug ( 44 ) of the ship is still schematically the retracted and folded device ( 17 ) for accommodating a large-scale fully automatic kite altitude sail ( 45 ). Furthermore, in the rear ( 46 ) of the ship still schematic the control room ( 18 ) of the energy ship ( 43 ), as well as residential and accommodation spaces for the operating and maintenance personnel of the energy ship. The line A corresponds in each case to the immersion depth of the energy ship ( 43 ).

3 shows analogously to 1 in a schematic way the essential elements of the energy ship ( 43 ) in the schematic diagram of a longitudinal section of the central main floating body ( 3 ) of the energy ship and in the schematic diagram of the front view 4 the main floating body (trimaran) of the power ship with no view of the additional external floating bodies for the storage of the generated hydrogen and oxygen (optional) in high-pressure tube bundles. The functions of the elements ( 1 ) to ( 12 ) as well as the elements ( 17 ) and ( 18 ) are identical to those of 1 , After the electrolysis, the generated hydrogen gas with a preferably multi-stage high pressure compressor ( 19 ) compressed for hydrogen gas and in a suitable for the storage of hydrogen high-pressure tube bundle ( 20 ) saved.

As an alternative to the above described storage of the hydrogen gas under high pressure in the high pressure tube bundle ( 20 ) is basically also a storage of the recovered hydrogen gas by means of nanotube storage container ( 48 ), Metal hybrid storage containers ( 49 ) or other future hydrogen storage technologies once they have reached the marketability and cost-effectiveness of storing large quantities of hydrogen gas.

The generated oxygen gas may also be in a preferably multi-stage high pressure compressor ( 21 ) compressed for oxygen gas and in a suitable for the storage of oxygen high-pressure tube bundle ( 22 ) get saved.

5 shows analogously to 1 and 3 in a schematic way the essential elements of the energy ship ( 43 ) in the schematic diagram of a longitudinal section of the central main floating body of the energy ship and in the schematic diagram of the front view after 6 the main floating body (trimaran) of the energy ship (without view of the additional external floating bodies) for the methanol synthesis and storage of the oxygen in frozen liquefied form. The functions of the elements ( 1 ) to ( 12 ) as well as the elements ( 17 ) and ( 18 ) are identical to those of 1 to 4 ,

That in electrolysis ( 11 Hydrogen gas produced in a buffered and continuous process together with carbon dioxide (CO2) in a methanol synthesis plant ( 23 ) is converted to methanol by means of a suitable catalyst (eg zinc oxide) under high pressure and high temperature in an exothermic reaction.

The methanol produced is then stored in a suitable tank ( 24 ) stored at ambient temperature. The CO2 required for methanol synthesis is stored in a special extremely well-insulated, preferably spherical liquefied gas tank ( 25 ) stored without pressure. Similarly, the oxygen produced in a buffered continuous process in a suitable freezer unit ( 15 ) liquefied and in a special extremely well-insulated, preferably spherical liquefied gas tank ( 16 ) are stored without pressure (optional).

From the transshipment ports become the respective energy sources (Hydrogen, methanol or ammonia) as well as the oxygen (optional) from separate transport vessels to the consumer centers of the world energy market brought. Alternative and case-dependent This transport can be to the consumer centers of the world energy market directly by the motherships, respectively the energy vessels, respectively. this could if necessary, especially in the initial phase or introduction phase of the ocean wind power utilization to be required. There, the hydrogen can be used for CO2-free power generation be used; preferably for the operation of fuel cells. Methanol can be used immediately as a CO2-reduced fuel (due to Dual utilization of CO2) for internal combustion engines in the traffic sector (admixture to gasoline / replacement of gasoline), industrial plants and heating systems, as well as in the near future preferably as well Operation of fuel cells are used or in power plants to generate electricity. On the way back of the transport or mother ships will that for the methanol synthesis (option) required liquid CO2 (eg obtained from already existing CO2 capture plants in Norway, as well as Emissions from thermal power plants (with CO2 sequestration) / oil rigs / industrial plants) and electrolyzable Water taken. In the alternative, in principle, also possible Ammonia synthesis requires no transport of liquid CO2.

at It is the proposed method of sea-going wind energy utilization advantageous when the wind flow directions preferably long largely constant and the wind strength strong enough for one efficient operation of the energy vessels / water flow turbines. As a location could Therefore, the oceans preferred to be used around the Antarctic. There reign throughout the year strong winds in largely constant direction (west wind drift), so that there is a huge quasi-closed wind cycle here. In this application case would several motherships preferably between the 40th and 60th southern Latitude around the Antarctic circle (with opposite the Energy ships reduced speed). The energy ships Always sailing in one direction from mothership to mothership or from one transshipment port to another. There is also one the possibility, that several energy ships in a bandage shared with the mothership form a convoy (with equal speed of mothership and the energy ships). Basically also other resistant ones Strong wind areas in the oceans for the application of the proposed Method possible z. B. In the area of trade winds).

To the individual components:

1. The energy ship:

The energy ship ( 43 ) should be designed so that its floats as little as possible Have flow resistance and allow the largest possible sail area, respectively, the largest possible number of fully automatic sailing systems. They are therefore preferably as a trimaran with a central main floating body and two laterally symmetrically mounted and rigidly connected smaller floats with additionally still symmetrically mounted on both sides of the outer floats.

The mechanical connections of these outer floating body to the trimaran are preferably interpreted as meaning that they are not rigidly fixed to the mechanical relief of the energy ship construction in the horizontal direction on the trimaran and that further application of these lateral Außenschwimmkörper is possible, for. B. for driveways in port entrances for major maintenance / repairs) On each of these five floating bodies then fully automatic sails and / or fully automatic kite altitude sail, z. B. to be installed according to SkySails technology. The modular flow turbines are then attached to the stern of the trimaran floats (main and rigidly attached side floats) at a sufficient depth below the surface of the water (See also 1 to 6 ).

Further appropriate lifting devices shall be provided to enable the maintenance of modular flow turbines or repair work at a sufficient height above the water surface (A) temporary sure to fix.

fully automatic to be operated big sails, trailing sails or dragon sails (eg SkySails technology) pull the energy ship through the sea water and drift through the resulting relative movement between energy ship and the surrounding sea water designed as flow turbines Hydro turbines on. The turbines act in addition to the flow resistance of the float as a counterforce to the sail drive. Due to physical laws The performance of the turbines increases disproportionately with the speed of the energy ship.

Further the power ship has all the necessary facilities, which for the safe use of the vessel under oceanic conditions required are like B. rudder system, lifeboat, fuel tanks, radio equipment, Bilge pumps, etc. In addition, these energy ships, the state of the art accordingly, equipped with GPS navigation technology. The route planning takes place based on satellite / computerized weather forecasts in order to optimum utilization of existing wind conditions for the intended generation of energy and to achieve the best possible Performance, the greatest possible Usage factor and the largest possible Security for the use of energy ships.

The basic structure and the arrangement of the main components of the energy ship are in the coarse-prin- cipal sketches 7 . 8th and 9 seen. Only the main features required for the understanding of the ocean-wind energy utilization according to the invention for the implementation of the marine wind energy for use as water flow energy are given in these rough-draft sketches. Complementary features to the main components of the various energy-saving variants are 1 to 6 refer to. The same reference numerals are used for the same or corresponding elements / components.

7 shows in plan view schematically how the principal transmission of power from the Dragon's height sails ( 26 ) via control pods ( 27 ) and the combined traction cable and control cable ( 28 ) to the various floats ( 3 . 4 ) of the energy ship ( 43 ) he follows. By means of these control pods ( 27 ) can be the dragon height sails (as in 7 in a very simplified way) always position so that the different kite heights are in both horizontal orientation (as in 7 shown) as well as in vertical orientation (as in 8th shown) in "spread" formation.

These Alignment is facilitated by the fact that in the intended "operating position" of this Drachenhöhensegel from about 150 m to 300 m above the water surface at normal "working wind conditions" a largely turbulence-free air flow is present.

The power transmission from the traction cable of the respective kite altitude sail on the associated floating body of the energy ship takes place at a central attachment point in the bow-side region of the associated float. The structure of the energy ship consists of the central Hautschwimmkörper ( 3 ), which has sufficiently dimensioned cantilevers ( 5 ) with the central main floating body rigidly connected smaller lateral floating body ( 4 ) (Trimaran concept), as well as the additional external floating bodies ( 29 ), which have sufficiently dimensioned cantilevers ( 30 ) on the lateral floats ( 4 ) of the "trimaran" are attached.

For the sake of simplicity, the water flow turbines are in these rough princedip sketches ( 7 - 10 ) not as free-flow turbines but as sheath flow turbines ( 31 ). Further, also for the sake of simplicity, this coarse basic sketches ( 7 - 10 ) on the presentation of the additional possible equipment of the central main floating body and the two lateral "trimaran" -Swimmkörpers with a fully automatic "mast" omitted.

8th shows in a schematic way as a rough outline sketch the side view of an energy ship ( 43 ) for the operation with 5 dragon height sails (side view to 7 )

9 shows in plan view schematically as a rough outline sketch the view of an energy ship for the operation with only 3 Drachenhöhensegeln. The functionality and interaction of the various components is basically the same as under 7 described.

On the central main floating body of the Energieschiffes are the medium-voltage and low-voltage switchgear for the auxiliary companies, the medium / low voltage / low voltage transformer, the rectifier plant as well as the electrolysis plants and the containers for the electrolyzed water. In variant 2 are still compressors for gas compression and pressure vessels for Recording of the generated hydrogen and oxygen gases (optional) intended. Alternatively, the storage of the generated hydrogen on the float in frozen liquid form (Variant 1) or after appropriate synthesis in the form of liquid methanol (Variant 3). For the methanol synthesis would a memory for liquid CO2 required and a correspondingly designed methanol synthesis plant. Alternatively, an ammonia synthesis is possible. Furthermore, the Oxygen (optional) basically in liquid Form are saved (in variant 1 and 2).

The Sails can mounted on the floats and / or as a tow sail / kite altitude sail with one or more Drive rope (s) between sail and ship (floats). There are preferably several modular water flow turbines on an energy ship appropriate. Each turbine drives an electric generator at. The electricity generated by the generators is used for a water electrolysis plant for the production of hydrogen and oxygen gas and for the other Own needs of the ship used.

To the Maneuver the ship without sail drive is an auxiliary motor provided.

alternative can do this the flow turbines also for driving compressors to store the generated flow energy be used in the form of compressed air.

The generated compressed air would then discharge to the motherships to operate there compressed air turbines for driving generators for generating electrical energy. Next to it would be in this case the flow turbines nor an auxiliary generator to cover the personal needs of the energy ship to power electricity. Because of the relatively bad Overall efficiency of this compressed air variant, this is expected only in special cases be considered.

2. The towboat

Around with the currently available, respectively for the near future still relatively poorly designed automatic sailing systems (eg SkySails Technology - 5MW Rated power for Projected 2008), which for one possible economic operation of the energy vessels required maximum propulsive force To achieve, respectively to increase, the use of additional special tug boats are provided.

These Towing vessels basically have the same structure as the energy vessels with fully automatic operation Sailing, towing or kite sailing (eg SkySails technology). As in the case of energy ships, the floats of the tugboats are like that to interpret that as possible little flow resistance have in the direction of advance.

The Tug boats are also to be optimized in size and weight so that they have enough mechanical Strength and seaworthiness for have the intended use in strong wind areas, as well as enough mass own to opposite the sail, tow or kite heights used (eg SkySails technology) occurring forces sufficient driving safety to ensure.

It There are no other facilities on these towboats to the flow energy conversion like the energy ships. The exclusive purpose of these towboats it is the one to operate the turbines required driving force and speed of the "attached" energy ship to increase.

The resulting from the sail drives of the respective towboat horizontal propulsion force is preferably by means of one or several sufficiently dimensioned ropes (s) transferred to the "attached" energy ship.

Depending on an optimization process still to be carried out, one or more towboats can then be used to reinforce the "propulsion power" of the respective energy ship. (See also attachment 10 ) For maneuvering the tugboats without sail drive an auxiliary engine is to be provided.

By way of example, the rough-outline sketch follows 10 the basic arrangement of a bandage ( 47 ) consisting of 2 tug boats ( 32 ), each with 5 dragon-height sails and an energy ship with 5 dragon-height sails. In this rough sketch, only the main components required for understanding the possible structure of such a towed dressing are given.

10 shows in plan view schematically how the power transmission from the tugboats ( 32 ) by means of a sufficiently dimensioned and permanently seawater-resistant rope ( 33 ) from a central attachment point ( 34 ) on the stern of the central float ( 35 ) of the towboat to the central attachment point ( 36 ) at the bow of the central main floating body ( 3 ) of the energy ship ( 43 ) he follows.

In addition to the use for "propulsion reinforcement" of energy vessels, there is another purpose of this "towing vessels" ( 32 ) as a regenerative powerful auxiliary drive / propulsion of large cargo ships / large container ships / supertankers / large liquefied gas tankers / large cruise ships as well as other large ships, especially in the area of the trade winds and the west wind drift.

As in the composite process described above ( 47 ) of towed vessels ( 32 ) with an energy ship ( 43 ), the horizontal propulsion force resulting from the sail drives of the respective towed vessel is preferably achieved by means of one or more permanently seawater-resistant ropes (s) which are mounted on a central attachment point (FIG. 34 ) on the stern of the central float ( 35 ) of the towboat ( 32 ) is attached to a central attachment point at the bow of the respective towed large cargo ship / large container ship / supertanker / large liquefied gas tanker / large cruise ship. These tugboats do not have to be permanently assigned to one of the big cargo ships / big container ships / supertankers / big liquefied gas tankers / big cruise liners, but can move freely on the oceans (intersect) and can occasionally especially in the area of the trade winds to "propulsion gain" of large Cargo ships / large container ships / supertankers / large liquefied gas tankers / large cruise ships and other large vessels. Another purpose for the towing vessels still results as a fast and powerful transport ship for easily verderbli che goods (eg tropical fruits) in regular service, especially in the field of trade winds. In this case, it would have to be equipped with the necessary refrigerated storage rooms.

3. The mothership:

In The simplest form is the mothership as a floating storage / transfer station for hydrogen and electrolyzable Water and optionally also oxygen conceived. The mothership has basically the multiple loading capacity of individual energy vessels. In the case of the conversion of hydrogen gas and CO2 to methanol on the mothership, becomes the generated hydrogen and optionally the oxygen of the energy vessels in the latches of the mothership pumped (unloaded). In return, that provides Mother ship the power ships with electrolyzable water. The optional possible Conversion process of H2 and CO2 to the final product methanol (alternative Ammonia) is a buffered, continuous process.

Depending on the size of the plant for the Methanol production (alternatively a plant for ammonia production) is also a generation of liquid Methanol or ammonia directly on the energy vessels. In In this case, the function of the mothership on the reloading / caching of operating materials (CO2 and electrolyzed water) and the on the Energy products produced methanol or ammonia and (optional) Oxygen limited.

at the area of application around the Antarctic (west wind drift) should the preferred loading and unloading of motherships in "transshipment ports" with corresponding storage capacity in the south Be carried out area of the earth hemisphere, such. B. on the south coast of Republic of South Africa, Tasmania (Australia), Patagonia (Argentina, Chile), New Zealand or various smaller islands. Optionally, the mothership is also for docking to be aligned by transport vessels on the high seas.

4. The transport ship:

The transport ship brings the frozen liquid hydrogen or the liquid methanol or ammonia and frozen liquid oxygen (optional) from these "transhipment ports" / motherships to seaports all over the world, from where the hydrogen, respectively the methanol / ammonia and the oxygen (optional In principle, these transport vessels for the deep-frozen liquid hydrogen, the liquid CO2 and the liquid oxygen (optional) as already possible existing liquefied gas tanker be constructed. The transport vessels for the transport of electrolyzed water and the removal of methanol / ammonia could in principle be designed as existing gasoline tankers.

at central large "evaporator systems" (eg in feed stations NEN for hydrogen / oxygen pipelines) for the frozen liquid Hydrogen and the frozen liquid Oxygen (optional) has the option of preferably multi-stage Low-temperature evaporation processes (N2, CO2, ammonia cycle, etc - analog to a steam power plant) a large part of for liquefaction of hydrogen, respectively oxygen, required energy in Regain form of electrical energy. On the way back bring the Transport vessels electrolysable Water and for the methanol synthesis cooled liquid CO2 to the "transhipment ports" or the mother ships.

The for the synthesis of methanol required liquid CO2 can, for. B. from reformers for the capture of CO2 and the extraction of hydrogen from natural gas, the exhaust gases from thermal power plants, offshore oil rigs or large industrial plants. The capture of CO2 from the exhaust gas of a thermal fossil or methanol fueled Power plant is considerably simplified (far less expensive) if these thermal fossil or with, from ocean wind power, Methanol fired power plants instead of air with pure oxygen operate. For economic reasons, it would be therefore for the introduction of a CO2 cycle process advantageous, in future thermal power plants in coastal areas Build sites ..

Claims (28)

Process for the regenerative production of hydrogen and oxygen from wind energy over open water of an ocean, sea or inland water a conversion of wind energy into electrical energy and subsequent Electrolysis of water with the obtained electrical energy. Process for regenerative production of ammonia from wind energy over open water of an ocean, sea or inland water a conversion of wind energy into electrical energy, then Electrolysis of water with the obtained electrical energy and others Synthesis of the hydrogen obtained during the electrolysis with carbon dioxide to ammonia. Process for the regenerative production of methanol from wind energy over open water of an ocean, sea or inland water by one Conversion of wind energy into electrical energy, then Electrolysis of water with the obtained electrical energy and Further synthesis of the hydrogen obtained in the electrolysis with carbon dioxide to methanol. Method according to one of claims 1 to 3, wherein by means of the wind energy floats (energy ships) to be moved on the water, their movement into electrical energy is converted. Method according to one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the regenerative Generation of hydrogen and / or oxygen takes place on the float. Method according to one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the regenerative Generation of ammonia or methanol takes place on the float. Method according to one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the electrical Energy stored in sufficiently sized accumulators becomes. Method according to one of claims 1 to 7, wherein hydrogen, Oxygen, ammonia or methanol stored on the floating body (energy ship) become. Device for the regenerative production of hydrogen and oxygen from wind energy over open water of an ocean, sea or inland water a conversion by the wind energy generated driving force and the resulting relative movement of a floating body relative to the surrounding water by means provided on this float water flow turbines and from these powered generators into electrical energy and subsequent electrolysis of water with the obtained electrical Energy. Device for the regenerative production of hydrogen and oxygen from wind energy over open water of an ocean, sea or inland water by a conversion of wind energy into electrical energy and subsequent electrolysis of water with the obtained electrical energy with one or more floats ( 3 . 4 . 29 ) on which, on the one hand, sails ( 26 ), on the other hand each with an electric generator ( 41 ) are arranged connected water flow turbines whose wheels ( 6 ) immerse in the water carrying the float and the at least one electrolysis plant ( 11 ) exhibit. Device for the regenerative production of ammonia from wind energy over open water of an ocean, sea or inland water by a conversion by the wind energy generated driving force and the resulting relative movement of a floating body relative to the surrounding water by means provided on this float water flow turbines in electrical energy, then electrolysis of water with the obtained electrical energy and further synthesis of the hydrogen obtained in the electrolysis (H ₂ ) with nitrogen (N ₂ ) to ammonia. Device for the regenerative production of methanol from wind energy over open water of an ocean, sea or inland water by a conversion by the wind energy generated driving force and the resulting relative movement of a floating body against the surrounding water by means provided on this float water flow turbines in electrical energy, then electrolysis of water with the obtained electrical energy and further synthesis of the hydrogen obtained in the electrolysis (H ₂ ) with carbon dioxide (CO ₂ ) to methanol. Device according to one of claims 9 to 12, comprising a tank ( 16 ) for the gas produced during the electrolysis. Device according to one of claims 9 to 12, which is a freezer unit ( 13 . 15 ) for the gas produced during the electrolysis. Device according to one of the preceding claims 9 to 14, comprising a tank ( 12 ) for storage of the electrolyzed water. Device according to one of the preceding claims 9 to 14, comprising a thermally insulated liquefied gas tank ( 16 ) for storage of the oxygen gas generated in the electrolysis. Device according to one of the preceding claims 9 to 16, in which the turbines on both sides of the floating body Cantilevers are supported. Device according to one of claims 9 to 17, wherein the sails as a tow or kite altitude sail (eg in SkySails technology). Device according to one of the preceding claims 9 to 18, comprising a tank ( 12 ) for electrolyzed water, a high-pressure compressor ( 19 ) for compression and a high-pressure tube bundle ( 20 ) for storing the generated hydrogen gas, and a high-pressure compressor ( 21 ) for compression and a high-pressure tube bundle ( 22 ) for storing the generated oxygen gas, or a freezer unit ( 15 ) and a thermally insulated liquefied gas tank ( 16 ) for the oxygen gas generated in the electrolysis. Device according to one of the preceding claims 9 to 19, comprising a tank ( 12 ) for electrolyzed water, a methanol synthesis plant ( 23 ) and a tank ( 24 ) for storing the methanol produced, and a thermally insulated liquefied gas tank ( 25 ) for storing the carbon dioxide (CO 2) required for the synthesis of methanol, a freezer unit ( 15 ) and a thermally insulated liquefied gas tank ( 16 ) for the oxygen gas produced during the electrolysis or a high pressure compressor ( 21 ) for compression and a high-pressure tube bundle ( 22 ) for storing the generated oxygen gas. Device according to one of the preceding claims 9 to 20, comprising a tank ( 12 ) for electrolysable water, one or more sufficiently sized nanotube storage containers for storing the hydrogen gas generated by electrolysis and a thermally insulated liquefied gas tank ( 16 ) for the oxygen gas produced during the electrolysis or a high pressure compressor ( 21 ) for compression and a high-pressure tube bundle ( 22 ) for storing the generated oxygen gas. Device according to one of the preceding claims 9 to 21, comprising a tank ( 12 ) for electrolyzed water, one or more sufficiently sized metal hybrids storage tanks for storing the hydrogen gas generated by electrolysis and a thermally insulated liquefied gas tank ( 16 ) for the oxygen gas produced during the electrolysis or a high pressure compressor ( 21 ) for compression and a high-pressure tube bundle ( 22 ) for storing the generated oxygen gas. Device according to one of claims 1 to 22, wherein the sails as a towed vehicle controlled by a fully automated and computerized control system. or kite highsail (eg Skysails technology) are formed. Method according to one of claims 1 to 8, wherein by means of GPS navigation as well as satellite and / or computer aided weather forecast a computer-aided Route planning for the use of energy vessels to achieve the intended Purpose optimal wind conditions occurs and to achieve the best possible Energy production, the largest possible Usage factor and the largest possible Security for the use of energy vessels leads. Device for regenerative auxiliary drive of energy-generating floats after egg Nem of claims 9 to 24 by means of marine wind energy by forming a dressing ( 47 ) these floats are equipped with one or more fully automatic sails, tows or kite sails ( 26 ), towed vessels ( 32 ), whereby by the sail drives of the respective towed ships ( 32 ) resulting horizontal propulsion force by means of one or more sufficiently dimensioned and permanently seawater resistant ropes (s) ( 33 ) from a central attachment point ( 34 ) on the stern of the central float ( 35 ) of the towing vessels (s) to a central attachment point at the bow of the power-generating floating body or at the bow of the central main floating body ( 3 ) of the energy ship ( 43 ) is transmitted. Device for regenerative auxiliary drive / propulsion of large cargo ships / large container ships / supertankers / large liquid-fuel tankers or large cruise ships according to one of claims 9 to 25 by means of marine wind energy by using the towed vessels ( 32 ) by the formation of a bandage, whereby by the sail drives of the respective towed ships ( 32 ) resulting horizontal propulsion force by means of one or more sufficiently dimensioned and permanently seawater resistant ropes (s) ( 33 ) from a central attachment point ( 34 ) on the stern of the central float ( 35 ) of the tug (s) is transferred to a central point of attachment at the bow of the "towing" large cargo ships / large container ships / supertankers / large liquefied gas tankers and large cruise ships. Use of the method according to claim 7 for regenerative Personal or emergency supply of electrical energy as well for the supply of battery-powered electrical "auxiliary drives / operated" (eg in windy weather, Headwind or damage the sails, etc.) for use / retrofitting on sailing ships or yachts as well as for use / retrofit with Skysails technology (fully automatic kite altitude sail) equipped Motor and superyachts. Use of the method according to claim 1 for regenerative Internal power supply of electrical energy and hydrogen production and storing the hydrogen according to the method of any one of previous claims for supplying fuel cells or for hydrogen operation suitable Internal combustion engines for driving (emergency) generators in order Generation of electrical energy, (eg in windy winds, head wind or damage the sails, etc.) for use / retrofitting on sailing ships or yachts, as well as for Use / retrofitting equipped with Skysails technology (fully automatic kite altar sail) and superyachts.