DE102008042387A1 - Coupling device for frictional connection of two rotatable components - Google Patents

Abstract

It is a coupling device (1) for frictional connection of two rotatable components (2, 3) with a first coupling half (4) and a second coupling half (5), each with one of the components to be connected (2, 3) are in operative connection and via a hydraulic actuator (6) are frictionally engaged with each other, described. At least the first coupling half (4) comprises for producing and releasing the frictional connection between the two rotatable components (2, 3), a first component (4A) and a second component (4B), which are designed rotatable relative to one another. A hydraulic actuation force of the actuating device (6) is caused by a relative movement between the components (4A, 4B) triggered by the frictionally engaged coupling halves (4, 5) in the region of a transducer device (7), by means of which a relative movement between the components (4A 4B) can be transformed into a hydraulic actuating pressure of the actuating device (6).

Description

The The invention relates to a coupling device for frictional connection two rotatable components according to the Preamble of claim 1 further defined type.

Out the practice known transmission devices of drive trains of Machines or vehicle transmissions are usually designed with facilities by means of the one translation and thus the range of services of a prime mover to the current Operating state of a machine or adaptable to a driving condition is.

at so-called manual transmissions of machines or vehicles the gear change by an operator or by a driver causes and executed. In contrast, one leads Transmission control in fully automated transmissions the ratio change automatically. Relief of the operator or the driver from this activity is attached partially automated transmissions from the degree of automation. Also at automated transmissions become certain transmission functions - neutral, Backwards, parking etc. - over one Shift or selector lever determined by the driver.

A important interface between a driver and the vehicle the switching device. It significantly influences the sense of comfort. From which elements a switching device is constructed depends essentially depends on whether to switch with or without power interruption. But also the type of vehicle, such as cars or commercial vehicles, the type of drive, such as Front or rear wheel drive and the conditions of use have an influence on it.

In The transmission technology is basically between inner and outer switching elements distinguished, wherein present under internal switching elements in Gear arranged devices, such as shift rails, Rocker arms, synchronizers, band brakes and positive or friction clutches or brakes, to be understood. External switching elements are switching elements, like selector lever, Four-link gearboxes, torsional shafts or cables arranged outside the gearbox are.

Especially friction Switching elements of transmissions are often hydraulic or electromotive actuators in an open one or converted into a closed operating state.

Around such frictional To lead switching elements in an enclosed state or to hold in the closed state, these are each with a in the field of controls Closing force to be generated and with an equivalent to the closed state of the switching elements Holding force hydraulic or electric motor to apply. The required closing force as well as the permanently applied holding force is from a power source by providing energy, however disadvantageously, a total efficiency of a transmission device or affected by a machine becomes.

Of the The present invention is therefore based on the object, a coupling device to the frictional Connecting two rotatable components with a first coupling half and a second coupling half to disposal to provide, which is operable with low energy consumption.

According to the invention this Task with a coupling device having the features of claim 1 solved.

at the coupling device according to the invention to the frictional Connecting two rotatable components with a first coupling half and a second coupling half, each in operative connection with one of the components to be connected stand and over a hydraulic actuator frictionally engaged with each other can be brought into engagement, comprises at least the first coupling half for Manufacture and release the frictional Connection between the two rotatable components, a first component and a second component, which are designed to be rotatable relative to each other, wherein a hydraulic actuating force the actuator by a through the frictionally engaged in Engaging coupling halves triggered relative movement between the components in the region of a converter device, by means of the a relative movement between the components in a hydraulic actuating pressure the actuator is transformable, can be generated.

It is thereby achieved that the coupling device according to the invention from an operating point to which the two coupling halves are in frictional engagement, which triggers a relative movement between the components, via a so-called self-reinforcement without a tätigungsseinrichtungsseitige closing force caused by additional energy use in the range of a power source, such as a hydraulic pump is to be generated, is brought into a closed operating state or held in a closed state, whereby the coupling device is operable with high efficiency. If the coupling device according to the invention is used, for example, in a transmission device of a vehicle or in a transmission direction of a drive train of a machine, these transmission devices are in comparison to transmission devices, which are designed with conventional coupling devices, in a simple and cost-effective manner also operable with a higher efficiency.

The hydraulic actuator a structurally simple, inexpensive to produce and space-saving Embodiment of Coupling device according to the invention comprises a piston-cylinder device, by means of the second component of the first coupling half with respect to the second coupling half depending on one hydraulic actuating pressure is translationally displaceable.

A Training that can be operated with little tax and regulatory effort the coupling device according to the invention is with at least one piston-cylinder unit with at least two piston chambers formed transducer means, wherein the volumes the piston chambers dependent on a relative movement between the two components of the first coupling half vary.

at an advantageous development of the coupling device according to The invention relates to the piston chambers the piston-cylinder unit, each with a piston chamber of the piston-cylinder device via a Valve device can be brought into operative connection, whereby one through the change the volumes of the piston chambers the piston-cylinder unit and resulting pressure changes for operation the coupling device can be used in a simple manner and an efficiency of the coupling device can be improved with little operating effort is, since in the operation of the coupling device only energy for the actuation of Apply valve device is.

The Valve device is in a structurally simple and low Effort operable embodiment the coupling device according to the invention designed as a 4/2-way valve.

at an alternative embodiment The coupling device according to the invention is the valve device designed as a 4/3-way valve, with which the piston chambers the piston-cylinder unit with each of the piston chambers of the piston-cylinder device can be brought into operative connection and the hydraulic connections between the piston chambers the piston-cylinder device and the piston-cylinder unit in the region of the valve device Operational state dependent lockable are prevented as well as an exchange of hydraulic fluid between the piston chambers is to a current operating state of the coupling device without To be able to maintain energy expenditure.

The Piston-cylinder unit comprises in a further advantageous embodiment the coupling device according to the invention the two piston chambers limiting piston elements, which facing away from the piston chambers with their End faces on a control surface a rotatably connected to the second component of the first coupling half Abut cam element, wherein the two piston elements in dependence a relative movement between the two components of the cam member in one the volume of the piston spaces varying extent are displaced. This will be a relative movement between the two components of the first coupling half on constructive simple manner in one for the actuation of the coupling device converted according to the invention required actuating pressure and for the activity the coupling device requires no additional drive power.

at an alternative and space-saving embodiment this the piston-cylinder unit comprises at least one limiting the piston chambers Piston element and at least one cylinder element, wherein the piston element rotatably with the second or the first component and the cylinder element is connected to the first or the second component of the first coupling half, and wherein the piston element in the cylinder element in dependence a relative movement between the two components in one the volume of the piston chambers varying extent is arranged slidably, which is for the actuation of the Coupling device no additional Drive energy needed more becomes.

to Avoidance of improper operating conditions the coupling device according to the invention is a relative movement between the two components of the first coupling half in an advantageous embodiment the coupling device limited by a positive stop.

at a marked by low operating costs embodiment the coupling device according to the invention is a frictionally engaged with the second coupling half operable area of the first coupling half of the Piston-cylinder device with respect to the two components translationally displaceable executed and rotatably with a connected to the components. This is the region having a friction lining the first coupling half designed as a separate component of the coupling device and can be replaced in the case of service with little installation effort.

Further advantages and advantageous developments of the invention emerge from the sponsors Claims and the principles described in principle with reference to the drawings, wherein for the sake of clarity in the description of the embodiments for construction and functionally identical components, the same reference numerals are used.

It shows:

1 a highly schematic longitudinal sectional view of a first embodiment of a coupling device according to the invention;

2 a highly schematic hydraulic scheme of a hydraulic actuator and a converter device of the embodiments of the coupling device according to the invention shown in the drawing;

3 a cross-sectional view of the coupling device according to 1 along an in 1 closer to section II-II;

4 a 3 corresponding representation of a second embodiment of the coupling device according to the invention;

5 a 1 corresponding representation of a third embodiment of the coupling device according to the invention;

6 a 5 corresponding representation of a fourth embodiment of the coupling device according to the invention;

7 a 5 and 6 corresponding representation of a fifth embodiment of the coupling device according to the invention; and

8th a cross-sectional view of in 5 to 7 illustrated embodiments of the coupling device according to the invention along a in 5 to 7 Section VIII-VIII shown in detail.

1 shows a schematic structure of a coupling device 1 in a longitudinal sectional view of a transmission device, not shown, of a vehicle for the frictional connection of two rotatable components 2 . 3 , which are formed here as waves. The coupling device 1 has a first coupling half 4 and a second coupling half 5 on, each with one of the rotatable components to be connected 2 respectively. 3 are in operative connection and the via an actuator 6 frictionally engaged with each other can be brought.

The first coupling half 4 comprises for producing and releasing the frictional operative connection between the two rotatable components 2 and 3 a first component 4A and a second component 4 B which are designed rotatable relative to each other.

A hydraulic actuating force of the actuator 6 is by a by the frictionally engaged coupling halves 4 and 5 triggered relative movement between the components 4A and 4B in the range of a converter device 7 , By means of a relative movement between the components 4A and 4B in a hydraulic actuation pressure of the actuator 6 is transformable, can be generated. This is the first component 4A non-rotatable with the rotatable component 2 connected and the second component 4B rotatable on the component 2 stored and with the second coupling half 5 can be brought into frictional contact.

Furthermore, the actuating device comprises 6 a piston-cylinder device 8th , by means of the second component 4B the first coupling half 4 with respect to the first component 4A and the second coupling half 5 is translationally displaceable. The piston-cylinder device 8th is as a double-acting hydraulic cylinder with a fixed to the second component 4B connected piston element 9 and one in the first device 4A trained cylinder element 10 formed, wherein the piston element 9 and the cylinder element 10 two piston chambers 11 . 12 limit. To the coupling device 1 from the in 1 illustrated open operating state to convert into an operating state in which the second component 2 B in frictional contact with the second coupling half 5 is, is the pressure in the piston chamber 11 in relation to the pressure of the piston chamber 12 to increase such that on the second component 4B one in the direction of the first coupling half 5 directed total force component attacks, which is the second component 4B translationally in the direction of the second coupling half 5 ver pushes until the first coupling half 4 and the second coupling half 5 in frictional contact.

From the date on which the two coupling halves 4 and 5 come together to concern occurs at a differential speed between the speeds of the two rotatable components 2 and 3 a relative movement between the first component 4A and the second component 4B on, which rotates with the first component 4A the first coupling half 4 connected cam element 13 with respect to the first component 4A is twisted. The cam element 13 acts with two piston chambers 14 . 15 limiting piston elements 16 . 17 a piston-cylinder unit 18 the converter device 7 together, the piston elements 16 and 17 with their piston chambers 14 and 15 opposite end faces 16A . 17A at a control surface 13A of rotation with the second component 4B the first coupling half 4 connected cam element 13 issue.

This will be the two piston elements 16 and 17 as a function of a relative movement between the two components 4A and 4B from the cam element 13 in one the volume of the piston spaces 14 and 15 the piston-cylinder unit 18 varying circumference in the radial direction in the first component 4A each against a spring force in the piston chamber 14 or in the piston chamber 15 arranged spring device 19 respectively. 20 to the outside or each of the spring device 19 or 20 moved inside.

The piston chambers 11 and 12 the piston-cylinder device 8th and the piston chambers 14 and 15 the piston-cylinder unit 18 are in the in 2 shown manner via a designed as a 4/3-way valve valve device 21 hydraulically coupled with each other to the transmission capability of the coupling device 1 continuously between a fully opened operating condition in which substantially no torque via the coupling device 1 is feasible, and a fully closed operating state in which a on the coupling device 1 applied torque is substantially slip-free transferable to vary.

The second coupling half 5 , which in itself is conventional, is in the in 1 illustrated operating state of the coupling device 1 from the first coupling half 4 , which is built in two parts and the in 2 illustrated hydraulic system includes, spaced and the coupling device 1 is in the open state. Is there a request to close the coupling device 1 before, the piston chamber becomes 11 over the valve device 21 with one with the first piston chamber 14 the piston-cylinder unit 18 Actively connected high-pressure accumulator 30 connected and in response to actuation of the valve means at least partially with the pressure of the high-pressure accumulator 30 acted upon while the second piston chamber 12 the piston-cylinder device 8th then with one with the second piston chamber 15 the piston-cylinder unit 18 operatively connected low-pressure accumulator 31 whose pressure is less than the pressure of the high-pressure accumulator 30 is connected.

In addition to the operation of the second component 4B in the axial direction are both about the high-pressure accumulator 30 as well as the low-pressure accumulator 31 Leakage losses of the hydraulic system and in each case a temperature compensation feasible. The different pressure levels of the high-pressure accumulator 30 and the low-pressure accumulator 31 be in the embodiments illustrated in the drawing via spring devices 30A respectively. 31A adjusted, the spring constants are provided differently high, wherein in further not shown in the drawings embodiments of the coupling device, a pressure precontrol for varying the spring force can be provided.

In the last-described operating state of the valve device 21 becomes the second component 4B in the direction of the second coupling half 5 moved until the first coupling half 4 in frictional contact with the second coupling half 5 comes. From an operating point to which the two coupling halves 4 and 5 are in frictional contact occurs at a speed difference between the first component 2 and the second component 3 a relative movement between the first component 4A and the second component 4B on that in relation to the first component 4A the first coupling half 4 also a rotation of the cam element 13 triggers. The rotation of the cam element 13 leads to a displacement of the piston element 16 against the spring force of the spring device 19 radially outward, reducing the volume of the piston chamber 14 is reduced and the pressure in the piston chamber 14 rises while the piston member 17 at the control area 13A of the cam element 13 adjacent to the spring device 20 is moved radially inward and the volume of the piston chamber 15 is enlarged.

The pressure increase in the piston chamber 14 is via the 4/3-way valve 21 in the piston chamber 11 the piston-cylinder device 8th initiated and causes an increase in the contact pressure of the second component 4B on the second coupling half 5 , The volume of oil, which during the closing operation of the coupling device 1 from the second piston chamber 12 the piston-cylinder device 8th is displaced via the 4/3-way valve 21 in the piston chamber 20 the piston-cylinder unit 18 introduced, whose volume in the manner described above due to the movement of the piston member 17 increases.

By increasing the on the piston element 9 the piston-cylinder device 8th acting normal force also increases between the two coupling halves 4 and 5 acting friction force, in turn, a greater relative movement between the two components 4A and 4B causes. This in turn leads to an increase in the pressure in the first piston chamber 11 the piston-cylinder device 8th , whereby the device in the closing direction of the coupling 1 acting and on the second component 4B applied normal force without additional expenditure of energy independently increased.

The self-energizing coupling device 1 is thus without additional Energy input from an open operating state into a closed operating state or with appropriate actuation of the valve device or the 4/3-way valve from a closed operating state in an open operating state transferred, said at the latter operating state change of high-pressure accumulator 30 with the second piston chamber 12 and the low pressure accumulator 31 with the first piston chamber 11 the piston-cylinder device 8th in the area of the valve device 21 to connect.

Basically, the transmission capability of the coupling device 1 via a corresponding actuation of the valve device 21 while the various control edges of the 4/3-way valve are released or locked in the extent required for the adjustment of the desired transmission capacity, continuously between a fully closed operating condition, to the one on the coupling device 1 applied torque is transmitted substantially slip-free, and a fully open operating state, to which via the coupling device 1 no torque is transferable, adjustable.

In addition, the piston chambers 11 and 12 the piston-cylinder device 8th and the piston chambers 14 and 15 the piston-cylinder unit 18 in the area of the valve device 21 separable from each other or the piston chambers 11 . 12 . 14 and 15 connecting lines can be blocked, whereby both a translational movement of the second component 4B as well as a relative movement between the first component 4A and the second component 4B Is blocked.

A relative movement between the two components 4A and 4B is at the in 3 , which is a cross-sectional view along in 1 shown in detail section II-II, illustrated embodiment of the coupling device 1 through in the area between the control surface 13A of the cam element 13 and the faces 16A and 17A the two piston elements 16 and 17 the piston-cylinder unit 18 during operation of the coupling device 1 acting frictional force limited when the frictional force between the piston elements 16 and 17 and the cam member 13 larger than one on the second component 4B acting torque, which from the frictional engagement between the second component 4B and the second coupling half 5 results.

At the in 4 , which is also a cross-sectional view of another embodiment of the coupling device 1 along the section line II-II shows, shown coupling device 1 is a relative movement between the first component 4A and the second component 4B through a mechanical stop 22 limited, with the mechanical stop 22 one in one in the first component 4A trained tax good 23 engaging tax area 24 includes, which rotatably with the cam member 13 connected is.

In 5 to 8th are further embodiments of the coupling device 1 shown in which the piston-cylinder unit 18 rotatably with the second component 4B the first coupling half 4 connected piston elements 25 includes, where 8th a cross-sectional view of in 5 to 7 illustrated embodiments of the coupling device 1 along the section line VIII-VIII shows. The piston elements 25A and 25B limit together with in 8th Cylinder elements shown in detail 26A and 26B piston chambers 14A . 14B and 15A . 15B the piston-cylinder unit 18 , where the piston chambers 14A and 14B as well as the piston chambers 15A and 15B are constantly connected, so with the piston-cylinder unit 18 according to 5 to 8th the same functionality as with the piston-cylinder unit 18 according to 1 . 3 and 4 is representable, although the piston chambers 14A . 14B and 15A . 15B are arranged spatially separated from each other.

The piston elements 25A and 25B are in the spatially separated cylinder elements 26A and 26B arranged so displaceable that the volumes of the piston chambers 14A to 15B as a function of a relative movement between the two components 4A and 4B vary. Here is a relative movement between the two components 4A and 4B characterized in that the piston elements 25A and 25B from a defined angle of rotation between the two components 4A and 4B on the cylinder elements 26A and 26B come to the concern and a further rotation is mechanically prevented.

The second component 4B has a frictional engagement with the second coupling half 5 operable area 27 or a friction lining, via the piston-cylinder device 8th in terms of the two components 4A and 4B is executed translationally displaceable and rotationally fixed to the second component 4B connected is. This is the piston element 9 the piston-cylinder device 8th on the friction lining 27 and pushes it with the appropriate pressure in the piston chamber 11 against the second coupling half 5 , wherein from the time of installation of the friction lining 27 on the second coupling half 5 in the presence of a speed difference between the coupling halves 4 and 5 again in the manner described above, a relative movement between the two components 4A and 4B as well as between the first component 4A and the friction lining 27 is effected.

The transmission capability of in 5 to 8th illustrated embodiments of the coupling device 1 is in the too 2 described manner and with the in 2 shown hydraulic system between a fully open operating state and a fully closed-ended operating state of the coupling device 1 each via a corresponding actuation of the valve device 21 and a resulting interconnection of the high-pressure accumulator 30 , the low-pressure accumulator 31 as well as the piston chambers 14A . 14B and 15A . 15B the piston-cylinder unit 18 and the piston chambers 11 . 12 the piston-cylinder device 8th Operating state-dependent without further power supply for generating an actuating force efficiency-optimized infinitely adjustable.

For example, is a requirement for reducing the transmission capability of the coupling device 1 or for opening the coupling device 1 before, the pressure in the piston chamber 12 the piston-cylinder device 8th by connecting the piston chamber 12 with the high-pressure accumulator 30 increased and the piston element 9 from the second coupling half 5 moved away. The friction lining 27 is then from a present running as a tension spring device 28 that stuck with the second component 4B is connected, out of engagement with the second coupling half 5 guided. That means that over the spring device 28 a system of friction lining 27 on the piston element 9 the piston-cylinder device 8th is guaranteed.

Alternatively, there is also the possibility of the piston element 9 the piston-cylinder device 8th firmly with the friction lining 27 to connect and the coupling device 1 without the spring device 28 perform.

This in 6 shown fourth embodiment of the coupling device 1 is essentially different from the one in 5 illustrated third embodiment of the coupling device 1 only in the area of the second component 4B the first coupling half 1 , The second component 4B engages over the second coupling half 5 not in the 5 shown extent in one area 29 with an undercut and is therefore structurally simpler and can be mounted with less effort. With regard to the further structural design and with respect to the function of the coupling device 1 according to 6 is at this point to the description too 5 directed.

At the in 7 illustrated fifth embodiment of the coupling device 1 , which basically has the same functionality as in 5 and 6 illustrated embodiments of the coupling device 1 underlying is the piston-cylinder device 8th in the first component 4A arranged, which also rotatably with the first component 2 is connected while the spring device 28 between the second component 4B and the friction lining so connected 27 is arranged.

1

coupling device

2, 3

component

4

first coupling half

4A

first module

4B

second module

5

second coupling half

6

actuator

7

transducer means

8th

Piston-cylinder device

9

piston element

10

cylindrical member

11 12

piston chamber

13

cam member

13A

control surface

14 15

piston chamber

16

piston element

16A

front

17

piston element

17A

front

18

Piston-cylinder unit

19 20

spring means

21

Valve device, 4/3-way valve

22

mechanical attack

23

control groove

24

control area

25A, 25B

piston element

26A, 26B

cylindrical member

27

Area

28

spring means

29

Area

30

High-pressure accumulator

30A

spring means

31

Low-pressure accumulator

31A

spring means

Claims (13)

Coupling device ( 1 ) for the frictional connection of two rotatable components ( 2 . 3 ) with a first coupling half ( 4 ) and a second coupling half ( 5 ), each with one of the components to be connected ( 2 . 3 ) are in operative connection and via a hydraulic actuator ( 6 ) are frictionally engageable with each other, characterized in that at least the first coupling half ( 4 ) for establishing and releasing the frictional connection between the two rotatable components ( 2 . 3 ) a first component ( 4A ) and a second component ( 4B ), which are designed to be rotatable relative to each other, wherein a hydraulic actuating force of the actuation Facility ( 6 ) by a frictionally engaged by the coupling halves ( 4 . 5 ) triggered relative movement between the components ( 4A . 4B ) in the region of a converter device ( 7 ), by means of a relative movement between the components ( 4A . 4B ) in a hydraulic actuation pressure of the actuator ( 6 ) is transformable, can be generated. Coupling device according to claim 1, characterized in that the hydraulic actuating device ( 6 ) a piston-cylinder device ( 8th ), by means of which the second component ( 4B ) of the first coupling half ( 4 ) with respect to the second coupling half ( 5 ) is translationally displaceable. Coupling device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the transducer device ( 7 ) at least one piston-cylinder unit ( 18 ) with at least two piston chambers ( 14 . 15 ; 14A . 14B . 15A . 15B ), wherein the volumes of the piston chambers ( 14 . 15 ; 14A . 14B . 15A . 15B ) in dependence on a relative movement between the two components ( 4A . 4B ) of the first coupling half ( 4 ) vary. Coupling device according to claim 3, characterized in that the piston chambers ( 14 . 15 ; 14A . 14B . 15A . 15B ) of the further piston-cylinder unit ( 18 ) each with a piston chamber ( 11 . 12 ) of the piston-cylinder device ( 8th ) via a valve device ( 21 ) can be brought into operative connection. Coupling device according to claim 3, characterized in that that the valve device is designed as a 4/2-way valve. Coupling device according to claim 3, characterized in that the valve device ( 21 ) is designed as a 4/3-way valve. Coupling device according to one of claims 2 to 6, characterized in that the second component ( 4B ) fixed with a piston element ( 9 ) of the piston-cylinder device ( 8th ) connected is. Coupling device according to claim 7, characterized in that the second component via a spring device on the piston element ( 9 ) of the piston-cylinder device ( 8th ) is created. Coupling device according to one of claims 2 to 8, characterized in that the piston-cylinder device ( 8th ) is designed as a double-acting hydraulic cylinder. Coupling device according to one of claims 3 to 9, characterized in that the piston-cylinder unit ( 18 ) the piston chambers ( 14 . 15 ) limiting piston elements ( 16 . 17 ), which with their piston chambers ( 14 . 15 ) facing away from end faces ( 16A . 17A ) on a control surface ( 13A ) of a rotationally fixed with the second component ( 4B ) of the first coupling half ( 4 ) connected cam element ( 13 ) abut, wherein the two piston elements ( 16 . 17 ) in dependence on a relative movement between the two components ( 4A . 4B ) of the cam element ( 13 ) in one the volume of the piston spaces ( 14 . 15 ) varying extent are displaceable. Coupling device according to one of claims 3 to 9, characterized in that the piston-cylinder unit ( 18 ) at least one of the piston chambers ( 14A . 14B . 15A . 15B ) limiting piston element ( 25A . 25B ) and at least one cylinder element ( 26A . 26B ), wherein the piston element ( 25A . 25B ) rotatably with the second or the first component ( 4B or 4A ) and the cylinder element ( 26A . 26B ) with the first or the second component ( 4A or 4B ) of the first coupling half ( 4 ), and wherein the piston element ( 25A . 25B ) in the cylinder element ( 26A . 26B ) in dependence on a relative movement between the two components ( 4A . 4B ) in one the volume of the piston spaces ( 14A . 14B . 15A . 15B ) is arranged displaceably varying extent. Coupling device according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that a relative movement between the two components ( 4A . 4B ) of the first coupling half ( 4 ) by a positive stop ( 22 ) is limited. Coupling device according to one of claims 2 to 12, characterized in that the one frictionally engaged with the second coupling half ( 5 ) operable area ( 27 ) of the first coupling half ( 4 ) of the piston-cylinder device ( 8th ) in relation to the two components ( 4A . 4B ) is translationally displaceable and rotationally fixed with one of the two components ( 4A or 4B ) connected is.