DE102008038854A1 - System for controlling machine in vehicle e.g. aircraft, has capturing unit for capturing preprocessed information, and evaluation unit for deducing operational decision-making from captured preprocessed information for controlling machine - Google Patents

Abstract

The system has a capturing unit for capturing preprocessed information from an information system that is observed by a sense organ of a human as a neuronal impulse and/or hormonal signals and/or metabolism processes in a nervous system. An evaluation unit deduces an operational decision-making from the captured preprocessed information for controlling a machine. A display device displays the operational decision-making of the human or regulative decision-making at a spatial reference. The operational decision-making is confirmed by an evaluation of an actuation of an operating element. An independent claim is also included for a method for controlling a vehicle.

Description

The This invention relates to the control of a machine in general Meaning, in particular with respect to the control of a vehicle, in particular a motor vehicle.

Out the prior art is known that by a tap and a computer-aided processing of neural impulses of humans and animals the signals to certain stimuli and movements are to be kept apart and interpreted. Thus became one Interface to a computer made, which allows, by means of mental concentration of the human or animal on certain ideas, to send certain control commands to a computing unit. today it is already possible to focus on the subjective Feeling right, left, up, down or up the movement of the body parts, even if only in the Imagination of man takes place, and other other "elementary Think impulses "to distinguish each other. In the jargon Such an interface is called GCI (brain-computer interface). Furthermore, it is well known that almost all systems which are used to control a vehicle, electronically controlled be or can be controlled.

Known Procedures to the brain-computer interface allow access and rough interpretation of the brain waves, in particular also of simple thinking commands of the user. These can be z. By typical activity patterns occurring in certain areas of the brain be differentiated from each other. In particular, known ones are based Procedure on the observation that already the idea of a Behavior, e.g. B. a hand or foot movement certain metrologically distinguishable changes the electrical brain activity triggers.

It is also known to be the nervous system of a living thing (simplified) the property possesses the influences the environment through the sensory organs z. Eyes, dermal nerves, myocardial nerves, Taste and smell nerves, hearing organs in the nervous system be routed, compressed in a particular way and in particular by changing the synapses or synaptic connections z. In the form of "knowledge" in certain brain regions save. The processing of certain stimuli or certain Stimulus is in certain parts of the nervous system assigned. For example, certain centers in the brain are known that depending on certain stimuli certain detectable and show distinguishable activity.

• – Sensorische Felder, welche Reize bearbeiten, die von den Nerven der Sinnesorgane kommen.
• – Motorische Felder, welche der Aktivierung der Muskeln und der Regelung willkürlicher Bewegungen dienen.
• – Gedanken- und Antriebsfelder, welche im vorderen Teil des Gehirns liegen und nach heutigen Erkenntnissen als Zentren des Denkens und Erinnerns fungieren.

In the cerebral cortex so-called bark fields of the brain are known, which are assigned to different functions. In particular one differentiates between the following fields:

• - Sensory fields that process stimuli that come from the nerves of the sensory organs.
• - Motor fields, which serve the activation of the muscles and the regulation of voluntary movements.
• - Thought and drive fields, which are located in the front part of the brain and act according to present knowledge as centers of thinking and remembering.

thoughts as well as action projects of humans, z. B. in terms of desired Muscle movements are reflected in specific spatial Activity patterns in the brain reflected.

Furthermore are so-called nerve pairs known for forwarding certain preprocessed stimuli of the sense organs as well as the forwarding the commands are responsible to certain muscle groups, z. B. the so-called Nervus opticus, which neuronal impulses of the optical Stimulation directs, the so-called trochlear nerve of the upper oblique Supplied eye muscle, the so-called facial nerve, which u. a. mimic Movements and taste perception allows and so-called vestibulocochlear nerve (N. statoacusticus) of the stimuli the hearing and the balance organ directs.

The Further processing or storage of stimuli is based on certain partially well-researched criteria distributed to specific brain regions. For example, the processing of the neural impulses from the eyes, which by means of neuronal impulses through the optic nerve to the brain are directed according to their characteristics according to certain criteria distributed to approximately 30 smaller nerve centers in the brain. Eg become the human depending on the visual appeal feels (depending on color, occurring spatial frequencies, shapes etc.) distinguishable activity patterns in the brain observed.

People For the most part, they only perceive what is happening all information in the course of information processing and comparison with known information (thinking, remembering, comparing, classifying, Incorporation of existing knowledge of the present stimulus) is left over remains. In the case of consciously perceived information, also known as Basis for the formation of judgments and decisions, acts it was therefore a very heavily filtered and interpreted possibly also information supplemented by the brain itself. The remaining (consciously perceived) information becomes mainly evaluated according to such criteria that in the past millions Years were relevant to evolution.

Furthermore Different brain areas have different, partially well-researched functions related to perception and information processing. So the right brain is predominantly for the preprocessing and storage of the unrecognized perception and responsible for creative thinking. The left brain is rather for a logical thinking, situation assessment, Judgment etc. responsible. In terms of perception and decision-making dominates the left brain (in the absolute majority of people) the right brain. there The left brain only allows conscious perception of charms or their contexts, patterns, etc., the meet certain criteria.

The electronic and mechatronic systems of a vehicle always faster. Their speed exceeds the speed at which they can be operated z. T. considerably.

The interaction of humans, in particular of driver and machine (eg vehicle according to the state of the art) is considered to be the overall system in 1 shown. It shows 1 the context of four blocks, with a first block 1 represents the formation of control decisions of humans. A second block 2 stands for the transport process of neuronal impulses to the muscles of man, as well as for the implementation of the latter in muscle power. A third block 3 describes the change of muscle movement in an operating element of the vehicle, for. As gas, brake, steering wheel, control for the on-board computer, etc. in electrical signals. A block 4 stands for the execution of an operation or a physical change of the machine, or certain controlled variables, which are influenced by the machine, which was caused by the actuation of the operating element.

The first block 1 and the second block 2 , which interact with each other, describe processes within a person. The third block 3 and the fourth block 4 , which interact with each other, describe the processes within a machine. An interface between man and machine according to the prior art is located between the second block 2 and the third block 3 , Signals can be entered into the machine via this interface and output from the machine.

For this purpose, the machine z. B. give a visual, haptic and / or acoustic feedback, which is detected by the sense of muscle / sense of touch of humans. About by arrows in both directions from the first block 1 to the second block 2 to the third block 3 to the fourth block 4 The interfaces shown on the one hand are the path of an operator's decision of the brain (block 1 ) to the actuators of a machine (block 4 ) and on the other the feedback or the reaction from the machine (block 4 ) to the nervous system of the human (Block 1 ) symbolizes.

Every block of 1 contains in turn its own control loops or decision processes. As 1 shows contains the first block 1 an internal control loop that takes human decision making into account. Likewise, in the second block 2 The implementation of the neural signals can be regulated in muscle movement. Here, in the second block 2 , there is also a delay or information bottleneck because the fast neural impulses have to be translated into relatively slow physical muscle movement. The third block 3 can, for. B. in multi-stage or continuously variable controls, have its own internal control loop. Further, in the third block 3 the slow transmission of information by the mechanical muscle movement associated with a control electrical signals, which may also contain control loops in the typically mechatronically designed control element, a delay and / or another information bottleneck occurs. Also, the mechanical inertia of the human body along with the inertia of the control element delays the interaction between man and machine. Furthermore, the actuator of the machine in the fourth block 4 via its own control loop.

A Overall resulting combination or nesting of the control loops of the total system man and machine can both for one rapid adjustment of the overall system as well as for the Quality of the result, especially in regulatory decisions z. As precision of the maneuver, be a disadvantage. When transmitting the control decisions of humans to the machine results in at least one major disadvantage in the transmission time. For example, pressing can a control element, in relation to the information transfer with only one bit of information, take a very long time.

In contrast to living in direct interaction with the environment (without technical devices) for which humans and animals are actually created, the operation of modern technology, especially of vehicles, is almost exclusively about the transfer or exchange of information. D. h., It is not a power transmission, in particular no drive power transmission. The modern, functional machine only needs information from humans tion about the operator's decision to comply with this operating decision.

A Transfer of information from man to machine mechanical movement, z. B. operation of a control element, reduces the efficiency of the overall system of man and machine z. T. very significant. In addition, an unconscious, z. B. knee-jerk movement of people in the operation of the vehicle not always the will of the driver, d. H. the operating decision the driver comes to the vehicle, z. B. depending on the prevailing boundary conditions, not always undistorted. Reflexive executed operations or the corresponding mechanical movements are usually exaggerated, z. B. rips the driver on the steering wheel of a motor vehicle in a dangerous situation typically exaggerated. The distinction between a conscious decision of the driver, z. B. about an evasive action in a critical situation, and Movements that interfere with the operation through its unconscious reflexes, z. B. an exaggerated steering wheel movement or instinctive "protective" movements or muscle tension in a dangerous situation, it is after the prior art is not sufficiently possible.

There it is a brain or nerve center of a living thing um one - in the sense of information technology - not deterministic and non real-time capable system is the time to make a decision in many cases not determinable in advance and the probability of error hardly assessable or controllable. When controlling a Machine, especially a vehicle are these properties often very disadvantageous.

Furthermore become very many stimuli through information compression in the nervous system and a number of masking effects are not evaluated or not consciously perceived. This is for immediate interaction of man with nature z. B. as protection of the brain against over-stimulation or overload. One for interacting with a machine, in particular vehicle-usable information, their exploitation by nature was not provided, is thus z. T. not usable.

One Another problem on the human at the operation extremely faster technical processes abuts, is also in the responsiveness to a long signal transmission attributed to the nerve impulses or long propagation time of the hormones is due to a relatively long muscle activation time. It also arises in the interaction of humans and Machine a nesting of several control loops z. Very much different types of the total reaction time or Einregelzeit of the total system man and machine additionally delayed.

Becomes the driver and the vehicle considered as an overall system, so claimed the reaction time of humans, including transportation the commands to the muscles, implementation of the muscle movement, etc. the control of a vehicle a long time. Especially in the Trap of critical traffic situations, if every tenth of a second can be decisive for the outcome of the situation is the Time between a driver's mental decision to control of the vehicle and its response to muscle movements - the in turn, in the controls of the vehicle in electrical signals is converted before the corresponding actuators of the vehicle is pressed - too long.

At the familiar access to the thinking commands becomes the potential of the sense organs and the nervous system of the living being, especially of the human in relation to the control of a machine, in particular a vehicle, not exhausted.

Especially To note, this is a capture of the conscious decision under Circumstances takes too long a time. This may be before Everything is crucial in controlling restraint systems be.

Consequently It is the object of the present invention to provide a control system for to create a machine and an associated method with respect to the prior art the interaction of man and machine is advantageous.

If in the following also often a vehicle or motor vehicle as an example is cited, the invention nevertheless relates on the control of a machine even if in the case of a vehicle additional special advantages of the invention result.

It It should be noted below that the term vehicle any Includes air, land, water and space vehicles. Accordingly the term driver also refers to operator of the vehicle, in particular to the driver, pilot, captain, helmsman or a passenger of the vehicle. Furthermore The driver may also be a human, who controls the vehicle by means of a remote control served.

The term information system of humans is to be understood in particular neuronal impulses and / or hormonal signals as well as metabolic processes in the nervous system of humans. The information gathered from the human information system is just the corresponding impulses, signals, metabolic patterns, field patterns. These can be processed in particular in electronic form, also simplified and incomplete, in particular also in digital form.

to Clarification of the term "neuronal impulses" in the The following is to be mentioned in the context of this application: It is It is generally known that the information corresponds to the stimuli in the body of living beings, among other things electrically transmitted. The neural impulses are also without an intervention in the body readable, but they are currently still difficult to interpret.

On the path to the brain and / or larger nerve centers but also finds a translation of electrical impulses in chemical signals instead. These signals are in particular by means of for this purpose provided by nature messengers. In In biology, these are also called neurotransmitters or transmitters designated. On the neural signals or on the contained therein Information can also be obtained by detecting fast chemical processes be accessed in the information system of humans. In particular Such access provides an advantage in the case Evaluation or interpretation of stimulus perception. Also the detected Concentration of certain neurotransmitters that have the property can inhibit the activity of the nerve cells, at the Collection and / or evaluation of the pulses to be considered.

Under The neural impulses are also pulse trains or sequences, in particular a spatial pattern of impulses in one Nerve, nerve center or brain, to understand. It is also the statistical value of several neural impulses, e.g. In one Nerve, especially in a nerve of a particular sensory organ or the nerve pairs that carry the information to the brain / brain included.

to Clarification of the term "hormonal signals" in the The following is to be mentioned in the context of this application: It is It is well known that hormones play a crucial role in play a role in the regulation of biological processes. There are z. B. one Proven relationship between human emotions and the current hormone level. So can with the Detecting the hormone level for the control of a vehicle valuable information is gained. The hormonal signals can also be detected by procedures that are not immediate Contact with the human body. Some hormones leave the skin in the form of one (due to the concentration of certain molecules in the air) automatically detectable Odor. Alternatively, a current hormone level can also be applied to his immediate physical effects are detected. It's both hormonal signals meant by the body externally, as well as the signals emitted in nature serve to control and regulate body-internal processes. The release of certain hormones may also be due to the preceding neural activity, or their pattern in the corresponding Nerve centers are detected and / or predicted.

In special cases, however, is the sensation of the hormone concentration, z. B. in the blood, under the term "hormonal signals" too understand. This can also be sensed without an intervention in the body or measured.

to Clarification of the term "metabolic processes in the nervous system "in the context of this application is the following To mention: It is known that the activity and / or Activity pattern in the nervous system z. B. in the brain itself the metabolic processes, eg. B. in local oxygen consumption reflected in the nerve centers or brain regions. Especially It is known that this is an unconscious preparation of a Operation z. As a decision in the brain, which is the People only become aware at a later date. According to the latest research results, such a concrete one can even be Decision or impulse of man to be recognized, which man but only after several seconds becomes aware.

The following describes basic ideas of the invention with reference to the control of a vehicle:
In the context of this application, two special categories are emphasized in the context of this application: the "control decisions" and the "control decisions" of the human being. These two terms, control decision and regulatory decisions, are considered separately.

Under "control decision" of humans here is the idea of the desired change in the state of a vehicle understood, such. For example, "control decisions" are human desires with respect to the behavior of the machine which include a desired temporal and / or spatial course, in particular a specific desired course of a variable to be controlled or the controlled variable. In particular, a control decision may also include a permanent compensation of the environmental factors and / or disturbances. For example, holding a certain trajectory (spatial course), z. B. driving a particular lane despite curves and side wind, or such control of the vehicle headlight system that it generates a particular spatially shaped illumination pattern in the environment of the vehicle, is to be understood as a regulatory decision within the meaning of the invention. A regulatory decision, eg. As the maintenance of a particular track, is made up of many conscious and unconscious regulatory processes together, even if it represents a single operating decision in the perception of a human.

Consequently The task is solved by a system for control a machine comprising a detection unit that is formed is, a preprocessed information through a sense organ at least one person has been perceived, in particular as neuronal impulses and / or hormonal signals and / or metabolic processes in the Nervous system, to capture, an evaluation unit that trained is at least one of the captured preprocessed information Derive operating decision to control the machine.

Out the information thus determined, whether the reaction to the Stimuli, in the neural impulses and / or hormonal signals and / or metabolic processes in the nervous system and from this, how this reaction changes, delays etc. and / or how they compare with the instinctive knowledge or the knowledge of experience, an assignment of the Operating decisions, in particular of control and regulation decisions of the human, to certain parts of space and / or objects and / or Controls are produced. Thus it can be tested be whether a room part and / or object and / or control of People are perceived and / or a referencing of a subjective Spatial perception of a person with the real environment and / or Objects and / or operating elements, in particular those that at the operation of a vehicle play a role, related become.

Of the Term "preprocessed information" on the information coming from sensory organs, which is not subjected to the final processing by the brain were. This includes raw, so not processed Information in particular due to certain stimuli in the Sensory organs are formed and possibly in the human body to get redirected.

From of particular importance are the preprocessed information, which at the most to a low degree in the information system were processed.

Especially the preprocessed information can be sent to the one of the Sensory organs are detected outgoing nerves. Preferred is a Collection of preprocessed information relatively close to the location of it Formation.

These Information can z. B. at the nerve pairs, z. B. Nervus opticus, or elsewhere on the human body, especially in the vicinity of other sensory organs (eg dermal nerves) become.

According to the invention by the artificial processing of the thus detected preprocessed stimuli a data bypass to the information system of the People are created. Thus, the inventive System a not yet interpreted by man and / or at most to a certain degree through the information system process the human-filtered data stream in terms of information technology. Thus, an advantage in the speed or real-time capability in terms of signal processing in the information system, in particular in the nervous system of man.

According to the invention such a parallel data processing string and / or a merger from recorded already processed, eg. B. interpreted by humans Stimuli and the preprocessed stimuli, to plausibility of the finally to the machine forwarded control command and / or in preparation for the execution of an operation serve through the machine. Wherein the fusion of stimuli machine is further processed.

Of Also opens up the possibility that detected by the sense organs, of certain objects, parts of space etc. outgoing stimuli that z. B. due to another employment the right brain were overlooked or overruled or mentally displaced by other stimuli were, by the inventive system yet still be registered and especially in the control of the machine be taken into account.

Further can by tapping pre-processed signals z. Eg the determination the hand position (or hand tension) of a driver, by analysis Musculoskeletal nerve impulses, or information about them, whether it is the driver z. B. - subjective - too cold or too warm to be realized. The latter can be done even by analysis the condition of the skin pores and / or the adjacent nerves.

Thus, a data bypass (according to terminology of information technology) can be set up to be faster and not yet through the menu interpreted data stream in information technology. The resulting gain in speed is due to an information transfer that can take place faster than the biological data transmission and possibly with the elimination of the time for the judgment that may take a different time not previously known. Another advantage is the ability to distinguish between the perception-psychically influenced and uninfluenced perceptions and / or emotions of the person when operating the machine.

in the simplified trap can z. B. the environment of a vehicle or certain objects with a short locally acting flash of light and / or a certain light pattern z. B. illuminates a flashing icon become. A consequent response to the neuronal Impulses and / or hormonal signals and / or metabolic processes in the nervous system or the change of the reaction to the Environment is detected, by means of evaluation unit as such be recognized. This allows the conclusion on whether z. B. a particular object has been seen.

A Non-recognition of the reaction to the action by means of the evaluation unit also represents an important insight, z. B. that the Room part / the object / the control element at the given time not has been perceived. Advantageously, this knowledge in the control of a machine and / or an automatic interpretation of a person's behavior.

Farther It is advantageous that the detection unit is formed, a processed information from an information system at least of a human, in particular as neuronal impulses and / or hormonal Signals and / or metabolic processes in the nervous system, to capture, and the evaluation unit is formed from the at least one interpreted Derive operator decision to control the machine.

consequently it is also advantageous that the detection unit is formed is the processed and / or preprocessed information from to capture at least two sensory organs, wherein the evaluation unit is formed, the recorded processed and / or preprocessed To merge information from at least two sensory organs at least one operating decision for the machine too interpret and / or at least one given by humans To make the operating command plausible.

In Advantageous embodiment, the system further comprises a display device, which is designed to at least one interpreted operator decision of humans, in particular a regulatory decision with one spatial reference, represent. The presentation device can z. As a signal lamp, individual screen areas or a Head-up display of a vehicle.

Farther it is preferred that at least one interpreted operating decision about an evaluation of an actuation of an operating element can be confirmed is and / or at least one interpreted operating decision means an identified reaction is confirmable.

Consequently results in the advantage that a per se very difficult to convey by the GCI Operator decision fast and especially safe against misinterpretation can be transmitted by the system to the machine. The person receives by the display device one interactive feedback about the interpretation his commands and can be a complex process, if necessary, also interactive Step by step.

This provides the advantage especially when operating a vehicle in that the presentation device for the driver direct relation to the operations to be operated, eg. B. road markings in the exterior of the vehicle or z. B. controls in the interior of a vehicle, can produce.

Farther it is preferred that the control itself also based the information gathered from the information system of the human being is pressed. This can be a complex operating decision interpreted, displayed and confirmed, with the Confirmation is relatively easy and / or safe to interpret Command is. In particular, it has the advantage that even a complex control and control command z. B. a desired trajectory of a Vehicle with a simple and always distinguishable command can be confirmed. For example, this confirmation must the evaluation unit only distinguishes the commands "yes" and "no" can.

Farther it is preferred that the display device is designed to the interpreted operator decision visually and / or acoustically and / or haptic represent, and / or the representation on objects and / or certain parts of space in a perceptual environment of humans, preferably in the exterior of a vehicle. This is operator decision advantageously interpreted automatically.

This is especially in the operation ei A vehicle is an advantage, since the representation for the driver a direct relation to the operations to be operated, for. B. certain parts of the vehicle or z. B. controls in the interior, a vehicle manufactures. It is particularly advantageous that the display device is configured in such a way that it represents the interpreted operating decision of the human being in a direct connection, in particular in a spatial connection with the environment of the person. The presentation device can in particular be based on a visual representation and z. B. the operator decisions z. B. visualize graphically, in particular symbolically. But it can also the information in the form of audio signals, z. B. sounds or haptic, z. B. as a change in the haptic perceptible properties of objects or surfaces represent. The display device is characterized in particular by the fact that the representations can be consciously perceived by humans.

Farther It is advantageous that the operating element as a virtual operating element comprises, wherein the evaluation unit is formed, by means of detected neuronal impulses and / or hormonal signals Operator decision the virtual control, in particular its by the sensory organs of the human perceptible state, to vary. In particular, the control element by means of the display device being represented. The control can be used as a symbol, eg. B. as a projected symbol, be designed and / or focused on the Obtain objects and / or room parts. The operation of the Control may change the state of the icon, e.g. B. shape, color, Textures etc. cause or change.

Further It is advantageous that the control element biomotor by the People is being pressed. Being dependent on this Operation an interpreted operating decision, in particular a regulatory decision is performed by the machine. Thus, the risk a misinterpretation of safety-critical operating decisions, in particular those directly related to the execution a maneuver of a vehicle is lowered. This control can be taken alone or only in combination with another control element through the information system of man is used.

Z. B. can be a complex operation such. B. the control of Maneuver of a vehicle, according to the invention as a combination of available auto-executable ones Action sections, z. B. maneuver sections shown and be executed, each part of the operation by a control decision interpreted according to the invention of the human being selected and / or changed and / or is confirmed. The combined operator decision becomes represented by the display device, in particular such that an immediate reference of the operating decision to the real world is illustrated. Before executing the entire operator decision, z. B. before the automatic execution of the maneuver by the machine, the operator's decision is made if necessary after changes by the operation of a conventional Button, switch, joysticks, etc. executed.

In Advantageous embodiment, the system further comprises a perception environment influencing device, which is designed to have an effect on a relevant part of a Perception environment of the person to take, whereby by the impact on the perceptual environment a stimulus in a sensory organ of man triggered or changed, the evaluation unit is formed, a reaction of the information system of the people to identify the impact based on the information collected and / or a perception of the relevant part of the perceptual environment close. The perceptual environment counts especially the parts of the human environment (objects, parts of rooms, etc.), which he can perceive. For example, these include the by the People visible areas of his environment.

Farther it is preferred that the action of the perception environment influencing device triggers a special sentence and / or a sequence of stimuli, which are perceived by an exteroceptive perception of the human become. In particular, these stimuli can be the auditory, visual and / or haptic-somatic, in particular the vestibular, Influence the human system.

In In another advantageous embodiment, the system comprises a referencing unit, which is formed, by means of the identified reaction, the operating decision to interpret the human and / or a relationship between the human Making operator decision of the person and the environment. Consequently can be checked whether a room part or a control element is perceived by humans and a referencing of subjective perception of space a human with the real environment is possible.

It is further preferred that the WFBV comprises an optical element, in particular a windshield, glasses or contact lenses of humans. Wherein the optical element its transmission properties and / or its optical properties, in particular for a bestimm tes time interval and / or in relation to a certain selected according to predetermined criteria solid angle can change. This can change the perception of the environment for humans.

Especially The important thing is the generation of a certain temporal and / or spatial gradients of at least one optical size. The change of transmission properties can by means of a known technology that underlies a computer 3D glasses lies, be designed. It can be a part of the area the windshield z. For a short time interval to be darkened. The change of the optical properties can the beam path z. B. influence the local focus or a displacement of the image of certain parts of space, in particular for cause the duration of a certain time interval. The time interval can also be chosen so short that this human little disturbing or not consciously perceived, z. B. a darkening that lasts less than 14 ms.

Farther it is preferred that the WFBV be used as a lighting system, in particular a vehicle lighting system and / or projection system, designed is. In particular, the at least one part of the space radiated Light, especially its parameters, can be changed. In particular, the vehicle lighting system can different parts of the room with light with different, distinguishable by the human visual system Illuminate parameters. In particular, with such parameters, the assigned to different brain areas in the nervous system of humans become. The parameters can z. B. light intensity, Wavelength (color), duration of the pulses, etc. A projection device may be laser based, in particular based on the interference of coherent light sources to a specific Projection, in particular a projection into a specific room part, in to carry out the perceptual environment of humans. It can be also a holographic, in particular a "floating" projection act.

Especially such an embodiment of the WFBV is preferred as the exposure system and / or as a projection system, with the stimulus being temporal and / or spatial gradient of a particular anyway needed or existing action, in particular an optical size, is designed. Thus, the WFBV z. B. as a lighting system be designed in which the stimulus by a short-term switching off or a change of light, especially of light, which illuminates a particular room part and / or object and in particular is reflected from this is generated. This is particularly advantageous because the WFBV z. B. by a modified control of a anyway needed vehicle lighting system can be realized can. Thus, the vehicle lighting system z. B. a short flash of light, a local flash of light, a short-term change the light amplitude, in particular a reduction or short-term Turn off the light, in particular the light, the specific solid angle or a room part and / or an object illuminated, designed be. In particular, such an embodiment of the WFBV is provided for, in which the stimuli are indirectly mediated in at least one sensory organ of the human being, by the influence of the WFBV on the room parts / objects / operating elements, that are in the perceptual environment of the human being become. Ie. the stimulus registered by the sense organs becomes by the action of the objects / room parts / operating elements generated, which are acted upon or stimulated by the WFBV. Z. B. when the WFBV creates an optical effect, the attraction becomes of the visual system of man by the z. B. from a room part or object generates reflected light. The effect of the WFBV can be advantageously controlled so that of the different parts of space / objects a sufficient or optimal for the perception by humans Strength of action is achieved. If it's from the WFBV or stimulus generated by the action of WFBV, is in particular that due to the influence of the WFBV on the objects, Parts of the room, etc. meant next stimulus.

Farther it is preferred that the perception environment influencing device is formed is to focus on various relevant parts of the perceptual environment, in particular to certain solid angles and / or objects and / or Parts of an object, with different actions and / or too to influence different times.

Consequently Different room areas or solid angles, z. B. Interior and exterior of the vehicle, z. B. with different Effects that trigger light stimuli (different lightning sequences, Textures, momentarily projected points of light or symbols) become. These are preferably stimuli which are dependent on the reflected action, z. B. returned from the exterior of the vehicle Light, be generated. Depending on which of these stimuli is in the neural impulses and / or hormonal signals and in which Detect areas of the nervous system and how the ratio corresponding pattern to each other or to the other existing Stimulation is, it can affect the perception and / or attention of humans, in particular with respect to the corresponding parts of the room, getting closed.

In the same way several can Solid angle, z. B. the exterior of a vehicle, are acted upon by actions that trigger different stimuli. From the reaction of humans, the relevant information for the control of the machine, in particular the vehicle, relevant information about the course of his perception.

alternative or additionally, the WFBV may apply to different parts of the Space and / or objects and / or parts of an object act and the same or different stimuli but at different times trigger. This can be z. B. as a series of short flashes of light which illuminate the relevant parts of the vehicle environment one after the other, be designed.

The The evaluation unit can be synchronized with the WFBV. Thus, can the identified reaction to the effects of WFBV on different parts of the room and / or objects also by the temporal relation with their Be assigned to certain parts of space or objects.

The inventive system and this underlying Method may, for. Instead of or in addition to one Tracking method that captures only one possible perception, be applied. For example, it may be in addition to an eye-tracking method be used.

In order to opens the possibility to determine which from the potentially perceptible objects z. B. not seen or were perceived because the driver's eyes are not in your direction were directed, or z. B. the lighting has not been sufficient or the person was distracted by another stimulus and / or which objects were seen or were perceived. It can be determined which objects have been overlooked, although the course of the eye movements allows the perception would have. This case, the z. B. at an inappropriate momentary Accomodation or unfavorable eye adaptation or Glare of the eyes is common Methods of eye tracking extremely difficult or not detectable at all.

Farther it is preferred that the WFBV is designed such that it at least two solid angles and / or objects and / or controls and / or displays with different action and / or the Influence at different times.

Consequently can respond to the respective stimulus associated reactions the evaluation unit will be recognized and consequently a reference between the human perception of certain parts of space and / or Objects and / or advertisements, in particular the distribution of perception between them. For example, the WFBV may have several Solid angle, z. B. quadrants the environment, z. B. the outside space of the vehicle, with different stimuli. For example by the evaluation unit in the by the detection unit captured the most recognized response to it, that man in a certain part of the room, z. B. the interior or external space of the vehicle, perceives certain objects, etc. consciously and / or particularly concentrated.

Farther it is preferred that the action of the WFBV be so designed is that the stimuli generated thereby modulated or with a recognition pattern be provided. The modulation can z. B. an amplitude modulation, Frequency modulation, coding with a pattern or sequence include.

at This can be a modulation with a color and / or visual stimuli Spatial frequency or with a pattern of colors and / or spatial frequencies. This is particularly beneficial as the human visual system or the corresponding parts of his nervous system the stimuli the include certain colors or spatial frequencies, bundled transmits and processed. In psycho-optics one speaks of "channels" of the visual system. Thus, the corresponding, z. B. modulated with certain local frequencies, stimuli z. B. based corresponding neural impulses or brain activity patterns easily distinguished from each other.

The Modulation with certain spatial frequencies is also advantageous because since this invention also for verification the accommodation in particular focusing of the eyes of the person serve on a specific object, room part or operating element can. A certain spatial frequency can namely only with the perceived for this sufficient accommodation of the eyes become.

Preferably, a visual stimulus as a local flash of light or a flash sequence, a short-term change in the light amplitude or color, in particular a reduction in the amplitude or a brief turn off the light, in particular the light which a certain solid angle, space part and / or object illuminated or off the appropriate direction in the eyes of man comes, be designed. In particular, this can be realized by means of a brief, possibly local lightening or darkening of a windshield, glasses or contact lens. The darkening can be designed as a kind of negative lightning be. The flash or the flashes the z. B.

Illuminate different parts of space or objects, may also differ in relation to the relationship of different visible to the people spatial frequencies and / or colors. The visual stimuli may in particular also be a "hanging in space" projection, z. For example, those in DE 10 2006 050 547 have also been disclosed in detail by the applicant. In addition to the effect of a projection disclosed in this specification, at least a portion of the projection may be subjected to modulation as described above, e.g. B. a temporal or spatial change are provided such that at least one modulated stimulus emanates from a part of the projection. Preferably, several parts of the projection z. B. different meaning within the meaning of this document have been modulated with different actions. Thus, based on the identification of the corresponding response to the perception of the parts of the projection and / or due to the detected concentration on certain parts of the projection, the z. B. have different meaning for the control of the vehicle.

at Auditory stimuli, the modulation can also by means of a phase modulation done. It can be a subjective subject perceived position of the sound source (as in the known surround sound systems) be assigned. This can also be used as a reference for a serve specific room part.

at haptic stimuli can be in addition to different if necessary modulated vibrations also different touch patterns or temperature patterns be applied. This can be z. B. as a surface with possibly different perceived haptic nature or designed with a locally different haptic texture be. They are artificial and natural surfaces known that their property under the influence of various factors possibly also be able to change locally. these can z. B. in contact with the human skin, if necessary depending of which part of the surface is touched, different, based on the changes in the information system of man, z. B. based on neural impulses or hormonal signals, cause distinguishable stimuli. These can also be called a kind of Braille, also based on special ones developed symbols that are particularly easy based on the information collected can be recognized or distinguished from each other, designed be.

The inventive system allows the solution the object of the invention without a "decryption of thoughts ". In certain cases it is for the effectiveness of the system is sufficient when responding to one, z. B. modulated in a certain way, stimulus from the particular Room part, z. B. from the exterior of a vehicle in the information system of man is found again. This is already possible easily realized with available technical means.

This Already sufficient to recognize according to the invention that man, for. B. with the light pattern from certain spatial frequencies acted upon z. B. flashing object, has perceived. there Can it be a concrete, z. B. for interacting with the Machine or with the environment z. B. outside one Vehicle or within the passenger compartment befindliches, object be.

There the perception of different spatial frequencies also from optical Reasons depending on the accommodation of the eyes is, according to the invention, the detection of the Accomodation of the eyes, z. B. the eyes of a driver on a relevant Object, done.

at insufficient accommodation of the eyes on the object, the high spatial frequencies can not be perceived. The degree of accommodation may change due to the change Relationship between the reactions of humans to the low and high spatial frequencies are detected with which one Object and / or a room part by the WFBV be charged.

The Accomodation of the eyes z. B. offers close or distant objects especially with regard to the automatic interpretation of driver behavior in a vehicle and / or control of driver assistance systems and / or automatic activation of collision avoidance and security systems provide valuable information with the conventional Methods of eye-tracking is not adequately captured.

Especially it is preferred that the WFBV on the windshield and / or to a far farther from the human eye Room part with a light texture acts and the evaluation unit is designed in such a way, from the information system of man ascertained information to determine whether the driver's eyes in the distance, z. On the road or on its immediate surroundings, z. B. the vehicle interior are accommodated.

It is particularly preferred that the WFBV at least a portion of the visual information shown in the head-up display, in particular with a z. B. superimposed, subtracted or modulated light texture acts. Thus, the accommodation of the human's eyes on the image of the head-up display of the accommodation the eyes to distant objects and / or objects in the interior of the vehicle can be distinguished. The representation in a head-up display typically requires an accommodation of the eyes to a medium width, (about 2-3 meters) for their perception. Such an accommodation can be based on the recognition of the perception of the textures of an accommodation of the eyes on nearby objects, such. B. controls in the cockpit and the accommodation to "infinity" are distinguished.

Farther It is preferable that the identification of the reaction to different effects generated by the WFBV on a course a person's attention and / or intention. The identification of the reaction may, for. B. by means of the evaluation unit.

The Intention of the human being can be immediate, based on concentration the perception of certain objects / parts of space / display as well indirectly from the temporal or spatial course of the Attention be recognized. Especially in terms of operation a vehicle can thus automatically evaluated course the attention or the intention of the human interaction decisively improve between human and vehicle. So z. B. the intention of a driver z. B. to change the track, the To bring the vehicle to a specific position, etc. on the course be recognized by his attention and he in his project through the machine get supported. Also, the driver's desire a system of the vehicle, z. As the consumer electronics, at the same time to operate with driving can thus be recognized and then z. B. an additional driving support can be activated.

Of Further, on the basis of the course of the perception or the related course of attention conclusions about the project or behavior of the people is closed in the near future become.

Farther it is preferred that the WFBV on a display instrument and / or Operating element and / or signal generator of a machine influences.

Consequently can the operation of the machine by a conscious mental Select a specific ad and / or a specific one Operating element, which also virtual z. B. configured as a projection can be, and / or a signal generator by the concentration modulated in the appropriate way, in particular in a certain way, Be designed stimulus.

One Control element can also be designed as a continuously variable regulator be at the at least one parameter to be controlled by the concentration this and / or by concentrating on the corresponding one selected by the WFBV stimulus is selected. For example, can the WFBV man a stimulus with several possibly infinitely merging into each other Offer parameters. Man can choose the one that suits him Parameters either by focusing on the selected stimulus as such and / or by the spatial position of the for Select him matching stimuli, which is directly from the machine or after an additional confirmation by taken over by humans as an attitude or as an operating decision shall be. For example, selecting a volume for the audio system by multiple audio signals with different Volume. These audio signals can by means of a known spatial sound effect for the People are seen as coming from different spatial points. By focusing the human on the audio signal with the appropriate volume and / or on the room part, from the this sounds each, the operating decision can be identified become. In this case, the WFBV can be considered part of the audio system be designed of the vehicle.

The According to the invention, information about which areas of the perceptual environment are currently human, in particular A driver, being perceived, is responsible for the steering a machine of great importance. The control of Machine can be realized much more advantageous if it It is known whether certain displays of the machine, eg. B. signal lamps, individual Screen areas, head-up display of a vehicle, by humans actually be perceived. This is also true advantageous that the ads characterized, z. B. with respect the signal strength, can be designed more subtle.

If According to the invention it is determined that a display Man has overlooked the ad or message is repeated. Ensuring that man is one Certain ad has certainly perceived by not the z. T. unpleasant intensity of the stimulus ensured become. Are z. As a screen or certain areas of the Screen, z. B. individual display parts z. B. control surfaces or a frame around the screen or other display, with different stimuli, z. B. variable parameters with a certain frequency in conjunction with a color, applied, can z. B. detected by means of the evaluation of the neural impulses be whether the human has perceived the content displayed.

It is particularly preferred that the virtual Operating element and / or the display device and / or WFBV are designed as a unit, preferably as a projection device. Thus, a unity can produce both conscious and unconscious, receptive to the perceptual environment, receivable by the sensory organs of man. This can be used both as a means for detecting the perception of humans, z. B. by a light projection which is provided with short modulation pulses, as well as an interpreted human operating decision, eg. B. by the displacement of at least a portion of the projection, represent and at the same time represent a virtual control element for confirmation of the operating decision, which z. B. by changing the shape, color and / or texture of the projection is illustrated. The device may be provided on the vehicle.

Farther it is preferred that the perceptual environment influencing device for transmitting data to an infrastructure device is formed outside of a machine, the infrastructure device Impact on the relevant part of the perceptual environment. In particular, the perceptual environment influencing device transmit the data regarding the stimulus to be triggered to the infrastructure device. Thus, the impact of an infrastructure device go out of the machine. In particular, the WFBV be designed as part of an infrastructure device, which is synchronized with the detection unit and / or evaluation unit is.

The WFBV can z. On a display like a traffic light, Semaphore or traffic sign interacting with one trigger a certain stimulus, the WFBV and in particular be designed as part of these infrastructure devices.

Consequently A WFBV can also be used for several people at the same time These are in particular also by different vehicles controlled, or can be synchronized with them. The synchronization or the control by the detection unit and / or evaluation unit or by the vehicle according to the invention or Procedure brings the added advantage that the evaluation unit the reaction of the human information system to the action, z. B. due to the a priori known time slot in which the reaction of the Human information system is expected to better allocate can.

Farther it is preferred that the attention of the person is dependent from the acquired perception and / or the acquired course of perception and / or the distribution of perceptions is automatically influenced. For example, if certain room parts, objects, controls not sufficient or not perceived at the right time human attention through WFBV and / or another Signaling device and / or by means of the gain the signal effect of an existing display on the relevant Room part, the object in question or the relevant control element steered become. This offers the advantage that a z. B. one-sided perception of the person he may not be aware of is automatically compensated, in particular by his attention for certain room parts, eg. B. by means of specially for it generated stimuli, z. As light, sound to a specific part of the room etc., is steered. This also applies to a z. B. reinforced Concentration of the human on the perceptions of a sensory organ, such as B. on the perceptions of the auditive system, the Man by doing so tends the perceptions of another kind especially those from a relevant space area, to neglect.

Especially Preference can be human attention adaptively, depending on the current value determined according to the invention for the perception and / or depending on like the perception of the person influencing the attention follows, be designed. If an object, eg. B. a pedestrian on the roadway not perceived by the driver of the vehicle can the attention of the driver, z. B. from the area on the this concentrated, by means of a stimulus, in particular a conscious perceived, in particular one temporally or spatially variable stimuli gradually or continuously be directed to the part of the room in which the object, z. B. the pedestrian located. The inventive adaptive influence provides, in particular, that the follow - up behavior of the attention of the People doing this by means of the system according to the invention is recorded at least two times and the influence the attention depending on the result of this Capture is designed. In particular, this determines whether and how fast man can influence his attention follows. Influencing attention may be in pendency from the detection of perception z. B. by more or less strong Stimuli and / or more or less fast.

Particularly preferably, the system according to the invention provides a controller whose manipulated variable corresponds to the part of the room in which the attention of the human is needed. This can be z. B. be a spatial area in which there is a previously overlooked relevant object / control or display. Thus, the attention of humans, z. In a critical traffic situation tion to be directed extremely quickly to the area in which it is to be located. Thus, the attention of man z. B. to avoid dangerous situations, eg. B. depending on the automatic detection of dangerous situations by means of the vehicle to the appropriate Steile, z. B. on an alternative way to be steered.

The Control of attention can also be designed such that a z. B. man overlooked signal, z. B. audio signal, certain displayed content of a screen, etc., based on the According to the invention determined fact that this not sufficiently perceived are repeated by the machine, especially in an amended and / or reinforced Form repeated, will.

To latest research results is a decision in the brain of a person in certain cases much earlier firmly, as he is aware of. This has already been done by Brain Computer Interfaces (GCI) detected. A conscious decision which consists of one of two equivalent controls (left and right) was typically approx. 0.5 sec before the time to determine to which man was aware of his decision and consequently one of the controls has pressed. Brain research does not close from that in the human brain doing the situation in the near future modeled or extrapolated, d. H. this is not the behavior only the brain's own decisions, but that the model the course of the situation, z. B. a prediction of the Movement of perceived objects for the next few seconds, includes. When operating a machine, in particular a vehicle, z. As an aircraft or motor vehicle, is the time of half a second is very long. According to the invention also not yet conscious operator decisions in the control the machine are taken into account.

Farther it is preferable that an as yet unaware impulse, In particular, an operator decision to execute a Operation and / or in preparation for an operation, is considered by the machine. The preparation can be configured such that the machine has a corresponding Control decision depending on from further z. B. performs automatically verified conditions, z. B., the condition may be configured such that the execution the command does not automatically detect security risks conflict. The preparation for an operation can also be configured such that the arithmetic unit and / or the actuator the vehicle automatically makes arrangements for the execution of the expected command.

Especially For example, the machine may have the consequences of an operating procedure that is detected according to the invention operation decision that has not yet become apparent follows in advance. This can be z. B. by means of a simulation of the process, for. Bean the actuation of the actuator of the machine to be configured. Thus, a head start on safety and comfort can be created even without doing the machine completely by means of neural Control impulses or hormonal signals.

Farther it is preferable that already conscious and unaware distinguished perceptions and / or operating decisions become. The distinction can z. B. by means of the evaluation of Information system of humans and / or on the basis of further criteria, z. B. also by means of since the detection of not yet aware decision of elapsed time or another impulse of the human being, be designed. This results in the advantage that the not yet conscious perception as an indication of the coming change of the course of attention and / or the decisions of humans can be evaluated and at the operation or control of the machine are taken into account can.

There also the statistical time interval until penetration of the perception in the consciousness or until the formation of an operating decision man is known, this can be a relatively reliable Predicting the future course of the conscious Determine perception or operating decisions.

Consequently can make the decisions that have not yet become aware in particular for controlling safety-critical processes and / or only for the preparation of the machine used a possible subsequent safety-critical process become.

For example, on the basis of a, as yet unaware of an operator's decision of man recognized, emotion, the z. B. the execution of a specific maneuver of the vehicle provides automatic measures to prepare for the execution of the operating decision and / or a review of the feasibility of the operating decision to be performed. These measures may consist in that the consequences of the execution of an unrecognized human operator decision z. B. simulated by means of a computing unit of the vehicle in advance and / or potential dangers or the availability of the technical devices to be activated and / or on a next expected consequence commands are checked.

in the Case of an operating decision recognized according to the invention, in particular, a not yet aware operating decision of the person who can cause potential dangers the man z. B. be warned automatically even before the maneuver irreversibly initiated. The machine or the one connected to it Systems can also be an alternative in this case Determine operating suggestion and z. B. the human as an operating proposal to offer. The determination of an alternative operating proposal can, for. B. by automatic assistance systems, eg. B. driver assistance systems, z. B. systems that evaluate a driving situation automatically done. The operating proposal can, for. B. as a visible marker for a proposed trajectory of the vehicle, in particular a Avoidance trajectory z. B. at an obstacle, is displayed. The representation can z. B. as a light pattern z. B. on the road be projected.

Farther it is preferred that the referencing unit is designed a conscious concentration of man on one produced by the WFBV To recognize the stimulus. A concentration of man on a stimulus, in particular to one of several different from the WFBV generated stimuli, z. B. using appropriate activity patterns recognizable in the brain. Thus, an operator's decision as a conscious selection of a stimulus generated by WFBV, in particular of several generated stimuli, be designed.

With the selection of a particular stimulus we according to the invention Operating action connected. In particular, humans can choose one of possible Operator actions by focusing on one of the several of Select the WFBV generated stimuli.

When the criterion for the concentration of man on one Stimulus can be detected by the detection device Activity patterns in the brain and / or the changes these serve as a result of human concentration on a stimulus. This is based on the realization that the activity pattern in the brain changes depending on which of its perceptions the human being concentrates In particular, the focus on one of the stimuli of different kind, generated by the WFBV, z. B. visually contradictory acoustically, is easy to distinguish from each other.

When an alternative or additional criterion for the decision of man for a certain appeal and thus for a given operating action may be the degree of penetration of the stimulus into certain cerebral parts, in particular those responsible for decision-making serve. Here, the known temporal relationship between generating the stimulus and recording the activity patterns be taken into account.

alternative Another method can be used that is penetrating of a stimulus in the conscious perception and / or for the Action or decision responsible parts of the information system of the human being. The recognition of the mental selection of One of several perceived stimuli by humans can be special be easily realized when man is trained to different, z. B. particularly easily distinguishable from each other Patterns in his motor fields and / or thought and drive fields of the brain.

Farther it is preferred that the referencing unit is designed by at least one human reaction to one through the WFBV stimulus created a spatial relation to the execution of a command or an operating decision. Especially the referencing unit can be designed such that the Focus on one of several stimuli generated by the WFBV the spatial reference for a command to the machine manufactures. Thus, the interpretation of an operating decision of the human through the system according to the invention on a real and concrete relation to the environment of man be based and evaluated accordingly. In particular, therefore, a reference to the desired embodiment a movement of the vehicle are interpreted. For example, the Human being a part of a room by focusing on a means select the WFBV generated stimulus which z. B. by to aim for an automatic maneuver or through an automatic maneuver Avoid evasive maneuvers is.

Of the Advantage in this case is also that while doing a direct relationship between the particular spatial Perception of the person and the environment of the vehicle, in particular their relevant parts, also in relation to the emotions and / or Operating decisions of humans can be made.

About that In addition, the commands given to the machine must therefore not on abstract spatial ideas or emotions based on man. According to the invention these ideas into a subjective coordinate system of man, which can be simulated by the principle described above, be classified.

Thus, the number of distinguishable according to the invention operating decisions ge be significantly increased compared to the prior art. In particular, this means that individual complex operating decisions no longer need to be broken down into a series of elementary individual actions to clearly communicate this to the machine. Even commands with complex spatial relationships can be communicated to the machine.

Consequently can z. B. also a passenger of a vehicle by the invention automatic detection and / or assignment of his movements to certain Objects / room parts etc. an active role in the control of Occupy vehicle. The system according to the invention can now also z. B. seen by him or by the concentration highlighted relevant objects, obstacles, room parts, on an ad, e.g. B. on a display, a head-up display or highlight a projection device and / or certain operating decisions for the machine with the detected concentration of the passenger to link to an action. Where the driver advantageously view the same ad. Thus, the driver is on this Objects, obstacles or parts of rooms or on the by the passenger made at least virtually carried out actions. This results in a significant speed advantage in comparison to a verbal communication between the two people z. B. with regard to the location and nature of an impending danger or the one to be agreed or suggested actions.

About that In addition, thus another person, for. As passenger, the vehicle z. B. only virtually by mental selection of certain stimuli control, with his proposed commands or maneuvers or just the differences between his mental operating commands and the operator actions of the driver are calculated and z. For example be displayed to the driver for approval or rejection and / or automatically taken into account in the control of the vehicle become.

The subjective perception of space is known to change based on several external and internal body conditions. This often makes one in relation to the operation of a machine Disadvantage dar. Even for the correct operation of the machine with a GCI is in many cases a measure or assumption necessary to the current subjective sense of space. At least According to the invention, an aspect of the current spatial sensation can be expressed in the form of "subjective Coordinates "designed as an imaging function the current sense of space to the objective spatial Measures or be configured as the inverse function. This can serve according to the invention the operator decisions automatically to the correct ones Allocate room parts to its surroundings. In particular, you can Operating decisions presented with the display device and if necessary be executed. Of particular advantage is it, that thus also assigned operating decisions to such parts of space which can not be affected by any of them Stimulus of WFBV are affected. This can be z. B. realized such be that the subjective sense of space by means of some in the Number and area of limited bases, which formed by the action of WFBV, interpolated and as a function of mapping the subjective space to the objective one Room (or vice versa) is displayed.

Farther it is preferred that an automatically generated operating suggestion transmitted to the human as a stimulus generated by the WFBV and by means of the concentration of the person on the sensation of the Stimuli is selectable. It may be in the operating proposal to a complex operating proposal, especially one with a spatial and / or temporal course. This allows humans z. For example, the selection and initiation of a very complex command by means of an easily interpretable movement. Especially advantageous is that the stimulus at the same time also in one for the human being recognizable, in particular spatial connection with its environment stands. Alternatively or additionally, the representation of the automatically generated operating suggestion of the machine by means of Presentation device possible. Thereby the representation can the operating suggestion by the presentation device to the person, z. B. the precalculated execution of an operation and / or represent the result of the operation while the WFBV for generating a corresponding, in the information system of the person serves identifiable stimuli.

One Operating suggestion can z. B. as one of a vehicle z. B. based Proposal determined by the navigation system and environment detection sensor for the trajectory of an automatically performed Be maneuver. In this way you can The human also several operating suggestions from the machine be offered for selection.

Thus, a complex operating suggestion of the machine, for. B. in a critical situation in a particular direction or to perform a specific operation, be selected by means of a thought concentration on the relevant stimulus by humans and / or introduced. Thus, an initiation of a very complex action as a single mental concentration of the people, which are very fast and relatively easily interpretable can, be designed.

Farther it is preferred that the stimuli are such stimuli, on the sensation or distinction of the man learned or trained. The conscious or unconscious z. B. used reflective behavior of the human body become. It is known that human ability with certain stimuli (pictures, symbols, sounds, haptic stimuli) a neuronal activity of certain parts of the nervous system to change or to release certain hormones In many cases it is easy to learn or train.

at The stimuli can be stimuli that are consciously perceived and / or those in the nervous system according to certain criteria be filtered out and thus delayed the consciousness first or not reach. Often the person takes z. B. short-term or aware of often repetitive stimuli, though these excite the nerves of corresponding sensory organs and in the body of man z. B. are detectable as neuronal signals.

Of the Man can z. B. be trained on the, by as a laser-based Projection device configured WFBV in the outer space of the vehicle, projected symbols with an easily recognizable Reaction of his information system to respond.

Further It is advantageous that the evaluation unit is designed in this way is that these are used for automatic recognition, in particular recognition, Responses to stimuli based on regularity and / or frequency of the neural impulses and / or a Distribution pattern of messengers, is designed. It is known, that the amplitude of a perceived by a sensory organ Stimuli in the nervous system of the human in frequency and Regularity of single neuronal impulses (max Pulse rate 500-800 pulses / second). Consequently can produce certain stimuli, especially those generated by the WFBV Stimuli z. B. the course of their amplitude, which in turn in the course the frequency and regularity of Impulse reflects, be recognized.

Consists the action of the WFBV in a light and / or sound sequence in Form of a temporally or spatially modulated light or sound and / or vibration z. In the form of mechanical vibrations, can the sequence in the simplest case z. B. in number and / or Combination of actions, eg. B. pulses are detected. Also more known system response properties of the information system in relation on the propagation properties of the stimuli in the nervous system can be taken into account.

The However, evaluation unit can also be designed such that these the distribution pattern, the concentration and / or the concentration change certain hormones, which the human being in certain stimuli, z. B. Light patterns, images, sounds, haptic stimuli, recognizes.

through of the known method of eye tracking can be recognized where to go the eyes of the user of a machine, e.g. B. Automotive, Computer, Workbench, Vehicle look. Thus, dangerous situations, those with overlooking traffic signs, obstacles or ads are related. With the inventive detection and evaluation of Course of the neural impulses and / or hormonal signals attained the system sheds light on whether people are doing things also really perceives and whether or how far this in the information system be further processed by humans. This results in the opposite the prior art advantageous tracking of perception. These can be applied to various stimulus sensations. With this Procedures can not only be determined if the person is heading towards a z. B. multicolored luminous, modulated with a pulse rate display or a z. B. lit with a flash or a flash Object, e.g. B. an obstacle has looked on the road, but whether he also perceived this.

It can z. B. also be determined if the human being a haptic Contact with an object z. B. has an operating element, if the Object has been provided by means of a WFBV with a stimulus (z. B. Influence of the sense of touch by vibration or a variable Surface texture or temperature sensation), by the inventive detection and evaluation the neural impulses and / or hormonal signals are detected can.

Furthermore, it is preferred that the system according to the invention comprises an automatic object recognition device which is designed to detect a relevant object in the environment of the human being. The relevant object is in particular one for the current operating situation, for. B. driving situation, relevant object, z. B. a lane boundary, an obstacle, another road user, animal, etc. in a radius of the vehicle or an infrastructure device, eg. B. a traffic sign or a traffic light. It may be one of a certain class, eg. B. Class of movable or immovable objects, assigned and / or act automatically according to predetermined criteria object, in particular an obstacle in road traffic z. B. a road user, z. B. Human, animal, other vehicle etc.

The Object recognition device can be used for frame detection on a camera, based on a radar, a lidar or other sensors and at least the presence of an object, especially in a particular one Position to the human and / or vehicle, detect. In particular, can the object recognition device also the object class based on automatically determined in advance certain criteria.

Farther it is preferred that the action of WFBV generates stimuli that to the object recognized by the object recognition device and / or essentially act in the space part, in an immediate Related to the object. For example, the action in the same solid angle take place in which the current or determined future position of the object takes place.

The Impact by the WFBV may be through a local change the characteristics of glasses, contact lens or windshield a vehicle, the spatial position, to which the action is directed by the object recognition device is given. For example, the light that is the eyes of man from a certain determined by the object recognition device Room part briefly darkened. This results in a additional advantage, because not the whole, z. For example The driver's viewable space in the acted upon with different stimuli Areas must be subdivided but the review or referencing the perception to a relevant, dependent determined by the object recognition space part and / or a relevant Object can be limited.

The Object recognition means may be coupled to the WFBV. So can, instead of on a specific room area also directly to one specific object or to those directly related to this object Room parts are physically affected.

Consequently The system according to the invention can be the concentration of man on a stimulus generated by the WFBV as an operating decision, the to interpret themselves as referring to an object. Thus, an otherwise Complex communication between man and machine significantly simplified or be accelerated.

Consequently can a localization, eg. A physical obstacle, which is seen by the driver, in his perception, in particular based on the subjective sense of space, be realized.

Especially can be derived from the corresponding, subsequent, thought impulse of the driver are taken in which spatial relation of the command of the driver in relation to that generated by the action of the WFBV Excitement stands. For example, the driver's thought impulse may be an obstacle to evade, assigned a specific spatial information be, for. B. to the right of the obstacle or avoid the obstacle on the left. Because this information is thus much earlier than the operation the controls is available, this can be from other vehicle systems be evaluated. For example, this information can be collision-proof other automatically detected objects are still being compared before the driver has implemented his project. If the evasive maneuver The driver may experience more dangers than the actual obstacle z. B. be warned in time.

Farther it is preferred that by comparing the reaction to the Stimulus triggered by the perceptual environment influencing device, with another reaction to another stimulus by the environment of man, according to the invention a quantitative reference made for a subjective perception becomes. Consequently, by an automatic comparison with the Detecting device detected reaction from the information system of the human to a stimulus generated by the action of WFBV with his reaction to at least one stimulus from the environment of man, a quantitative reference for subjective Perception, especially for the perception of a physical Size from the environment of man, made become.

Consequently In particular, a quantitative measure of sensations as "far" / "near" "light / strong" performed become. In the analogous way can also be between other subjective Sizes "cold" / "hot", "loud" / "quiet" one Assignment to the machine, in particular to the systems of a vehicle getting produced. This can be used to control almost all vehicle functions Including the interior light, the air conditioning system, etc. are used. It must the stimulus generated by the WFBV does not necessarily increase the intensity reach the environmental stimulus. This offers especially in the operation a machine, especially a vehicle a large one Advantage, since z. B. a falsified by the subjective feeling Perception, e.g. As a wrong estimated by the driver Distance or illumination of a room part, detected automatically in time can be.

The detection according to the invention of the subjectively perceived quality is in many cases also advantageous because it is a value ultimately valid for the human and for the control of the machine - despite a lot number of disturbances, eg B. from the exterior of the vehicle, - penetrates to the people.

Consequently can be due to the perceived concentration of man on one the WFBV generated reference stimulus, a stimulus corresponding to this or assigned quantity of a variable to be controlled become. For example, through a conscious concentration of the person to an audio signal from several offered audio signals with different Volume and automatic detection of the signal on which the human concentrated, the automatic takeover the desired volume in one Audio systems done.

Though It is extremely complex and currently hardly possible from the neural impulses and / or hormonal signals directly to the quantitative evaluation of the perceived situation too close, but based on one by the WFBV stimulus generated with the particular a particular room part or an object is acted upon, so that the stimulus in particular a known reaction or a reaction of a known type in the information system of the human being, may be due to the subjective perception of the person be closed questionable space part and / or object as such.

If it is about z. B. the operating decision of a driver of a vehicle to interpret are the subjective factors - too those that are formed by psychic influences - in a number of cases more important than objective sizes, which can also be detected using purely technical means. Therefore, with the determination according to the invention a subjectively perceived quantity of outer Stimuli an interaction between man and machine are designed which in a particularly high degree subjective feelings of Considered people.

Farther It is advantageous that the detection device electrical detectors and / or electromagnetic detectors and / or biochemical detectors includes. By means of these detectors, the neural Impulses and / or hormonal signals of humans and / or metabolic processes be detected in the nervous system of humans. Especially advantageous is a detection device that is a spatial pattern the neuronal impulses, especially in a nerve, nerve center or brain detected.

The Detection device can be together or separately from the machine z. B. be configured in a separate device. Especially Can this in a mobile phone, bracelet, jewelry and / or in Clothes are designed and / or those of the information system information acquired by humans, in particular wirelessly. According to the invention, the detection device be designed as part of an operating element of the machine, in particular, such an operating element, which additionally can be operated by a haptic action, z. B. the Steering wheel, joystick or knob of a vehicle.

It can z. B. in a simplified embodiment of system according to the invention not the individual Perception contents detected with the detection device and evaluated evaluation unit or interpreted, but only particular particular quantitative parameters of the pulses, signals and / or patterns are evaluated. It can, for. B. only because of the parameters of certain nerve signals z. B. be found that humans a strong stimulus, z. B. is exposed to an acoustic stimulus, without the actual Content of the stimulus, in this case the sound waves or the ones in it contained frequencies to decode.

Already from the consideration of individual parameters or parameter combinations When controlling a machine, can control the machine be optimized. For example, an order of the human being in a causal or logical connection with an extremely strong though in itself harmless charm, z. B. is an acoustic stimulus, checked and / or questioned by the machine become.

Further It is advantageous that the detection device for detecting the neural impulses and / or hormonal signals of the balance system of the human being is trained. The tap can be through the evaluation the neuronal impulses of corresponding nerve cells, nerves and / or physically, by means of sensor-based evaluation of the bone position be designed. By means of the evaluation of this data can a number of advantageous applications can be realized, in particular those with a sense of space in a vehicle related. For example, it can also be a kind of tracking the current head position of a driver can be realized. These can be used to adapt the restraint systems of a vehicle, z. B. an airbag system of the vehicle to the position and / or Acceleration of the human head before and / or during a crash or other physical action.

Furthermore, it is advantageous that the system comprises a control loop which controls at least one actuator of the machine such that a subjective perception of a certain perception gained from the information system of the person serves as control value of the control.

Consequently a control loop for controlling the machine can be formed, in which the information captured by the detection device and / or a derived value for a particular perception be considered as a manipulated variable. Thus, a control loop can be formed, which is the actuator the machine controls such that a certain nominal behavior, z. B. a certain limit, the of the detection device recorded values z. B. complied with and / or according to a predetermined Function is changed.

Z. B. the air conditioning of a vehicle can be controlled in such a way that a constant predetermined value for the sensation of heat one and / or every human being. In particular, so can the air conditioner as the machine to be controlled on the heat sensation through the dermal nerves (preprocessed information), to the subjective Heat sensation (Based on appropriate activation pattern in the brain) or at an intermediate value be.

The Regulation of this value, typically different from the objective measured temperature is different for well-being of man towards the regulation of the objective temperature advantageous. Thus, the control can the manipulated variable. both when changing physical boundary conditions as well as changes in subjective perception.

Further it is advantageous that the particular perception by the perceptual environment influencing device is so influenced, in particular modulated, is to order in a given Relationship to the subjective sensation. Thus, will the size perceptible by man influenced with the WFBV in such a way, in particular that modulates Parameter of the manipulated variable in a given Relationship with a parameter of the stimulus stands. Prefers This allows a spatial distribution of the size to be controlled be set so that they are in each of the provided Spaces achieved a predetermined range of values.

Z. B., the inventive system for control or regulation of a lighting system. The too Controlling size can in this case the light intensity z. B. be in a particular room part. Because the perception of the stimulus, which z. B. as an amplitude or spatial frequency modulation of light to be controlled or the light mixed with this light the perception of the stimulus depends on it the perception of the manipulated variable as such. Consequently can capture the effect of light on human perception and the light are controlled so that the subjectively perceived light intensity assumes a defined value for the human senses.

If the light z. B. is used to illuminate a room part, can be assured that its intensity is always this way is controlled, that this also possibly despite a different one Adaptation state of human eyes, the distraction of humans by other stimuli, z. B. stray lights, always adequate and / or optimally perceived. Also, individual parameters of Light as well as z. As the temperature can be optimized be that z. B. the illuminated with this light object and / or the illuminated room part can be optimally seen.

Especially a control according to the invention is advantageous or regulation of a spatial light distribution. According to the invention the radiated in different, especially adjacent room parts Light with different stimuli (eg amplitude modulation or Modulation with short pulses or an additional light component mixed with the light which is modulated in this way). At the with the evaluation unit detected reaction, possibly also on a lack of reaction is subsequently detected if the light intensity in the respective Room part for perception of the stimulus and thus also for seeing the Objects in this part of space is sufficient by man. devices, which control the light space angle dependent are known and can z. B. configured as an LED matrix with an optic be.

Consequently the system of the invention, the light intensity always automatically adapt locally to the parts of the environment so, that the light perceived by humans is reflected back sufficient from all relevant parts of the room to see these parts of space and / or optimal light intensity for the human eye equivalent. Particularly advantageous is that thereby a local brightness adaptation It can be reached to the environment to be illuminated also the current state of human eyes, especially theirs current adaptation properties and / or their current accommodation and / or eye position. Thus, that can System an optimal for humans spatial Control or regulate the distribution of the manipulated variable.

In particular, the application of the system according to the invention in a vehicle lighting system is advantageous. The vehicle light is known to hit depending on the driving situation on different distant objects z. T. have very different reflection properties. The dark, relatively distant objects can easily be overlooked become. According to the invention, the distribution of the light radiated into the exterior and / or interior of the vehicle can be regulated in such a way that a predetermined visibility of the reflected light - and thus also of the surroundings of the vehicle - is ensured for the driver. In such a control or regulation of the vehicle's own light, a large number of influencing factors as well as the current eye position are taken into account. In this case, the WFBV z. B. be designed as part of the lighting system of a vehicle.

Especially advantageous is the design of controls of light and / or Sound through the mental impulses, especially concentration of man on certain aspects of the stimulus generated, served can be. So can, for. B. a laser projection, the in particular different due to their effect on humans Stimuli generated, changed by mental impulses be, which coincides with a change of state or the parameter of a machine is connected. Also, z. B. an operating noise of a machine, z. B. a motor noise a vehicle, at the same time serve as a control element. Especially by focusing on specific components of the human focused on him audible engine noise. So can be the reaction of the information system of man, including his Stirrings in relation to the perceived noise, detected and from this an operating decision or a parameter for the control derived from a machine. The noise can be z. B. also to simplify the automatic distinction of contained therein components and the associated impulses be modified.

Further It is advantageous that the detection unit is formed, To collect information from at least two people, and the evaluation unit is formed from the acquired information of at least to close two people on a common perception card. The common perception card can be used in particular as a Sum or intersection of the perceptions of individual persons, eg. B. with respect to certain parts of space, be designed. Such Card unfolds its advantage especially when interacting with very complex machines, for their operation at least two operators are required. In certain cases it is sufficient if an object, room part, signal generator or a certain combination of perceptions of at least one human is perceived in other specific cases again necessary that these of a certain minimum number is perceived on persons. By forming a perception card can be recognized, whether a z. B. necessary to operate a machine Enforcement of the environment sufficiently ensured by the user is. For example, it can be checked if all are controlling one Vehicle relevant parts of space by at least one person be perceived.

The Determining a common operating decision can be automatic Coordination of the operating decisions of several people over one include and as a computational, z. B. iterative solution finding be designed. Especially advantageous is the automatic formation of a common operating command or a set of operator commands related to an operator's decision the temporal and / or spatial behavior of a controlling variable or a controlled variable includes, especially those that are otherwise very difficult and not coordinated in a short time between two or more people can be.

Especially it is the automatic formation of an operating decision to the operating actions in which the estimates by humans, especially estimation tolerances, play a special role (For example, defining a vertex of a curve on a map Racetrack through several pilots). Thus, an almost instantaneous Result can be achieved with lower estimation tolerances, as it with the individual respective estimation tolerances, z. B. of each of two drivers of a vehicle, possible would. Thus, the inventive allows System an "immediate" vote of the user-critical Parameters and can, for. B. for controlling a maneuver of a Vehicle are used.

alternative can determine the common operating decision as a automatic coordination of decisions of several persons, eg As driver, passenger, passengers carried out for the purpose of control a machine can be used. This can be z. B. by means a calculation of a simple "tripple redundance", where z. For example, the system is the operating decision of the majority of those involved People fulfilled.

A formed in this way fused perception card and / or interpreted Operation decision may be for further use with appropriate Probabilities or weights of individual strength Perceptions or operating decisions are provided.

Advantageously, thus an almost complete fusion between the perception areas or operating decisions, for. B. control decisions and / or regulatory decisions made by several people, the zu controlling functions are automatically controlled according to the current perceptual environment.

Consequently an inventive displacement and Automation of coordination of control decisions several persons involved in the operation of the machine a data processing level. As a result, the vote can be very much faster than z. B. by voting by means of controls, be designed. Thus, the control of very fast operations through several operators only by the invention System reasonably applicable. The inventive In particular, Fusion offers the advantage of having multiple delay-free transmitted Operating decisions immediately coordinated according to previously determined rules Result can be generated.

Further it is advantageous that the evaluation unit is designed to the reactions of the information system of at least two sense organs on a particular situation and / or event and / or action, in particular a driving situation, to charge and to deduce the perception and / or to interpret the perception. In particular, thus at least an interpreted control command for controlling the machine be derived. The detection can also be done by means of several detection devices respectively.

Of the Man makes his judgment about his environment, in particular about an event or a situation, almost always by means of several sense organs. Depending on the information from different sensory organs which are reported to the nerve centers or to the brain, the individual reactions in the human brain are mutually plausible and formed an entire, consciously perceived judgment, wherein An information from a sensory organ can be ignored without that it is aware of the human being. This is a common one Reason for hallucinations that are much more common happen when people are generally aware of it. there becomes a perceptually distinct and correctly grasped perception by a sensory organ, but to the other perceptions according to those taught in the brain Logic does not fit with the formation of judgment in the brain as implausible in the Compared to a different sensation viewed and filtered out, so that they are not perceived consciously or in an adapted form becomes. Alternatively, there are several in some cases different periodically merging judgments or perceptions.

Z. For example, it may, under the action of an acceleration on humans, what is captured in particular by the vestibular system, in combination with the visual perception of forms, objects etc. which according to the experience of man a certain direction characterize, for. B. the sky, the horizon, etc., to hallucinations and Loss of orientation.

With a machine according to the invention carried out Fusion of data from different sensory organs according to a predetermined Type, in particular by means of predetermined on the control of the machine optimized algorithms, the perceptual synergies from several senses to the advantage of controlling a machine be used and / or the plausibility of signals from different Sense organs are performed. Advantageously, can a plausibility of the signals from different sensory organs take place in an artificial computing system and for compensation mutual interference and / or increase the probability of a decision.

advantageously, can in the invention described above artificial fusion a fast automatic plausibility check the perceptions and / or a control decision etc. take place. Further advantageous is the filtering of known incorrect, contradictory or harmful Command combinations from the data that the machine ultimately Taxes. These can be such z. B. by means of a comparison be identified with a database. Advantageously, can in the fusion according to the invention the advantages human perception with the advantages of a z. B. object-recognizing Systems, z. B. a camera system, can be meaningfully combined.

Further advantageous is a fusion device which is designed to to perform a data processing fusion. Thereby one, from the information system of at least one People gained perception and / or perception card and / or Operator decisions with at least one automatic System coming environment sensing, especially environment interpretation and / or automatically calculated operator actions, in particular one Action proposal, merged.

Thus, in the operation of the machine, a division of tasks between human or multiple people and automatic devices take place, in which the contribution of each operator, for. As human, animal or automatic system, is considered for controlling the machine according to predetermined algorithms. Each operator can thus, for. Depending on its current perceptiveness and authority, to control certain functions of the machine and the type of command etc. involved in the operation of the machine. The priority of an operator may depend on the type of perception, on the currently expected error probability and / or on the type of operator decision. So z. For example, the perception of the driver during the day is the highest priority and at night, the night-vision system with an automatic interpretation of the driving situation, eg. B. in the selection of an evasive maneuver, the highest priority.

Further It is advantageous that the fusion device as a simulation a neural network is formed. The application of a Simulation of a neural network is particularly advantageous. Since already the input of this data processing, which by the Detected detection device according to the invention is formed by means of biological neural networks, The nervous systems of several individuals, in relation on the execution of a complex thinking process, according to the invention according to a related kind are networked. Advantageously results a significantly more powerful operating system or recognition system, which is also a very complex system, eg. B. an aircraft, a Yacht, etc., which requires a coherent operation control can. Thus, more z. B. based on sensors Systems for controlling the machine included in the control network become. Ie. also another machine or z. B. an object-recognizing or signaling system can command for fusion deliver. Advantageously, by shifting a data fusion interface the networking of spatially separated operators done. Other operators can also be controlled by remote control and / or telepresence, z. B. involved by means of a video camera to the control of the machine be.

The Fusion can be considered a simplified and / or altered imitation of decision-making by a human. Thus, an at least partial "outsourcing of the judgment or decision making "at least for one simplified special case of judgments are created. The advantage lies in a z. B. primitive but extremely fast and / or one of the principle of human judgment Deviating, artificially executed judgment. This can also be used directly to control the machine be, for. B. if the appropriate tax decision of the people in the current situation, e.g. Because of the too long decision-making time, is unsuitable.

The However, human decision can also be made with the decision the artificial situation evaluation information technology be compared. For a same or contradiction-free decision may be more likely to be correct be accepted.

Further it is advantageous that the control system comprises a database, the storage of patterns and pattern combinations of neural impulses and / or hormonal signals. The evaluation unit is formed, the recorded processed and / or preprocessed neural impulses and / or hormonal signals via the database to classify and / or interpret in particular to it to conclude whether certain stimuli are conscious or unconscious be perceived.

It is z. For example, it is well known that for a given combination the perceived stimuli the human brain - or that Brain of a certain person - overloaded is and / or generates erroneous decisions. In particular, it concerns this is the subjectively perceived stimuli. Based on the general or specially researched properties of human perception and properties, especially in decision-making in the case of special patterns of subjective stimuli also adapted to it Solutions are activated.

advantageously, the system can be a database of the stored or indexed combinations of processed and / or preprocessed Information that is an interpretation of correctness and / or Subjectivity of his decision, in particular of a cognitive Stir, serve, serve. According to the invention the special characteristics of a (certain) person in the Training process, eg. B. in a simulator, and collected in the Control of the machine according to the method considered. Thus, the operator decision can be made by means of a database, which references the combination patterns of certain stimuli. Prefers the database can be person-specific and by means of a simulator be created. This allows the critical stimulus combinations be recognized as such.

Another advantage is that the control system is designed such that the neural impulses and / or hormonal signals that act as triggers of biomotor processes in the human body, as a signal to control the machine and / or as an activation signal for automatically determined by the machine operating suggestions be used. In particular, for this purpose, the neural signals can be used, which serve for the immediate activation of certain muscle groups. The advantage is a faster recognition of the movement than is possible by detecting muscle movement. The assignment of the information gathered from the information system of the human to certain movements can ei automatic comparison with a database.

Especially can be detected by the detection unit neural Impulse, which is the blinking of the eyelids, especially a blinking of the Kind, like the fast approach of objects to humans instinctively triggered as a control signal the control of a vehicle system, in particular a restraint system z. B. when detected imminent danger, serve.

Further The present invention includes a vehicle, in particular a motor vehicle. in which the system just described is implemented. The already described advantageous embodiments of the invention Systems find particular in the context of the invention Vehicle application.

Further It is advantageous that in the control proposal for the Vehicle and / or in a control of a restraint system takes into account a current maximum load of humans becomes. Vehicles can currently be much higher Create acceleration values, as the driver or pilot tolerate can. The currently allowed value, eg. B. acceleration value for a pilot, varies greatly in pendency from the previous physical stress as well of current physical and psychological condition, Stress, etc.

Especially can be a maneuver, especially an evasive maneuver a vehicle, z. As a race car or airplane, such be controlled that one at the time permissible Exposure value, in particular the automatically determined sensation of pain or a limit of the sensation of irritation in the case of no acute overstimulation and / or disturbing the judgment of the pilot happens, is not exceeded. The maximum load value can by means of the course of neural impulses and / or hormonal Signals, in particular in response to the generated by the WFBV Stimulus, to be determined.

When Measure for reaching or exceeding certain stress limits of humans can be opposite the unloaded state of man changed parameters the reaction identified in his information system to that of WFBV generate stimulus. For example, the changed or lack of production of certain activation patterns in the brain, by certain stimuli generated with the WFBV or a modified one Time interval until the appearance of this, as a criterion for an overload and in particular to reduce the occurring load by automatic control of the maneuver serve.

Consequently can the efficiency of a maneuver be increased because this at least z. T. can be controlled so that the maximum load automatically on a certain inventively determined current value is limited. Thus, a maneuver of the Vehicle, in particular an automatically initiated evasive maneuver or an emergency braking operation or an action of the active systems and / or passive safety, so adaptively controlled that a maximum effect of the maneuver is achieved without, however the currently valid load limits for the pilot, in particular peak values and / or integral values of the loads z. B. for the current evasive maneuver to pass.

By the knowledge of the predicted load limits and a regulated Approaching this with the involvement of the information system human values, especially information about the momentary sensation of pain and / or the current ability to judge of the brain, the maneuver, z. B. lateral dynamics or longitudinal dynamics a vehicle, so controlled within the given frame be that effectiveness of the maneuver if not exceeded the load capacity values is maximized.

at the control or regulation according to the invention the restraint systems of a vehicle, eg. B. a belt tensioner before or during a crash, the restraint system may be controlled such that a inventively detected peak and / or integral value of the load is not exceeded becomes. Thus, maximum effectiveness of restraint systems be achieved.

at a dangerous situation, especially those with the movement a vehicle zusammengtget, z. B. in a threatening Collisions becomes a series in the information system of the person triggered by events that detects as characteristic for a dangerous situation, especially characteristic for an imminent risk of injury, recognized and sent to the Machine are transmitted. Thus, the machine can be automatic Take actions that are likely to be forthcoming or expected danger situation, in particular danger situation with certain consequences for the human and / or machine, counteract or reduce their consequences. In particular, it can the danger situation spatially and / or temporally limited will be quantified and / or the threat potential of the hazard become.

According to the invention, the recognition of the dangerous situation can be used in particular to initiate actions which take place before a conscious control and / or regulation time divorce. An automatically determined measure of the threat potential can, for. B. be evaluated to adjust the countermeasures.

Farther advantageous is an actuator of the vehicle, which is formed on the basis of the inventive detection of the danger situation perceived by humans, one for avoidance and / or minimizing the hazard action and prefers to put the vehicle in a pre-crash state.

Thereby can in case of detected danger situation, in particular one Pre-crash situation the vehicle to be prepared for the crash and / or measures or reactions for crash avoidance and / or Mitigating the consequences of a crash. A pre-crash condition can also include action during a crash, in particular an adaptive control of the restraint systems of the vehicle depending on the course of the accident and according to the invention detected Information about the danger situation.

advantageously, The pre-crash condition can also be the resources of the vehicle to counteract the danger situation and / or to activate. This may be the release of energy resources of the vehicle, z. B. for an automatic introduction a so-called kickdown or to operate the restraint systems, act. Alternatively or additionally, it may be the Release or activation of computational resources of the vehicle act. This z. B. not necessarily needed Arithmetic processes are terminated so that the maximum computing power, z. B. for processing the expected operating decisions of humans by controls of the vehicle and / or by the Vehicle sensor system is available. In particular it is provided, however, the agility of the vehicle temporarily in particular, especially for the estimated Duration of the dangerous situation, increase. This can also be done temporarily at the expense of comfort and / or economic Driving, z. B. by the release of electrical energy for a kickdown, done. For example, it can also be a gas or hydraulic suspension be lowered as the vehicle then faster Brakes and / or can evade, the driver and / or the should automatic systems of the vehicle itself for such Maneuver decide.

Especially a pre-crash state can include such measures, which in themselves do not lead to critical events. This results in the advantage that this state by means of the invention Although system is introduced early, but in itself has no critical and / or irreversible consequences.

Furthermore can the vehicle's restraint systems like z. As airbag, belt tensioner or actuator that a pedestrian when colliding with the vehicle can catch, confirmed or to an actuation by automatic systems of the vehicle to get prepared.

Further advantageous is a warning signal generator in the vehicle, which is formed is, in the event of a dangerous situation, in particular a risk of collision and / or to give a warning signal to a pre-crash situation. A warning signal can z. B. be technically and / or acoustically designed and can also be spatially effective. Ie. the signal effect essentially only a selected point in space, Refer to solid angle and / or a selected object, especially such a point in space, to which a person attentive should be made.

alternative or in addition, the warning signal can also be wireless, z. B. to another vehicle or infrastructure device become. This warning signal can thus z. B. also the coordinates of the vehicle and information about the imminent danger include. For example, in the inventive Detecting a collision hazard with a fast approaching Vehicle automatically the hazard warning lights of the vehicle are activated.

Farther it is preferred that, depending on the detected reaction of man to the charm of WFBV, at least one system of the vehicle at least one control command and / or control command of the human anticipates and / or changes. This is preferred if the reaction of man to a danger perceived by man suggesting.

The The invention additionally includes a method of control a machine with the following steps: detecting a preprocessed Information through a sensory organ of at least one human being has been perceived, in particular as neural impulses and / or hormonal signals and / or metabolic processes in the nervous system, deriving at least one operating decision for the machine under Consideration of the acquired preprocessed information.

The already in connection with the invention System discussed training found analogously the inventive method application and come also advantageous in the process according to the invention for use.

The invention can in particular the behin make it easier for people to operate a machine. However, new sports and / or commercial competitions can also be established based on the functional principle of this invention.

The Subclaims of the invention Systems and methods also show advantageous embodiments the vehicle according to the invention or the invention Method for controlling a vehicle. Their advantages are already in connection with the invention System has been explained accordingly.

in the The scope of the invention are various changes and modifications possible, without the scope of the invention and its equivalents to leave. In particular, the system according to the invention or the corresponding procedure due to legal or country-specific guidelines and ethical principles be designed deviant. The previous description of the The present invention is for illustrative purposes only and not for the purpose of limiting the invention.

in the Following, with reference to the accompanying drawing, Invention-relevant selected aspects of the control system according to the invention, the vehicle according to the invention and the invention Procedure described. It shows

1 an illustration of a conventional control of a machine according to the prior art,

2 an information conversion loop according to the invention,

3 an information conversion loop according to the invention taking into account the implementation of complex commands by virtual control elements / control surfaces,

4 an information conversion loop according to the invention, taking into account the access by human to virtual control element, for. B. control surfaces,

5 an information conversion loop according to the invention with partial resolution of a conventional control loop involving the nervous system of a human,

6 a representation of a fusion of various neuronal signals according to the invention,

7 an inventive effect on different parts of space with different stimuli, and

8th an action according to the invention on an object automatically recognized by an object recognition unit of the vehicle.

The path of change of information, as in the prior art in 1 is abbreviated, is abbreviated by the control system according to the invention. The new inventive information conversion loop shows 2 , As already out 1 known, shows too 2 the first block 1 , the second block 2 , the third block 3 and the fourth block 4 , In contrast to the prior art ( 1 ) shows 2 a direct connection between the first block 1 and the fourth block 4 in both directions. That is, the neural impulses and / or hormonal signals in the information conversion loop after 2 be taken directly from humans and interpreted by the machine. The detour of information about the second block 2 and the third block 3 , with their respective delays / bottlenecks, at least partially eliminated. The dashed arrows in 2 show that the inventive direct information path, from the first block 1 to the fourth block 4 , the conventional information path over all four blocks does not exclude, and thus both information paths can be realized in a machine.

The detection unit can, for. B. pick up the neural impulses directly on the head of the human. Furthermore, the tapping of thought commands (neuronal impulses, hormonal signals) on the nerves, in the muscles on an electrical or sensor-based basis, or by means of electrodes on the skin can be done. In a simpler realization variant, the saving of time, in the third block 2 out 2 ("Muscle control loop") by picking up the neural signals that are used for muscle operation, which can also mean a very significant acceleration of the control processes. Therefore, the neural impulses and hormonal signals also include "neuronal body output," regardless of the nature of the physical signals they are detected. This can be a reaction of the driver as well as a conscious and / or unconscious reaction or a gesture or expression of will.

If z. For example, the eyes of man through an approaching Are threatened, the eyelids respond with the speed that exceed the responsiveness of leg muscles many times over. Thus, about the inventive Procedure a completely new, for the operation Unknown speed of a vehicle can be achieved, in particular when the neural impulses that control the eyelids communicate with the detector be recorded.

The problem on the man at Be Rather, it is the responsiveness, which is due to long signal transmission of the nerve impulses or long propagation time of the hormones, as well as a long muscle activation time, which is due to multiple interleaving of the control loops. A strong warning signal, such as. As an imminent collision, according to the invention can be detected directly by specific neuronal or hormonal body signals and initiated the required preventive response of the system even before the human begins to respond to the situation with a conventional operating action.

3 shows an information conversion loop according to the invention, taking into account the implementation of complex commands by virtual controls / control surfaces. In 3 is the already known first block 1 and the fourth block 4 shown. There is also a fifth block 5 provided which represents visualized and / or variable controls. These visualized and / or variable control elements can by means of a known MMI z. B. be executed as a touch screen. The information transformation loop off 3 thus shows how humans can directly influence the appearance of the control element with neural impulses and / or hormonal signals. By operating the controls by means of neural impulses and / or hormonal signals, the slow forwarding of information via the second block is eliminated 2 and the third block 3 ,

Just like that a virtual operator can be realized. By the thought concentration z. B. on the color of the overlay, this can be changed and thus z. For example, an operation may be confirmed or discarded. A logically structured menu structure allows the operator by means of very simple mental impulses arbitrarily complex operating procedures Taxes. This method allows the user an "immediate Interactivity "when entering the operating commands, the time at which the operation becomes valid should, is freely selectable.

4 shows an information conversion loop according to the invention, taking into account the access by human to virtual control / control surfaces. 4 essentially corresponds 3 with the first block 1 , the fourth block 4 and the fifth block 5 , In contrast to 3 is in 4 the increased interaction between humans (first block 1 ) and control element (fifth block 5 ) represented by a double arrow. Further shows 4 in contrast to 3 how the variable / virtual operating unit can be influenced by another control command. That is, not only can be selected from certain controls, but are sent via the controls complex commands to the machine. For example, a vehicle may present to the driver one or more suggested evasive maneuvers determined by means of the vehicle, whereby the driver may select therebetween by means of neural impulses. Advantageously, the driver by mental concentration on a display in the head-up display to move this to the desired point in space and thus signal the vehicle to which lane the vehicle should dodge.

5 shows an information conversion loop according to the invention with partial resolution of the conventional control loop involving the human nervous system. Here again are the known blocks, first block 1 , second block 2 , third block 3 and fourth block 4 to see. The direct arrow connection between the first block 1 and fourth block 4 shows in 5 a, at least in part, direct connection from the human to the machine. A dashed line of information about the second block 2 and the third block 3 shows the possibility to confirm interpreted commands via the conventional way.

6 shows a representation of a fusion of various neuronal signals according to the invention. It is shown how the information of the first sense organ and the second sense organ are directed to the judgment-forming brain areas. At the same time, this information is recorded with the detection device of the system according to the invention. The data fusion unit further directly derives data from the judgment forming brain area and supplies data to a control device of the machine. The judgment forming brain area supplies data via a brain-computer interface to the same data fusion unit and via a conventional MMI to the control device of the machine. Furthermore, the control device of the machine is preceded by a priority decision function.

Corresponding 6 can z. For example, preprocessed information acquired by the neural pulses may be related to the current automatically generated environmental score. The result of such mergers can also be used to assess whether the human being is sensitive to the situation, e.g. B. a traffic situation reacts adequately or not. It can then be decided whether his thinking command is implemented immediately or after a further confirmation or plausibility check. In particular, the environmental feet identified by artificial sensors as interfering stimuli can also be automatically registered or recognized as such when operating a vehicle. These can be filtered out during the control of the machine by the driver and / or by the fault the resulting probability of error in the decision is determined or estimated and taken into account in the execution of the command.

The Adaptation of living beings to repeated, permanent stimuli and adaptation to a certain level of stimuli is an ingenious invention of Nature. Man, therefore, mainly consciously only takes the changes come true. This filtering is mainly done in the brain. According to the invention can certain Stimuli to which humans respond due to the adaptation z. B. only weak reacts and in the data fusion automatically z. B. recognized as relevant yet, when controlling a machine - over the data bypass described in the invention - considered become.

7 shows a vehicle 6 with a perceptual environment influencing device (WFBV) 7 , An impact 8th on different room parts is in 7 through five different actions 8a to 8e shown. The actions 8a to 8e Cover approx. 110 ° in the front of the vehicle 6 from. The WFBV 7 So it affects the different solid angles with different optical effects 8a to 8e one. The actions 8a to 8e are chosen so that the different stimuli in the sense organs and the corresponding reactions in the information system of the human cause. The actions 8a to 8e are configured as a light radiated depending on the room angle, light modulated with the different breaks depending on the solid angle. The modulation is chosen so that it causes no perceptible disturbance of humans. At the same time, this light z. B. be designed as a driving light or as a part of the driving light or serve additional additional purposes. The detection device acquires the information from the human information system in the form of neuronal impulses of the driver's nervous system. The evaluation unit, identifies the human response to the action 8th Based on the acquired neural impulses from the nervous system of the human being and determines from it, which parts of the perceptual environment were perceived by the human and especially consciously seen. By analyzing activity patterns in the human nervous system, it is also possible to determine whether certain so-called textures, quality contrasts, colors, etc. of the spatial part or object have been perceived. This allows the establishment of a current perceptual card z. B. for one or more occupants of the vehicle, which is used to control other systems of the vehicle. A perception map is created in which the individual parts of the perceptual environment (eg vehicle exterior or parts of the cockpit) are assigned the information as to whether and how well the individual areas are perceived.

It is an automatic comparison between such detected Perception map and the parts of the perceptual environment that exist in the current driving situation (speed, type of road, others, e.g. B. automatically detected by an object detection system Road users) for a safe journey or are desired performed. From the spatial Distribution and temporal change of perception card is also a possible intention of the driver, z. B. perform a maneuver, calculated. The driver assistance systems Depending on the intention of the driver, the execution this intention or an automatic assistance to carry out to prepare the intention of the driver or to carry it out to secure. For example, a lane change assistant can be activated, when the intention of the driver is recognized to change the lane.

If the relevant room parts for the driving situation, or objects not or only insufficiently depicted in the perception card are, d. H. these are not sufficiently perceived, the Attention of the driver, z. B. by means of a light system of the vehicle z. B. in the direction of the object in addition radiated light or projected into the environment of the vehicle Symbols, influenced, so that people's attention with influenced by this light or symbol and in the direction of the object is steered.

8th shows the vehicle 6 with the WFBV 7 and an object recognition unit 10 , In front of the vehicle 6 there is an object 9 which by an action 8f is charged. The object recognition unit 10 of the vehicle 6 recognizes in the environment of the vehicle 6 the relevant object for the further course of the driving situation 9 , The WFBV 7 projects an optical effect 8f in the form of a light pattern, which is optionally additionally modulated with a short pulse sequence on, a roadway in the direction of the object 9 ,

The detection device acquires the information from the human information system in the form of neuronal impulses of the driver's nervous system. The evaluation unit analyzes the neural impulses for the presence of the reaction to the effect reflected from the surroundings of the vehicle 8f in the detected neural impulses. In an identified reaction, it can be concluded that the driver is the object 9 able to see.

In addition, the identified reaction is checked to see if at least one spatial frequency in the radiated optical action 8f was contained in the response to the corresponding stimulus from the action 8f is present and how strongly pronounced or changed it penetrates into the information system of humans. A ratio between the response to the amplitude and / or one or more spatial frequencies in the identified reaction can be determined and further processed for evaluating the perception. Is z. B. determine the effect of the amplitude by the impulse responses to the impact, while in particular the high spatial frequencies are greatly attenuated or not detectable, it suggests that the line of sight, although to the perception of a by the action 8f However, the accommodation of the eyes is insufficient for the reliable detection of the objects in this part of the room. When evaluating the identified response to several Orstfrequenzen can thus be distinguished whether the driver's eyes on nearby objects, on the head-up display or on the infinite distance are accommodated.

This can be observed in activity patterns of the brain areas, since the processing of, in particular high spatial frequencies, triggers measurable activity processes. In particular, the degree of penetration of the reaction or sites of the nervous system at which the reaction is detectable is analyzed. From this, the evaluation unit determines whether the eyes of the driver on the object 9 were sufficiently accommodated. If the eyes are not adequately accommodated, high spatial frequencies of the light pattern are imperceptible. In this case, it is automatically concluded that the driver, the object 9 (the pedestrian) with high probability could not recognize as such. By an automatic warning and / or the automatic intervention of the safety systems or driver assistance systems, a resulting danger situation can be avoided.

The The system according to the invention can be used by humans perceived dangerous situation a signal, in particular a wireless transmitted Signal z. B. to other persons or infrastructure devices send. The signal can also contain additional information, especially those directly related to the perceived perception include. The signal can z. For example, the current coordinates, a Classification of perceived perception and / or danger situation etc. include.

The inventive system can at least partially be designed together with a mobile phone or in one Mobile phone to be installed. The automatically detected danger situation can automatically sent by means of the resceiver of the mobile phone become. Also, the invention recognized operating desire of humans can be to provide a wireless signal with certain To send information. Sending the information from a vehicle according to the invention can, for. B. by means the vehicle transceiver known per se from mobile communications.

Further can by tapping preprocessed information of muscle-nerve impulses the determination of the current spatial position of the body parts z. B. Hand position and / or tension of certain muscles or muscle groups respectively. Thus, the body position z. B. the occupant recognized the vehicle and taken into account in the control of a vehicle become.

Of Further, by tapping pre-processed information, z. B. skin nerves, information about it whether human beings - subjectively - are too cold or too warm. The latter can even by analyzing the condition the skin pores and / or the adjacent nerves are made. Thus opened the possibility that even things that z. B. due oversight of the information system or be displaced in certain cases, but still be automatically registered.

These obtained information can z. B. in the automatic Control of the machine, z. In a driver assistance system.

A According to the invention obtained vehicle control the perception of humans and / or the control of a machine can also only as a "preliminary ruling" to Control of at least one system of the machine can be used. This can, for. B. serve that the machine itself on the recording an expected - also conventionally executed - operating action or execution of a most likely following Action automatically prepared.

Advantageous is that thus an interpretation of complex perceptions or Operating decisions by means of easily distinguishable neural Impulses and / or hormonal impulses and / or metabolic processes in the nervous system of man is possible. Furthermore the system according to the invention can control a machine, especially those that do not require muscle movement, with increased reliability and / or speed over the prior art allow.

The Previous description of the present invention uses technical means currently available or feasible are, however, not limited to these.

Further It is advantageous, alternatively or additionally, the information from other parts of the human information system and these according to the principle of operation of the invention for detection to use the perception and / or operation of a machine. Especially It is well known that the information that the current constitution and emotions of a person as well as the People unconsciously known information but also the perceived ones Among other things, stimuli are reflected in his so-called biofield.

To the Information system of humans in the sense of this invention counts also the information of the biofield of humans, in particular muscular and organic Bioenergetics, the information field of the intercellular basic vegetative system and the radiation fields of the central nervous system as well as the information transmitted by the so-called microtubule cells becomes.

The Acquisition of information from the human biofield and / or his change, z. B. depending on stimuli, in particular with the methods of radionics or bioelectrography and / or as scanning by means of high-frequency alternating currents higher Tension in the vicinity of the body, especially as a scanning electrical discharge currents, z. As deadline scanning, be designed.

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list The documents listed by the applicant have been automated generated and is solely for better information recorded by the reader. The list is not part of the German Patent or utility model application. The DPMA takes over no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• - DE 102006050547 [0082]

Claims (62)

System for controlling a machine, comprising a Detection unit, which is formed, a preprocessed information which are perceived by a sensory organ of at least one human being has been, especially as neural impulses and / or hormonal Signals and / or metabolic processes in the nervous system, capture, an evaluation unit that is designed at least one operating decision from the acquired preprocessed information to derive control of the machine. System according to claim 1, characterized in that the Detection unit is formed, a processed information from an information system of at least one person, in particular as neuronal impulses and / or hormonal signals and / or metabolic processes in the nervous system, to capture, and formed the evaluation unit is at least one interpreted from the collected processed information Derive operator decision to control the machine. System according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the detection unit is designed the processed and / or preprocessed information of at least to detect two sense organs, wherein the evaluation unit trained is the captured processed and / or preprocessed information of at least two sensory organs to merge, at least to interpret an operating decision for the machine and / or at least one operator command issued by the human to make it plausible. System according to one of the preceding claims, further comprising a display device that is configured at least one human operator decision, in particular a regulatory decision with a spatial reference, display. System according to claim 4, characterized in that at least one operating decision via an evaluation an actuation of an operating element confirmed is and / or at least one operating decision by means of one of recorded information is verifiable. System according to one of the preceding claims, further comprising a perceptual environment influencing device, which is formed, an impact on a relevant part of a perceptual environment of the human being, being influenced by the perception environment a stimulus is triggered in a human sense organ or is changed, and wherein the evaluation unit is formed is a reaction of the human information system to the Identify exposure based on the information collected and / or to a perception of the relevant part of the perceptual environment close. The system of claim 6, further comprising a referencing unit, which is formed, by means of the identified reaction, the operating decision to interpret the human and / or a relationship between the human Making operator decision of the person and an environment. System according to one of claims 6 or 7, characterized characterized in that the action of the perceptual environment influencing device triggers a special sentence and / or a sequence of stimuli, which is perceptible by an exteroceptive feeling of the human being are. System according to one of claims 6 to 8, characterized in that the perceptual environment influencing device an optical element, in particular a windshield and / or includes glasses and / or contact lenses, wherein the optical element is formed, its optical properties, in particular its Transmission properties preferably locally to change to change the perception of the human being. System according to one of claims 6 to 9, characterized characterized in that the perceptual environment influencing device a lighting system comprises. System according to one of claims 6 to 10, characterized characterized in that the perceptual environment influencing device is designed to focus on various relevant parts of the perceptual environment, in particular to certain solid angles and / or objects and / or Parts of an object, with different actions and / or to different ones Time to influence. System according to one of claims 6 to 11, characterized characterized in that the perception environment influencing device generated influence modulated and / or with a recognition pattern is provided. System according to one of claims 6 to 12, characterized characterized in that the perceptual environment influencing device is designed to be on a display instrument and / or a control element and / or to act on a signal generator of the machine. System according to claim 6, characterized that the operating element and / or the display device and / or the perceptual environment influencing device as a unit, in particular as a projection device. System according to one of claims 6 to 14, characterized characterized in that the perceptual environment influencing device for transmitting data to an infrastructure device is formed outside the machine, the infrastructure device Impact on the relevant part of the perceptual environment. System according to one of claims 6 to 15, characterized characterized in that the perceptual environment influencing device is designed to attract human attention depending on the acquired perception and / or a recorded course of perception to influence. System according to one of claims 7 to 16, characterized characterized in that the referencing unit is designed a conscious awareness and / or awareness Operator's decision of an unconscious perceptions and / or unrecognized operator decision to distinguish. System according to claim 17, characterized in that that an unrecognized human emotion, in particular an unaccepted operating decision to execute an operation and / or in preparation for an operation the machine is taken into account. System according to one of claims 7 to 18, characterized characterized in that the referencing unit is designed a conscious concentration of man on one of the impact the perception environment influencing device triggered To recognize the stimulus. System according to one of claims 7 to 19, characterized characterized in that the referencing unit is designed by at least one reaction of the human to one by the Action of the perception environment influencing device triggered Stimulus a spatial relation to the execution of a Make operating decision. System according to one of claims 6 to 20, characterized characterized in that an automatically generated operating suggestion the machine as a by the action of the perception environment influencing device stimulus is transmitted to humans and by means of the concentration of man on a sensation of the stimulus selectable is. System according to one of claims 6 to 21, characterized characterized in that the action of the perceptual environment influencing device triggers a stimulus on its sensation and / or distinction the human is trained or trained. System according to one of claims 6 to 22, characterized characterized in that the evaluation unit is designed to the response to the stimulus based on regularity and / or frequency of the neural impulses and / or a To recognize distribution patterns of messenger substances. System according to one of the preceding claims, further comprising an object recognition device which is formed is to recognize a relevant object in the human environment. System according to one of claims 6 to 24, characterized characterized in that by comparing the reaction to the Stimulus created by the action of the perceptual environment influencing device is triggered, with another reaction to another Stimulus, triggered by the environment of humans, a quantitative Reference is made for a subjective perception. System according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the detection unit is designed neuronal impulses and / or hormonal signals of an equilibrium system of the human being. System according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a control loop at least one Actuator of the machine so regulates that one from the information system man's subjective perception of a particular perception serves as manipulated variable of the control loop. System according to claim 27, characterized that the particular perception through the action of the perceptual environment influencing device influenced in such a way, in order to in a given relationship to stand for the subjective sensation. System according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the detection unit is designed To collect information from at least two people, and the evaluation unit is formed from the acquired information of at least to close two people on a common perception card. System according to one of claims 6 to 29, characterized in that the evaluation unit is designed to combine the detected in the information system responses of at least two sensory organs to a specific action and to conclude from the perception. The system of any one of claims 6 to 30, further comprising a fusion device, which is formed, a data processing technology Fusion of perception and / or perception card with data from an automatic environment sensing. A vehicle comprising a system for controlling a vehicle Machine according to one of the preceding claims. A method of controlling a machine comprising the steps - Detecting a preprocessed information which are perceived by a sensory organ of at least one human being has been, especially as neural impulses and / or hormonal Signals and / or metabolic processes in the nervous system, - Derive at least one operating decision to control the machine the acquired preprocessed information. Method according to claim 33, characterized that A processed information from an information system at least one person, in particular as neural impulses and / or hormonal signals and / or metabolic processes in the nervous system, is detected, and - from the recorded processed Information at least one interpreted operator decision of man is derived to control the machine. Method according to one of claims 33 or 34, characterized in that the processed and / or preprocessed Information is collected from at least two sensory organs, the captured processed and / or preprocessed information be fused by at least two sensory organs by at least to interpret an operating decision for the machine and / or to make plausible at least one operating command issued by humans. Method according to one of claims 33 to 35, characterized in that at least one operating decision of humans, in particular a regulatory decision with one spatial reference, is shown. Method according to claim 36, characterized that at least one operating decision via an evaluation confirmed an actuation of an operating element is and / or at least one operating decision by means of one of confirmed information is confirmed. Method according to one of claims 33 to 37, characterized in that by means of a perception environment influencing device a Influence on a relevant part of a perceptual environment of the human being, being affected by the impact on the perceptual environment a stimulus is triggered in a human sense organ or is changed, and being a reaction of the information system of the person on the action based on the information collected is identified and / or based on a perception of the relevant Part of the perception environment is closed. Method according to claim 38, characterized in that that by means of the identified reaction the operating decision of the human being is interpreted and / or a relation between the Operating decision of the person and an environment is established. Method according to one of claims 38 or 39, characterized in that the action of the perceptual environment influencing device triggers a special sentence and / or a sequence of stimuli, which are perceived by an exteroceptive perception of the human become. Method according to one of claims 38 to 40, characterized in that the perceptual environment influencing device an optical element, in particular a windshield and / or includes glasses and / or contact lenses, wherein the optical element its transmission properties and / or its optical properties changed the perception for humans to change. Method according to one of claims 38 to 41, characterized in that the perceptual environment influencing device to various relevant parts of the perceptual environment, in particular on certain solid angles and / or objects and / or parts of an object, with different ones Actions and / or acts at different times. Method according to one of claims 38 to 42, characterized in that that of the perception environment influencing device generated influence modulated and / or with a recognition pattern is provided. Method according to one of claims 38 to 43, characterized in that the Perceptual environment influencing device is designed to act on a display instrument and / or a control element and / or a signal generator of the machine. Method according to one of claims 38 to 44, characterized in that the perceptual environment influencing device transmit data to an infrastructure device outside the machine, the infrastructure device affecting the relevant Part of the perceptual environment. Method according to one of claims 38 to 45, characterized in that the perceptual environment influencing device comprises Attention of the person depending on the detected Perception and / or a detected perceptual history influenced. Method according to one of claims 39 to 46, characterized in that a consciousness become aware and / or become aware of an operator decision made by an unaware Perceptions and / or unaware of operator decisions a distinction is made. Method according to claim 47, characterized in that an as yet unaware movement of man, in particular an unaccepted operating decision to execute an operation and / or in preparation for an operation the machine is taken into account. Method according to one of claims 39 to 48, characterized in that a conscious concentration of the person to one of the action of the perceptual environment influencing device triggered stimulus is detected. Method according to one of claims 39 to 49, characterized in that, by means of at least one reaction of the People on one by the impact of perceptual environment influencing device triggered stimulus a spatial relation to the execution an operating decision is made. Method according to one of claims 38 to 50, characterized in that an automatically generated operating suggestion the machine as a by the action of the perception environment influencing device stimulus transmitted to humans and by means of the concentration of the human being on a sensation of the stimulus selected becomes. Method according to one of claims 38 to 51, characterized in that by the action of the perceptual environment influencing device a stimulus is triggered, on its sensation or distinction the human is trained or trained. Method according to one of claims 38 to 52, characterized in that the response to the stimulus based on the Regularity and / or frequency of neural impulses and / or a distribution pattern of messenger substances is recognized. A method according to any one of claims 33 to 53, characterized in that a relevant object in the environment of the human being is recognized. Method according to one of claims 38 to 54, characterized in that by comparing the reaction on the stimulus caused by the action of the perceptual environment influencing device is triggered, with another reaction to another Stimulus, triggered by the environment of humans, a quantitative Reference is made for a subjective perception. Method according to one of claims 38 to 55, characterized in that neural impulses and / or hormonal Signals of a human balance system are detected. Method according to one of claims 38 to 56, characterized in that a control loop at least one Actuator of the machine so regulates that one from the information system of People gained, subjective perception of a particular perception serves as manipulated variable of the control loop. Method according to claim 57, characterized that the particular sensation through the perceptual environment influencing device is such is influenced to be in a predetermined ratio to to be subjective. Method according to one of claims 33 to 58, characterized in that information of at least two people and from the information collected by at least two people closed on a common perception card becomes. Method according to one of claims 38 to 59, characterized in that the detected in the information system Responses of at least two sense organs to a particular one Be combined action and from it on the perception closed becomes. Method according to one of claims 38 to 60, characterized in that the Wahrneh tion and / or a perception map with data from an automatic environment sensing data processing technology to be merged. A method of controlling a vehicle, comprising A method according to any one of claims 33 to 61.