DE102008031345A1 - Evaluation unit i.e. encoder, for use in motor vehicle for evaluating of signals from rotary encoder, utilized in e.g. radio, has memory for storing of signals, where evaluation unit provides signals or portion of signals via bus-system - Google Patents

Abstract

The unit (104) has an input, via which the evaluation unit receives signals (102, 103), where a scaling is adjustable based on a rate of change of the signals. A memory (112) i.e. buffer, is provided for storing of the signals, where the evaluation unit provides signals or portion of the signals via a bus-system (110) i.e. Local interconnect network-bus system, via which a mater (111) is connected with the evaluation unit. A logic unit (109) is provided for processing of the signals, where signals or existence of the signals are indicated using a marker. An independent claim is also included for a method for processing of data.

Description

The The invention relates to an evaluation unit, a method for data processing as well as in the vehicle with said evaluation unit.

rotary encoder are known devices for data entry. A possible embodiment represents a rotary encoder without a fixed stop Rotary encoder generates at least one signal change. Usual turn encoders simultaneously provide two or more out of phase signals. For example, a rotary encoder comprises two mechanical switches, in an angle defined by means of a mechanism, like a rotary cam or a toothed wheel, are operated one after the other. It can individual pulses counted as well as the direction of rotation of the rotary encoder are determined.

A other embodiment for one Rotary encoder uses non-contact instead of mechanical switches Switch, z. B. magnetic disks in combination with Hall sensors.

One Such rotary encoder is z. B. in a car or in a variety of measuring devices or devices for end customers, z. B. in radios used.

at the evaluation of signals, for example, from a rotary encoder are delivered, the problem is that in many cases not all signal transitions of the Rotary encoder detected by a downstream processing unit can be and without appropriate action a part of the signals or signal changes delivered by the rotary encoder can get lost. This results in an inconsistent for a user Operating behavior of the rotary encoder.

in this connection It should be noted that the rotary encoder described above as a potential example for a machine serves, that of an evaluation unit and / or a processing unit Signals provides. Accordingly, other devices can be entered or other data providing units for similar problems.

The The object of the invention is the disadvantages mentioned above and, in particular, to create an approach that makes it possible to to detect incoming signals in an evaluation suitable or to process.

These Task becomes according to the characteristics the independent one claims solved. Further developments of the invention will become apparent from the dependent claims.

• – mit einem Eingang, über den die Auswerteeinheit Signale erhält;
• – mit einem Speicher zum Speichern der Signale, wobei die Auswerteeinheit die Signale oder Teile davon dem Bus-System bereit stellt.

To solve the problem, an evaluation unit is specified for communication via a bus system,

• - With an input via which the evaluation unit receives signals;
• - With a memory for storing the signals, wherein the evaluation unit provides the signals or parts thereof to the bus system.

in this connection It is advantageous that a fast Sequence of signals can be cached and thus ensured That is also a bus system with a slower processing speed as the speed of incoming signals or a bus system with a lower Data throughput is operated properly. In particular, the evaluation unit as an encoder or as a buffer unit between the incoming signals and the bus system switched.

• – eine Logikeinheit vorgesehen ist zur Verarbeitung der Signale,
• – wobei in dem Speicher die Signale und/oder die verarbeiteten Signale zumindest vorübergehend abspeicherbar sind
• – wobei die Auswerteeinheit die Signale oder Teile davon und/oder die verarbeiteten Signale oder Teile davon dem Bus-System bereit stellt.

One training is that

• A logic unit is provided for processing the signals,
• - Wherein the signals and / or the processed signals are at least temporarily stored in the memory
• - wherein the evaluation unit provides the signals or parts thereof and / or the processed signals or parts thereof to the bus system.

Consequently can based on the logic unit, the (input) signals to different Species are processed and cached if necessary. The processed so Signals can possibly together with the unprocessed signals via the bus system further Units available provided or transferred to this or be picked up by these.

A Another training is that a cumulative change several signals can be determined.

Especially can Signals for collected or accumulated over a given period of time and For this Period represented by a start and an end value. Possibly. can certain or all intermediate values are stored with. Preferably can only provide the cumulative change over the bus system become.

Especially It is a continuing education that cumulative change a number of signals or steps, and in particular a sign includes the signals or steps.

Also is it a training that signals from an input unit, in particular come from a rotary encoder.

Especially the input unit can be connected to the evaluation unit. The input unit can via one or over several lines of the evaluation provide the signals. For example may be a rotary encoder over Two lines transmit out of phase signals to the evaluation.

Further It is a development that the input unit at least one Button and / or at least one switch for range switching having.

Especially range switching may include a choice of scaling, a step, a resolution, a factor or multiplier.

The Range switching may be logarithmic in particular.

Especially can for range switching mechanical and / or electronic switches (or buttons) are used.

in the Framework of an additional Continuing education is based on a rate of change the signals can be scaled.

The Setting the scaling corresponds preferably to the above Range switching, ie a setting of the increment, the resolution or the factor or multiplier.

A next Continuing education is that a break or an interruption the incoming signals is bridged, by for the break or interruption or part of it further signals to be generated.

This is advantageous if a user engages with a rotary encoder and he by embracing for the Duration of the break does not turn the rotary encoder further. This break may be interpreted as a continued rotation, for example the evaluation unit is generated or simulated for the duration the break the appropriate signals.

A Embodiment is that in the memory concerning a history the signals can be stored.

The History of the signals can be correspondingly in excerpts or completely over the Bus system offered or forwarded. Based on the history Is it possible, a processing unit to communicate the information which led to the last signal to have. This can be for feedback to be important to a user, if this is an input unit quickly turns back and forth and as a result, no (or a minor) setting performs. In this case, the user is informed that the settings were noticed and led to the last signal or value.

A alternative embodiment is that signals or their existence with a mark are identifiable.

Especially can a so-called "flag" provided be that marks the signals or parts thereof. An advantage exists with a slow forwarding of incoming (processed) signals (or parts of it) about the Bus system.

A next refinement is that the signals provided to the bus system can be coded and / or can be expanded by a redundant information, so that an error detection is possible.

For example a GrayCode can be used for coding and / or one complement around NAND-linked Data is done.

Also It is an embodiment that transmits the signals through the bus system are.

A A further development is that the evaluation unit on the Bus system with one Master is connected.

Of the In particular, master serves as a unit processing the signals with regard to a for the user perceived or triggered by this function.

A additional Embodiment is that provided on request of the master signals become.

A Another embodiment is that a system time with the master is synchronized.

This can between the evaluation and the master z. B. by means of the Bus system exchanged data units or telegrams done.

A further embodiment is that the evaluation unit with the master ( 111 ) Exchanges data units or data telegrams with a configurable telegram format. In particular, the message format can be application-dependent and include, for example, a standard message.

Also is it a way that the bus system is a LIN bus system.

The The above object is further achieved by a motor vehicle comprising an evaluation unit as described herein.

• – bei dem Signale von einer Eingabeeinheit bereitgestellt werden;
• – bei dem die Signale zumindest teilweise abgespeichert werden;
• – bei dem die Signale zumindest teilweise verarbeitet werden;
• – bei dem die Signale und/oder die verarbeiten Signale zumindest teilweise über ein Bus-System ausgegeben werden.

The above object is also achieved by a method for processing data

• In which signals are provided by an input unit;
• - In which the signals are at least partially stored;
• In which the signals are at least partially processed;
• - In which the signals and / or the processed signals are output at least partially via a bus system.

It is a development that determines a cumulative change of several signals becomes.

Also It is another embodiment that uses a rate of change the signals are scaled.

Further It is a continuing education that has a break or a break the incoming signals is bridged, by for the break or interruption or part of it further signals to be generated.

in the Another development is related to a history the signals are stored and at least partially over the Bus system output.

A Embodiment is that signals or their existence with a Mark be marked.

Also It is a development that the signals are encoded and / or be provided with redundant information to error detection and / or to allow for error correction.

Further is it an embodiment that the signals or the processed Signals are transmitted on request of a master.

embodiments The invention will be illustrated below with reference to the drawing and explained.

It shows:

1 a scenario comprising a rotary encoder which transmits different signals to the evaluation unit, wherein the evaluation unit is coupled via an interface to a bus system and further to a master.

For example is subsequently assumed by a rotary encoder as a device that a Evaluation unit, z. As a universal encoder, signals supplies. It should be noted that any signal provides Device, Sensor, data system, bus, o. can be combined with the approach described herein.

1 shows a scenario comprising a rotary encoder 101 , the different signals 102 . 103 to the evaluation unit 104 transmitted. The evaluation unit 104 includes funds for debouncing 105 . 106 and carries the debounced signals 107 . 108 a logic unit 109 to. This logic unit 109 is via an interface with a bus system 110 , z. B. a LIN bus system coupled. About the bus system 110 become the of the logic unit 109 provided data to a master 111 transfer. The master 111 preferably acts as a processing unit, ie the master 111 causes the initiation or execution of predetermined action, which the user uses the rotary encoder 101 selects and / or initiates. In this respect serves in the evaluation unit 104 preferably as a kind of encoder, which should ensure that the signals 102 . 103 from the rotary encoder 101 via the bus system the master 111 to reach. This z. B. the master 111 the evaluation unit 104 at predetermined times prompt data from the rotary encoder 101 to provide. Alternatively, the evaluation unit 104 continuously or at certain times data from the rotary encoder 101 , possibly in preprocessed form, on the master 111 to transfer.

• (A) Abfrage der Signalanschlüsse des Drehencoders 101: Die Auswerteeinheit 104 erhält Rohdaten 102, 103 des Drehencoders und leitet diese beispielsweise über ein LIN-Bus-System 110 in Form von Telegrammsignalen weiter.

In order to be able to detect and / or process the incoming signals appropriately, a suitable mode is preferably to be selected. Accordingly, the modes may use several of the techniques described below, alone or in combination:

• (A) Query the signal terminals of the rotary encoder 101 : The evaluation unit 104 receives raw data 102 . 103 of the rotary encoder and forwards these, for example via a LIN bus system 110 in the form of telegram signals on.

The master 111 evaluates the telegram signals. By limiting the processing time of the bus system 110 can only make slow changes to the rotary encoder 101 recorded and forwarded.

By fast movements of the rotary encoder 101 will be a variety of signals in a short time 102 . 103 to the evaluation unit 104 directed. This variety of signals may be due to the limited processing speed of the bus system 110 not be routed directly from the bus system. In that regard, in the evaluation unit 104 incoming signals are at least partially not processed.

• (B) Alternativ können die von dem Drehencoder 101 gelieferten Signale 102, 103 in der Auswerteeinheit 104 verarbeitet und ausgewertete Daten bezüglich einer akkumulierten Veränderung an das Bus-System 110 übergeben werden.

Basically, the bus utilization is high by directly converting the incoming signals to the bus system. Preferably, only the minimum necessary information, eg. B. 2 bits for the normal, two-pole rotary encoder to the bus system.

• (B) Alternatively, those from the rotary encoder 101 supplied signals 102 . 103 in the evaluation unit 104 processed and evaluated data regarding an accumulated change to the bus system 110 be handed over.

• (C) Weiterhin können die Signale des Drehencoders 101 hinsichtlich einer Historie bewertet und so neben einem Anfangswert (z. B. ”0”) und einem Endwert dem Master 111 auch Zwischenwerte übermittelt werden.

For example, evaluates the evaluation 104 signals 102 . 103 of the rotary encoder 101 as a number of steps as well as the sign of the respective steps. Thus, a signed value (eg, as a byte) may be sent to the bus system 110 passed and thus a number space of z. Eg -127 can be transmitted via 0 to +127.

• (C) Furthermore, the signals of the rotary encoder 101 evaluated in terms of a history and so next to an initial value (eg "0") and a final value to the master 111 intermediate values are also transmitted.

For this purpose, preferably in the evaluation unit 104 a memory 112 (also: buffer, buffer) provided. Preferably, the memory 112 from the logic unit 109 to get managed; In particular, in the evaluation unit 104 incoming signals 102 . 103 at least partially and / or temporarily in the memory 112 be filed.

Furthermore, intermediate values or their existence by means of a mark (eg by means of a flag) be signaled.

This approach is advantageous when the query is made by the master 111 or via the bus system 110 relatively slow in relation to frequent changes of signals 102 . 103 is.

For example, a setpoint using the rotary encoder 101 be set. If a user turns the rotary encoder 101 from a virtual zero position to any value and (fast) back, the user receives no feedback z. On one of the master 111 controlled or managed display. So the user does not know if his operation of the rotary encoder 101 did anything at all.

If, however, an intermediate register for a (positive and / or negative) maximum value is used with a flag that indicates that in the meantime a change in the rotary encoder 101 has taken place, the master can 111 evaluate this information and present feedback to the user.

So can the rotary encoder 101 via the evaluation unit 104 as a slave on a LIN bus system 110 operate. The master 111 can query several slaves more or less regularly and evaluate the changes compared to the last setting and confirm the user in a suitable form.

• (D) Eine Verfeinerung der unter (A) beschriebenen Signalisierung umfasst neben der Übertragung der aktuellen von dem Drehencoder 101 gelieferten Signale 102, 103 auch eine Übertragung vorausgegangener Signale über das Bus-System 110.

Accordingly, it is possible that the memory 112 stores a multitude of intermediate values, which are stored in various ways in the evaluation unit 104 can be preprocessed. Such preprocessed or unprocessed values may be according to the master 111 over the bus system 110 be transmitted or by the master 111 (specifically) queried. Also, you can use multiple memory 112 be used. Furthermore, time information can also be stored for the detected signals (eg time stamps relating to the storage of one or more values in the memory 112 ).

• (D) A refinement of the signaling described under (A), in addition to the transmission of the current from the rotary encoder 101 supplied signals 102 . 103 also a transmission of previous signals via the bus system 110 ,

In this regard, the master 111 perform an evaluation of transmitted information using a GreyCode table. Thus, it is possible faulty or incomplete signaling in the master 111 to recognize.

A simplified implementation includes a reduction to the error detection and the transmission of the one detectable error bit for unauthorized state transitions of the rotary encoder 101 ,

A GreyCode table can be executed as follows: Previous values at a time point t _n-1 New values at a time t _n 00 01 10 11 00 0 + - F 01 - 0 F + 10 + F 0 - 11 F + 0

• 0 = keine Änderung
• + = Inkrement
• – = Dekrement
• F = fehlerhafter Übergang

Here are the individual values:

• 0 = no change
• + = Increment
• - = decrement
• F = faulty transition

• (E) Eine Weiterführung ist es, dass der Drehencoder 101 mit einem Schalter kombiniert wird, der eine Auswertung einer geänderten Schrittweite der einzelnen Impulse des Drehencoders 101 ermöglicht.

The above table illustrates a two-phase rotary encoder. The value tuple corresponds to the two signals 102 and 103 in 1 , Due to the coding, for example, the state transitions from "00" to "11", from "01" to "10", from "10" to "01" and from "11" to "00" are not permitted. If such a state transition is displayed at the master 111, this is a faulty transmission (see "F" according to the table).

• (E) A continuation is that the rotary encoder 101 is combined with a switch, which evaluates a changed step size of the individual pulses of the rotary encoder 101 allows.

For example, the rotary encoder 101 be combined with a button whose operation is a different increment of the rotary encoder 101 means delivered pulses. So if the button is pressed and the rotary encoder 101 rotated, so can the rotary encoder 101 supplied signals are interpreted with a different step size than when turning the rotary encoder 101 the button is not pressed. For example, a factor of 10 may be assumed as the difference between the step sizes, depending on whether the button when turning the rotary encoder 101 is pressed or not.

in this connection It should be noted that the button any button and / or switch combination may include. For example, instead of pressing the Tasters also a switch can be activated or a button once depressed and thereby a changed one Step size can be set or switched. Also, it is possible that a multiplicity of step widths by different push-button and / or switch mimics are adjustable.

For example can the extra Push-button and / or switch with the rotary encoder mechanically and / or be electronically coupled.

A mechanical coupling of the rotary encoder with a button can so accomplished be that the rotary encoder has a knob that with a combined with pull (or pressure) button or switch is. Is the rotary knob pulled out when the rotary encoder is rotated, a first increment is set as if the knob is not pulled out. Accordingly, rotary knobs are also possible, which in several (horizontal) stages, which can be activated by pulling or pressing or can be deactivated.

Preferably, a rotary knob adjustable in three horizontal axes may have different multipliers per rotation (and thus different pitches): In a home position, a multiplier of 10 may indicate that each rotary pulse of the knob has a pitch of 10, while in a depressed state the pitch 100 is and in an attracted state, the step size 1 is.

For example, such facial expressions in the rotary encoder 101 be realized and corresponding information as a function of a step size of the evaluation 104 be suitably signaled. It is also possible that the rotation information of the rotary encoder 101 as described above and separately the information concerning the step size or scaling to the evaluation unit 104 is transmitted.

• (F) Dieser Ansatz verfolgt eine ähnliche Zielsetzung wie der Ansatz unter (E), also dem Benutzer einen größeren Wertebereich für das Ausgangsignal mit wenigen Drehschritten bereitzustellen. Dies kann erreicht werden, indem eine Änderungsgeschwindigkeit der Signale 102, 103 des Drehencoders 101 zeitlich bewertet wird.

The evaluation unit preferably transmits the step size and the rotation information separately in a suitable format. Here, further combinations with the approaches described here for providing information or signaling via the bus system 110 be used.

• (F) This approach has a similar objective to the approach in (E), that is to provide the user with a larger range of values for the output signal with a few steps of rotation. This can be achieved by changing the rate of the signals 102 . 103 of the rotary encoder 101 is evaluated in time.

Consequently can be based on the operating speed performed by the user a step size or scale (eg normal, fine, especially fine).

For example, in the evaluation unit 104 only 1 signal per 100 ms detected, is the increment per signal of the rotary encoder 101 equal to 1; If 10 signals are detected within 100 ms, the step size of the output signal is increased by a factor of 10. For example, if more than 20 signals within 100 ms of the evaluation 104 detected, a factor 100 is used as a step size. Preferably, the respective factors may be used until the rate of the signals of the rotary encoder 101 falls below a certain value, z. B. to 0.7 of the switching threshold.

Preferably, according to the additional switch / button explained in (E), the rate of change itself may be regarded as a signal and via the bus system 110 from the evaluation unit 104 to the master 111 be transmitted. If one of the above-mentioned thresholds is reached, a signal can thus be output, for. For example, a bit can be set in a telegram.

Farther can according to the designs to (E) the individual switching factors an electrical and / or be associated with a mechanical switch.

The evaluation unit 104 can encode the output signal via the bus system such that the higher step size is transmitted instead of the plurality of individual signals. It is also possible, as described above, to determine an initial value and a final value per given time unit and (possibly enriched with additional intermediate values) from the evaluation unit 104 over the bus system 110 to the master 111 be transmitted.

The following table illustrates a possibility for switching over a scaling or a step size depending on a speed of the evaluation unit 104 incoming signals or pulses of the rotary encoder 101 : Number of signals supplied by the rotary encoder in 100 ms operating mode Setting increment or scaling to: Reset threshold for signals per 100 ms 0 ... 10 normal 1: 1 10 ... 20 Fast 1:10 <7 > 20 Rough 1: 100 <14

• (G) Weist beispielsweise der Drehencoder 101 einen relativ kleiner Drehknopf auf, der es dem Benutzer nicht erlaubt, den Wert kontinuierlich ohne Umgreifen zu verändern, so kann eine kurze Pause in der Bedienung des Drehencoders unterdrückt werden und dennoch eine im wesentlichen kontinuierliche Signalisierung weitergeführt bzw. simuliert werden.

Any mathematical (eg logarithmic) functions can be chosen for the ratio between the signals of the rotary encoder and the output values. The operation is intuitive, the user does not have to switch. In addition, no mechanical and / or electrical components for switching the step size or scaling are necessary for this approach.

• (G) Indicates, for example, the rotary encoder 101 a relatively small knob, which does not allow the user to change the value continuously without encompassing, so a short break in the operation of the rotary encoder can be suppressed and yet continue a substantially continuous signaling or simulated.

If z. B. from the evaluation of a rotary encoder 101 Having detected 32 steps per revolution, a sequence of 16 steps detected in a predetermined short time interval, so a short break can be easily ignored and a continuous continuation of the previous rate of the evaluation unit 104 received signals 102 . 103 be accepted. Accordingly, the evaluation unit can continuously change the output signal at the continued rate, the user has time during the pause and the possibility of intervening without his input being interrupted.

• – Ein Zeitintervall für die Auswertung: Wenn mindestens für die Dauer dieses Zeitintervalls Signale von dem Drehencoder geliefert werden, sollen diese auch für eine vorgegebene Pause (also für eine vorgegebene Zeitdauer) fortgesetzt werden;
• – eine Anzahl von Schritten, ab der die Pausenunterdrückung erfolgen soll;
• – eine Anzahl von Schritten, ab der eine Rückschaltung erfolgen soll;
• – ein Timeout mit dessen Erreichen die Pausenunterdrückung deaktiviert wird.

The following configuration parameters are required for this:

• A time interval for the evaluation: If signals are supplied by the rotary encoder for at least the duration of this time interval, these should also be continued for a predetermined pause (ie for a predefined period of time);
• A number of steps from which pause suppression should take place;
• A number of steps from which a downshift is to take place;
• - A timeout with which the pause suppression is deactivated.

• (H) Bei einem Einsatz des Drehencoders 101 in einem Master-Slave System, insbesondere im Zusammenhang mit einem LIN-Bus-System, erfolgt vorzugsweise die Auswertung und Codierung in der Auswerteeinheit 104 einfach und generisch ohne Vorgabe besonderer kundenspezifischer Maßgaben (z. B. Zeitintervalle, Schwellen).

This feature can be extended differently. For example, a further signaling during the break can be done according to a predetermined function, eg. B. as a decaying further signaling z. B. in the form of a negative parabola.

• (H) When using the rotary encoder 101 in a master-slave system, in particular in connection with a LIN bus system, the evaluation and coding in the evaluation unit preferably takes place 104 simple and generic without specification of special customer-specific requirements (eg time intervals, thresholds).

• (I) Der Ansatz gemäß (A) kann um redundante Information ergänzt werden.

It is advantageous that all important and required parameters of the master 111 are controlled from or stored there. In this case, the evaluation unit 104 generic for different configurations and profiles and in conjunction with varying masters 111 can be used and not set to a specific function.

• (I) The approach according to (A) can be supplemented by redundant information.

This can be taken into account that signals are not from a continuous sequence of Signalpe (eg: 00, 11, 000, 111).

For this can be a shortcut be used by logic gates. Alternative is / are a simultaneous transmission each of the inverted values and / or an extension of one Parity mechanism possible.

• (J) Bei Verwendung eines LIN-Bus-Systems werden in den LIN-Slaves (also als Auswerteeinheit 104) vielfach keine genauen Oszillatoren verwendet. Daher ist eine gemeinsame Zeitbasis zwischen Master und Slave für die zeitliche Bewertung und Auswertung der Signale ungenau oder nicht vorhanden.

The following table shows one way of generating signal sequences other than "000" and "111" based on the signals S1 and S2 by means of an added NAND signal. S1 S2 NAN D Bit sequence: S1; S2; NAND 0 0 1 001 0 1 1 011 1 0 1 100 1 1 0 110

• (J) When using a LIN bus system, in the LIN slaves (ie as an evaluation unit 104 ) often no precise oscillators used. Therefore, a common time base between master and slave for the temporal evaluation and evaluation of the signals is inaccurate or not available.

In this regard, it is an advantage that the master 111 controlled time sequence of the telegrams is set either directly or indirectly to a common time base of the master 111 with the evaluation unit 104 (or with a variety of such evaluation) to generate or maintain.

This can preferably by means of over the LIN bus system exchanged data units or telegrams will be realized.

For direct evaluation either special LIN telegrams from the master can be used 111 are sent, which transmit a time base to the slaves (or the evaluation units). For this purpose, a value for a system time valid in the LIN network can be transmitted in a defined field or telegram. In this case, preferably a time-controlled controlled transmission of the telegram is to be considered. The telegram content indicating the system time can be used, for example, for an adjustment or a plausibility check.

For the indirect Evaluation can all Telegrams are used in the system network of master and slaves especially if the sending of the telegrams after one defined scheme, eg. B. at certain times of a time grid, he follows. The slave determines its own, inaccurate time base locally and represents the time base with all received telegrams to a value corresponding to the time frame. In this case it is not necessary to send a telegram at each time of the time grid, However, it is preferable to ensure that a deviation between the local time in the slave and the one received Telegrams associated time in the slave a unique interpretation and Setting the system time allows or that the absolute deviations are not relevant, but Only relative time information is used and considered in the telegrams become.

• (K) Die beschriebenen Ansätze zur Erfassung von Signalen des Drehencoders 101 sind nicht auf Bedienelemente beschränkt, sondern auch auf andere Signale, z. B. Signale, die von einer Positionserfassung von Antrieben stammen, anwendbar.
• (L) Für reale Anwendungen gibt es unterschiedliche Anforderungen, wobei vorzugsweise bestimmte Anwendungen konfigurierbar ausgeführt sein können.

The optimization of time tracking can be helpful for many functions within such systems. For example, the time recording is also for the rotary encoder 101 or for the turning of the 101 supplied signals 102 . 103 important, z. B. to evaluate the rate of change.

• (K) The approaches described for detecting signals of the rotary encoder 101 are not limited to controls, but also to other signals, eg. B. signals that come from a position detection of drives applicable.
• (L) For real applications, there are different requirements, and preferably, certain applications may be configurable.

Thus, it is possible efficiently to combine individual basic configurations in the form of modes. Such mode information can be the evaluation unit 104 stamped and / or communicated, for. B. from the master 111 by means of predetermined input / output interfaces, via telegrams of a bus system and / or by programming non-volatile memory within the production cycle, eg. B. in the context of an end-of-line programming.

For a safe evaluation of the messages of the evaluation unit 104 in the master 111 are in front preferably in the evaluation unit 104 set or deposited mode information from the master 111 readable or interrogatable executed.

The following table shows examples of the modes 0 to 3 with corresponding meanings. mode presentation importance 0 00 Only signal and other status values of the rotary encoder (default mode) 1 01 Signal values -127 ... 0 ... + 128 transmitted 2 10 Signal: current value -8 ... 0 ... + 8; History -8 ... 0 ... + 8 3 11 Signal: current value -127 ... 0 ... + 127; History -127 ... 0 ... + 127

In the following, exemplary status telegram structures are used for transmitting the signals of the rotary encoder 101 over the bus system 110 shown.

A byte 0 of the status telegram can be encoded as follows: Byte 0 Signal description Please refer: Bit 0 Bit 1 Rotary encoder signal 102 Rotary encoder signal 103 Inputs of the evaluation unit (A) and others Bit 2 check value NAND link in the evaluation unit (I) Bit 3 error Gray code evaluation (D) Bit 4 bit 5 Additional switch 1 Optional: add. Switch 2 evaluation: factor switching Discrete switch on the rotary encoder; Evaluation of the rate of change in the evaluation unit (E) (F) Bit 6 bit 7 mode Input / output to / from the evaluation unit; Configuration of the evaluation unit by means of EEPROM or Conf. Register (L)

In the mode 0 ("no Counter ") can Byte 1 and byte 2 according to case (A) each not used (i.e., byte 1 and byte 2 are respectively with 0 × FF busy).

In mode 1 ("simple counter"), byte 1 according to case (B) can be used as follows: Byte 1 Signal description Please refer: Bit 0 sign (B) Bits 1-7 Number of steps (B)

The Byte 2 is not used in mode 1 and, for example, occupied by 0 × FF.

In the mode 2 ("counter with history, 4 bits"), byte 1 and byte 2 can be used as follows in the above cases (B) and (C) as follows: Byte 1 Signal description Please refer: Bit 0 Sign, currently (B) Bits 1-3 Number of steps, currently (B) Bit 4-7 Bit 4-7 not used (assigned with 0 × F) Byte 2 Signal description Please refer: Bit 0 Sign, history (C) Bits 1-3 Number of steps, history (C) Bit 4-7 Bit 4-7 not used (assigned with 0 × F)

In the mode 3 ("counter with history, 8 bits"), byte 1 and byte 2 according to the above cases (B) and (C) can be used as follows: Byte 1 Signal description Please refer: Bit 0 Sign, currently (B) Bits 1-7 Number of steps, currently (B) Byte 2 Signal description Please refer: Bit 0 Sign, history (C) Bits 1-7 Number of steps, history (C)

• (M) Bei der Auswertung der Signale des Drehencoders 101 für Anwendungen in denen die Stellung des Drehencoders direkt einer Ausgabeposition oder einem Zahlenwert zugeordnet wird, können einzelne Signalverluste kompensiert werden, indem es für jeden Ausgabewert eine dedizierte Signalisierung durch den Drehencoder gibt. Da die Schrittfolge eine feste, unveränderliche Folge darstellt, lässt sich durch eine Rückrechnung und anhand eines Vergleichs mit den vorliegenden Signalzuständen ein falscher Ausgabewert in einem gewissen Umfang korrigieren.

Alternatively, byte 0 of the status telegram can be encoded as follows if the "signed integer" data type is not used: Byte 0 Signal description Please refer: Bit 1 bit 0 Rotary encoder signal 103 Rotary encoder signal 102 Inputs of the evaluation unit (A) and others Bit 2 check value NAND link in the evaluation unit (I) Bit 3 error Gray code evaluation (D) Bit 4 bit 5 Additional switch 1 Optional: Additional switch 2 Evaluation factor changeover Discrete switch on the rotary encoder; Evaluation of the rate of change in the evaluation unit (E) (F) Bit 6 bit 7 mode Input / output to / from the evaluation unit; Configuration of the evaluation unit by means of EEPROM or configuration register (L)

• (M) When evaluating the signals of the rotary encoder 101 For applications in which the position of the rotary encoder is assigned directly to an output position or a numerical value, individual signal losses can be compensated by giving dedicated signaling by the rotary encoder for each output value. Since the sequence of steps represents a fixed, immutable sequence, it is possible to correct a wrong output value to a certain extent by recalculation and by comparison with the present signal states.

The following is a code snippet for detecting the position of a 2-pole rotary encoder with four pulses per revolution:

Claims (28)

Evaluation unit ( 104 ) for communication via a bus system ( 110 ), - with an input through which the evaluation unit ( 104 ) Signals ( 102 . 103 ) receives; - with a memory ( 112 ) for storing the signals ( 102 . 103 ), whereby the evaluation unit ( 104 ) the signals or parts thereof to the bus system ( 110 ). Evaluation unit ( 104 ) according to claim 1, - in which a logic unit ( 109 ) is provided for processing the signals ( 102 . 103 ), - wherein in the memory ( 112 ) the signals ( 102 . 103 ) and / or the processed signals are at least temporarily storable - wherein the evaluation unit ( 104 ) the signals or parts thereof and / or the processed signals or parts thereof to the bus system ( 110 ). Evaluation unit ( 104 ) according to one of the preceding claims, in which a cumulative change of several signals ( 102 . 103 ) can be determined. Evaluation unit ( 104 ) according to claim 3, wherein the cumulative change comprises a number of signals or steps and in particular a sign of the signals or steps. Evaluation unit ( 104 ) according to one of the preceding claims, in which the signals ( 102 . 103 ) from an input unit, in particular from a rotary encoder ( 101 ) come. Evaluation unit ( 104 ) according to claim 5, wherein the input unit at least one button and / or has at least one switch for range switching. Evaluation unit ( 104 ) according to one of the preceding claims, in which, based on a rate of change of the signals ( 102 . 103 ) a scaling is adjustable. Evaluation unit ( 104 ) according to one of the preceding claims, which includes a pause or an interruption of the incoming signals ( 102 . 103 ) are bridged by further signals can be generated for the break or interruption or a part thereof. Evaluation unit ( 104 ) according to one of the preceding claims, in which in the memory ( 112 ) a history concerning the signals ( 102 . 103 ) is storable. Evaluation unit ( 104 ) according to one of the preceding claims, in which signals or their existence are marked with a marking. Evaluation unit ( 104 ) according to one of the preceding claims, in which the bus system ( 110 ) provided signals are coded, so that an error detection is possible. Evaluation unit ( 104 ) according to one of the preceding claims, in which the bus system ( 110 ) provided signals can be supplemented by redundant information, so that an error detection is possible. Evaluation unit ( 104 ) according to one of the preceding claims, in which the signals ( 102 . 103 ) via the bus system ( 110 ) are transferable. Evaluation unit ( 104 ) according to one of the preceding claims, which is accessible via the bus system ( 110 ) with a master ( 111 ) connected is. Evaluation unit ( 104 ) according to claim 14, wherein at the request of the master ( 111 ) the signals ( 102 . 103 ) are available. Evaluation unit ( 104 ) according to one of claims 14 or 15, in which a system time can be synchronized with the master. Evaluation unit ( 104 ) according to one of claims 14 to 16, wherein the evaluation unit ( 104 ) with the master ( 111 ) Exchanges data units or data telegrams with a configurable telegram format. Evaluation unit ( 104 ) according to claim 17, wherein the telegram format is application-dependent and wherein the telegram format comprises in particular a standard telegram. Evaluation unit ( 104 ) according to one of the preceding claims, in which the bus system ( 110 ) is a LIN bus system. Motor vehicle with an evaluation unit according to a the claims 1 to 19. Method for processing data - in which signals ( 102 . 103 ) are provided by an input unit; - in which the signals ( 102 . 103 ) are at least partially stored; - in which the signals ( 102 . 103 ) are at least partially processed; - in which the signals ( 102 . 103 ) and / or the processed signals are at least partially output via a bus system. Method according to Claim 21, in which a cumulative change of a plurality of signals ( 102 . 103 ) is determined. Method according to one of Claims 21 or 22, in which, based on a rate of change of the signals ( 102 . 103 ) a scaling is set. Method according to one of Claims 21 to 23, in which a pause or interruption of the incoming signals ( 102 . 103 ) is bridged by, for the break or interruption or a part thereof additional signals are generated. Method according to one of Claims 21 to 24, in which a history concerning the signals ( 102 . 103 ) is stored and at least partially output via the bus system. Method according to one of Claims 21 to 25, in which signals or whose existence is marked with a marker. Method according to one of Claims 21 to 26, in which the signals ( 102 . 103 ) and / or provided with redundant information to enable error detection and / or error correction. Method according to one of Claims 21 to 27, in which the signals ( 102 . 103 ) or the processed signals are transmitted on request of a master.