DE102008023364A1 - Doors e.g. for safety for fixed spatial units such as apartments, offices, container, has inner kernel panel having several layers, and foam layer and two sides which are attached to two fittings - Google Patents

Abstract

The doors has an inner kernel panel (5) having several layers, and a foam layer and two sides (6) which are attached to two fittings (1, 2). The form piece (1) has a lock box (13) arranged in the inner panel and having a honeycomb structure and which is covered by the sides. The foam layer is made with rigid polyurethane foam. The foam layer is expanded polystyrene.

Description

The The invention relates to a door, in particular safety door, for fixed room units.

At Doors, especially external doors, are as needed, different, but always larger, Requirements made. So doors should be higher have mechanical strength, which allows penetration into the behind lying space is difficult. Furthermore, doors should, je as required, higher thermal insulation, soundproofing and resistance to fire, these different requirements are technically contradictory Represent conditions.

To increase the mechanical resistance is from the DE 297 19 463 U1 a door is known which has a steel grid inside the same, which on the one hand substantially complicates the mechanical destruction of the door and on the other hand, the weight of the door should be kept within limits.

From the WO 86/04108 For example, a security door is known which has a hollow steel frame carrying aluminum plates. In the cavity formed by the two aluminum plates, an insulating compound is arranged. In the steel frame, a closure member is further provided. Despite the aluminum sheet metal plates, there is a door construction that has a particularly high weight and thus particularly high demands on the door frame, in particular the attachment of the same in a masonry, provides.

From the CH 691 497 A5 a door is known which is a door leaf element, for. B. tubular chip board, which are bounded by two since Liche liners, which in turn are covered by wood laths. One of the liners has a fold.

The inner liner and the tube chipboard are in turn Covered on both sides with a hardboard on the inside the door carries a decorative layer. On the outside The door is a multi-layer with two glass fiber reinforced Plastic plates provided, between which provided a filling layer is. The multi-layer should optionally lock and bands cover. Because of this multilayer coating on the outside a door is arranged, it can be easily removed which requires a door of conventional design, which then ensures no security. So can fast and simply manipulated on the lock and the straps, to remove the door. Also is a shot safety after removal of the multilayer coating is no longer given.

For the door according to the invention is the object asked to create a door that was a pleasing Appearance, a particularly low weight and high thermal insulation having. Furthermore, the door is a high security against Have burglaries.

The Door, especially security door, for fixed room units, z. Apartments, offices, containers, with a Innenkernpaneel, with several, in particular continuous, Layers, is constructed, a foam layer od. Like. Provided is, and at least two outer layers to at least two fittings from wood and / or wood imitations od. Like., Which the door limit, z. As a lipping and / or parts of a frame, the at least one with a door frame and / or door cooperating area, z. B. fold, rich, with at least a lock case, which pieces in a recess of the form is arranged and optionally bands, which at least partially arranged in one of the fittings and at least two cover plates, z. As hardboard, which has up to the and / or over the fittings (s) and on both sides the doors are essentially consists of that the fitting with the lock case inserted into the inner core panel ranges from the foam layer or honeycomb layer limited or terminated before this, and the lock box at least in the molding of at least one cover layer of the inner core panel, at least partially, is covered.

All Layers can be glued together.

Between Doors for fixed room units and mobile Room units consists of the essential difference that the doors for mobile room units under extreme conditions, in particular bulletproof, and since these doors are upholstered lower on doors for fixed room units dimensioned, they can per unit area have a greater weight.

Under Doors in the term according to the invention are Rotary, Tilt & Turn, Tilt, Slide, Double Doors and multi-leaf doors u. Like. To understand.

Traditionally Doors are made of wood. The fittings, the one Limit doors which, for example, have folds, with corresponding folds of door frames or more Doors should cooperate, in particular the traditional ones correspond to optical needs and therefore made of wood or Wood imitations od. Like. Exist. These fittings can be designed as a lipping or parts of a frame. The castle with lock box is at least partially in a recess of the Fitting arranged. The optionally provided Bands are also, u. at least partially, in one Shaped piece. Instead of ribbons can also rails for sliding doors or even shafts, on which the door is rotatable, be provided. The multi-layered Inner core panel has two cover layers, depending on the construction reach to or over the fittings (s) and are provided on both sides of the door. The door points two main surfaces, the interior of the room or the exterior of the room limit the door, whereas the other layers only a boundary against the frame or another Show door. Is the fitting with the Lock case in the inner core panel and is of foam layer or a layer in honeycomb structure or terminates before this, This is particularly effective against mechanical break-in acted as a mechanical break-in between the lock case and the foam layer or honeycomb layer substantially can be difficult. This is also reinforced as the lock case in the molding of at least one cover layer of the inner core panel, at least partially, is covered.

is the foam layer built up with rigid polyurethane foam, so can a particularly high compressive strength depending on the structure of the rigid polyurethane foam be achieved.

is the foam layer with foamed polystyrene, in particular expanded polystyrene, built up, so the Innenkernpaneel particularly simple, in particular to be made without risk of fire because it would only be necessary for the foamed to introduce polystyrene-forming mixture between the cover layers or the granules of unfoamed polystyrene between bring in the top layers and then expand the same.

has the Innenkernpaneel a plate-shaped metallic layer on, extending from one to another, preferably to this arranged substantially parallel one end, the door limiting molding extends, so can the resistance the door, u. zw. against violent breakthrough the door as well as the shelling security against lead bullets, especially increased.

extends itself a plate-shaped layer extending from one to to one of these arranged substantially parallel to the door limiting molding of the Innenkernpaneels up to a to this substantially parallel arranged the door limiting fitting made of fiber-reinforced plastic, especially glass fiber reinforced plastic, so can the Strength of the door against forced entry into one Space, the bulletproof at a relatively low weight the door can be easily obtained.

has the inner core panel at least one plate-shaped layer made of sound-absorbing material, so can the sound insulation the door can be increased particularly effective.

is at least one cover plate with glass fiber reinforced plastic built, so the strength of the door with simple Funds are increased, while also the shooting safety, the sound insulation and also the thermal insulation can be increased.

Is / are the plate-shaped cover layer (s) with hard polyvinyl chloride constructed, there is a layer which is resistant to mechanical effects, as with screwdrivers u. Like., Is particularly resistant, and a much lower specific gravity than metal od. Like. Has.

has the door too extreme on at least one Page on a decorative layer, so there is no significant increase in weight on, with the complacency of the door especially can be easily increased.

is a fire protection layer too far or below arranged the decorative layer, it can be particularly safe against a Fire attack to be taken into account as the underlying Layers are already protected from a fire attack. If the decorative layer is too extreme, then the Fire protection layer can be built particularly effective, since the optical Please do not pay attention.

In order to increase the fire safety of the door substantially, a coating may be provided which comprises a mixture forming a eutectic with at least two substances from the group Alkalialumini halogenides, alkali metal or alkaline earth metal sulfates, hydrogen sulfates, halides, aluminum hydroxides, aluminum halides, aluminum hydroxide halides and 40 wt .-% to 90 wt .-% of fillers and organic binders, especially thermosets having. Such a mixture is out AT 407 392 B it was surprising that it was a coating in a thickness of up to z. B. 5 mm has such a significant effect.

When Fillers for such a coating can Quartz, calcite, glass fibers or glass fiber mats or nonwovens provided be.

Point the shaped pieces on a spring range, in its thickness a transverse extent of the foam layer or honeycomb layer corresponds, if necessary, provided in this additional layers corresponds, so the fittings in particular be easily connected to the Innenkernpaneel, as the Connection only with the two outer layers and the foam the layer or layer has to be made in honeycomb structure.

Point the fittings a groove for receiving a, in particular on exposure to heat, expanding seal on, so can the penetration and penetration of hot gases from a room unit particularly easy to counteract the further room unit, wherein the expansion in heat a particularly good seal is achieved if necessary.

is the lock case on at least one side of the cover layer of the Covered inside core panel, so is a violent intrusion of a page in a simple way.

If the cover layer bears a layer of medium-density fiberboard, additional resistance to forced entry is ensured, with additional thermal insulation as well as additional sound insulation. Under a medium-density wood fiber board is one with a density of about 740 kg / m ³ to understand.

is at least in the Innenkernpaneel a recess provided in which a glass insert is arranged, so on the one hand security by recognition of persons seeking admission and thus on the other hand Counteracted against unwanted intrusion particularly easy be.

has the glass insert to extremely two at a distance from each other arranged glass panes, so can a corresponding thermal insulation as well as a security against violent intrusion can be achieved.

is the glass insert in the inner core panel, in particular with adhesive, inserted, so is a full-surface connection between the glass insert and the layers of the inner core panel ensured, with no adhesion by the bond must be provided.

A particularly secure fixation of the glass insert in the inner core panel is given when in the foam layer or layer in Honeycomb structure recesses, in particular grooves, are provided, in which also arranged the adhesive for the glass insert can be.

is the adhesive at least on a door outside with a metallic layer, in particular aluminum or the like, Covered, so is a particularly secure fixation of the glass insert guaranteed in the door.

in the The invention will be described below with reference to the drawings, which are a cross section through a door, and closer to the examples explained.

It demonstrate:

1 a cross section of a door at the height of the lock box and

2 a cross section of a door at the height of a window.

• A) 50 Gew.-% KHSO₄ + 30 Gew.-% Na₃AlF₆ + 20 Gew.-% CaCl₂
• B) 40 Gew.-% KHSO₄ + 40 Gew.-% Na₃AlF₆ + 10 Gew.-% CaCl₂ + 5 Gew.-% Al(OH)₃ + 5 Gew.-% Al₂(OH)₅Cl·3H₂O

besteht. Diese Schicht ist 1 mm stark.The door has profiles as fittings 1 . 2 made of hardwood. The fittings 1 . 2 are arranged on the long sides of the door and can od of wood imitations. Like. Exist. The fittings 1 and 2 have a feather area 3 on which of the thickness d of the foam layer 4.28 mm of Innenkernpaneels 5 or the distance of the cover layers 6 that z. B. graded corresponds. Between the cover layers 6 can connect to one or both fittings (s) 1.2 full profiles 4a be arranged, which increase the security against breakage but also the production safety during pressing during the production of the doors. The thickness d of the spring area 3 both fittings 1 . 2 corresponds to the distance of the cover layers 6 to each other, in turn, have a thickness of 2 mm or less and made of hard PVC. In the foam layer of extruded polystyrene (expanded polystyrene can also be used), polyurethane od. Like. Is another layer 8th made of aluminum. Furthermore, in the foam or a honeycomb structure, which can be used for all the doors according to the invention, two layers 9 with a thickness of 1.0 mm consisting of lead foils which reduce sound (only one layer is shown). The cover layer 6 of the inner core panel 5 carries cover plates 10 with a thickness of 6 mm from a medium density fiberboard. For all doors according to the invention, it is also possible to use HDF (high-density fiberboard) which has a density of about 950 kg / m ³ . These are in turn of a decorative layer 11 covered, under this is a fire protection coating 12 provided, consisting of a eutectic mixture of the two batch components A and B with 20 wt .-% quartz with a particle size of 1 micron

• A) 50% by weight KHSO ₄ + 30% by weight Na ₃ AlF ₆ + 20% by weight CaCl ₂
• B) 40% by weight KHSO ₄ + 40% by weight Na ₃ AlF ₆ + 10% by weight CaCl ₂ + 5% by weight Al (OH) ₃ + 5% by weight Al ₂ (OH) ₅ Cl · 3H ₂ O

consists. This layer is 1 mm thick.

So far the layers are not applied liquid, are the same glued together.

The lock box 13 is partially in the recess 14 in the fitting 1 ,

In the fitting 2 are ribbons 15 arranged. The fitting 1 has a fold 16 with a groove 7 for receiving a hose seal 17 on, which expands when exposed to heat. It can also be provided a multi-stage fold.

In the fold, especially on the side of the bands can flexible spacers 18 be provided, which additionally counteract the violent displacement of the door in the frame. These can also consist of individual pieces, which are connected to the fittings via screws, so that such a full-surface bonding is not required.

In 2 the cross-section through a door is shown, in the area of a glass insert. The glass insert 19 has two glass panes 20 on, by spacers 21 are kept at a distance from each other. The glass insert 19 lies within the cover layers 6 of the inner core panel 5 and is glued into the inner core panel, wherein in the foam layer 4 groove 22 are provided, which are filled with an adhesive, so that the glass insert 19 is particularly safe in Innenkernpaneel arranged. Above the top layer 6 The inner core panel is a metallic layer 23 provided covering the area of attachment of the glass insert in the Innenkernpaneel.

The Layers above, below and to the side of the glass insert point the glass insert corresponding recesses.

The Layers of Innenkernpaneels are all over each other bonded.

The Doors of different construction were made according to the following Austrian standards.

Burglar resistance dynamic load ÖNORM ENV-1629 :
A bumper with a total mass of 30 kg in a leather bag filled with sand acts on a door centrally. The impactor is fixed to a rope, the pendulum length being 1,500 mm and the drop height, measured from the center of gravity of the impactor, 1,200 mm.

Burglar resistance ÖNORM ENV-1630 manual check:

Resistance class 2:

Resistance time 3 minutes with the following manually operated tools: 1 screwdriver Total length 260 mm, blade width 10 mm 1 screwdriver Total length 375 mm, blade width 16 mm Wooden or plastic wedges Length 200 mm / width 80 mm / height 40 mm 1 water pump pliers Total length 240 mm.

Resistance class 3:

The door must withstand a manipulation of five minutes, in addition to that 1 cow foot Total length 710 mm 1 screwdriver Overall length 375 mm, blade width 16 mm be used.

Resistance class 4:

The door must have at least ten minutes of manual action of the above-mentioned tools as well 1 hammer Total length 300 mm, weight 1.25 kg 1 ax Total length 350 mm 1 bolt cutter Total length 460 mm 1 chisel Overall length 250 mm, blade width 30 mm 1 chisel Overall length 350, blade width 30 mm 1 hand saw Leaves HSS 1 miniature saw Leaves HSS 1 electric drill 320/160 W drill Max. 10 mm diameter; HSS shears right and left cutting; Total length 260 mm To offer resistance.

Resistance class 5:

The door must have at least fifteen minutes of manual action of the tools listed above, in addition, however 1 electric jigsaw 550/335 W, with saw blades 1 electric foxtail 900/520 W, with saw blades 1 extension tube Max. Length 500 mm 1 electric drill 600/310 W drill Max. 13 mm diameter; HSS / HM core drill Max. 50 mm diameter; HSS / HM 1 angle grinder 1000/575 W, discs Ø max. 125 mm To offer resistance.

Bullet resistance:

The bullet resistance is reduced EN 1522 determined, whereby the class FB1 determined by use of a rifle with 22 LR from ten meters.

Fire resistance test according to EN 1634-1 ; 2000 indicating the classification time according to 13.3.2.

Determination of the heat transfer properties in the stationary state according to EN ISO 8990 (EN 10077-01) ,

For sound insulation according to ÖNORM B-8115-2 is the difference of sound before and after the door certainly.

Measured is the airborne sound.

The climate classes were according to ÖNORM EN 1121 certainly.

Example 1:

A door, as specified in the description of the figures, with extruded polystyrene having a mass of 30 kg / m ³ without aluminum layer and without soundproofing layers and without fire protection coating, has the following values: Burglary: class 1 Thermal insulation: 0.97 Soundproofing: 27 DB. Climate class: 1

Example 2:

In addition to the door according to Example 1, a metallic layer of aluminum with a thickness of 5 mm is provided, whereby the burglar resistance on WK 5 could be increased. The remaining values were as follows: Burglary: Class 5 Thermal insulation: 1.1 Soundproofing: 33 DB.

Example 3:

It In addition, a soundproofing foil made of a lead foil was added with 4 mm thickness, as described in the figure description introduced. The soundproofing could be improved to 40 dB.

Example 4:

On the surface of the door became a fire protection coating applied according to the figure description. It this could increase the fire safety to T90 achieved, with the remaining values in essence were unchanged.

Example 5:

In a door, which had polyurethane resin substance with a mass of 50 kg / m ³ as a foam, which was otherwise constructed of that of Example 1, has increased the fire protection to at least T90:

Example 6:

A door according to Example 1, wherein, however, the cover plates were replaced medium density wood fiber boards by glass fiber reinforced polyester plates of the same thickness, had the following characteristics: Burglary: Class 3 Thermal insulation: 0.97 Soundproofing: 32 DB Climate class: Third

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list The documents listed by the applicant have been automated generated and is solely for better information recorded by the reader. The list is not part of the German Patent or utility model application. The DPMA takes over no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• - DE 29719463 U1 [0003]
• WO 86/04108 [0004]
• - CH 691497 A5 [0005]
• AT 407392 B [0022]

Cited non-patent literature

• - ÖNORM ENV-1629 [0046]
• - EN 1522 [0051]
• - EN 1634-1 [0052]
• - EN ISO 8990 (EN 10077-01) [0053]
• - ÖNORM B-8115-2 [0054]
• - ÖNORM EN 1121 [0056]

Claims (20)

Door, especially security door, for fixed room units, z. As apartments, offices, containers, with a Innenkernpaneel ( 5 ), which is constructed with several, in particular continuous, layers, a foam layer od. Like. Is provided, and at least two outer layers ( 6 ) to at least two fittings ( 1 . 2 ) made of wood and / or wooden imitations od. Like., Which limit the door, z. As a lipping and / or parts of a frame, the at least one cooperating with a door frame and / or door area, z. B. fold ( 16 ), with at least one lock case ( 13 ), which in a recess ( 14 ) of the fittings ( 1 ) and optionally bands ( 15 ), which at least partially in one of the fittings ( 1 . 2 ) are arranged and at least two cover plates ( 10 ), z. As hardboard, which up to and / or over the fittings (s) ( 1 . 2 ) and are provided on both sides of the door, characterized in that the shaped piece ( 1 ) with the lock case ( 13 ) inserted into the inner core panel ( 5 ), from the foam layer ( 4 ) or layer in honeycomb structure or terminates before this, and the lock case ( 13 ) at least in the fitting ( 1 ) of at least one cover layer ( 6 ) of the inner core panel ( 5 ), at least partially. Door according to claim 1, characterized in that the foam layer ( 4 ) is constructed with rigid polyurethane foam. Door according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the foam layer ( 4 ) is constructed with foamed polystyrene, in particular expanded polystyrene. Door according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that the inner core panel ( 5 ) a plate-shaped metallic layer ( 8th ), which extends from one to another to this substantially parallel arranged the door bounding fittings and / or covering. Door according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the inner core panel ( 5 ) a plate-shaped layer ( 8th ), which extend from one to a substantially parallel to this arranged the door limiting fittings ( 1 . 2 ), which is constructed with fiber-reinforced plastic, in particular glass fiber reinforced plastic. Door according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the inner core panel ( 5 ) at least one plate-shaped layer ( 9 ) made of sound-absorbing material, eg. B. heavy metal having. Door according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that at least one of the cover plates ( 11 ) is constructed with glass fiber reinforced plastic. Door according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the cover layer (s) ( 6 ) is / are constructed with Hartpolyvinylchrorid. Door according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the door to extremely on at least one side of a decorative layer ( 11 ) having. Door according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that a fire protection layer ( 12 ) to extreme or between an outermost layer, e.g. B. the decorative layer ( 11 ) and the cover layer ( 6 ) is arranged. Door according to one of the claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the door has at least one fire protection coating ( 12 ) with a eutectic forming mixture with at least two substances from the group alkali aluminum halides, alkali or alkaline earth sulfates, hydrogen sulfates, halides, aluminum hydroxides, aluminum halides, aluminum hydroxide halides and 40 wt .-% to 90 wt .-% fillers and organic Binder, in particular thermosets, has. Door according to claim 11, characterized in that that the fillers of quartz, calcite, glass fibers or Glass fiber mats or fleeces exist. Door according to one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the shaped pieces ( 1 . 2 ) a spring area ( 3 ) having in its thickness a transverse extent of the foam layer ( 4 ) or layer in honeycomb structure, optionally with in this provided further layer corresponds. Door according to one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that the shaped pieces ( 1 . 2 ) a groove ( 7 ) for receiving a, in particular by the action of heat, expanding seal ( 17 ) exhibit. Door according to one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that the cover layer ( 6 ) a cover plate ( 10 ) carries from one, in particular medium-density, wood fiber board. Door according to one of claims 1 to 15, characterized in that in the inner core panel ( 5 ) is provided a recess in which a glass insert ( 19 ) is arranged. Door according to one of claims 1 to 16, characterized in that the glass insert ( 19 ), in particular to extremely, two spaced apart glass sheets ( 20 ) having. Door according to claim 15, 16 or 17, characterized in that the glass insert ( 19 ) in the inner core panel ( 5 ), in particular with adhesive. Door according to claim 18, characterized in that in the foam layer ( 4 ) or the layer in honeycomb structure of the inner core panel ( 5 ) Recesses, in particular grooves ( 22 ) are provided, in which also the adhesive for the glass insert is arranged. Door according to claim 18 or 19, characterized in that the adhesive for the glass insert ( 19 ), at least in part, according to at least one outside of the door with a metallic layer ( 23 ), in particular of aluminum od. Like., Is covered.