DE102007045044A1 - Air-conditioner for use in high industrial hall, has coolant circuit with condenser and evaporator arranged in housing such that evaporator is effective in lower layer and condenser is effective in upper layer at operating condition - Google Patents

Abstract

The conditioner (10) has a coolant circuit with an evaporator for cooling a fluid and a condenser for warming up the fluid, where a coolant is moved in the coolant circuit. The condenser and the evaporator are arranged in a common housing such that the evaporator is thermally effective in a defined geodetic lower fluid layer (110) and the condenser is thermally effective in a defined geodetic upper fluid layer (120) at an operating condition. Fluid inlets (50, 60) of the fluid are provided in the upper fluid layer at the operating condition.

Description

The The invention relates to an air conditioner according to the preamble of claim 1.

For the ventilation of rooms, such as a high Industrial hall, various concepts are known. That's how you know the production of a room air flow by means of a turbulent Mixed ventilation or a so-called stratum ventilation. The air conditioning is carried out by conventional air or Ventilation systems. The problem is with the turbulent Blend ventilation that harmful and suspended solids easily in the Room air can be distributed. Therefore, z. B. in industrial halls a sufficient dilution of the room air necessary, what associated with correspondingly complex systems and high costs is. Although in the case of the layer ventilation by the typical Formation of stable air layers an entry of pollutants and suspended matter in the lower layer of air, which is the common area of people and equipment is avoided. This exploits that a thermal air flow the pollutants and suspended matter carries in a second, upper layer of air, from which they are discharged can be. Problematic with the layer ventilation however, is the low flexibility of the stratification ventilation, because the air supply into the lower air layer and the thermal loads in the space concerned both in their positioning as well be matched very closely in their sizing have to. Minor changes disturb already the desired air stratification. Furthermore, are fixed Internals such as air ducts necessary, which is a flexible Affect the use of the room.

in the Office area and for the air conditioning of living spaces one knows so-called "split air conditioners" with Chillers, where an evaporator in the room for room cooling is used while an associated capacitor placed outside the room to the condenser waste heat to be able to pay.

Such However, arrangements are for large rooms, especially halls, unsuitable.

From the DE 102 02 656 A1 an arrangement is known in which a cooling surface is arranged under a hall ceiling in a layer ventilation arrangement. Fresh air is injected at the bottom and waste heat is dissipated in the ceiling area.

task The invention is to provide an air conditioner, which is flexible to handle and also in large, in particular high spaces can be used economically.

The The object is solved by the features of claim 1. The other claims relate to advantageous embodiments the invention.

The Invention is based on an air conditioner with a coolant circuit, in which a coolant is moved, and an evaporator for cooling a fluid and a condenser for heating of the fluid.

It It is suggested that the condenser and the evaporator in one common housing are arranged that in the operating state the evaporator in a defined, geodetically lower first Fluid layer and the condenser in a defined, geodesic upper second fluid layer of a fluid layer thermally effective is. Preferably, the fluid is air. However, it is conceivable that too Other fluids can be treated accordingly.

Thereby, that in the operating state of the capacitor in the second fluid layer becomes effective, conveniently located there, can a load of the first fluid layer by waste heat of the capacitor be avoided. Appropriately, can an air outlet in the second layer of air associated with the condenser and an air inlet in the first layer of air associated with the evaporator be arranged. A disturbance of the separation of the fluid layers can be avoided. The evaporator can in the process be arranged first layer of air or at the height of the second fluid layer. Conveniently, capacitor and Evaporator in a duct inside the housing of the air conditioner arranged, but in the channel fluidly separated. Condenser and evaporator may conveniently over each other be arranged. As a result, the condenser and evaporator in different Air layers effective, d. H. heated by the condenser Fluid enters the upper air layer and is cooled by the evaporator Fluid enters the lower air layer. The advantageous layering A stratification ventilation can be exploited in the a sufficient amount of lower "clean" Fluid layer can be achieved while passing through the thermal flow via heat sources in the first fluid layer the separation of the lower from the upper Fluid layer can be stabilized. To stabilize the air stratification to hold, is advantageous due to the thermals flowing upwards Hot air replaced by cold supply air from the air conditioner. The arrangement in a common housing is above In addition, a very compact design with suitable fluid management in the air conditioner possible. Condenser and evaporator and an associated compressor for the coolant a common design as in the known split air conditioning units exhibit.

The capacitor can according to a favorable development of the invention geodetically upper half of the evaporator be arranged so that in the operating state of the evaporator in the defined, geodetically lower first fluid layer and the capacitor in the defined, geodetically upper second fluid layer of a fluid layering is arranged.

Advantageous can be provided axially consecutive from bottom to top: (1) a first outlet section, from which targeted fluid during operation exiting into a region of the first fluid layer, (2) a channel section for supplying the fluid from a first fluid inlet to the first exit section, (3) a second, from the first fluid entrance fluidly separated fluid inlet, via the fluid passes to the condenser and (4) a second exit section, from which the fluid is discharged into the second fluid layer. By Such a modular construction, the air conditioner can be flexible be handled and designed according to existing requirements become. So each section can be suitably adapted to the basic conditions. In the case of a faulty detected thermal flow is a simple retrofit possible. With the proposed Air conditioner can be made a flow state that of conventional stratification systems without being limited by their lack of flexibility to be. Characterized in that the first and the second fluid inlet fluidly are separated, the fluid to be supplied to the first outlet portion independent of the second exit section to be supplied Fluid content can be entered. This can be advantageous each one Be provided fan, such as an axial fan as a pipe fan. The fluid inlet into the second fluid inlet can also by free Convection. The fluid passing through this second fluid inlet enters the air conditioner cools conveniently the condenser of the coolant circuit. The first fluid inlet is suitably an unregulated or regulated Pipe fan assigned.

Prefers can in the operating state of the first exit section within the be provided first fluid layer. This allows specifically the fluid layering Supports and an undesirable turbulent flow of the fluid can be avoided. The first exit section can be advantageous be designed as a conventional layer ventilation outlet, so that standard components can be used.

can in the operating state of the first and the second fluid inlet of the fluid can be provided in the second fluid layer, a high proportion the fluid is returned to the first fluid layer, in particular a high proportion of recirculated air can be realized. Cheap, between the first fluid inlet and the evaporator and the second Fluid inlet and the capacitor to provide filter medium. these can at least one element from the group of pocket filters, filter mat, Knitted fabric, combination of coarse dust filter and fine dust filter.

The Fluid can z. B. filtered through the first exit section in the first fluid layer are dispensed. A feed channel network for fresh fluid in the first fluid layer, about one Supply air duct network, can be omitted. In industrial halls it is through possible to place a hall crane anywhere, without to have to take account of the Zuführkanalnetz. to Stabilization of the fluid stratification must be the fluid before the exit cooled in the first fluid layer by a few Kelvin, however, stable temperature conditions prevail in the room, so no big temperature differences, about one Supply of a large amount of outside air, occur. The cooling effort is therefore manageable and economical.

Around a minimum external air content in the first fluid layer to ensure conventional stratified air outlets with a conventional supply air conditioner with the preferred Air conditioner and other devices described here can be combined arbitrarily. Particularly advantageous is the arrangement the conventional stratified air outlets in the Area of the hall exterior walls or hall pillars, because then the supply air ducts necessary there the hall operation, about a crane, as little as possible. In the middle of the hall you can prefer one in this case or more preferred air conditioners according to the invention be used.

Advantageous can be in the operating state of the channel section in the range of a transition be provided between the first and second fluid layer. this makes possible a simple adaptation of the dimensions of the air conditioner to different room heights. The channel section can be reduced or enlarged accordingly, so that the second exit section safely in the upper, second Fluid layer can be arranged.

Advantageous the second outlet section can be transverse to a longitudinal extension of the air conditioner to be open at the top. In the area between the open end side of the second outlet portion and a overlying ceiling can z. B. a handling device attached to the ceiling, such as a hall crane, without to be disturbed by the air conditioner. A solid connection to the ceiling can be omitted.

If the second outlet section can be designed to deliver impulse-heated fluid from the condenser, the operation of the air-conditioning device can support the fluid stratification. The resulting loads and currents remain predictable and manageable. Advantageously, the second outlet section may have a diffuser section. Of the second outlet section can also be designed without a diffuser. The second outlet section may in particular be designed as a standard layer ventilation passage. It may alternatively or additionally be provided as a fluid passage filter. Thus, particulate matter present in the discharged fluid can be retained and the quality of the second fluid layer can be improved in this regard. However, it is also possible a free opening cross-section.

Downstream The first and / or second fluid input may be a filter unit be provided. This can also contaminated with suspended fluid taken from the second fluid layer and cleaned for aeration the first fluid layer can be used.

Advantageous At the first and / or second fluid inlet, an inflow grille be provided. The inflow grid can be used as a perforated plate or be designed as a slotted sheet. It is also conceivable, up to dispense with an inflow grille.

Between the evaporator and the first outlet portion may be provided a liquid separator be. The liquid separator may be a common one Be a droplet separator, preferably installed at an angle is because the fluid flows vertically. An advantage is one preferred liquid separator consisting of a spiral Rolled strip of material may be formed along one Longitudinal edge has a gutter. Trapped with the liquid separator Condensate, such as humidity, can be collected, eg. In a condensate tray, and a condensate collection tank, z. As condensed water, are passed, which are emptied manually can. Also conceivable is a condensate pump with automatic emptying. Another possibility is an evaporation of the Condensate, which is supplied in vapor form of the second fluid layer and can be removed there as well. It is also conceivable one Design without condensate collecting device.

to Ensuring adequate fluid quality in the The first fluid layer may have a filter device in the first outlet section be provided. Preferably, the filter device at least an element from the group of cartridge filters, solid-state filters, Filter mat, electrostatic filter, particle filter, perforated plate on.

Advantageous can be provided at the first outlet section a Ausströmgitter be, which is preferably formed for low-pulse delivery of the fluid can be. In particular, a conventional, low-pulse layer ventilation passage be provided.

Conveniently, can below the first exit section a strainer be provided.

By a tubular cross-section, the air conditioner have a very handy and compact design. A seperation the channel in a channel section in which the evaporator arranged is and one in which the capacitor is arranged leaves easy to manufacture in this simple geometry.

A Mobility facility to transport from a site to another can advantageously allow easy adjustment of the air conditioner. Thus, the air conditioner can be screwed with supports on the ground be and possibly be moved with a pallet truck. Conceivable are also roles that can be fixed and for transport of the air conditioner can be solved. As well is a sliding surface conceivable with the air conditioner can be moved. This is a simple adaptation to changed Framework conditions, such as a conversion of an industrial hall, a other hall layout and the like, possible.

The air conditioner requires only a power connection and can be favorably combined with one or more facade air conditioners and / or one or more conventional low-pulsation layer ventilation passages in the room, in particular in room walls or columns. In particular, a plurality of air conditioning units can be combined with each other to allow flexible air conditioning of a larger factory floor. The planning of such preferred air conditioning arrangements can make do without complex individual measurements of thermal and other currents on site. Rather, by moving one or more air conditioners in the room individual needs can be met. A reconciliation process may take place during the regulation of the one or more air conditioning units. To avoid cross-flow, the air conditioners should be positioned near the thermal sources. Thus, the thermal current can be locally replaced by the low-impulse circulating air. This is facilitated by the simple possibility of moving the air conditioner. If thermal air flows are underestimated in the planning phase, one or more air conditioning units can be re-ordered due to the modular nature of the system to stabilize the air stratification. This considerably reduces the planning risk compared to the known systems. The air conditioner can be offered as a modular system, staggered according to performance data, which further simplifies the planning process. The sizes of the individual air conditioners and their number and distribution could be selected by planners from catalogs with the help of tables and maps. For the air conditioning of an industrial hall is a sufficient number such air conditioners provided. Each air conditioner has the same internal structure, possibly with different thermal outputs and preferably only one power connection.

The preferred air conditioner allows easy Planning, even by non-specialized engineering firms the supply technology is easily mastered.

It can be used on modular standard components, so that a concept "off the shelf" is possible instead of an expensive individual concept for each one Hall layout. Likewise, a simple conversion option of old systems with turbulent mixing ventilation possible.

The Invention will become apparent from exemplary embodiments explained. This show in a schematic representation:

1 a schematic representation of a preferred air conditioner with circulating air share with a layer ventilation;

2 a detailed view of the preferred air conditioner from 1 ;

3a - 3c different views of a first preferred Kondensatabscheiders;

4a - 4c different views of a second preferred condensate.

In the figures are the same or equivalent elements with the same Numbered.

To illustrate the invention shows 1 a schematic representation of a preferred air conditioner 10 in a room with recirculated air part with a layer ventilation. The following is the air conditioner 10 when used with air as a fluid explained.

The space 100 , preferably a high industrial hall, has a geodetically lower, first layer of air 110 on top of that a second layer of air 120 is arranged, according to a usual air stratification. The two layers of air 110 . 120 are through a transition 130 separated. The upper air layer 120 has no significant influence on the lower layer of air 110 , The height of the first layer of air 110 is designed to be people, here as a heat source 150 as well as other heat sources 152 . 154 in the form of plants, such as manufacturing plants, within the first layer of air 110 are located. Warm air is taken from the first layer of air 110 by a thermal flow over the heat sources designed as systems 152 . 154 and optionally 150 in the second layer of air 120 carried upwards and there partly via an exhaust duct 170 that with exhaust air outlets 172 . 174 to the ceiling 116 connected, discharged. A certain amount of fresh air replaces the discharged air and can be passed through a conventional low pulsation layer ventilation passage 160 be supplied. The layer ventilation passage 160 is located on the room wall 117 and is over a branch 164 a supply air duct 162 provided. Furthermore, a conventional Fassadenklimagerät 180 in another side wall 119 of the room 100 be provided. The preferred air conditioner 10 is in one area 112 suitable close to the heat sources 152 . 154 arranged. This is on the ground 114 attached to the room and projects freely with a free end of its outlet section into the second layer of air 120 , This can be a on the ceiling 116 fixed hall crane 190 easily be routed via the air conditioner.

The air conditioner 10 is schematically constructed with bottom-up axially successive modules. On one at the room floor 114 arranged first outlet section 20 , from which in operation fluid targeted into the area 112 the first fluid layer 110 exits, follows a channel section 30 for supplying the fluid from a first fluid inlet 50 to the first exit section 20 , A second, from the first fluid inlet 50 through a separation 58 fluidically separated fluid inlet 60 , via which the fluid to the condenser 44 is located above the first fluid inlet 50 , This is followed by the second exit section 70 from which the fluid into the second fluid layer 120 is delivered. As by small arrows on the air conditioner 10 is indicated, the layer ventilation is through the room 100 operated locally recirculated air operated.

Due to the air stratification forms in a high industrial hall (room 100 ) about 2.5 m high fresh air lake, in which there are usually people. Under the ceiling 116 It collects polluted air, which then passes through the exhaust air outlets 172 . 174 is transported away. The stable transition forms 130 between the air layers 110 and 120 , If not too strong circulation in the second layer of air 120 takes place there, a condenser mounted there affects the residence area (air layer 110 ) Not. The in the upper air layer 120 introduced heat by condensation of the coolant in the cooling circuit is through the exhaust air outlets 172 . 174 transported away without becoming thermally effective in the residence area. This can be achieved by the compact, preferably cylindrical air conditioner 10 that from the ground 114 through the fresh air lake into the polluted air, the complete functionality of a recirculation ventilation unit is integrated. This preferred air conditioner 10 only needs an electrical power connection and is extremely mobile in the room 100 used.

Exemplary details of the preferred air conditioner 10 are the 2 in a longitudinal section through the air conditioner 10 refer to.

The air conditioner 10 has a tubular housing 90 with a longitudinal extension 92 which forms a channel in its interior. The first exit section 20 has a filter unit 22 on, the z. B. an inner filter core 24 , such as one and a fine filter surrounding it 26 consists. The filter unit 22 is from a low momentum flow grid 28 surround. The filter device 22 may comprise at least one element from the group cartridge filter, solid state filter, filter mat, electrostatic precipitator, Schwebstofffilter, perforated plate. Optionally, a silencer may be provided.

Below the first exit section 20 is a mudflap 14 arranged. The air conditioner 10 is with a trained as a support mobility device 12 bolted to the ground.

In the operating state of the air conditioner are the first air inlet 50 and the second air inlet 60 in the second layer of air 120 intended. The first exit section 20 supplied circulating air is at the first air inlet 50 the second layer of air 120 ( 1 ).

To the air stratification in the room 100 ( 1 ), the circulating air must be from the second layer of air 120 ( 1 ) and after appropriate cooling the residence area, ie the first layer of air 110 ( 1 ), impulse fed. To a stable air stratification in the room 100 To achieve the circulating air with a low temperature, usually 3 to 6 Kelvin, low-impulse in the first layer of air 110 to be brought. Because of the cooling in the air conditioner 10 can take place, eliminates a necessary by an external air treatment in a central air conditioning unit rigid connection by means of air ducts in the room 100 ,

For cooling, a modified coolant system 40 with an evaporator 42 , a capacitor 44 and a compressor 46 be used for a circulating coolant. Further details of the coolant system 40 , such as an expansion valve and the like, are not shown, but are familiar to those skilled in the art. The preferred air conditioner 10 forms in this regard a modified split air conditioner. The evaporator 42 the coolant system 40 is in the duct of the air conditioner 10 fluidly separated from the condenser 44 arranged and cools the in the second, warmer air layer 120 removed air by a few Kelvin. The evaporator 42 can in the first layer of air 110 or even above this, however, is due to the separation 58 in the channel thermodynamically only in the lower first layer of air 110 effective. The air is made by means of a tube fan 56 through an inflow grille 52 at the first air entrance 50 aspirated and by a preferably designed as a coarse dust filter unit 54 directed. The pipe fan 56 can be regulated or unregulated.

For cooling a capacitor 44 in the second layer of air 120 Air is used by means of a pipe fan 66 through the second air inlet 60 that with an inflow grille 62 is provided from the second layer of air 120 sucked and through the second outlet section 70 discharged upward. The air passes through a diffuser section 70 which advantageously reduces the air velocity and a filter unit 76 as well as an outflow grid 74 through an open top end 72 impulsive again in the second layer of air 120 out. Upstream of the capacitor 44 is the air in a filter unit 64 cleaned, which is expediently designed as a coarse dust filter to contamination of the capacitor 44 to avoid.

By the separation 58 are the two air streams through the first and the second air inlet 50 . 60 independent of each other in the housing 90 of the air conditioner 10 einsaubgar.

In the operating state of the air conditioner 10 is the channel section 30 in the area of a transition 130 between the first and second fluid layers 110 . 120 intended. In the canal section 30 is between the evaporator 42 and the first exit section 20 a liquid separator 32 intended. In the embodiment shown is a conventional liquid separator 32 , which is often referred to in the air conditioning technology as a mist eliminator, and in 3a - 3b is shown in detail, obliquely to the longitudinal extent 92 arranged. Collected water is poured over a condensate tray 34 and a drain 36 from the air conditioner 10 dissipated.

As 3a In plan view, the air brushes vertically against a plurality of parallel plates of the water separator 32 over down. The sheets are bent at their lower edge in a suitable manner, for. B. flanged or canted, and form a gutter ( 3b ). These sheets are tilted so that condensate under gravity in the gutters to a condensate tray 34 and about a drain 36 can be removed ( 3c ). Usually, the flow direction would be perpendicular to the flanged lower edges, which would be arranged vertically.

A preferred embodiment of a liquid separator 232 show the 4a - 4c , The liquid separator 232 is in 4a in plan view in a housing 90 of the air conditioner 10 shown. The liquid separator 232 is made of a spirally rolled strip of material 234 educated ( 4b ), along a longitudinal edge 236 a gutter 238 has, z. B. by crimping the longitudinal edge 236 is formed. Preferably, the spiral begins in the middle at the highest point of the liquid separator 232 and descends towards the edge of the spiral. Thus, the separated condensate runs in the gutter 238 spiral outwards and downwards ( 4c ) and can by the on the housing 90 provided drain 36 be dissipated. The preferred liquid separator 232 works particularly favorable when the air flow in the direction of gravity, ie vertically, runs.

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list The documents listed by the applicant have been automated generated and is solely for better information recorded by the reader. The list is not part of the German Patent or utility model application. The DPMA takes over no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• - DE 10202656 A1 [0005]

Claims (22)

Air conditioner with a coolant circuit in which a coolant is moved, and an evaporator ( 42 ) for cooling a fluid and a condenser ( 44 ) for heating the fluid, characterized in that the capacitor ( 44 ) and the evaporator ( 42 ) in a common housing ( 90 ) are arranged so that in the operating state of the evaporator ( 42 ) in a defined, geodetically lower first fluid layer ( 110 ) and the capacitor ( 44 ) in a defined, geodetically upper second fluid layer ( 120 ) a fluid layering ( 110 . 120 ) is thermally effective. Air conditioner according to claim 1, characterized in that in the operating state of the evaporator ( 42 ) in a defined, geodetically lower first fluid layer ( 110 ) and the capacitor ( 44 ) in a defined, geodetically upper second fluid layer ( 120 ) a fluid layering ( 110 . 120 ) is arranged. Air conditioner according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that are provided axially successive from bottom to top: - a first outlet section ( 20 ), from which, during operation, fluid is specifically directed into an area ( 112 ) of the first fluid layer ( 110 ), - a channel section ( 30 ) for supplying the fluid from a first fluid inlet ( 50 ) to the first exit section ( 20 ), - a second, from the first fluid input ( 50 ) fluidly separated second fluid inlet ( 60 ), via which the fluid to the condenser ( 44 ) and - a second exit section ( 70 ), from which the fluid in the second fluid layer ( 120 ) is delivered. Air conditioner according to claim 3, characterized in that in the operating state of the first outlet section ( 20 ) within the first fluid layer ( 110 ) is provided. Air conditioner according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that in the operating state of the first and the second fluid input ( 50 . 60 ) of the fluid in the second fluid layer ( 120 ) is provided. Air conditioner according to one of claims 3 to 5, characterized in that in the operating state of the channel section ( 30 ) in the area of a transition ( 130 ) between the first and second fluid layers ( 110 . 120 ) is provided. Air conditioner according to one of claims 3 to 6, characterized in that the second outlet section ( 70 ) transversely to a longitudinal extent ( 92 ) of the air conditioner ( 10 ) is open at the top. Air conditioner according to one of claims 3 to 7, characterized in that the second outlet section ( 70 ) is adapted from the capacitor ( 44 ) give off heated fluid with little impulse. Air conditioner according to claim 8, characterized in that the second outlet section ( 70 ) a diffuser section ( 78 ) having. Air conditioner according to one of claims 3 to 9, characterized in that downstream of the first and / or second fluid input ( 50 . 60 ) a filter unit ( 54 . 64 ) is provided. Air conditioner according to one of claims 3 to 10, characterized in that at the first and / or second fluid input ( 50 . 60 ) an inflow grille ( 52 . 62 ) is provided. Air conditioner according to one of claims 3 to 11, characterized in that between the evaporator ( 42 ) and the first exit section ( 20 ) a liquid separator ( 32 . 232 ) is provided. Air conditioner according to claim 12, characterized in that the liquid separator ( 232 ) from a spirally rolled strip of material ( 234 ) formed along a longitudinal edge ( 234a ) a gutter ( 234b ) having. Air conditioner according to one of claims 3 to 13, characterized in that in the first exit section ( 20 ) a filter device ( 22 ) is provided. Air conditioner according to claim 14, characterized in that the filter device ( 22 ) has at least one element from the group cartridge filter, solid state filter, filter mat, electrostatic precipitator, Schwebstofffilter, perforated plate. Air conditioner according to one of claims 3 to 15, characterized in that at the first exit section ( 20 ) an outflow grid ( 28 ) is provided. Air conditioner according to claim 16, characterized in that the outflow grille ( 28 ) is designed for low-pulse delivery of the fluid. Air conditioner according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that below the first outlet section ( 20 ) a strainer ( 14 ) is provided. Air conditioner according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by a tubular cross-section. Air conditioner according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by a mobility device ( 12 ) to transport from one site to another. Air conditioning arrangement with at least one air conditioner ( 10 ) according to any one of the preceding claims. Air conditioning arrangement according to claim 21, characterized by a combination with at least one separately from the air conditioner ( 10 ) provided layer ventilation passage ( 160 ) and / or at least one separate air-conditioning unit, preferably a facade air-conditioning unit ( 180 ).