DE102007044336A1 - Fermenter for methanation of biomass, comprises an intermediate base, which is slanted and liquid tight so that a floating layer is formed, and which has a support wall so that the conveying direction of the biomass is predetermined - Google Patents

Abstract

The fermenter for methanation of biomass, comprises an intermediate base, which is slanted and liquid tight so that a floating layer is formed, and which has a support wall so that the conveying direction of the biomass is predetermined. The intermediate base is present in a garage like fermenter and is not permeable but the biomass drops at end towards bottom and is mixed. The intermediate base and discharge form a syphon. The fermented biomass is held over a separate ion container.

Description

For the methanation of stackable or pourable biomasses, a large number of process and device variants are known in the context of so-called dry or solid-state fermentation. Such devices are for example in EP 0934998 B1 . EP 1301583 B1 . EP 1428868 A1 . WO 02/031104 and DE 10005390 C2 basically described.

at The present application is a modified one Execution of a heated garage fermenter in which the biomass moves on a sliding layer.

The Invention uses the property that the to be fermented Biomass drenched by percolation is characterized Density increases and moves on a sliding layer in the fermenter.

• 1. Der gasdichte Zwischenbodenfermenter (1) mit einem horizontal nach hinten geneigten Boden (2) hat mindestens einen zusätzlichen in die Gegenrichtung horizontal geneigten Zwischenboden (3). Dieser Boden reicht nicht bis zur hinteren Wand und hat vorne eine schräge Abstützwand mit einer Einbringöffnung (4) für die Biomasse.
• 2. Da sich auf dem Zwischenboden Flüssigkeit sammelt und auch hält, bewegt sich die eingebrachte Biomasse insbesondere nach der Durchfeuchtung mit Animpfflüssigkeit, der Perkolation, in Pfeilrichtung. Das Perkolat wird durch Düsen in der Decke (6) eingebracht.
• 3. Infolge der Bewegung fällt die Biomasse am hinteren Ende des Zwischenbodens auf den unteren Boden. Diese Eigenschaft bewirkt eine Durchmischung der zu vergärenden Biomasse.
• 4. Auch auf dem unteren geneigten Boden bildet sich eine Gleitschicht aus, weil im Boden kein Ablauf für Gärflüssigkeit vorhanden ist. Der Flüssigkeitstand im unteren Bereich kann durch Schlitze in der Austragsöffnung gesteuert werden.
• 5. Die Vergärungsprozeßstufen erfolgen entlang des zu durchlaufenden Weges im Fermenter, sodass im günstigsten Fall die Biomasse im Endbereich (7) vollkommen vergoren ist, d. h. die Methanisierung abgeschlossen ist.
• 6. Das vergorene und dann weitgehend verflüssigte Substrat kann z. B. über Separations-Behälter geleitet werden, sodass die Gärflüssigkeit durch Sammelrinnen unterhalb der Separationsbehälter getrennt erfasst entweder in den Perkolationskreislauf oder in ein Endlager gebracht werden kann. Das in den Separationsbehältern erfasste feste Restsubstrat kann ebenfalls entweder als Impfmaterial für die Frischmasse genutzt oder endgelagert werden.
• 7. Die Frischmassezuführung und der Restsubstrataustrag kann entweder diskontinuierlich wie bei bekannten Garagenfermentern nach dem Öffnen der sonst gasdichten Tore (8) oder quasikontinuierlich, z. B. durch Schneckenfördertechniken erfolgen.
• 8. Die Transportgeschwindigkeit im Fermenter kann durch die Mengenzufuhr an Frischmaterial, die Neigung des Zwischenbodens und durch die Flüssigkeitszufuhrmenge (Perkolation) gesteuert werden. Damit lässt sich eine optimale Verweildauer einstellen.
• 9. Der Zwischenboden bildet im Bereich des Austrags einen Siphon, wodurch die Füllhöhe im unteren Bereich gesteuert werden kann. Die Gasentnahme erfolgt im hinteren Bereich des Fermenters über eine Öffnung in der Decke.

In contrast to previously known building designs, the presented invention differs by a number of process improvements:

• 1. The gastight intermediate soil fermenter ( 1 ) with a floor inclined horizontally backwards ( 2 ) has at least one additional in the opposite direction horizontally inclined intermediate floor ( 3 ). This floor does not extend to the rear wall and has an angled support wall with an insertion opening ( 4 ) for the biomass.
• 2. Since liquid collects on the false bottom and also holds, the introduced biomass moves in particular after the moistening with inoculation liquid, percolation, in the direction of the arrow. The percolate is released through nozzles in the ceiling ( 6 ) brought in.
• 3. As a result of the movement, the biomass at the rear end of the false floor falls on the lower ground. This property causes a thorough mixing of the biomass to be fermented.
• 4. Also on the lower inclined bottom forms a sliding layer, because in the ground no drainage for fermentation liquid is present. The liquid level in the lower area can be controlled by slots in the discharge opening.
• 5. The fermentation process stages take place along the path to be traversed in the fermenter, so that in the best case, the biomass in the end ( 7 ) is completely fermented, ie the methanation is complete.
• 6. The fermented and then largely liquefied substrate may, for. B. are passed through separation tanks, so that the fermentation liquid separated by collecting troughs below the separation vessel detected either in the percolation cycle or can be brought into a repository. The solid residual substrate detected in the separation tanks can also either be used as seed for the fresh mass or be stored.
• 7. The fresh material feed and the residual substrate discharge can either be discontinuous as in known garage fermenters after opening the otherwise gas-tight gates ( 8th ) or quasi-continuous, z. B. done by screw conveyor techniques.
• 8. The transport speed in the fermenter can be controlled by the supply of fresh material, the slope of the false bottom and by the amount of liquid supplied (percolation). This allows an optimal residence time set.
• 9. The intermediate bottom forms a siphon in the area of the discharge, whereby the filling height in the lower area can be controlled. The gas is taken in the rear area of the fermenter via an opening in the ceiling.

The reference signs 1 - 8th refer to the enclosed sketch of the modified garage fermenter.

1

Intermediate bottom fermenter

2

lower backward sloping ground

3

opposite inclined intermediate floor

4

introduction opening

5

Biomassehaufwerk

6

Perkolationsdüsen

7

discharge

8th

gas-tight gate

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list The documents listed by the applicant have been automated generated and is solely for better information recorded by the reader. The list is not part of the German Patent or utility model application. The DPMA takes over no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• EP 0934998 B1 [0001]
• - EP 1301583 B1 [0001]
• EP 1428868 A1 [0001]
• WO 02/031104 [0001]
• - DE 10005390 C2 [0001]

Claims (7)

Zwischenbodenfermenter characterized gekennzeichet that in a garage-like fermenter for the methanation of biomass at least one intermediate floor is present. According to claim 1, characterized in that the Intermediate bottom inclined and liquid-tight, so a sliding layer can form. According to claim 1, characterized in that the Intermediate floor has a support wall, so that the direction of movement the biomass is predetermined. According to claim 1, characterized in that the Intermediate soil is not consistent, but the biomass falls down at the end and is mixed by it. Zwischenbodenfermenter characterized in that Also, the bottom is liquid-tight, so that a sliding layer can train. According to the preceding claim, characterized that intermediate floor and discharge form a siphon. According to the preceding claims, characterized that the fermented biomass through a separation tank is discharged.