DE102007038467A1 - Enameled vessel for liquids, with basal outlet closed by conical plug, grounds liquid through intentionally-conductive top area of plug - Google Patents

Abstract

Part (35) of the conical plug (21) in contact with the liquid, is made of electrically-conductive material. This part is not enameled. It is electrically-grounded. It is made from hastelloy or platinum. It is an insert (35) in the upper side (22) of the plug. The plug includes a steel cone (23) with enamelling (24). The insert is placed in a central bore cut in the upper central region of the plug. The underside of the plug is connected to ground via an electrically-conductive, raising-and-lowering device. The insert is welded to the steel plug. The enamelling of the vessel comprises a base enamel layer and a covering enamel layer. The base layer is provided only on the steel plug. The covering layer extends up the plug, to cover only a part of the insert (35) on the upper side of the plug. The plug includes an internal temperature measurement sensor. It reaches up through the plug, to below the upper surface of the insert; it is only separated from the liquid in the vessel by the material of the insert. It is not just an enamel layer which separates it from the liquid. The upper surface of the plug is raised up above the base of the vessel. The conical plug itself, is also claimed.

Description

The The invention relates to containers for receiving Fluids, with a bottom and a wall, both complete are enamelled, with a container outlet nozzle, the is disposed in the bottom of the container and a bottom outlet valve which is opened by a Verschließkegel and can be closed, with the Verschließkegel resistant to the fluid inside the container is executed.

The The invention also relates to a closure cone for a bottom outlet valve in the bottom of a container.

container for fluids are used for example in apparatus construction. In these containers are in particular liquids, which react there or simply kept or on a certain Temperature are kept. With these containers it can also be parts of stirring devices.

stirrers are used to mix and process fluids. They become many used in the chemical industry. They have a reaction vessel on, in which the fluid is located, through a stirrer is moved and mixed. The fluid may for example consist of several partial fluids be composed in the stirred tank mix and react with each other, passing through the stirrer uniform reaction conditions in the container to be created.

During processing of the fluids in the containers, for example during stirring, electrostatic charging may occur. As highly conductive liquids with a conductivity of 10 ^-9 S / m and more, which are processed under explosive atmospheric conditions, could be present in the containers, it would be of greater advantage if the earth's contact was as fail-safe as possible. With this earth contact, the electrostatic charges could be dissipated.

Around To ensure this, you could get the complete Container or essential parts thereof made of conductive Produce metals. However, this is problematic when it is is about aggressive fluids, as they are common in the chemical industry must be processed in these containers.

Prefers Therefore, the containers are equipped with enamelled walls, which can withstand such aggressive stresses very well. These painted walls are, however, also electrical insulating, so that the electrostatic charges are not dissipated can be. For this purpose, so must special bushings be guided through the walls, what their durability and corrosion resistance weakens and therefore also problematic and is undesirable. Container for fluids with enamelled walls, however, have conventional elaborate bushings with sealing elements, if the electrostatic charges are to be derived.

task In contrast, the invention is a container to suggest for the inclusion of fluids, another Practical discharge of electrostatic charges of the fluids in its interior allows.

These The object is achieved by a generic Solved container, which is characterized the Verschließkegel in a partial area of an electric conductive and fluid-related material is formed that the portion of the Verschließkegels at least partially not enameled, and that the subarea the Verschließkegels is electrically grounded.

With Such a container is in a particularly simple and reliable shape without any nuisance the other functionalities solved the task.

Container outlet connection are anyway usually required in containers in order to a controlled flow of fluids from the container interior to allow for further processing of these fluids after a possible reaction. These container outlet nozzles are equipped with bottom outlet valves. These bottom outlet valves are needed to open the container outlet close and, if desired, to remove the fluid after to be able to open the reaction again. The container wall is just like the bottom outlet nozzle enameled, facing a perfect shielding to allow the aggressiveness of the fluids.

According to the invention now the bottom outlet valve equipped with a probe carrier, also the function of a Verschließkegels for the bottom outlet valve takes over, and the one with an insert is made of a conductive material. This Insert made of the conductive material is closed Bottom drain valve with the fluid in the container interior in Connection and leads inside the probe carrier or Verschließkegels about corresponding Lines and the closing mechanism of the Verschließkegels to a ground contact.

The closing mechanism of such a Verschließkegels has a metallic, well leit enabled linkage and runs vertically and centrally in the container outlet nozzle to pull the Verschließkegel for the purpose of closing vertically downwards or release upward. He is below the tank bottom isolated from the fluid in the outlet pipe and leads out of this easily and isolated.

There the use in the probe carrier only for one relatively small area with the fluid inside the container can be used for the conductive material of the insert a very high quality conductive metal can be used without the cost situation to worsen sustainably. Preference is for this Material an alloy of the Hastelloy type, would be conceivable also platinum or another metal.

there it is particularly preferred if the probe carrier or Closing cone with the use in a special form is enamelled. Enamelling is common and also in the preferred embodiment of at least two enamel layers, namely, a primer layer suitable for a ensures particularly good adhesion to the metallic substrate material, and an enamel topcoat suitable for the insulating and protective effect against the aggressive media provides. This leads to enamel borders, where a metallic substrate are not fully enamelled should, often to problems. Attacks the primer layer continues on the metallic substrate and does not complete Covered by the cover enamel layer, so does the primer layer attacked and damaged by the aggressive fluid the damaging influences under the cover enamel layer in the wider area and enamelling is endangered.

According to the invention now use the knowledge revealed by the inventors made that on further reaching out the cover enamel layer over the primer layer does not suffer the liability if this Reaching out on a material that is not enamel-requiring how Hastelloy takes place.

More accurate considering the primer layer of the enameling, So the ground enamel layer, now at the material boundary between the probe carrier made of, for example, steel and the insert from, for example, Hastelloy. The cover enamel layer overlaps this layer and the material boundary and ends a few millimeters continue on the insert.

Thereby The ground enamel layer is covered by the enamel layer against the protected from aggressive materials, the ground enamel layer holds and sticks in the area of the material of the probe carrier and thus keeping the cover enamel layer in this area while the cover enamel layer on the area of the insert itself liable.

On This way, the use of the conductive material without a separate seal directly to the probe carrier be welded from the other material, after which an enamelling in fully effective form of the entire Verschließkegels takes place in the manner described.

These Solution according to the invention now surprisingly still extraordinarily valuable and unexpected others Options.

In order to be able to observe and control the current conditions in the container, it is important, in particular, to obtain information about the temperature of the fluid that is in the container. There are temperature measuring devices for this purpose. Very often, corresponding measuring points with temperature measuring devices are installed in so-called baffles. In baffles, baffles serve to prevent the contained fluid from co-rotating with the agitator and thus to assist the mixing process. The baffles are thus in the middle of the fluid of interest and sensors positioned there can easily measure its temperature, such as in the DD-PS 204 764 is proposed.

The Control of the temperature of the fluid is an important parameter to master the entire process.

Indeed is for proper supervision the determination of the temperature at one or two measuring points approximately in the bumbler (s) not sufficient or satisfactory. required becomes the arrangement of further measuring points.

Out For this reason, often already in such apparatus another measuring point with a temperature measuring device in the area of the container outlet nozzle in the bottom of the container educated. This allows the operator of the apparatus several of each other independent temperature measurements of the fluid obtained, nor at different altitudes within the fluid in the container.

To this purpose is usually within the container outlet nozzle an additional sensor as a temperature measuring device provided, which increases the process reliability of the plant.

Another advantage of the arrangement of the measuring point in the area of the container outlet nozzle ent This is due to the fact that it is also possible to detect the temperature of residual quantities in which the liquid level is already below the lower edge of the measuring points in the area of the baffle.

there Now, in one embodiment of the invention, the temperature measuring device placed in a probe carrier that is centrally located in the Container outlet is located and preferably at the same time the Closure cone of the bottom outlet valve forms.

Previously, in other conventional forms of such bottom outlet valves, a desired temperature measuring device had to be arranged on the protected inside of this probe carrier, which could also be formed here by the closing cone. This is for example in the EP 1 229 279 B1 so proposed. That is, the temperature measuring device is then separated by the metal and enamel from the fluid whose temperature should be measured. As a result, the temperature measuring device is protected against the aggressive fluid, but is quite far away from it, especially taking into account the heat-insulating properties of the enamel layer. The influence of the ambient temperature from the area below the container bottom is also quite large. The corresponding temperature measurements are therefore subject to a not inconsiderable time delay.

Should alternatively take place a measurement in closer proximity to the fluid, as for example in the DE 2 123 371 C3 , of the EP 1 061 350 A1 and the U.S. Patent 4,464,066 proposed, the Verschließkegel had to be broken, which in turn could lead to undesirable problems and leaks by the inevitable provision of seals.

It is in the U.S. Patent 4,464,066 proposed to avoid these seals, run the Verschließkegel as a hollow body made of steel and provided with a hole and then enamel the Verschließkegel as far as possible. In the hole then a cylinder of platinum is used. The outside of the platinum cylinder associated with the fluid remains uncoated and carries a thermocouple element. Moreover, in the concept according to the U.S. Patent 4,464,066 intended to build a circuit for monitoring the integrity. For this purpose, the metal of the internals including the platinum cylinder is melted in glass to isolate it from the supporting steel body. This of course prevents any discharge of any electrical charges, which is not provided in this known concept and does not take place. An electrical conductivity or path for electrical conduction from the fluid in the interior of the container to the closure cone to a grounding point would have been counterproductive to the known design and would have compromised the good function of the other measurements provided there.

Unlike the U.S. Patent 4,464,066 According to the invention, the portion of the closure cone consisting of an electrically conductive material, that is to say preferably an insert in the top of the closure cone, is electrically conductively connected, in particular welded, to the main component of the closure cone, ie as a rule a steel cone.

Covered the enamelling prefers to use the weld in particular of precious metal, without causing the base enamelling with the corrosive fluid in the interior of the container in contact comes. This will cause a discharge of electrostatic charges by grounding the liquid in the container possible.

in the However, interaction with the mentioned invention results an extraordinarily cheap way not just a reliable dissipation of electrostatic Charges, but also a rapid and with little time delay Affected temperature measuring device at this point of the container outlet nozzle to place.

This happens in that in the use in the probe carrier Also a temperature sensor is integrated.

This Temperature sensor can then be up to the top of the insert protrude and will only pass through the wall from the preferred, conductive Metal shielded from the aggressive liquid. In this Area is now no enamelling and a lowest possible Shielding and time delay when measuring temperature changes.

It So is a way for a temperature measurement of fluids in containers in apparatus construction created complicationless and moreover completely without seals.

By the inventive design of the bottom outlet valve Thus, a combined device is created which, on the one hand, in the Location is, electrostatic charges from the fluids in the tank derive during processing of fluids arise in an enamelled apparatus, and on the other hand also one very elegant and highly functional temperature measurement allows.

It is also interesting that the inventive design of Bodenaus Running valve is arranged with the Verschließkegel with the use of corrosion-resistant, conductive material at the lowest point of the apparatus. This temperature measuring device also fulfills its functions when stirring residual quantities. The derivation of the electrostatic charge takes place without the use of additional built-in parts, such as dip tubes, from another foreign material, which is for the production and the other requirements of advantage.

When Feeler has in particular a platinum sensor made of the material Pt-100 made sense. This platinum feeler is in a protective tube inside the probe carrier up immediately led under the use.

These Type of measurement brings significant benefits compared to others Methods. Due to the metallic, well conductive surface of the Use can allow very short response times become.

at a preferred embodiment is a slight elevation the use of the sensor in the container interior intended. Thereby, further advantages are achieved. So stands now the use by the elevation by a possible bottom layer of the fluid still out, which is at certain Falls as sediment forms and so conventional the temperature measurement falsified. By the elevation The probe protrudes through the deposit in the insert into the actual fluid substance of interest. The measurement is much more reliable.

The gap-free construction and the perfect cleanability of the invention Solution ensure a design of the system, all the requirements of a so-called "good manufacturing Practice "(gmp) All regulations, rules, measures and procedures can be followed, the one enable hygienic production of substances. This is important for the pharmaceutical industry, for example very strict requirements for cleanability, the surface condition, the biological neutrality of the materials and the construction equipment in relation to dead spaces.

The metallic surface in contact with the medium in the container is negligibly small, in particular with regard to a risk of contamination by metal ions.

All in all A very robust maintenance-free construction is created by a very low susceptibility to damage for demanding Processes is marked.

in the Following are some advantageous features of the invention explained in more detail with reference to FIGS. Show it:

1 a section through the bottom portion of a container from the apparatus construction;

2 a section through a bottom outlet valve of such a container;

3 a section through a valve closing cone in an embodiment of the invention;

4 an enlarged sectional view of a detail of the valve closing cone;

5 a sketch showing the response times of a design according to the invention against a change in temperature; and

6 a table of response times of the inventive concept compared to other temperature measuring devices.

The in 1 illustrated container 10 in the apparatus construction possesses a soil 11 and a wall 12 , The container 10 is filled with fluids during its use, in particular with chemically reacting or to be mixed liquids. The floor 11 and the wall 12 Made of steel and enamelled to withstand aggressive fluids. The level height may depend on which amounts of liquid are to be filled and / or which reactions in the container 10 have already taken place.

Further, in the container 10 a stirrer 13 provided the contents of the container 10 , so the fluids, mixes and moves. The stirrer 13 is driven in particular automatically.

After the reaction or mixing, or for specific other reasons during a reaction, the contents of the container 10 Being able to remove is in the ground 11 a container outlet nozzle 15 intended. This is expediently constructed so that a complete emptying of the container 10 is possible. For this purpose, the container outlet nozzle 15 at the lowest point of the soil 11 arranged.

The wall 12 of the container 10 is in some embodiments as in apparatus construction for the chemical industry usually provided with a double wall (not shown). The container outlet nozzle 15 but inevitably leads through the wall 12 or the soil 11 to the outside and thus forms a thermal contact with the environment.

In the container outlet nozzle 15 there is a bottom outlet valve 20 , which in an enlarged view in the 2 easy to recognize.

To the bottom outlet valve 20 heard a closure cone 21 , The sealing cone 21 has a top 22 that are inside the container 10 is facing. The top 22 is opposite the environment, so opposite to the wider ground 11 of the container, slightly elevated. So it protrudes further into the interior of the container 10 in, than the ground 11 even.

The sealing cone 21 is just like the wall 12 and the ground 11 of the container 10 enamelled.

The sealing cone 21 has a temperature measuring device 30 on. It is possible, but not shown, other temperature measuring devices in the wall 12 of the container 10 or in baffles, also not shown, to be arranged by the wall 12 in the interior of the container 10 protrude.

How to get in the 2 looks, this is from inside the container 10 through the ground 11 draining fluid in the bottom drain valve 20 first vertically down and then slightly obliquely dissipated. The walls in the area of the bottom outlet valve 20 are each also enameled and resistant to the fluid.

The slight pivoting of the fluid path from the vertical makes it possible, centrally in the bottom outlet valve 20 the sealing cone 21 placed so that it by means of a pneumatic diaphragm drive and a lifting and lowering device 25 upwards and downwards and thus perpendicular to the ground 11 can be performed. This lifting and lowering device 25 Thus, passes through the wall of the obliquely wegschwenkenden course of the fluid in the bottom outlet valve 20 , This area is accessible to the operator of the overall system and well controllable, so he is the lifting and lowering device 25 can serve, so that the sealing cone 21 the bottom outlet valve 20 can close or open.

The lifting and lowering device 25 essentially has an electrically conductive steel construction, which of course compared to that around the lifting and lowering device 25 flowing fluid is again shielded by a corresponding outer skin.

Because the sealing cone 21 the bottom outlet valve in the container outlet nozzle 15 is also the inside of the closure cone 21 electrically conductive via the lifting and lowering device 25 connectable to any grounding point, such as the container housing or even a grounding rail in the corresponding building.

The inventive construction of the Verschließkegels 21 in a preferred embodiment is enlarged in the 3 shown.

The sealing cone 21 consists in particular of a steel cone 23 with an enamel coating 24 , To the task of a Verschließkegels 21 to take over, the steel cone bulges 23 out at the top. On its upper side it borders on the fluid inside the container 10 , with the top side 22 ,

The central area of the top 22 of the closure cone 21 is cut out and through an insert 35 replaced. This insert consists of Hastelloy or platinum or another, even without enamelling against the reacting and to be mixed fluids inside the container 10 resistant and resistant material. It can be quite a demanding and expensive material, as only a very small amount of it is for the relatively small use 35 is needed.

This use 35 gets all around with the cut out edge of the steel cone 23 of the closure cone 21 welded.

In the central middle area of the application stands out 35 made of hastelloy or platinum a bit up. In this area is the temperature measuring device 30 with a temperature sensor 31 in a protective tube 32 intended. The temperature sensor 31 sticks to just below the inside of the insert 35 , He is thus against the fluid in the container 10 separated only by the Hastelloy or Platinum layer of the insert 35 ,

In the 4 is greatly enlarged the area drawn out, the transition from the insert 35 to the steel cone 23 shows. The enamel cover 24 In fact, when examined in detail, it consists of a base enamel layer 24a and an overhanging cover enamel layer 24b , The ground enamel layer 24a is able to steel cone conventional steel 23 to stick, this ground enamel layer 24a however, alone would not be sufficiently resistant to the fluid.

However, she is able to get an adhesion from the steel cone 23 to a cover enamel layer 24b make. This cover enamel layer 24b the enamel layer 24 is capable of the fluid in the container 10 To resist, however, she would be without the primer enamel primer 24a not on the material of the steel cone 23 haf th.

In the transition area of the steel cone 23 to the use 35 Now the ground enamel layer ends 24a at the welding edge, the steel cone 23 and the use 35 combines. The cover enamel layer 24b on the other hand, it stands above the ground enamel layer 24a away on the job 35 Hastelloy or platinum. That means the cover enamel layer 24b complete the ground enamel layer 24a from the fluid in the container 10 separates and in this way prevents a decomposition of the ground enamel layer 24a due to the aggressive fluid and possibly in the area below the top enamel layer 24b and over the steel cone 23 into it eats.

On the other hand, the cover enamel layer keeps 24b on the insert 35 because of the use 35 as mentioned not made of steel, but for example made of Hastelloy. As the inventors have found, Hastelloy or platinum for adhering an enamel layer does not have a base enamel layer 24a needed.

In the 5 a representation is shown, the response times of a design according to the invention in seconds against a possible temperature change of the fluid inside the container 10 shows. The plotted measured temperature is given as a percentage of the actual temperature change. It can thus be seen how long it takes for a temperature measuring device to detect a temperature change in the interior of the container 10 noticed in the fluid present there and to which degree exactly represented.

In the 6 a table is shown in which the response times of the inventive concept are compared with the response times that have conventional temperature measuring devices. In this case, times in minutes and seconds are entered in the table, namely the time that a probe A, B or C needed to determine and display after a temperature change as a measurement 50%, 70%, 80% or 90% of the temperature change ,

there Probe A is a probe that measures temperature performs in a baffle, at the probe B to a Probe that measures a temperature in a conventional, enamelled closure cone, and finally at the probe C around a probe according to an embodiment the invention.

10

container

11

ground of the container

12

wall of the container

13

stirrer

15

Container outlet connection

20

Bottom outlet valve

21

Verschließkegel

22

top of the closure cone

23

steel cone

24

enamel coating

24a

Basic layer of enamel

24b

Deck enamel layer

25

lifting and singeing device

30

Temperature measuring device

31

temperature sensor

32

thermowell

35

commitment

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list The documents listed by the applicant have been automated generated and is solely for better information recorded by the reader. The list is not part of the German Patent or utility model application. The DPMA takes over no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• - DD 204764 [0021]
• - EP 1229279 B1 [0028]
• - DE 2123371 C3 [0029]
• - EP 1061350 A1 [0029]
• US 4464066 [0029, 0030, 0030, 0031]

Claims (11)

Container ( 10 ) for the absorption of fluids, with a bottom ( 11 ) and a wall ( 12 ), both of which are fully enamelled, with a container outlet ( 15 ) in the ground ( 11 ) of the container ( 10 ) is arranged and a bottom outlet valve ( 20 ), which by a Verschließkegel ( 21 ) can be opened and closed, whereby the Verschließkegel ( 21 ) against the fluid inside the container ( 10 ) is resistant, characterized in that the Verschließkegel ( 21 ) is formed in a portion of an electrically conductive and fluid-related material, that the portion of the Verschließkegels ( 21 ) is at least partially enameled, and that the portion of the Verschließkegels ( 21 ) is electrically grounded. Container ( 10 ) about the absorption of fluids according to claim 1, characterized in that the portion of the Verschließkegels ( 21 ) consists of hastelloy or platinum. Container ( 10 ) for the absorption of fluids according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the portion of the Verschließkegels ( 21 ) an insert ( 35 ) in the top ( 22 ) of the closure cone ( 21 ). Container ( 10 ) for the absorption of fluids according to claim 3, characterized in that the sealing cone ( 21 ) as a steel cone ( 23 ) with enamelling ( 24 ) is executed that the use ( 35 ) in a central cut-out hole in the top ( 22 ) of the closure cone ( 21 ), and that the sealing cone ( 21 ) on its underside via an electrically conductive lifting and lowering device ( 25 ) is connected to a ground. Container ( 10 ) for the absorption of fluids according to claim 4, characterized in that the steel cone ( 23 ) with the use ( 35 ) is welded. Container ( 10 ) for the absorption of fluids according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the enameling ( 24 ) from a ground enamel layer ( 24a ) and a cover enamel layer ( 24b ) is formed such that the ground enamel layer ( 24a ) only on the steel cone ( 22 ) is provided, and that the cover enamel layer ( 24b ) over the ground enamel layer ( 24a ) until covering a portion of the insert ( 35 ) on the top ( 22 ) of the closure cone ( 21 protrudes. Container ( 10 ) for the absorption of fluids according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the sealing cone ( 21 ) inside with a temperature measuring device ( 30 ) is provided. Container ( 10 ) for receiving fluids according to claim 7, characterized in that the temperature measuring device ( 30 ) a temperature sensor ( 31 ), which passes through the closure cone ( 21 ) to below the top ( 22 ) in the mission ( 35 ) and that the temperature sensor ( 31 ) only by the material of the insert ( 35 ) and in particular not by an enamel layer of the fluid in the container ( 10 ) is disconnected. Container ( 10 ) for the absorption of fluids according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the upper side ( 22 ) of the closing cone ( 21 ) opposite the ground ( 11 ) of the container ( 10 ) is excessive. Sealing cone ( 21 ) for a bottom outlet valve ( 20 ) in the ground ( 11 ) of a container ( 10 ), characterized in that the closure cone ( 21 ) is formed in a portion of an electrically conductive and fluid-related material, that the portion of the Verschließkegels ( 21 ) is at least partially enameled, and that the portion of the Verschließkegels ( 21 ) is electrically grounded. Sealing cone ( 21 ) according to claim 10, characterized by the features of the closure cone ( 21 ) according to any one of claims 2 to 9.