DE102007037930B4 - Columnar fuel storage - Google Patents

Abstract

System for the storage of fuel, preferably for pellets made of wood, grain, straw, etc. in a columnar manner, consisting of - a fuel storage shaft (8) with a fuel collector (1) and end element (7), - a filling and return air line (5) or a filling line with an overpressure opening above the roof (6), - a inspection door (3) built into the fuel storage shaft (8), - inspection windows (4) built into the fuel storage shaft (8), characterized in that the fuel storage shaft (8) has at least one Floor is arranged directly next to an exhaust duct and the fuel storage duct (8) together with the exhaust duct form a spatially adjacent unit.

Description

The invention relates to a system for storing fuel preferably for pellets of wood, grain, stalks, etc. in a columnar manner, as it is known from DE 202 06 881 U1 is known.

In general, a separate storage room is required for storing the pellets in order to store a fuel supply for a heating season can. This storage room is usually located in the basement, whereby normally a complete space for storage is sacrificed.

There are currently three common methods for storing the fuel for a heating season in the basement or on the ground floor: the first consists of using tissue tanks and subsequently transporting the fuel by means of a screw or suction system to the storage container of the heating device. The second method differs only in the design of the container, in which case are used in sheet metal tanks. One possible solution is in the DE 202 06 881 U1 described. For homeowners with handicraft talent, the third method is the installation of a self-construction camp, whereby appropriate chamfers must be erected in the storage room.

Another possibility is storage by underground tank. Normally, a Kunststofferdtank or a concrete container is buried in the ground outside the house. The transport of the fuel is usually carried out with a vacuum suction system to the heater. This solution is problematic in that the construction costs are very high, because in addition to waterproof containers as protection against groundwater extensive earthworks are necessary.

Furthermore, plastic tanks are known, which are set up outside the house. The supply of the heater is similar to the underground tanks. The disadvantage is the complex transport system and the appearance by free-standing. Also condensation and thus a possible contamination of the pellets with moisture can not be excluded.

Especially in new buildings are not always built basements. The inability to accommodate a storage system often results in preference being given to fossil fuels. In addition, almost always a transfer conveyor system is necessary to transport the fuel from the storage room to the reservoir of the heating system.

Every pellet boiler or pellet stove requires an exhaust connection and a supply of fuel. These are usually located on the back of the device. Existing solutions are largely based on a spatial separation of the exhaust system and fuel storage. Such a system is thus very complex and at the same time excludes in many cases the use of a pellet-fired heater in houses without a basement.

The object of the invention is to provide a system for storing fuel that can be built to save space and cost, to help the pellet heaters and thus a climate-friendly energy to the final breakthrough.

The object is solved by the features mentioned in claim 1. Advantageous embodiments are the subject of the dependent claims.

Since each heater requires a flue (chimney) and usually a corresponding fuel supply, the fuel storage is located directly next to the flue (chimney). With this spatial combination, a lot of time can be saved in the construction of a new warehouse and exhaust stack (chimney), as both can be set up at the construction site at the same time or one behind the other. Prefabricated elements of up to a few meters in length or height are thus - prefabricated in the factory - extremely fast to build on the site.

The small base area of the warehouse, combined with a large overall height, makes it possible to build in a very space-saving manner and thus open up new areas of application for pellet heaters where previously only fossil heating systems were possible.

Thus, according to fuel storage volume - for about a heating season - can be created in a very space-saving manner, the method of storage of the fuel is used for the first time columnar over more than one floor and thus completely different from the known conventional "cube-shaped" storage methods. Of course, the use is also possible on just one floor. This offers a number of new possibilities. For houses without a cellar storage of pellets is now easily possible and at the same time saves valuable space compared to conventional storage methods when using the system.

The invention uses the physical property of gravity, which allows the fuel to slip without a mechanical conveyor and thus be received either directly by the internal screw conveyor of the heater or by a conventional Transport screw / vacuum suction system enters the heater.

The columnar bearing method allows, due to the very small footprint (eg 1.5 x 0.5 meters), the simple design of a fuel collector with a mechanical actuator from the outside, which in a non-scheduled interruption of the fuel flow to remedy this disorder on very simple Guaranteed manner.

The fuel collector makes it very easy and flexible to adapt a wide variety of existing conveyor systems.

A pressure reducer, which can be integrated in the fuel collector when needed, prevents at very high storage heights an excessive increase in the pressure on the underlying fuel and thus any supply disturbances to the heater.

The removal of the fuel is almost completely possible, which is due to the fact that the base of the bearing is very small compared to conventional systems. Residual fuel quantities, which are already at the bottom of the warehouse for several years, can be easily removed by means of an inspection door, which is located above the fuel collector.

This fuel collector can either consist of concrete or of a stable steel construction.

For reasons of fire safety, the inspection door is fireproof, for example, to be made of metal and, if necessary, ensures any troubleshooting. The inside of the door is provided with inserted beams (eg wooden planks) to prevent the fuel from falling out. This makes it possible by removing the upper beam, to gain insight and access to the column bearing in not yet completed emptying.

Another new feature is the possible arrangement of viewing windows, for example, Plexiglas behind a fireproof, fold-away metal rotary valve. This makes it reasonably possible for the first time to display the existing residual fuel volume in the simplest possible way. It is conceivable to make this arrangement on all floors of the building.

The filling of the columnar bearing takes place with a filling line and return air line, which are equipped with standardized couplings for connection to Befüllfahr witnesses. The filling and return air lines are each attached to the upper end of the column bearing and can either be led down to the ground floor or into the basement for a pleasant filling position.

The overpressure created during pellet filling can be dissipated by means of a simple overpressure opening on the roof, in order to avoid building damage and if there is no need for a return air line.

By means of a closing element, the column bearing is closed at the top, thus reducing the total dust load in the building to a minimum.

• • deutliche Senkung der gesamten Errichtungskosten eines mit Pellets befeuerten Heizgerätes
• • weitgehende Entleerung des Schachtes durch geringe Lagergrundfläche möglich
• • auch ohne Keller sehr preisgünstige und platzsparende Lösung
• • für Häuser ohne Keller häufig die einzige Möglichkeit zur Verwendung eines mit Pellets befeuerten Heizgerätes
• • kein Lagerraum oder Erdtank notwendig
• • Lager direkt neben Schornstein
• • wahlweise Brennstofftransport mit Direktschnecke, herkömmlicher Schneckenaustragung oder Vakuum – Saugsystem in das Heizgerät
• • Lagermethode feuchtigkeitsunempfindlich
• • keine kostenintensiven Erdaushubarbeiten nötig
• • in Gebieten mit Hochwassergefahr kann der Brennstoff Pellets problemlos eingesetzt werden, wenn der Schacht erst ab Erdgeschoss beginnt oder aber auch mit entsprechendem Sicherheitsabstand vom Fußboden im Keller errichtet ist
• • geringe Staubbelastung

The invention provides the following advantages:

• • Significant reduction in the total construction cost of a pellet-fired heater
• • Extensive emptying of the shaft possible due to low bearing surface
• • Even without a cellar very inexpensive and space-saving solution
• • For houses without basements often the only way to use a pellet-fired heater
• • no storage room or underground tank necessary
• • Warehouse next to the chimney
• • optional fuel transport with direct screw, conventional screw discharge or vacuum suction system in the heater
• • Storage method insensitive to moisture
• • no costly excavation work needed
• • In areas where there is a risk of flooding, the fuel pellets can be used without problems if the shaft only starts from the ground floor or is erected at a safe distance from the floor in the basement
• • low dust load

The invention will be explained in more detail with reference to the embodiment variants shown in the figures.

Show it:

1 : Side view of the columnar fuel storage

2 : Top view of the columnar fuel storage shaft according to a first variant

3 : Top view of the columnar fuel storage shaft according to a third variant

4 : Top view of the columnar fuel storage shaft according to a fifth variant

The basic structure is in 1 shown. The fuel collector 1 consists of 2 inclined plates, which at an angle of about 45 °, the inlet of the fuel to the sampling point for auger or vacuum suction system 10 to ensure. This conveyor system supplies the heater 9 with fuel. If necessary, a pressure reducer is located in the upper area of the fuel collector 2 arranged. The inspection door 3 is installed vertically in the fuel storage shaft 8th , Also integrated into the fuel slot is a viewing window 4 , if necessary in several floors. At the upper end of the fuel shaft is the filling and return air line 5 , Alternatively to the return air line can also be a pressure relief opening 6 led over the roof who the. The completion of the fuel slot forms the final element 7

The detailed version of the fuel storage shaft can be made in different variants:
A first variant, shown in 2 , consists in the design of the exhaust shaft (chimney) and the fuel storage shaft of a block in solid construction 11 , Wherein the complete component is made of the same carrier material as the conventional flue chimney. Preferably but not exclusively, here is a LAS exhaust system 12 used, which can be easily performed in terms of fire regulations. This exhaust system is connected to the heater via a standard exhaust pipe 16 connected.

Optionally, in a second embodiment, shown in FIG 3 , also the execution of the columnar fuel storage shaft shaft lining by steel sheet 13 conceivable, with a prefabrication from the factory is possible and thus the assembly time can be significantly shortened. The arrangement takes place directly next to the exhaust shaft (chimney).

The columnar sheet steel bearing can by means of fire-retardant insulation boards or a final wall 14 be enclosed and thus forms a good visual impression, especially in the inhabited house area.

As an alternative to the sheet steel version is similar in a third variant 3 , the lining of a masonry fuel storage shaft with plastic parts conceivable. There is also the possibility of using wood planks to the inner lining of the shaft. The arrangement is also here directly next to the (flue) chimney.

It is conceivable in a fourth variant, the fuel storage shaft in precast concrete parts, for example, the type C35 / C45, in layers (as in a concrete pipe) with a height of z. B. perform a meter. Alternatively, an execution of concrete slabs, which consist of two longitudinal and two transverse plates and a base and a cover plate, possible.

A fifth variant, shown in 4 which is considered to be particularly cost effective, is the complete fuel storage shaft 15 to be cast in one piece by means of conventional concrete formwork and to be visible on the side (s) visible from the living space, eg. B. to be provided with plaster.

Claims (7)

System for storing fuel preferably for pellets of wood, grain, stalk etc. in a columnar manner consisting of - a fuel storage shaft ( 8th ) with fuel collector ( 1 ) and final element ( 7 ), - a filling and return air line ( 5 ) or a filling line with an overpressure opening above the roof ( 6 ), - one in the fuel storage shaft ( 8th ) built-in inspection door ( 3 ), - into the fuel storage shaft ( 8th ) built-in viewing windows ( 4 ), characterized in that the fuel storage shaft ( 8th ) is arranged over at least one floor next to an exhaust shaft and the fuel storage shaft ( 8th ) Together with the exhaust shaft together form a spatially adjacent unit. System for storing fuel preferably for pellets according to claim 1, characterized in that the fuel storage shaft ( 8th ) from a block in massive construction ( 11 ) is executed, which is the same material as the exhaust shaft. System for storing fuel preferably for pellets according to claim 1, characterized in that the fuel storage shaft ( 8th ) in sheet steel ( 13 ) and by means of fire-retardant insulation boards or a final wall ( 14 ) is enclosed. System for storing fuel preferably for pellets according to claim 1, characterized in that the fuel storage shaft ( 8th ) in plastic parts and by means of fire-retardant insulation boards or a final wall ( 14 ) is enclosed. System for storing fuel preferably for pellets according to claim 1, characterized in that the fuel storage shaft ( 8th ) by means of wooden planks and by means of fire-retardant insulation boards or a final wall ( 14 ) is enclosed System for storing fuel preferably for pellets according to claim 1, characterized in that the fuel storage shaft ( 8th ) is executed by means of precast concrete parts in layers or slab construction. System for storing fuel preferably for pellets according to claim 1, characterized in that the fuel storage shaft ( 8th ) by means of a complete concrete shaft to be cast in one piece ( 15 ), made in conventional building form, is erected and is preferably provided on the sides visible to the living space with plaster.

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