DE102006051000A1 - Exhaust gas heat exchanger for internal combustion engine of motor vehicle, has sealing unit provided in sectional contact with one of mediums, and turbulence generator provided within housing, where medium is passed within generator - Google Patents

Abstract

The exchanger (100) has a housing (101) in which two mediums (M1, M2) are passed, where one of the medium (M1) is a warm exhaust gas and another medium (M2) is a cool fluid. A sealing unit is provided in sectional contact with the medium (M2). A housing channel is provided within a wall of the housing, where the housing channel and the housing are formed as a single piece-plastic-molded part. The housing channel is guided partially along the sealing unit. A turbulence generator is provided within the housing, where the medium (M2) is passed within the generator. An independent claim is also included for a method for manufacturing the exchanger.

Description

The The invention relates to a heat exchanger with a housing, which of at least a first medium and at least one flowed through the second medium is with at least one sealing element, which at least partially with the second medium comes into contact and a method for producing a heat exchanger.

In the DE 600 04 919 T2 there is disclosed a heat exchanger having a hollow body of plastic material defining an air inlet chamber, an inlet for the air and one or more outputs for connection to the head of the engine. The heat exchanger has a seal between a first metallic element and a partition wall. The seal is in particular a ring seal in the case of a cylindrical heat exchanger. The heat exchanger also has a seal between a second metallic member and the partition wall, the chamber forming a lining. The ring seal makes it possible to increase the tightness of the connection between the plastic partition and the bell of metallic material. The use of ring seals makes it possible to insert the unit along the axis in the plastic and with the help of a clip z. B. to lock out of steel wire very quickly.

In the DE 10 2004 045 016 A1 is a heat exchanger, in particular exhaust gas heat exchanger of an internal combustion engine of a motor vehicle, disclosed with a two-sided open housing shell. The housing shell is made of a material which is not heat-resistant at least at a temperature at which the first medium enters the heat exchanger. The housing jacket is made of plastic. In the axially hollow housing shell, a second bottom is axially displaceably mounted. The sealed bearing provides a radially provided between this second tube sheet and the housing shell first sealing ring. The outlet side of the heat exchanger, a second ring seal is provided.

It Object of the present invention, a heat exchanger of the aforementioned Kind of improving.

These The object is solved by the features of claim 1.

According to the invention, it is provided that a heat exchanger, in particular an exhaust gas heat exchanger, a housing which consists of a first medium and at least one flowed through the second medium is. The heat exchanger has at least one sealing element, which at least partially comes into contact with the second medium.

The first medium is in particular hot exhaust gas. The second medium is in particular a cooling medium, such as a coolant. By the at least partial contact of the second medium, in particular the cooling medium with the sealing element, the sealing element is cooled. It stands in particular a section of the sealing element with at least one housing interior of the housing in flow condition, so that the sealing element with the second medium, in particular with the cooling medium, e.g. Water or another liquid Coolant, cooled is. The sealing element is in particular formed from a material that is only partially heat resistant. Sealing elements, such as O-rings or other sealants are mostly made of plastic, especially rubber. Plastics and Rubber materials are conditionally heat resistant. at the transgression a specific temperature, which is individual for each plastic is, decomposes the material and the seal meets their Function no longer. This must be prevented. Since the housing in particular from the hot Exhaust gas can flow through is, must have sufficient cooling ensured the sealing element be. The cooling of the sealing element takes place in that the second medium, in particular the cooling medium, with the sealing element at least partially comes into contact.

Further is further inventively by the fluid an improvement in heat exchange achieved the second medium, wherein the fluid, the second medium improves in fluid dynamics guide critical areas or improved heat absorption from certain areas allow by the fluids an enlarged surface in contact with provide to the second medium. In addition, such fluids to optimize the flow of the second medium a more homogeneous distribution the cooling capacity inside the case achieve, so in particular no local overheating with the danger of a local boiling of the second medium.

In a preferred embodiment the sealing element is at least partially with the second Medium in contact to a destructive heat input into the sealing element to avoid.

In an advantageous embodiment, the fluid comprises a formation which projects into the second medium on a wall of a tube carrying the first medium. As a result, turbulence of the second medium can be generated in the immediate vicinity of the pipe wall, the heat promote exchange. In an expedient detailed design, the shaping is designed as a structuring of the wall of the tube, in particular as embossing. Alternatively or additionally, the molding may also comprise a rib element. Such rib elements can be inserted, for example, in the course of a pre-assembly between adjacent tubes of a tube bundle welded in trays and welded or soldered to the tubes.

In a further advantageous embodiment comprises the molding one leading the second medium Housing channel, that of a connection region of the housing to a mouth region leads. As a result, the second medium can be targeted in a desired Area of the housing interior flown in particular the position of the outer connections for coolant supply lines other requirements, such as to optimize the space can meet. In an advantageous detail design of the housing channel is doing within a Wall of the housing formed, wherein particularly preferably the housing channel and the case as one piece Plastic molding are formed. This allows a cost-effective production at the same time space-optimized arrangement of the housing channel.

In an alternative or supplementary execution leads the housing channel at least in sections along a sealing element, whereby the cooling the sealing element low supports becomes. The sealing element is particularly effective against overheating protected, if in an advantageous embodiment the sealing element by means of the housing channel is in direct contact with the second medium.

at a further alternative or additional embodiment a fluid according to the invention includes the fluid an expansion of a connection area for the second medium. hereby is a fanning of the supplied Stream of the second medium, in particular a turbulence already reached in the area of entry, with simple means. A simple and expedient execution can Provide that the expansion comprises a sloping wall section, wherein a geometric passage cross-section for the second Medium over the inclined wall section continuously expanded. Alternatively or additional However, the expansion can also be gradual or alternating continuously and staged, depending on the desired Optimization of flow control. Furthermore, the expansion with respect to a geometric entry direction may be preferred be formed asymmetrically of the second medium. This is for example, a change in the mean flow direction across from the geometric entry direction achievable, which is due to the usually placed in lateral areas of the housing coolant connections an optimization of the flow pattern of the second medium.

at a further alternative or additional embodiment of the invention comprises the fluid one on a wall of the housing trained lead. A passage cross section is advantageous between the wall and one leading the first medium Tube reduced by the projection. By such a projection let yourself the flow of the second medium by simple means by desired spatial areas of the housing and along wanted flow paths to lead, so that the heat exchanger performance is optimized.

at a further alternative or additional embodiment the invention is the sealing element between the housing and a particular metal existing bottom of the heat exchanger arranged, wherein the fluid is a near the seal arranged, thermally conductive formation of the soil includes. It is advantageous in this case with the second medium in contact standing surface a region of the bottom adjacent to the sealing element enlarges the shape. All in all is formed by such a fluid according to the invention a locally improved heat dissipation of the bottom into the second medium, so that especially in terms of a destructive one heat input Protected from the bottom critical seal.

In a possible Detailed design includes the shaping of the floor a thermal conductive with the metal connected to the floor, in particular a sheet metal part. This is a particularly great local improvement of heat dissipation achievable from the ground.

In alternative or complementary Execution is the formation in one piece formed with the ground, whereby the shaping for example by local Forming the soil is particularly easy to produce. In exemplary Detailed design includes the formation thereby at least one Einrillung of Soil, which protrudes in particular in the second medium. In interest an overall simple and inexpensive production is the Floor formed as a sheet metal part, the molding as a formed multiple bending of the sheet metal part in the vicinity of the sealing element is.

In an advantageous detailed design, it is provided that a heat exchanger, in particular an exhaust gas heat exchanger, has a housing which comprises a first medium and at least one second medium can be flowed through. The heat exchanger has at least one sealing element, which at least partially comes into contact with the second medium.

The first medium is in particular hot exhaust gas. The second medium is in particular a cooling medium, such as a coolant.

By the at least partial contact of the second medium, in particular of the cooling medium with the sealing element, the sealing element is cooled. It stands in particular a section of the sealing element with at least one housing interior of the housing in flow condition, so that the sealing element with the second medium, in particular with the Cooling medium, e.g. Water or another liquid Coolant, cooled is. The sealing element is in particular formed from a material that is only partially heat resistant. Sealing elements, such as O-rings or other sealants are mostly made of plastic, especially rubber. Plastics and Rubber materials are conditionally heat resistant. at the transgression a specific temperature, which is individual for each plastic is, decomposes the material and the seal meets their Function no longer. This must be prevented. Since the housing in particular from the hot Exhaust gas can flow through is, must have sufficient cooling ensured the sealing element be. The cooling of the sealing element takes place in that the second medium, in particular the cooling medium, at least partially comes into contact with the sealing element in contact.

In an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the heat exchanger a housing on, which is formed of a material which only partially is heat resistant. The housing is therefore particularly advantageous to produce cost.

In a further advantageous embodiment, the housing is made Plastic formed. The housing This makes it especially lightweight and special economical produced.

In an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the heat exchanger a groove into which a sealing element can be introduced. Especially is an O-ring in the groove can be inserted. In another embodiment, sealing material in the Groove introduced, for example with a gun, with the sealing material as plastic, rubber, etc. can be introduced.

In a further advantageous embodiment of the invention are at least a connecting piece, at least one connecting flange and at least one Fastener integrally formed with the housing. To this Way several components are particularly advantageous to produce in a manufacturing process. Required joining operations eliminated, causing the heat exchanger especially inexpensive can be produced.

In a further advantageous embodiment of the invention is the Groove of the heat exchanger in fluid communication with a housing interior. In this way, the groove and in particular the insertable sealing element, particularly advantageous with the second medium, in particular the cooling medium, from the housing interior beströmbar.

In an advantageous development of the invention, the housing has at least a first flow channel on, with the second medium, in particular the cooling medium, flow through is. By this design, the space is particularly advantageous can be saved because in particular the supply and / or discharge of the second Medium through the housing he follows.

In a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, the casing at least one second flow channel on, with the second medium, in particular the cooling medium, flow through is. This second flow channel leads especially Advantageously the sealing element and / or the groove, the second medium, in particular the cooling medium, to, whereby the sealing element is particularly advantageous coolable.

In Another embodiment of the invention is the first flow channel and the second flow channel in fluid communication. The second medium is over the first flow channel and the second flow channel particularly advantageous to the sealing element and / or the groove can be fed. On In this way, the sealing element is particularly advantageous coolable.

In a further advantageous embodiment of the invention has a flow guide at least one guide element on. The flow guide does that first medium, in particular the exhaust gas, particularly advantageous in the U-flow in a particular other flow direction over. To this Way is in particular the first medium the exhaust, in the U-flow through the housing feasible. Through the guide element the flow guide is special advantageous with the housing connectable. The first medium, in particular the exhaust gas, is also in the I-flow can be cooled in cocurrent or countercurrent. In the case of I-Flow, this indicates casing two openings for the exhaust gas on, an entrance opening and an exit opening.

In a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, the housing has at least one Guide counter-element, which in particular with the guide element, in particular the flow guide is positively connected. In this way, a swinging of the flow guide and the tubes of the heat exchanger can be reduced or prevented in a particularly advantageous manner.

In Another advantageous embodiment of the invention is the heat exchanger with the first medium, in particular with the exhaust gas, in U-flow or flow through in the I-flow. The installation space of the heat exchanger is particularly advantageous in U-flow reducible because the supply and the removal of the first medium take place on one side of the heat exchanger can. About that In addition, the heat exchange takes place between the uncooled first medium and the cooled first medium particularly advantageous countercurrent principle.

In an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the heat exchanger at least one bypass on. The first medium, in particular the exhaust gas, is particularly beneficial during the starting phase of an internal combustion engine operation and / or during a further phase of an internal combustion engine operation can be discharged uncooled.

In a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, the heat exchangers at least one bypass flap on. Uncooled first medium, in particular Exhaust gas is particularly advantageous to a heat exchanger and / or a Bypass feedable. In particular, the heat exchanger deliverable Share of the first medium and the bypassable second Share of the first medium arbitrarily adjustable.

Further becomes a heat exchanger suggested that a first opening and at least one second opening having, wherein the heat exchanger in Flow through I-flow is, the case of the heat exchanger in particular has a first and a second opening. It occurs through the first opening the first medium in the heat exchanger, in particular in the case, a, flows through the heat exchanger and leaves through the heat exchanger the second opening.

In another, not shown embodiment, the first occurs Medium through the second opening in the heat exchanger a, flows through this and leaves the heat exchanger through the first opening.

In A further advantageous embodiment is a second sealing element can be introduced into a second groove, wherein the second sealing element at least in sections comes into contact with the second medium. The second sealing element can be particularly advantageous flow around the second medium, in particular the second medium is particularly advantageous coolable.

In In an advantageous development, a first floor is at least in sections with the housing, in particular form-fitting and / or cohesive, connectable and / or a second floor at least in sections with the housing, in particular form-fitting and / or material fit, connectable. The bottom can be particularly advantageous form-fitting with the housing, in particular with a screw-nut connection, etc., be connected.

In A further advantageous embodiment is a second floor at least partially connected to the housing, in particular form-fitting and / or material fit, connectable. The second floor can be particularly advantageous with positive the housing, in particular by a screw / nut connection, etc., be connected.

In a further advantageous embodiment, the first floor at least one first pipe passage opening for receiving at least a pipe, in particular a number of first pipe openings for receiving a number of tubes. In a further advantageous execution the second floor has at least one second pipe opening Receiving at least one tube, in particular a number of second tube openings for receiving a number of tubes.

In an advantageous development are first Rohrendabschnitte the Tubes with the first bottom positively and / or cohesively connectable. The first pipe end sections can be particularly advantageous expandable. In this way, the first floor be particularly advantageous connectable to the pipes.

In a further advantageous embodiment are second Rohrendabschnitte the tubes with the second bottom positively and / or cohesively connectable. The second Rohrendabschnitte can be particularly advantageous to be weitbar. In this way, the second floor particularly advantageous form-fitting be connectable to the pipes.

According to the invention, a method for producing a heat exchanger is provided, wherein at least one connecting piece, at least one connecting flange and at least one fastening element are integrally formed with the housing and wherein in particular the housing, the at least one connecting piece, the at least one connecting flange and the at least one fastening element by injection molding getting produced. In this way, complex housing shapes are particularly advantageous and inexpensive to produce. Joining operation for joining possible attachments with the housing, in particular for joining the connecting piece, the connecting flange and the fastening elements with the housing accounts.

According to the invention is a A method for producing a heat exchanger provided, wherein the first flow channel and / or the second flow channel by injection molding, in particular with an internal gas pressure process. at This method is a gas, especially nitrogen, during the injection-molding supplied to the housing to to generate a cavity, in particular a flow channel, in the housing. Likewise, the cavity with another method, for example with a thorn, can be produced. In this way, the inflow and / or outflow channel of the second medium, in particular of the cooling medium, particularly advantageous in the case recoverable. Furthermore, the space is particularly advantageous reduced.

According to the invention is a Method for producing a heat exchanger provided at the at least three elements of the heat exchanger, in particular the housing, the bypass flap and the bottom, with an assembly operation, in particular with a screwing operation to be mounted. The installation effort and the installation costs are reduced particularly advantageous.

Furthermore, a method for producing a heat exchanger is proposed, which is characterized by the following steps:
The tubes are inserted flush into the first floor, in particular into at least one opening of the floor, in particular such that the first pipe end sections are flush with the floor. The first pipe end sections are connected to the first floor, in particular in a form-fitting and / or material-locking manner. The pipes connected to the first floor are inserted flush into the housing. The tubes, after being inserted into the first floor, can be positively connected in the section of the first pipe end sections by widening. The resulting assembly can be inserted into the first housing.

In an advantageous development, the second Rohrendabschnitte in the second floor, in particular in at least one opening of the second Bottom flush pushed in, followed by the first floor with the first pipe end sections under cooling of the first soil cohesively connected and / or the second floor with the second Rohrendabschnitten under cooling of the second floor, in particular by welding, soldering, gluing, etc., materially connected become. The soil is particularly advantageous during the cohesive bonding process, especially during the welding process, cooled by means of a device, by making the device the first floor particularly advantageous at least partially touched while cooling. The second floor is made by means of a device that covers the second floor at least partially touched, during the cohesive Connecting, especially during the welding process, cooled.

In an advantageous development of the first floor and / or the second floor with the housing connected.

Furthermore, a method for producing a heat exchanger is proposed, which is characterized by the following steps:
The pipes are inserted into the first and second floor. The first pipe end sections are connected to the first floor and the second pipe end sections are connected to the second floor, in particular in a form-fitting and / or material-locking manner. The pipes connected to the first and second floors are inserted into the housing. The diffuser, in particular the outlet diffuser, is bonded to the second base in a material-locking manner, in particular by welding, soldering, gluing, etc. in such a way that the second sealing element and the diffuser touch each other at least in sections. After having been inserted into the first and the second floor, the tubes are particularly advantageously connected in a form-fitting manner to the first floor in the sections of the first tube end sections and to the second floor in the sections of the second tube end sections in which the first tube end sections and the second Pipe end sections are widened. Particularly advantageously, the first pipe end sections are subsequently joined to the first floor in a material-locking manner, in particular by welding, soldering, gluing etc. The second Rohrendabschnitte are particularly advantageous with the second bottom cohesively, in particular by welding, soldering, gluing, etc., connected.

The In this way resulting unit is particularly advantageous in one operation in the housing insertable. Particularly advantageous is the diffuser, in particular the outlet diffuser, with the second bottom cohesively, in particular by Welding, connected. When inserting the connected to the second floor Diffusers in the housing the resulting assembly is inserted into the housing, that one previously in the case einbringbares second sealing element after insertion of the assembly in the case of Diffuser is at least partially touched. That way is particularly advantageous a tight connection between the diffuser and the housing produced.

at In another advantageous embodiment, the first medium is guided in a tube bundle, wherein the fluid one on the tube bundle arranged guide element comprises, at least partially in one Space between the tube bundle and the housing protrudes. As a result, a distance between the tube bundle and housing is reduced, so that the second medium primarily to the flow through the Tube bundle or the spaces between between adjacent tubes of the tube bundle is forced. This will at a given total mass flow of the second medium of the heat exchange with the pipe walls improved. in principle the guide element can be the housing also touch, with a corresponding construction of the guide element, for example out of a thin one Sheet a sufficiently low heat conduction from the pipes to the housing wall is present even at high temperatures of the first medium (Example Exhaust gas cooler) the housing Made of plastic.

In preferred detail design, the guide element is essentially formed as a sheet metal part, in particular of a stainless steel. As a result, a direct contact with the tube bundle is also in the case of very high temperatures of the first medium allows.

In expedient embodiment the guide element as a tube bundle substantially completely circumferentially Frame trained. This can then in the course of an assembly of the tube bundle simply over the Pushed tube bundle be and put over the entire circumference a reduction of the distance to the housing wall for sure.

in the Interest of a cost-effective Production and easy assembly, the guide element at least a resilient member, wherein the guide element by means of resilient member clamped and / or form-fitting the tube bundle is held. Besides the simple assembly is by such clamping, in particular non-cohesive fixing also a relative poor heat transfer between pipe wall and baffle ensured what in case a touch of the Guide element with the particular plastic housing advantageously is.

Advantageous is the tube bundle can be inserted into the housing together with the guide element fixed thereto, to enable a modular and quick installation. Especially preferred is the guide element at least in a direction of movement of the Inserting the tube bundle in the case resiliently movable to any protrusions of the housing in the Dodge the insertion.

to particularly advantageous optimization of the flow of the second medium the gaps between adjacent tubes of the tube bundle is a between the Guide element and a wall of the housing remaining distance not much larger than a distance between adjacent tubes of the tube bundle. hereby ensures that at least a majority of the second Medium between the tubes and not between the housing wall and the tube bundle flows.

Further advantageous embodiments are given in the dependent claims.

embodiments The invention are illustrated in the drawing and are explained in more detail below. It demonstrate

1 an isometric view of a heat exchanger,

2 a section AA through the heat exchanger,

3 a detail B of the heat exchanger,

4 another embodiment of the housing of a heat exchanger,

5 another embodiment of the housing of a heat exchanger,

6 a detail C of the housing of a heat exchanger,

7 a detail C of another embodiment of the housing of a heat exchanger,

8th an isometric view of a heat exchanger with a bypass flap and

9 an exploded view of a heat exchanger with a bypass flap.

10 a section DD through the flow through the I-flow heat exchanger,

11 an isometric view of a throughflow in the I-flow heat exchanger with bypass tube,

12 a section EE through a through-flow in the I-flow heat exchanger with EGR valve and / or bypass valve,

13 a top view of a through-flow in the I-flow heat exchanger with EGR valve and / or bypass valve,

14 a detailed representation F of the second sealing section,

15 a spatial sectional view of another embodiment of a heat exchanger,

16 a plan view of the heat exchanger 15 from above,

17 a planar sectional view of the heat exchanger 16 along the line AA,

18 a planar sectional view of the heat exchanger 16 along the line BB,

19 a sectional view of another embodiment of a heat exchanger,

20 a spatial sectional view of another embodiment of a heat exchanger,

21 a spatial sectional view of another embodiment of a heat exchanger,

22 a side sectional view of another embodiment of a heat exchanger,

23 a detail enlargement of the area A from 22 .

24 a schematic partial sectional view of another embodiment of a heat exchanger,

25 a schematic partial sectional view of another embodiment of a heat exchanger.

26 shows a partial spatial representation of another embodiment of a heat exchanger according to the invention.

27 shows a detailed spatial representation of a part of the heat exchanger 26 ,

28 shows a schematic spatial representation of a guide element of the heat exchanger 26 and 27 ,

1 shows an isometric view of a heat exchanger. The heat exchanger 100 has a housing 101 , a feeder 102 , a discharge nozzle 103 and a fastener 104 on.

About the feed pipe 102 the second medium M2, in particular the cooling medium, is supplied to the housing and via the discharge nozzle 103 out of the case 101 discharged again.

The housing 101 is made of a conditionally heat-resistant material, in particular plastic.

The feed pipe 102 , the discharge nozzle 103 and the fastener 104 are integral with the housing 101 , in particular by injection molding of a plastic, formed. From the case 101 are first stiffening struts 105 and second stiffening struts 106 educated. The stiffening struts 105 . 106 are in particular one-piece with the housing 101 educated. The first stiffening struts 105 are arranged substantially parallel to each other. The second stiffening struts 106 are also arranged substantially in parallel. The first stiffening struts 105 close with the second stiffening struts 106 essentially an angle α of 90 °.

In a further embodiment of the invention, not shown, the angle α assumes values of 0-90 °. In the fastener a bore is introduced. Above this is the heat exchanger 100 mounted on another component, not shown. The heat exchanger 100 has at least one floor 108 on. The bottom has a number of tube openings 109 on. The pipe openings 109 are essentially designed as oval slots. In the tube openings 109 In particular, pipes, not shown, winglet pipes, are inserted and connected to the ground 108 cohesively, in particular by soldering, welding, gluing, etc., connected. The pipe openings 109 are arranged in a number of pipe-opening rows, wherein the pipe-opening rows are arranged substantially parallel to each other.

The floor 108 is substantially square and formed with rounded corners. In another embodiment, not shown, the bottom has a round, an oval or another shape. From the bottom are a number of tongues 111 formed substantially parallel in the direction of the first stiffening struts 105 and in the direction of the second stiffening struts 106 are arranged. By means of a crimping process, in particular by Wellschlitzbördeln, the tongues are reshaped so that they with an invisible collar of the housing 101 are positively connected.

2 shows a section AA of the heat exchanger 200 , About a feed tube is the housing interior 204 the second medium, in particular the cooling medium, fed and via the discharge pipe 203 from inside the case 204 discharged again.

In another embodiment, not shown, the nozzle provides 203 the supply nozzle and the neck 202 the discharge nozzle. The nozzle 202 and the neck 203 are arranged on one side of the housing.

In another embodiment, not shown, the supply nozzle and the discharge nozzle are arranged on different sides of the housing. The feed pipe 202 and the discharge nozzle 203 have a nose 205 on, which is designed in particular circumferential. The nose 205 forms a latching element that engages in particular in the opening region of a supply and / or discharge pipe of the second medium M2 and is positively connected with this. The floor 208 is in particular by a forming process, in particular by punching and / or embossing, produced. The floor 208 has a number of openings 209 on. He is with the case 201 positively connected, in particular by screws.

In another embodiment, the bottom is by a forming process, such as flanging, in particular corrugated slot flanging, with the housing 201 connected.

In the case 201 is a recess, such as a groove 212 , in particular circumferential, introduced. The groove 212 is during the manufacturing process of the housing, in particular during injection molding, einbringbar. In the groove 212 is a sealing element 213 recoverable. The sealing element 213 is a rubber element, especially an O-ring.

In another embodiment, not shown, the sealing element 213 by introducing, in particular injecting, a sealing material into the groove 212 brought in. Inside the case 204 is a number of pipes 214 , in particular made of steel, preferably made of stainless steel, introduced and arranged such that adjacent tubes 214 are arranged substantially parallel to each other and in the direction of the flow path of the first medium M1, in particular of the exhaust gas. In other versions, other types of stainless steel are also other materials for the tubes 214 usable. The pipes 214 are designed in particular as winglet tubes. The pipes 214 have turbulence generators 217 on, which are formed in particular by a forming manufacturing process, such as punching or embossing, from the pipe wall into the pipe interior and / or from the pipe wall to the outside in the direction of an adjacent pipe 214 are formed. The turbulence generators in particular improve the heat transfer and / or the heat transfer between the first medium M1 and the second medium M2. The turbulence generator 217 also supported adjacent pipes 214 against each other and / or ensure the distance between adjacent pipes 214 ,

The turbulence generator 217 are fluids in the context of the invention. This applies in particular to those turbulence generators 217 coming from the walls of the pipes 214 protrude into the second medium M2.

The pipes 214 are through the openings 209 in the ground 208 and through the openings 216 the recording 215 in the ground 208 and in the recording 215 recorded and especially with the ground 208 and the recording 215 cohesively, in particular by welding, soldering, gluing, etc. and / or positively connected. The recording 215 is formed substantially rectangular and has at least one receiving end 218 on, which is bent in particular by forming and with the inclusion of an angle, not shown, of substantially 90 °.

In another embodiment, not shown, does not take indicated angles values from 0 to 90 °.

In the housing interior 201 is a flow guide 219 brought in. The flow guide 219 is substantially cup-shaped and causes the deflection of the flow direction of the first medium M1 substantially by 180 °. In another embodiment, the flow element causes a change in direction of the exhaust gas at an angle of 0 ° to 180 °. The flow guide is with the recording 215 cohesively by welding, soldering, gluing, etc. and / or positively connected.

In the upper part of the case 201 , at the side where the supply nozzle 202 and the discharge nozzle 203 are introduced, is a housing web 220 out of the housing towards the inside of the housing 204 educated. The housing web forms a stop for a non-illustrated flow blocking element, which in particular the flow of a front pipe portion of the tubes 214 effected with the second medium M2.

The (not shown) flow damper is a fluid in the sense of the invention.

3 shows a detail B of a heat exchanger 300 , The heat exchanger 300 has a housing 301 , first stiffening struts 305 and second stiffening struts 306 on. The flow guide 319 is with a guide 320 , in particular cohesively, by welding, soldering, gluing etc. and / or positively connected. The leadership 320 In particular, a tongue is in a guide counter-element 321 engages and with this, in particular form-fitting, is connected. The Füh insurance against element 321 is out of the case 301 , in particular in one piece, formed. In another embodiment, the guide counter element 321 , in particular cohesively, with the housing 301 be educated.

4 shows a housing cutout 401 of the heat exchanger 400 , The housing 401 has at least one first flow channel 402 on, in particular during injection molding of the housing, in particular by an internal gas pressure process, in the housing 401 is introduced. Through the first flow channel 402 the second medium M2 flows into the housing interior 403 , About a third flow channel 405 a part of the second medium M2 flows into the groove 404 , which is introduced into the housing, in particular during injection molding. In the groove 404 is an unillustrated sealing element can be introduced. By the flow of the sealing element, not shown, over the third flow channel 405 with the medium M2, the sealing element is cooled particularly advantageous. The housing 401 is made of plastic. In another embodiment, not shown, the housing 401 be formed of a different material.

5 shows a further embodiment of a housing 501 a heat exchanger 500 , The housing 501 has a first flow channel 502 on, in particular during injection molding, in particular of the plastic, in the housing 501 is introduced. In addition, the housing includes 501 a second flow channel 503 in the case 501 is introduced and with the first flow channel 501 is in flow communication. The second flow channel 503 stands with the housing interior 504 also in fluid communication. About the first flow channel 502 is the housing, the second flow channel 503 and the inside of the case 504 with the second medium M2, in particular the cooling medium, flowable. The housing 506 has a third flow channel with the groove 505 is in flow communication. The second medium M2 can in this way in the groove 505 flow and an unillustrated sealing element, which in the groove 505 einbringbar, cool particularly advantageous.

The too 4 and 5 described flow channels 402 . 405 . 502 . 503 . 505 are each fluid within the meaning of the invention. Each of the channels ensures a targeted transport of the second medium M2 within the housing, so that at least spatial partial area, such as the sealing element and its groove is improved cooled.

6 shows a detail C of the housing 601 a heat exchanger 600 , The housing 601 has at least one flange opening 602 and at least one groove 606 on. The flange opening 602 and / or the groove 606 are in particular during injection molding of the housing 601 in the case 601 recoverable. The flange opening 602 is formed as a through hole. The groove 606 is designed as a rectangular groove. However, it can also be V-shaped or have a different cross-sectional shape. The groove 606 is especially circumferential on the housing 601 brought in.

About a third flow channel 605 is the groove 606 and a sealable in the groove sealing element 607 , in particular an O-ring, with the second medium M2, the cooling medium, and flows into contact with this. The sealing element 607 is particularly advantageous by the medium M2 coolable.

7 shows a detail of a heat exchanger 700 with a housing 702 and a floor 703 , The housing 702 has a groove 706 and a housing interior 708 on. The interior of the housing 708 is in flow communication with the groove 706 , A third flow channel 705 connects the housing interior 708 with the groove 706 , The groove 706 and the sealing element 707 Occur at least in sections with the second medium M2, in particular the cooling medium in contact and are flowed through by this. The floor 703 has at least one bottom end portion 709 on, the housing flange 710 at least partially encompasses and with this form-fitting, in particular by crimping and / or cohesively, in particular by welding, soldering, gluing, etc., is connected.

The too 6 and 7 described flow channels 605 . 705 are also fluid in the context of the invention. Each of the channels causes a targeted transport of the second medium M2 within the housing, in this case to the sealing element 607 . 707 so that its cooling is improved.

8th shows an isometric view of a heat exchanger 800 with an entry exit diffuser 805 , The housing has an inlet connection 802 for the second medium M2 and an outlet nozzle 803 for the second medium M2. In another embodiment, not shown, the inlet nozzle 802 and the outlet nozzle 803 be reversed. The housing further has fastening elements 804 on. A housing flange 812 is over the diffuser flange 811 the entrance exit diffuser 805 , in particular form-fitting, with the housing via fastening elements 813 , in particular by screws, with the housing 801 connected.

The entry exit diffuser 805 is pyramid-shaped. He has a connection 806 for the first medium, in particular for the exhaust gas M1, up. About the entrance 806 the first medium M1 reaches an EGR valve, which controls and / or regulates the supplied quantity of the first medium M1, in particular of the exhaust gas. After the first medium M1, the EGR valve 807 has happened, it, if a bypass flap, not shown, it passes through a bottom of the housing, not shown 801 in the interior of the case 801 , The first medium flows through the interior of the housing, in particular in the U-flow, but the housing can also flow through in the I-flow and passes through an outlet 810 in a discharge line, not shown. An unillustrated bypass flap 808 is over a lever 809 so adjustable that over the entrance 806 supplied first medium M1 the housing and the radiator 800 be supplied or directly via a bypass, not shown to exit 810 arrives. In addition, the bypass flap 808 adjustable so that a part of the first medium M1 in the radiator 800 enters and a remaining other part of the first medium M1 via the bypass directly to the exit 810 is supplied.

9 shows an exploded view of the heat exchanger 900 , The heat exchanger 900 includes a housing 901 , Einströmungsleitelement 902 , which is cup-shaped and in particular ensures the U-flow of the first medium M1, is with the recording 903 , in particular cohesively, by welding, soldering, gluing, etc., connected. In the recording 903 and the floor 905 are pipes 904 inserted and insbesonde re cohesively with the receptacle and / or the ground, in particular by welding, soldering, gluing, etc. and / or positively connected. A first sealing element 906 seals the ground 905 against a housing flange of the housing, not specified 901 from. The first sealing element 906 is introduced in particular in the unspecified housing flange. A second sealing element 907 seals in a further embodiment, the ground 904 opposite the inlet / outlet diffuser 908 from.

After the recording 903 , the floor 905 and the pipes 904 are connected in a Fügeschritt and the flow guide 902 with the recording 903 is connected, the first sealing element in an unspecified groove of the housing flange of the housing 901 inserted and the pre-assembled or preassembled unit in the interior 909 of the housing 901 assembled.

Subsequently, in a further embodiment, a second sealing element 907 between the ground 905 and the entry exit diffuser 908 brought in. The entry exit diffuser 908 will be in a subsequent assembly process with the housing 901 over fasteners 910 , in particular screws, positively connected.

10 shows a section DD through a through-flow in the I-flow heat exchanger. Identical features are provided with the same reference numerals as in the previous figures.

The heat exchanger 1000 has a housing 801 with a first opening 1015 and a second opening 1016 on. The housing 801 points in the area of the first opening 1015 a first groove 1017 on. In the first groove 1017 is a first sealing element 1006 brought in. In the area of the second opening 1016 shows the case 801 a second groove 1018 on. In the second groove 1018 is a second sealing element 1011 brought in. The first density element 1006 is at least partially flowed around with the second medium M2. In this way, the first sealing element 1006 cooled. The second sealing element 1011 is at least partially also of the second medium, in particular the coolant, durchrömbar. In this way, the second sealing element 1011 cooled particularly advantageous. The heat exchanger 1000 has a first floor 1005 with a number of first pipe openings 1019 on. Furthermore, the heat exchanger 1000 a second floor 1003 with a number of second pipe openings 1020 on. A number of pipes 1004 is inside the case 801 arranged substantially parallel to each other and parallel to the flow direction of the first medium M1. The pipes 1004 have first pipe end sections 1013 and second pipe end sections 1014 on. The first pipe end sections 1013 touch at least partially the first pipe openings 1019 of the first soil 1005 ,

The pipes 1004 are in the range of the first pipe end sections 1013 cohesively with the first floor 1005 , in particular by welding, soldering, gluing, etc., to the first floor 1005 connected. The pipes 1004 are in the first pipe openings 1019 of the first soil 1005 plugged in. Further, the pipes 1004 in the area of the second pipe end sections 1014 in the second pipe openings 1020 of the second floor 1003 plugged in. The second pipe end sections 1014 are cohesively, in particular by welding, soldering, gluing, etc., with the second floor 1003 connected.

The first floor 1005 touched at least partially the first sealing element 1006 , By a non-illustrated positive connection of the first floor 1005 with the housing 801 By means of fasteners, in particular screws and nuts, is the first floor 1005 with the housing 801 connected. The first sealing element 1006 prevents leakage of the second medium M2 from the interior of the housing 801 outward.

Through the pipes 1004 flows first medium M1, in particular hot exhaust gas, through the heat exchanger 1000 and leaves the heat exchanger 1000 through the outlet diffuser 1012 , The second floor 1003 is in a manner not shown with the housing 801 cohesively and / or positively connected. In particular, the second floor 1003 with the housing 801 connected via a screw-nut connection. The housing 801 is in particular made of plastic. The outlet diffuser 1012 is positively connected via a screw-nut connection with the housing and / or the second floor. The outlet diffuser 1012 is formed such that the diameter decreases in the flow direction M1 of the first medium M1.

The heat exchanger 1000 is made by a process characterized by the following steps:
The pipes 1004 are cassetted. In a subsequent step, the pipes become 1004 in the first pipe openings 1019 of the first soil 1005 plugged in. Subsequently, the first Rohrendabschnitte 1013 widened so that the diameter of the tube 1004 enlarged in the region of the first pipe end sections at least in sections and in this way a positive connection between the first floor and the tubes 1004 will be produced. The first floor and the pipes connected with a positive fit 1004 form a first building unit. This unit is so in the housing interior of the housing 801 introduced that the second Rohrendabschnitte in the first opening 1015 be introduced. The tubes are further substantially parallel in the direction of the first medium M1 in the interior of the housing 801 pushed in until the first floor 1005 essentially the case 801 touched at least in sections circumferentially.

In a subsequent step, the pipes become 1004 with the second pipe end sections through the second pipe openings 1020 of the second floor 1003 plugged. The pipes 1004 be widened in the region of the second Rohrendabschnitte such that the diameter of the tubes 1004 at least partially enlarged and a positive connection between the second floor 1003 and the pipes 1004 will be produced. The second floor contacts the housing at least in sections 801 , In a subsequent step, the first floor becomes 1005 cohesively with the pipes 1004 in the area of the first pipe end sections 1013 connected by welding, soldering, gluing etc. During this joining process, the first floor becomes 1005 cooled with a device, not shown, so that the housing 801 and the first sealing element 1006 does not exceed a respective temperature at which the material of the housing 801 , in particular plastic, and / or the material of the first sealing element 1006 , especially rubber, are destroyed.

Subsequently or simultaneously, the second floor in the region of the second pipe openings 1020 cohesively, in particular by welding, soldering, gluing, etc., connected. During the integral connection or during the joining process, with a device, not shown, the second floor 1003 cooled. In this way it prevents the housing 801 exceeds a temperature at which the material of the housing 801 , In particular plastic, and / or the material of the second sealing element 1011 , especially rubber, are destroyed. The cohesive bonding of the first floor 1005 with the pipes 1004 and the cohesive connection of the second floor 1003 with the pipes 1004 can be done in parallel. In another embodiment, the first floor 1005 first with the pipes 1004 connected. Subsequently, the second floor 1003 with the pipes 1004 connected. In a further embodiment, first the second floor 1003 with the pipes 1004 and then the first floor 1005 with the pipes 1004 cohesively connected.

In a subsequent step, the outlet diffuser 1012 positively with the housing 801 and / or with the second floor 1003 connected by means of a screw-nut connection. In another embodiment, not shown, the outlet diffuser via a flare, in particular a Wellschlitzbördelverbindung with the housing 801 and / or the second floor 1003 connected. In another embodiment, the outlet diffuser 1012 cohesively, in particular by welding, soldering, gluing, etc., with the housing 801 and / or the second floor 1003 connected. At the same time or before or after, the first floor 1005 with the housing 801 positively connected by a screw-nut connection or by a flare, in particular Wellschlitzbördelverbindung. In another embodiment, the first floor 1005 with the housing 801 cohesively, in particular by welding, soldering, gluing, etc., connected. The inlet nozzle 802 for the second medium and the outlet nozzle 803 are made in one piece with the housing. In the illustrated embodiment, the inlet nozzle 802 and the outlet nozzle 803 at opposite portions of the housing 802 arranged. The inlet nozzle 802 and the outlet nozzle 803 can in another embodiment not shown on the same side of the housing 801 be arranged. In another embodiment, not shown, the inlet nozzle 802 and the outlet nozzle 803 be offset by an angle. The offset angle between entry and exit The connecting piece can assume values from 0 to 360 °.

In a further embodiment, not shown, the second floor 1003 in one piece with the outlet diffuser 1012 executed.

11 shows an isometric view of a heat exchanger, which is flowed through in the I-flow. Identical features are provided with the same reference numerals as in the previous figures.

The heat exchanger 1100 has a housing 1101 on. The housing 1101 is with unspecified reinforcing ribs, which are integral with the housing 1101 are executed, amplified. The housing has a first flange 1106 and a second flange 1107 on. The first flange 1106 has a number, in particular four non-designated first flange connection openings. Essentially parallel to the first flange 1106 is a first floor 1105 arranged. The first floor 1105 touched at least partially the first flange 1106 , The first floor 1105 has a number of first pipe openings 1119 and a first bypass opening 1110 on. Furthermore, the first floor points 1105 a number, in particular four first floor connection openings 1108 on.

In a Ausführüngsform not shown, the first Flanschverbindungsöffnungen and / or the second Flanschverbindungsöffnungen 1109 not shown sleeves. The sleeves can be subsequently pressed into the flange connection openings or in another embodiment already during the prototyping of the housing 1101 , in particular during injection molding, are introduced into the first and / or the second flange. The second flange 1107 has a number, in particular four second flange connection openings 1109 on. Essentially parallel to the second flange 1107 is a second floor 1103 arranged. The second floor 1103 touched at least partially the second flange 1107 , The second floor 1103 has a number, not shown, in particular four second floor connection openings. The second floor further includes a second bypass opening, not shown. The first floor 1105 and the first flange 1106 are connected by connecting elements, not shown, by the number of first Bodenverbin openings 1108 and the number of first flange connection openings are screwed or screwed.

By the number of second bottom connection openings and the number of second flange connection openings 1109 be introduced fasteners, in particular screws, or in the second flange 1107 screwed.

Next this type of connection of the first floor with the first flange and the second bottom with the second flange are in other embodiments other connections, such as a corrugated slot crimp etc. used.

By means of a bypass valve, not shown, the heat exchanger 1100 either completely through the bypass via the first bypass opening 1110 and the second, not shown, bypass opening in the region of the second floor 1103 be flowed through. Furthermore, the heat exchanger 1100 completely over the pipes 1104 with the first medium, in particular the exhaust gas to flow through. Furthermore, the heat exchanger 1100 partly by the bypass with the first medium M1, in particular the exhaust gas, and additionally by the number of tubes 1104 with the first medium M1, in particular the exhaust gas, are flowed through.

The pipes 1104 are essentially made of steel, especially stainless steel. In addition, other materials, such as plastic, ceramic, etc., for which the pipes 1104 conceivable. The first floor 1105 and / or the second floor 1103 are made of steel, especially stainless steel. In addition, the first floor can 1105 and / or the second floor 1103 be made of other metals, ceramics, heat-resistant plastics, etc.

12 shows a section EE of a flow through the I-flow heat exchanger. Identical features are provided with the same reference numerals as in the previous figures.

The heat exchanger 1200 has an entrance diffuser 1211 on. The entrance diffuser 1211 has an unillustrated EGR valve and / or a bypass damper 1201 , The first medium M1, in particular the exhaust gas, enters the inlet diffuser 1211 one. The amount of the entering first medium M1 is controlled by the unillustrated EGR valve. According to the position of the bypass flap 1201 either the entire first medium M1 flows through the tubes 1004 , in another position of the bypass flap 1201 the entire first medium M1 flows through a bypass, not shown. In a third position of the bypass flap 1201 a portion of the first medium M1 flows through the tubes 1004 , another part of the first medium M1 flows through the bypass, not shown.

The outlet diffuser 1212 is positively and / or cohesively, in particular by welding, soldering, gluing, etc., with the second floor 1003 connected. In another embodiment, not shown, the outlet diffuser 1212 in one piece with the second floor 1003 educated.

From the outlet diffuser 1212 is a ring-shaped section 1213 educated. This annular section 1213 is in the illustrated embodiment in one piece with the outlet diffuser 1212 educated. In another embodiment, not shown, the ring portion with the outlet diffuser 1212 , in particular cohesively, by welding, soldering, gluing, etc., connected. The section 1213 but may also be rectangular or design another form. The outlet diffuser section 1213 touched at least partially the second sealing element 1011 , The outlet diffuser section 1213 and the second sealing element 1011 close the unspecified second opening of the housing 801 dense, so that no second medium M2 from the second opening of the housing, not shown 801 can escape to the outside.

In an embodiment not shown, the outlet diffuser section 1213 an outlet diffuser groove, not shown, into which the second sealing element 1011 can be introduced. In the described embodiment, there is no second groove 1018 in the case 801 brought in.

The following describes a method of manufacturing a heat exchanger, comprising the following steps:
The number of pipes 1004 is cassetted. The first pipe end sections 1013 be in the first pipe passage opening of the first floor 1005 plugged in and with the first floor 1005 positive and / or cohesive, in particular by welding, soldering, gluing, etc., connected. The second pipe end sections 1014 be in the second pipe openings of the second floor 1003 stuck and with the second floor 1003 positive and / or cohesive, in particular by welding, soldering, gluing, etc., connected. This is the first floor 1005 essentially parallel to the second floor 1003 aligned. The first floor 1005 and the second floor 1003 are aligned substantially perpendicular to the flow direction M1 of the first medium M1. The outlet diffuser 1212 gets to the second floor 1003 positively and / or materially, in particular by welding, soldering, gluing, etc., connect such that the outlet diffuser section 1213 essentially parallel to the first floor 1005 and / or to the second floor 1003 is aligned. In another embodiment, not shown, the second floor 1003 and the exit diffuser 1212 executed in one piece. The resulting structure is accordingly on the pipes 1004 plugged and with these form-fitting and / or material fit, in particular by welding, soldering, gluing, etc., connected.

The resulting building unit, which is the first floor 1005 , the number of pipes 1004 , the second floor 1003 and the exit diffuser 1212 or the one-piece unit, consisting of the second floor 1003 and the exit diffuser 1212 , is substantially in the later flow direction M1 of the first medium M1 in the interior of the housing 801 inserted through the first opening, not shown, until the first bottom touches the non-designated first flange.

13 shows a plan view of a heat exchanger, which is flowed through in the I-flow. Identical features are provided with the same reference numerals as in the previous figures.

The heat exchanger 1300 has an entrance diffuser 1311 on. The entrance diffuser 1311 has a bypass output 1314 on. Further, the entrance diffuser has 1311 an EGR valve 1315 on. The first medium M1, in particular exhaust gas, enters the inlet diffuser 1311 and flows through the EGR valve. The EGR valve 1315 controls the mass flow on the first medium M1, with which the heat exchanger 1300 is flowed. After flowing through the EGR valve, the first medium M1 passes through a bypass flap, not shown. Depending on the position of the bypass flap, either the entire first medium is passed through the heat exchanger 1300 directed and leaves the heat exchanger 1300 through the outlet diffuser 1312 or the entire first medium is directly bypassed 1314 passed and does not flow through the heat exchanger 1300 or part of the first medium M1 flows through the heat exchanger 1300 Direction exit diffuser 1312 and the other part of the first medium M1 becomes the bypass 1314 directed.

14 shows a detailed view F of the second sealing portion. Identical features are provided with the same reference numerals as in the previous figures.

The cutout of the heat exchanger 1400 shows a housing section 1401 , The housing section 1401 has a second groove 1418 on. The groove 1418 is in particular circumferentially introduced in the housing. It is for example during injection molding of the housing section 1401 generated. In another embodiment, not shown, the groove 1418 generated by a machining process. In the groove 1418 is a sealing element 1411 , In particular, an O-ring made of rubber, introduced. Furthermore, the detail F has a portion of the outlet diffuser 1412 on. From the outlet diffuser 1412 there is an outlet diffuser section 1413 from. The outlet diffuser section 1413 touched at least partially the second sealing element 1411 , In this way it is prevented that the second medium M2, in particular the cooling medium, from the housing interior 1402 of the housing 1401 outward exit. In the illustrated embodiment, the exit diffuser section is 1413 in one piece with the outlet diffuser 1412 educated. In another embodiment, not shown, the exit diffuser section 1413 cohesively, in particular by welding, gluing, soldering, etc., with the outlet diffuser 1412 connected.

15 to 18 show a further embodiment, to which only the housing 1501 of the heat exchanger is shown. The other, not shown components correspond, for example, the embodiment according to 2 ,

The housing 1501 is formed as a one-piece plastic molded part, wherein an inlet 1502 and an outlet 1503 for supplying and discharging the second medium, in particular coolant of a main cooling circuit of an internal combustion engine, are formed as a hose connection piece. The housing has a flange 1504 with a groove 1505 into which an annular sealing element 1506 is inserted. On the flange is an entry-side bottom as in 2 or 9 placed.

To the groove 1505 adjacent and parallel another groove 1507 provided, which forms a flow channel for guiding the coolant. The groove 1507 is about a passage 1507a immediately with the inlet 1502 connected, near the flange 1504 is arranged. From the passage 1507a from the coolant flows in two partial streams in opposite directions along the other groove 1507 , On the inlet 1502 opposite side of the housing is in the groove 1507 a breakthrough 1508 in the interior of the case 1501 intended. At this breakthrough 1508 the two partial flows of the coolant unite again and enter the interior of the housing for further cooling of the exchanger tubes. In this way, by the entering coolant with a particularly low temperature initially the area of the sealing element 1506 and the contact points of the plastic housing 1501 cooled with the metallic bottom. In this way, a destructive heat input from the first medium M1 through the bottom into the housing plastic and / or the sealing element is avoided at these critical points. One the grooves 1505 and 1507 separating footbridge 1509 can also be shortened or executed with a plurality of interruptions, so that the coolant at least partially directly to the sealing element 1506 flows along.

The second medium from the inlet 1502 until the passage 1508 leading breakthroughs 1507a and grooves 1507 form fluid in the context of the invention. By this fluid is an improved cooling of the area of the seal and system of the plastic housing 1501 reached at the bottom.

19 schematically shows a further embodiment of a heat exchanger with an optimized flow of the second medium. The housing 1901 may in principle correspond to one of the other illustrated housing of an I-flow or U-FIOW heat exchanger, wherein the other components such as floors and exchanger tubes are not shown for the sake of simplicity. The housing 1901 is a plastic part with at least one particular inlet-side connection 1902 for the particular liquid second medium. The connection 1902 is formed as a sectionally cylindrical connection piece for a coolant hose. Between the actual interior 1906 of the housing and the cylindrical portion of the connector 1902 is an expansion 1903 intended. The expansion 1903 has sloping walls 1904 . 1905 such that the geometric passage area for the second medium is between the port 1902 and the housing interior 1906 increases over the flow path. As a result, the incoming medium flow undergoes a fanning out in different directions (diffusion) as well as increasingly turbulent components. In addition, in the present case, the inclination of a wall 1904 with respect to an axis of symmetry of the connection defining the geometric entry direction of the second medium 1902 steeper than the slope of the other wall 1905 , so that the medium flow in the region of the expansion undergoes a change in its mean flow direction.

The expansion 1903 is a fluid in the context of the invention, wherein by the expansion of an optimization of the distribution of the second medium and its partial flows in the interior 1906 of the housing 1901 causes. The housing 1901 is in the present case a plastic housing, wherein connection 1902 and expansion 1903 are formed integrally with the housing.

20 shows a further embodiment of a heat exchanger, the of 2 is similar. In a plastic housing 2001 is a bundle of exchanger tubes 2002 arranged. The exchanger tubes 2002 are each formed as me-metallic flat tubes, which lead the first medium, in particular exhaust gas. A flow guide 2003 for the deflection of the first medium M1 is analog 2 over a floor 2004 with the exchanger tubes 2002 connected.

The exchanger tubes 2002 wise, similar to in 2 , in your walls formations 2005 on, which are formed as imprints. The formations project beyond the wall surfaces of the tubes 2002 into the second medium. In particular, they are approximately equal in height or equal to the distance adjacent exchanger tubes 2002 such that the flow flow of the second medium is influenced by the indentations. This may be a change in the main flow direction and / or locally generated turbulence in the second medium. The formations 2005 are fluids in the context of the invention.

21 shows an embodiment of the heat exchanger as in 20 , In addition to the design according to 20 are in the case 2101 formations 2102 formed in the manner of projections of the housing walls. The projections 2102 are approximately triangular in cross-section and protrude to just before the exchanger tubes 2003 into the interior of the housing. At these points, the free flow cross-section for the second medium is narrowed in the edge region of the housing, so that the medium flows increasingly between the exchanger tubes. Depending on the arrangement of the projections 2102 the main flow of the second medium can also be deflected several times and have a more complex course. The projections 2102 are designed so that the free cross-section of the housing 2101 remains sufficient to insert a prefabricated unit of trays and exchanger tubes in the housing. In 21 This is made possible in particular by the fact that two projections 2102 are arranged offset in the longitudinal direction of opposite sides, so that the diameter thickened deflection 2104 first at one, and subsequently at the other projection 2102 is attached before. To simplify the assembly, the projections 2102 For this flattened edges in the insertion direction of the prefabricated module 2105 on.

22 and 23 show a schematically illustrated embodiment of the 2 is similar. On the existing plastic housing 2201 is a floor 2202 set, which is designed as a sheet metal part and a bundle of exchanger tubes 2203 receives. The edge is the floor 2202 directly on a flange 2204 of the housing 2201 in which a sealant 2205 is inserted in a groove. That's the bottom 2202 consists of metal and therefore is thermally well conductive, there is the problem of heat input into the sealing element and the contacting housing portion. To reduce the heat supplied to these points of contact, the bottom points in the immediate vicinity of the flange 2204 a molding in form of a double bend 2206 on, by which the path of the heat conduction and the surface of the soil in contact with the coolant are increased. Such a shape is inexpensive and easy to introduce into a sheet metal part.

An alternative or complementary variant of the molding for enlarging the surface of the soil in the vicinity of the sealing element shows 24 , Here, the shape is formed as by soldering or welding attached sheet metal part.

Furthermore, alternatively or additionally, the shape according to 25 as a grooving or wave 2206b of the floor be formed, what like in 22 allows a one-piece molding of the soil, in particular as a sheet metal part.

The variants of the molding 2206 . 2206a . 2206b are fluids in the context of the invention.

26 shows an embodiment of a heat exchanger, the embodiments of 20 and 21 is similar. A bunch of pipes 2603 for guiding the first medium M1 is end in a bottom element 2602 recorded in a flow guide 2604 for deflecting the first medium opens.

The pipes 2603 have over their course a lateral distance to the surrounding wall of the housing 2601 , which in the present case consists of plastic. In addition, the tubes have a lateral distance from each other, so that in the housing 2601 guided second medium M2 between the pipes 2603 can flow. The distance between the pipes 2603 and the housing 2601 is due to a design due to a lateral projection floor element 2602 , On the other hand, this distance will be relatively large for safety reasons, to an immediate contact of housing 2601 and pipes 2603 avoid at all costs. A typical distance between the pipes is about 1.5 mm, while the distance between pipes and housing 2601 typically about 5 mm and thus is much larger. As a result, the second medium M2 would preferably flow between the peripheral tubes and the housing wall and only to a small extent between adjacent tubes 2603 ,

To the proportion of between the pipes 2603 to increase flowing medium M2, are a plurality of guide elements 2606 arranged on the tube bundle, which the passage of the second medium between the tube bundle and the housing 2601 at least partially obstruct. The guiding elements 2606 are designed as sheet metal parts made of stainless steel. They each form a closed frame, the housing with its outer edge 2601 is immediately adjacent or abuts on this and with its inner edge the tube bundle 2603 surrounded and supported on this. For this purpose, in the region of the inner edge of the frame-like guide elements 2606 Federelas table members 2607 provided in the form of bent segments. As in particular the presentation 27 shows, lie the segments 2607 Federeleastisch clamping on the surface of the outer tubes 2603 of the tube bundle.

The pipes 2603 have something similar to the execution 20 Projection of first kind 2505 , which protrude from the pipe surface in the second medium M2. In addition, the tubes have projections of the second kind 2505a , the type of known winglets in the pipes 2603 and protrude the first medium M1.

The projections of the first kind 2605 improve the turbulence of the second Mediumd M2 and thus the heat exchange. In addition, they form an additional positive retention of the guide elements 2606 so that they remain positioned in the longitudinal direction of the tube bundle. As a result, both in the course of assembly and during operation slipping of the clamping, but not cohesively (eg soldering) attached vanes 2606 avoided.

In 26 are for better clarity, only two tubes 2603 represented the tube bundle. The assembly of the heat exchanger is done so that first is the pipes 2603 with the ground 2602 and / or optionally further elements, not shown, are welded in the inlet region of the first medium. In the course of this assembly of the tube bundle become the guiding element 2606 pushed onto the tube bundle. The pre-assembled tube bundle is then removed from the side of the 26 Housing flange shown in the housing 2601 inserted. In case of collisions of the guide elements 2606 with projections of the housing 2601 (eg the flange), the guide elements 2606 yield elastically so that the assembly is simple and reliable.

When assembled, the distance between the housing 2601 and guiding elements 2606 sufficiently small, for example about 1 mm in the sense of the aforementioned numerical example. The guiding elements 2606 can also be applied directly to the housing. With correspondingly thin design of the guide elements 2606 made of sheet steel, there is only a relatively small heat conduction from the pipe surfaces to the housing wall.

The Features of the various embodiments can be combined with each other. The invention is also for others can be used as the areas shown.

Claims (58)

Heat exchanger, in particular exhaust gas heat exchanger, comprising a housing ( 101 . 201 . 301 . 401 . 501 . 601 . 702 . 801 . 901 . 1101 . 1401 ), which can be traversed by at least one first medium (M1) and at least one second medium (M2), at least one sealing element ( 213 . 607 . 707 . 906 . 1006 . 1011 . 1411 ), characterized in that the sealing element ( 213 . 607 . 707 . 906 . 1006 . 1011 . 1411 ) comes in contact at least in sections with the second medium (M2). Heat exchanger, in particular exhaust gas heat exchanger, comprising a housing ( 101 . 201 . 301 . 401 . 501 . 601 . 702 . 801 . 901 . 1101 . 1401 . 1501 . 1901 . 2001 . 2101 . 2201 . 2601 ), which can be traversed by at least one first medium (M1) and at least one second medium (M2), at least one sealing element ( 213 . 607 . 707 . 906 . 1006 . 1011 . 1411 . 1506 . 2205 ), characterized in that within the housing at least one of the second medium flowing around fluid ( 217 . 1507 . 1507a . 1508 . 1904 . 2005 . 2105 . 2206 . 2206a . 2206b . 2606 ), wherein heat transfer from the first medium to the second medium is improved by the fluid. Heat exchanger according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the sealing element ( 213 . 607 . 707 . 906 . 1006 . 1011 . 1411 ) comes in contact at least in sections with the second medium (M2). Heat exchanger according to claim 2, characterized in that the fluid has a shape ( 217 . 2205 ) protruding on a wall of a tube leading the first medium into the second medium. Heat exchanger according to claim 4, characterized in that the shaping as structuring of the wall of the tube, in particular as embossing ( 217 . 2205 ), is trained. heat exchangers according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that the molding a rib member comprises. Heat exchanger according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the formation of a second medium leading housing channel ( 1507 . 1507a . 1508 ) connected by a connection area ( 1502 ) of the housing to a mouth region ( 1508 ) leads. Heat exchanger according to claim 7, characterized in that the housing channel ( 1507 . 1507a . 1508 ) is formed within a wall of the housing. Heat exchanger according to claim 8, characterized in that the housing channel ( 1507 . 1507a . 1508 ) and the housing ( 1501 ) are formed as one-piece plastic molding. Heat exchanger according to one of claims 7 to 9, characterized in that the housing channel ( 1507 . 1507a . 1508 ) at least in sections on a sealing element ( 1506 ) leads along. Heat exchanger according to claim 10, characterized in that the sealing element ( 1506 ) by means of the housing channel ( 1507 . 1507a . 1508 ) is in direct contact with the second medium (M2). Heat exchanger according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the fluid is a widening ( 1904 ) of a connection area ( 1902 ) for the second medium. Heat exchanger according to claim 12, characterized in that the expansion ( 1904 ) an inclined wall section ( 1903 . 1905 ), wherein a geometric passage cross-section for the second medium continuously widens over the inclined wall portion. Heat exchanger according to claim 12 or 13, characterized in that the expansion ( 1904 ) is formed asymmetrically with respect to a geometric direction of entry of the second medium. Heat exchanger according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the fluid one on a wall of the housing ( 2101 ) trained advantage ( 2102 ). Heat exchanger according to claim 15, characterized in that a passage cross-section between the wall and a tube carrying the first medium ( 2103 ) by the projection ( 2102 ) is reduced. Heat exchanger according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the sealing element ( 2205 ) between the housing ( 2201 ) and a particular metal floor ( 2206 ) of the heat exchanger is arranged, the Strömungsmit tel arranged in the vicinity of the seal, a thermally conductive molding ( 2206 . 2206a . 2206b ) of the soil. Heat exchanger according to claim 17, characterized in that a surface in contact with the second medium of the sealing element ( 2205 ) adjacent area of the soil ( 2202 ) is increased by the shape. Heat exchanger according to claim 17 or 18, characterized in that the formation of the bottom of a thermally conductive connected to the ground metal part ( 2206a ), in particular a sheet metal part. Heat exchanger according to one of claims 17 to 19, characterized in that the shaping ( 2206 . 2206b ) is formed integrally with the bottom. Heat exchanger according to claim 20, characterized in that the formation at least one Einrillung ( 2206b ) of the bottom, which projects in particular into the second medium. Heat exchanger according to claim 20 or 21, characterized in that the bottom ( 2202 ) is formed as a sheet metal part, wherein the formation as a multiple bend ( 2206 ) of the sheet metal part is formed in the vicinity of the sealing element. Heat exchanger according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the housing ( 101 . 201 . 301 . 401 . 501 . 601 . 702 . 801 . 901 . 1101 . 1401 ) is formed of a material that is only limited heat resistance. Heat exchanger according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the housing ( 101 . 201 . 301 . 401 . 501 . 601 . 702 . 801 . 901 . 1101 . 1401 ) is formed of plastic. Heat exchanger according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the sealing element ( 213 . 607 . 707 . 906 . 1006 . 1011 . 1411 ) into a groove ( 212 . 404 . 505 . 606 . 706 . 1017 . 1018 . 1418 ) can be introduced. Heat exchanger according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one connecting piece ( 202 . 203 . 802 . 803 ) and / or at least one connecting flange ( 812 . 1106 . 1107 ) and / or at least one fastening element ( 104 ) in one piece with the housing ( 101 . 201 . 301 . 401 . 501 . 601 . 702 . 801 . 901 . 1101 . 1401 ) are formed. Heat exchanger according to claim 25 or 26, characterized in that the groove ( 212 . 404 . 505 . 606 . 706 . 1017 . 1018 . 1418 ) in flow communication with a housing interior ( 204 . 504 . 608 . 708 . 1402 ) stands. Heat exchanger according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the housing ( 101 . 201 . 301 . 401 . 501 . 601 . 702 . 801 . 901 . 1101 . 1401 ) at least one first flow channel ( 402 . 502 ), which can be flowed through by the second medium (M2), in particular by the cooling medium. Heat exchanger according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the housing ( 101 . 201 . 301 . 401 . 501 . 601 . 702 . 801 . 901 . 1101 . 1401 ) at least one second flow channel ( 503 ), which can be flowed through by the second medium (M2), in particular by the cooling medium. Heat exchanger according to claim 29, characterized in that the first flow channel ( 402 . 502 ) with the second flow channel ( 503 ) is in flow communication. Heat exchanger according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a flow guide ( 219 . 319 . 902 ) at least one guide element ( 320 ) having. Heat exchanger according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the housing ( 101 . 201 . 301 . 401 . 501 . 601 . 702 . 801 . 901 . 1101 . 1401 ) at least one guide counter-element ( 321 ), which in particular with the guide element ( 320 ) is positively connected. Heat exchanger according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the heat exchanger ( 100 . 200 . 300 . 400 . 500 . 600 . 700 . 800 . 900 ) is wetted with the first medium (M1), in particular with the exhaust gas, in the U-flow. Heat exchanger according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the heat exchanger ( 100 . 200 . 300 . 400 . 500 . 600 . 700 . 800 . 900 . 1000 . 1100 . 1200 . 1300 . 1400 ) has at least one bypass. Heat exchanger according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the heat exchanger ( 100 . 200 . 300 . 400 . 500 . 600 . 700 . 800 . 900 . 1000 . 1100 . 1200 . 1300 . 1400 ) at least one bypass flap ( 808 ) having. Heat exchanger according to one of the preceding claims or according to the preamble of claim 2, characterized in that the heat exchanger ( 1000 . 1100 . 1200 . 1300 . 1400 ) a first opening ( 1015 ) and at least one second opening ( 1016 ), and the heat exchanger ( 1000 . 1100 . 1200 . 1300 . 1400 ) is flowed through in the I-flow. Heat exchanger according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a second sealing element ( 1011 . 1411 ) into a second groove ( 1018 . 1418 ), wherein the second sealing element ( 1011 . 1411 ) comes in contact at least in sections with the second medium (M2). Heat exchanger according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a first floor ( 108 . 208 . 603 . 703 . 905 . 1005 . 1105 ) is at least partially connectable to the housing, in particular positive and / or cohesive, and / or a second floor ( 1003 . 1103 ) at least in sections with the housing ( 101 . 201 . 301 . 401 . 501 . 601 . 702 . 801 . 901 . 1101 . 1401 ), in particular form-fitting and / or cohesive, is connectable. Heat exchanger according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a second floor ( 1003 . 1103 ) at least in sections with the housing ( 101 . 201 . 301 . 401 . 501 . 601 . 702 . 801 . 901 . 1101 . 1401 ), in particular form-fitting and / or cohesive, is connectable. Heat exchanger according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first floor ( 108 . 208 . 603 . 703 . 905 . 1005 . 1105 ) at least one first pipe passage opening ( 1019 ) for receiving at least one tube ( 214 . 904 . 1004 . 1104 ) having. Heat exchanger according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the second floor ( 1003 . 1103 ) at least one second pipe passage opening ( 1020 ) for receiving at least one tube ( 1004 . 1104 ) having. Heat exchanger according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that first pipe end sections ( 1013 ) of the pipes ( 214 . 904 . 1004 . 1104 ) with the first floor ( 108 . 208 . 603 . 703 . 905 . 1005 . 1105 ) are positively and / or cohesively connectable. Heat exchanger according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that second pipe end sections ( 1014 ) of the pipes ( 1004 . 1104 ) are positively connected to the second bottom and / or cohesively connectable. Heat exchanger according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a diffuser ( 1012 . 1212 . 1412 ), in particular an outlet diffuser, at least in sections, the second sealing element ( 1011 . 1411 ) touched. Heat exchanger according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first medium (M1) in a tube bundle ( 2603 ), wherein the fluid is arranged on the tube bundle guide element ( 2606 ), which at least partially into a space between the tube bundle ( 2603 ) and the housing ( 2601 ) protrudes. Heat exchanger according to claim 45, characterized in that the guide element ( 2606 ) is formed substantially as a sheet metal part, in particular of a stainless steel. Heat exchanger according to one of claims 45 or 46, characterized in that the guide element ( 2606 ) as a tube bundle ( 2603 ) is formed substantially completely circumferential frame. Heat exchanger according to one of claims 45 to 47, characterized in that the guide element ( 2606 ) at least one resilient member ( 2607 ), wherein the guide element ( 2606 ) by means of the resilient member ( 2607 ) clamped and / or positively on the tube bundle ( 2603 ) is held. Heat exchanger according to one of claims 45 to 48, characterized in that the tube bundle ( 2603 ) together with the guide element ( 2606 ) in the housing ( 2601 ) can be used. Heat exchanger according to claim 49, characterized in that the guide element ( 2606 ) at least in a direction of movement of the insertion of the tube bundle ( 2603 ) in the housing ( 2601 ) is elastically movable to any protrusions of the housing ( 2601 ) evade in the course of insertion. Heat exchanger according to one of claims 45 to 50, characterized in that a between the guide element ( 2606 ) and a wall of the housing ( 2601 ) remaining distance is not significantly greater than a distance between adjacent tubes ( 2603 ) of the tube bundle. Method for producing a heat exchanger, in particular according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one connecting piece ( 202 . 203 . 802 . 803 ) and / or at least one connecting flange ( 812 . 1106 . 1107 ) and / or at least one fastening element ( 104 ) in one piece with the housing ( 101 . 201 . 301 . 401 . 501 . 601 . 702 . 801 . 901 . 1101 . 1401 ) and in particular the housing and / or at least one connecting piece ( 202 . 203 . 802 . 803 ) and / or at least one connecting flange ( 812 . 1106 . 1107 ) and / or at least one fastening element ( 104 ) are produced by injection molding. Method for producing a heat exchanger, in particular according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first flow channel ( 402 . 502 ) and / or the second flow channel ( 503 ) are produced by injection molding, in particular with an internal gas pressure method. Method for producing a heat exchanger, in particular according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least three elements of the heat exchanger, in particular the housing ( 101 . 201 . 301 . 401 . 501 . 601 . 702 . 801 . 901 . 1101 . 1401 ), the bypass flap ( 808 . 1201 ) and the ground ( 108 . 208 . 603 . 703 . 905 . 1003 . 1005 . 1103 . 1105 ) are mounted in a mounting operation, which are connected in particular in a screwing operation. Method for producing a heat exchanger, in particular according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by the following steps: a) the tubes ( 214 . 904 . 1004 . 1104 ), in particular flush, in the first floor ( 108 . 208 . 603 . 703 . 905 . 1005 . 1105 ) inserted. b) The first pipe end sections ( 1013 ) be with the first floor ( 108 . 208 . 603 . 703 . 905 . 1005 . 1105 ), in particular positively and / or materially connected. c) The first floor ( 108 . 208 . 603 . 703 . 905 . 1005 . 1105 ) connected pipes ( 214 . 904 . 1004 . 1104 ) are placed in the housing ( 101 . 201 . 301 . 401 . 501 . 601 . 702 . 801 . 901 . 1101 . 1401 ) inserted. Method according to one of claims 52-55, characterized in that the second pipe end sections ( 1014 ) in the second floor ( 1003 . 1103 ), in particular flush, are inserted, with subsequently the first floor ( 108 . 208 . 603 . 703 . 905 . 1005 . 1105 ) with the first pipe end sections ( 1013 ) connected in a material-locking manner with cooling of the first floor and / or the second floor ( 1003 . 1103 ) with the second pipe end sections ( 1014 ) while cooling the second soil ( 1003 . 1103 ), in particular by welding, soldering, gluing, etc., are firmly bonded. Method according to one of claims 52-56, characterized in that the first floor ( 108 . 208 . 603 . 703 . 905 . 1005 . 1105 ) and / or the second floor ( 1003 . 1103 ) with the housing ( 101 . 201 . 301 . 401 . 501 . 601 . 702 . 801 . 901 . 1101 . 1401 ) get connected. Method for producing a heat exchanger, in particular according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by the following steps: a) the tubes ( 214 . 904 . 1004 . 1104 ) are in the first soil, in particular flush, ( 108 . 208 . 603 . 703 . 905 . 1005 . 1105 ) and the second floor ( 1003 . 1103 ), in particular flush, inserted. b) The first pipe end sections ( 1014 ) be with the first floor ( 108 . 208 . 603 . 703 . 905 . 1005 . 1105 ) and the second pipe end sections ( 1014 ) are connected to the second floor ( 1003 . 1103 ), in particular positive and / or cohesive, ver prevented. c) The first floor ( 108 . 208 . 603 . 703 . 905 . 1005 . 1105 ) and the second floor ( 1003 . 1103 ) connected pipes ( 214 . 904 . 1004 . 1104 ) are placed in the housing ( 101 . 201 . 301 . 401 . 501 . 601 . 702 . 801 . 901 . 1101 . 1401 ) inserted. d) The diffuser ( 1012 . 1212 . 1412 ), in particular the outlet diffuser, is connected to the second floor ( 1003 . 1103 ), in particular by welding, soldering, gluing, etc., connected such that the second sealing element ( 1011 . 1411 ) and the diffuser ( 1012 . 1212 . 1412 ) Touch each other at least in sections.