DE102006008166A1 - Method for photo-voltaic power production using solar cells, involves concentrating sunlight by reflector, reflector partly consists of thin film solar cells or is coated with thin film solar cells - Google Patents
Method for photo-voltaic power production using solar cells, involves concentrating sunlight by reflector, reflector partly consists of thin film solar cells or is coated with thin film solar cells Download PDFInfo
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- DE102006008166A1 DE102006008166A1 DE200610008166 DE102006008166A DE102006008166A1 DE 102006008166 A1 DE102006008166 A1 DE 102006008166A1 DE 200610008166 DE200610008166 DE 200610008166 DE 102006008166 A DE102006008166 A DE 102006008166A DE 102006008166 A1 DE102006008166 A1 DE 102006008166A1
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- solar cells
- reflector
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- thin film
- radiation
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- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 7
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract 6
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000012761 high-performance material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 3
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000013021 overheating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910004613 CdTe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001218 Gallium arsenide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910021417 amorphous silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012876 carrier material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013529 heat transfer fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011147 inorganic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011368 organic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011343 solid material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012780 transparent material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
- H01L31/054—Optical elements directly associated or integrated with the PV cell, e.g. light-reflecting means or light-concentrating means
- H01L31/0547—Optical elements directly associated or integrated with the PV cell, e.g. light-reflecting means or light-concentrating means comprising light concentrating means of the reflecting type, e.g. parabolic mirrors, concentrators using total internal reflection
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/52—PV systems with concentrators
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Zur umweltfreundlichen Elektrizitätsgewinnung werden in letzter Zeit verstärkt photovoltaisch wirkende Solarzellen verwendet. Diese wandeln solare Strahlung direkt in elektrischen Strom um, indem jeweils ein Photon der Sonnenstrahlung ein Elektron in der Solarzelle freisetzt, wobei das Photon eine Mindestenergie besitzen muß, die bei den heute meistgenutzten Siliziumzellen bei Wellenlängen unter etwa 950 nm gegeben ist – zu kürzeren Wellenlängen hin steigt die Energie. Hat das Photon mehr Energie als für das Freisetzen des Elektrons benötigt wird, wird diese in der Zelle in Wärme umgewandelt.to environmentally friendly electricity generation are getting stronger recently used photovoltaic solar cells. These convert solar Radiation directly into electrical current by, in each case, a photon the solar radiation releases an electron in the solar cell, wherein the photon must have a minimum energy, which is the most used today Silicon cells at wavelengths is given below about 950 nm - too shorter wavelength the energy rises. Does the photon have more energy than release? the electron is needed this will heat up in the cell transformed.
Die gebräuchlichsten Solarzellen bestehen aus Silizium das in monokristalliner, polykristalliner oder amorpher Form verwendet wird. Der Wirkungsgrad und ebenso der Preis der Zellen verläuft in gleicher Reihenfolge.The common Solar cells are made of silicon in monocrystalline, polycrystalline or amorphous form is used. The efficiency and also the price the cells runs in the same order.
Zukünftig werden auch Materialien wie beispielsweise CIS, CdTe, GaAs, CuInSe2, aber auch organische, bzw. biologische Zellen etc., die noch nicht großtechnisch Verwendung finden, mehr Anteile erringen.In the future will be also materials such as CIS, CdTe, GaAs, CuInSe2, but also organic, or biological cells, etc., which are not yet large-scale Find use, gain more shares.
Um Zellenfläche zu sparen und damit die Gesamtkosten die sich zu etwa 60% aus Modulkosten, 15% Wechselrichterkosten und 25% Montagekosten zusammensetzen zu reduzieren, wird vor allem in sonnenbevorzugten Ländern das Sonnenlicht durch konzentrierende Spiegelflächen mit einem "sun" genannten Faktor, der Werte bis zum mehrhundertfachen der normalen Strahlungsintensität erreichen kann, auf die Solarzellen gelenkt. Diese Art des Konzentrierens ist mit mehreren Nachteilen verbunden, wobei außer dem Problem der Überhitzung der Zellen und der zusätzlich nötigen wirkungsgradverschlechternden aktiven Kühlung, das Verfahren nur bei direkter Strahlung funktioniert und bei diffuser, nicht konzentrierbarer Strahlung, durch die Spiegel sehr viel Fläche verschenkt wird.Around cell area to save and thus the total costs which are about 60% from module costs, 15% Reducing inverter costs and 25% assembly costs, Especially in sun-preferred countries, the sunlight is concentrated by concentrating mirror surfaces with a factor called "sun", which can reach values up to several hundred times the normal radiation intensity, directed to the solar cells. This way of concentrating is with several disadvantages, except for the problem of overheating the cells and the additional force efficiency-reducing active cooling, the process only at Direct radiation works and diffuse, not concentrated Radiation, through which mirrors a lot of space is given away.
Die vorzugsweise schmalen, streifenförmigen Solarmodule werden so im Zentrum der konzentrierten Solarstrahlung positioniert, daß sie relativ gleichmäßig beleuchtet werden um lokale Überhitzung zu vermeiden. Ihre Größe und dabei vor allem ihre Breite hängt vom Aufstellort und der gewünschten Konzentration ab. Auf einer Dachfläche wird man aus optischen und statischen Gründen kleinere (schmalere) Module und Konzentratoren verwenden als bei Freilandaufstellung.The preferably narrow, strip-shaped Solar modules thus become the center of concentrated solar radiation positioned that they illuminated relatively evenly be around local overheating to avoid. Your size and it especially their width depends from the place of installation and the desired Concentration. On a roof surface one becomes optical and static reasons use smaller (narrower) modules and concentrators than with Outdoor installation.
Da die Solarzellen bzw. die Solarmodule den größten Anteil an den Gesamtkosten haben, ist es ökonomisch sinnvoll diese Bauteile so klein wie möglich zu halten. Reflektoren sind pro Flächeneinheit sehr viel preiswerter und werden deshalb auch oft in Regio nen mit vielen Sonnenstunden und hoher Strahlungsintensität zur Umlenkung oder/und Konzentration des Lichtes verwendet. In Gegenden die nicht von der Sonne verwöhnt sind, z. B. Mittel- und Nordeuropa, ist der direkte Strahlungsanteil dagegen erheblich kleiner und beträgt übers Jahr etwa 50%, ebenso der diffuse.There the solar cells or the solar modules account for the largest share of the total costs it's economical It makes sense to keep these components as small as possible. reflectors are very high per unit area much cheaper and therefore often in regions with many Sunshine hours and high radiation intensity for diversion and / or concentration of the light used. In areas that are not spoiled by the sun, z. For example, Central and Northern Europe, the direct proportion of radiation is considerable smaller and over the year about 50%, as well as the diffuse.
Diffuses Licht hat den Nachteil, daß es sich nicht mittels brechenden oder reflektierenden Mitteln konzentrieren läßt. Solarzellen sind aber für beide Strahlungsarten annähernd gleich empfindlich.diffuse Light has the disadvantage that it Do not concentrate by refractive or reflective means leaves. solar cells but are for approximate both types of radiation equally sensitive.
Werden Solarmodule mit Konzentratoren kombiniert, bedeutet das, daß bei direkter Sonnenstrahlung und einem Konzentrationsfaktor von 10, 90% des Lichtes durch die Konzentratoren umgelenkt und 10% Direktstrahlung von der Solarzelle umgewandelt werden. Das Flächenverhältnis zwischen Konzentratoren und Solarzelle ist dem entsprechend 90/10. Ist keine direkte Strahlung sondern nur diffuses Licht vorhanden können nur die 10% Flächenanteil der Solarzellen genutzt werden, der 90% Anteil der Konzentratoren geht verloren.Become Solar modules combined with concentrators, this means that when direct Solar radiation and a concentration factor of 10, 90% of the light deflected by the concentrators and 10% direct radiation from the Solar cell to be converted. The area ratio between concentrators and solar cell is accordingly 90/10. Is not direct radiation but only diffused light can exist only the 10% area fraction the solar cells are used, the 90% share of concentrators gets lost.
Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, ein Verfahren aufzuzeigen, bei dem die Flächennutzung und der Wirkungsgrad verbessert ist.task The invention is to provide a method in which the land use and the efficiency is improved.
Erfindungsgemäß wird die Aufgabe durch die Merkmale der Patentansprüche und der Unteransprüche gelöst.According to the invention Problem solved by the features of the claims and the dependent claims.
Durch die Beschichtung der Konzentratoren mit billigen Solarzellen, beispielsweise amorphes Silizium, werden deren Reflexionseigenschaften nur mäßig beeinflußt und sie sind weiterhin in der Lage direkte Strahlung konzentrierend auf die zentrisch angeordnete, hochwertige Solarzelle zu lenken. Des weiteren können sie jedoch das nicht konzentrierbare diffuse Licht selbst in Elektrizität umwandeln. Das bedeutet, daß immer 100% der Gesamtfläche zur Lichtumwandlung zur Verfügung steht und sich nur die Anteile der beiden Wandler abhängig von der Strahlungsart ändern.By the coating of the concentrators with cheap solar cells, for example amorphous silicon, their reflection properties are only moderately affected and they are still able to focus on direct radiation to steer the centrically arranged, high quality solar cell. Furthermore can however, they convert the nonconcentrable diffused light itself into electricity. That means always 100% of the total area available for light conversion is and only the proportions of the two converters depends on change the type of radiation.
Vorzugsweise aber nicht ausschließlich wird die Form des Reflektors so gewählt, daß direkte Strahlungsanteile durch Totalreflexion an der sonnennahen Reflektorseite umgelenkt werden. Dadurch werden Spiegelverluste minimiert und durch die effizientere Wandlung des konzentrierten Lichtes in der höherwertigen Solarzelle wird der Wirkungsgrad verbessert.Preferably but not exclusively the shape of the reflector is chosen so that direct radiation components deflected by total reflection at the near-solar reflector side become. This minimizes mirror losses and more efficient ones Conversion of concentrated light in the higher-value solar cell is the efficiency improves.
Um bei ungünstigen Witterungseinflüssen wie Hagel, Sturm oder Schnee bestehen zu können ist es von Vorteil, wenn zumindest der Grundkörper des Reflektors aus hartem oder/und formstabilen Material gefertigt ist, insbesondere aus organischen oder anorganischen Stoffen, wie Glas, Keramik, Metall und Kunststoff oder Mischungen davon. Genannter Grundkörper kann direkt mit dünnen photovoltaisch wirksamen Schichten ausgestattet aber auch als Träger separat hergestellter Dünnschichtsolarzellen, bevorzugt in Form von Folien oder Kacheln etc., genutzt werden.In order to be able to withstand unfavorable weather conditions such as hail, storm or snow, it is advantageous if at least the main body of the reflector is made of hard or / and dimensionally stable material, in particular organic or inorganic materials such as glass, ceramic, metal and plastic or mixtures thereof. Said basic body can be equipped directly with thin photovoltaically active layers but can also be used as a carrier of separately produced thin-film solar cells, preferably in the form of films or tiles, etc.
Diese Träger werden so auf den Grundkörper aufgeklebt, gelegt, gespannt, etc., daß sie sich seiner Form zumindest weitgehend anpassen. Um die Reflexionseigenschaften einer Dünnschichtsolarzellenanordnung zu verbessern, ist es vorteilhaft einen Träger aus transparentem Material zu verwenden bei dem die Solarzellen auf der sonnenfernen Seite angeordnet sind. Ist das Trägermaterial beispielsweise Glas, kann bei Totalreflektion weit über 90% der direkten Strahlung auf die zentrale Solarzelle konzentriert und gleichzeitig die restliche Direktstrahlung und die diffuse Strahlung von den Dünnschichtsolarzellen umgewandelt werden.These carrier become so on the main body pasted, laid, stretched, etc., that they are at least in shape largely adapt. To the reflection properties of a thin-film solar cell assembly To improve, it is advantageous a carrier made of transparent material to use when the solar cells on the sun-far side are arranged. Is the carrier material glass, for example, can reach well over 90% with total reflection the direct radiation concentrated on the central solar cell and at the same time the remaining direct radiation and the diffuse radiation from the thin-film solar cells being transformed.
Sonnennachführung um mindestens eine Achse verbessert die Ausbeute immer dann wenn Direktstrahlung vorhanden ist. Um die Solarzellenanordnung auch auf Dächern von Wohngebäuden aufstellen zu können dürfen sie nicht sehr hoch aufbauen.Sun tracking around at least one axis improves the yield whenever direct radiation is available. To the solar cell arrangement also on roofs of residential buildings to be able to set up allowed to do not build it up very high.
Im folgenden werden erfindungsgemäße Solarzellenanordnungen beschrieben, die in den schematisierten Zeichnungen dargestellt sind.in the The following are solar cell arrangements according to the invention described in the schematic drawings are.
Es zeigt:It shows:
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Claims (13)
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE200610008166 DE102006008166A1 (en) | 2006-02-22 | 2006-02-22 | Method for photo-voltaic power production using solar cells, involves concentrating sunlight by reflector, reflector partly consists of thin film solar cells or is coated with thin film solar cells |
DE112007001004T DE112007001004A5 (en) | 2006-02-22 | 2007-02-09 | Concentrating solar collectors with thin-film cells |
PCT/DE2007/000237 WO2007095892A2 (en) | 2006-02-22 | 2007-02-09 | Focusing solar collectors having thin-film cells |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE200610008166 DE102006008166A1 (en) | 2006-02-22 | 2006-02-22 | Method for photo-voltaic power production using solar cells, involves concentrating sunlight by reflector, reflector partly consists of thin film solar cells or is coated with thin film solar cells |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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DE102006008166A1 true DE102006008166A1 (en) | 2007-08-23 |
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DE200610008166 Withdrawn DE102006008166A1 (en) | 2006-02-22 | 2006-02-22 | Method for photo-voltaic power production using solar cells, involves concentrating sunlight by reflector, reflector partly consists of thin film solar cells or is coated with thin film solar cells |
DE112007001004T Withdrawn DE112007001004A5 (en) | 2006-02-22 | 2007-02-09 | Concentrating solar collectors with thin-film cells |
Family Applications After (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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DE112007001004T Withdrawn DE112007001004A5 (en) | 2006-02-22 | 2007-02-09 | Concentrating solar collectors with thin-film cells |
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DE (2) | DE102006008166A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2007095892A2 (en) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP2148377A1 (en) * | 2008-07-25 | 2010-01-27 | Toshihiko Sakurai | Solar power generating system employing a solar battery |
FR2981504A1 (en) * | 2011-10-12 | 2013-04-19 | Julien Martin Marcel Pellat | Converting device for use in electricity generation system for converting light energy into electrical energy, has surfaces combined in volume, where photovoltaic cells are made by thin layer technology to collect diffuse light radiation |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102009033771A1 (en) | 2009-07-17 | 2011-04-07 | Schünemann, Gerhard | Solar reflector for installation on e.g. flat saddle or monopitch roofs of building, has reflector surface reflecting sunlight on photovoltaic panels of photovoltaic systems, where reflector surface is designed as strewing reflector surface |
Family Cites Families (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4427838A (en) * | 1981-06-09 | 1984-01-24 | Goldman Arnold J | Direct and diffused solar radiation collector |
DE3130226A1 (en) * | 1981-07-31 | 1983-02-17 | M.A.N. Maschinenfabrik Augsburg-Nürnberg AG, 8000 München | Solar-energy installation with photo-electric cells |
US5902417A (en) * | 1996-12-12 | 1999-05-11 | Hughes Electornics Corporation | High efficiency tandem solar cells, and operating method |
US6515217B1 (en) * | 2001-09-11 | 2003-02-04 | Eric Aylaian | Solar cell having a three-dimensional array of photovoltaic cells enclosed within an enclosure having reflective surfaces |
US20060193066A1 (en) * | 2005-02-01 | 2006-08-31 | Prueitt Melvin L | Concentrating solar power |
-
2006
- 2006-02-22 DE DE200610008166 patent/DE102006008166A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2007
- 2007-02-09 WO PCT/DE2007/000237 patent/WO2007095892A2/en active Application Filing
- 2007-02-09 DE DE112007001004T patent/DE112007001004A5/en not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP2148377A1 (en) * | 2008-07-25 | 2010-01-27 | Toshihiko Sakurai | Solar power generating system employing a solar battery |
FR2981504A1 (en) * | 2011-10-12 | 2013-04-19 | Julien Martin Marcel Pellat | Converting device for use in electricity generation system for converting light energy into electrical energy, has surfaces combined in volume, where photovoltaic cells are made by thin layer technology to collect diffuse light radiation |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO2007095892A2 (en) | 2007-08-30 |
WO2007095892A3 (en) | 2007-11-01 |
DE112007001004A5 (en) | 2009-01-22 |
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