DE102005018225A1 - Stepless, clutch-free universal power transmission for e.g. motor vehicles, hybrid vehicles, has flywheel with mechanical adjustment mechanism to connect drive shaft of drive source to drive tap carrying transmission levers - Google Patents

Abstract

A flywheel (7) with a mechanical adjustment mechanism (9) connects the drive shaft (6) of a drive source (13) e.g. an electric motor, to a drive tap (10) supporting four transmission levers (1-4). The transmission levers are individually connected to driven shafts (5b,5c). The driven shafts carry free sprockets (15) meshed to a belt or chain (21) for power transmission.

Description

The The present invention relates to a universally applicable, continuously variable adjustable power transmission for use as a primary transmission at power producers of all kinds.

she allows torque and speed (speed) adjustment up to 0% without interruption of the frictional connection (coupling).

conventional transmissions and continuously variable transmissions usually work with different sized gears and connected drive shafts connected to belts or chains are, their translation through change or folding the drive wheels or drive connections.

This Process is usually over a clutch mechanism that locks the power during gear changes or start-up disconnects or transmits. For automatic transmissions or transfers with high torques Often torque converters are used.

Such Coupling and transducer mechanisms result in a considerable Part of the drive energy is consumed by friction and heat unused.

One Another disadvantage is the wear of the coupling elements.

In Motor vehicles bring such power transmission elements and high Weights and rotating masses, resulting in high fuel or energy expenditure results.

Of the Efficiency of such transmissions is usually bad, a lot of drive energy goes into such mechanisms lost.

problem

The Object of the present invention is to provide a stepless torque and speed change of a power transmission to zero, without disconnecting the driving waves to have to.

The required Energies to start and transfer The driven shafts should be as small and variable as possible be at the speed of the power generator. This should be possible little wear on the transferring Elements occur. The efficiency should be as high as possible. The direction of rotation on the power generator can vary here.

solution

to solution above mentioned Tasks is in accordance with claim 1 of the present invention, a power transmission system is formed, which the driving force of a force generator (internal combustion engine, Electric hydraulic motor or similar) via a flywheel transmits with an adjustable axle mechanism.

This Drive pin moves in the circular motion four or more levers with elongated hole training, the force on mounted shafts with freewheel hubs transferred to the secondary drive.

By the circular movement of the pin on the flywheel arises sinusoidal torque, that the four transmission levers in a pendulum movement transmitted to the freewheeling axles.

The Arrangement of the lever allows a continuous torque, because the transmission paths overlap sinusoidally, creating a "driver effect" of each lever arises.

It There is no "dead center" of the connecting rod or push rod transmissions occurs. Move the drive lever in the circular motion back act the freewheel hubs and produce a forced direction of rotation.

The four (or more) drive shafts will be required Primary gear ratio via chain / belt drive or at higher Speed as gears interconnected in planetary arrangement.

About this Secondary drive the power can be removed.

Of the Advantage of this construction, is that the drive pin by adjustment (mechanical, hydraulic or electric) to can be moved to zero. The power generator can with his Continue to run nominal or minimum speed, as there is no positive connection consists of the drive mechanism.

Examples for use

• – elektromotorisch angetriebene Medientransporter wie Lüfter, Pumpen, Förderbänder usw. Der Anlaufstrom kann wirkungsvoll verringert werden indem erst mit geringer Drehzahlübersetzung angefahren wird. (Sanftanlauf) Als Ersatz für Frequenzumformer mit geringem Installationsaufwand.
• – Kraftfahrzeuge aller Art als Primärantrieb ohne Kupplung. Ideal bei Hybridfahrzeugen, geringes Gewicht, kompakt und geringer Energieaufwand; Fahrgeschwindigkeit regelbar über Drehmoment- und Drehzahlsensoren an den Antriebsrädern.
• – Baumaschinen- und Fahrzeuge mit Verbrennungs- oder Hydraulikmotoren die hohe Drehmomente über ein geringes Drehzahlband übertragen. Wandler- und Wärmeverluste bei hoher Belastung können minimiert werden.

usw.For example, the present invention can be used for:

• - Electric motor-driven media transporters such as fans, pumps, conveyor belts, etc. The starting current can be effectively reduced by starting only at low speed ratio. (Soft start) As a replacement for Fre converter with low installation costs.
• - Motor vehicles of all kinds as primary drive without clutch. Ideal for hybrid vehicles, low weight, compact and low energy consumption; Travel speed adjustable via torque and speed sensors on the drive wheels.
• - Construction machinery and vehicles with combustion or hydraulic motors that transmit high torques over a low speed band. Transducer and heat losses at high load can be minimized.

etc.

One Example of how the present invention may be carried out will be described below described.

The Drawings are according to the position numbers consider.

in the The invention will be explained in more detail with reference to drawings.

1 Figure 11 is the plan view of the housing of the present invention;

2 is the section AB through the housing with the view of the lever and flywheel mechanism;

3 is a plan view analog 1 with the representation of a hydraulic adjustment;

4 is the external view of the secondary drive with the freewheel axles and power take-off;

5 shows the invention at zero position; Speed n = 0;

6 shows the lever position at speed n = max .;

7 is a movement profile of a lever at n = max .;

8th is a development diagram of the torque curves at n max .;

9 is a development diagram of the torque curves at n 25%;

10 shows the polygon arrangement of the lever at 6 waves

11 shows the possible arrangement of gears in planetary arrangement for high speeds on the driven shaft.

First to 1 , The housing 16 takes the drive shaft at the center of the axle 6 a power generator 13 on. The wave 6 is rotatably guided into the housing interior where on a receptacle 8th the flywheel 7 is firmly connected. The flywheel rotates at the same speed of the drive shaft, the direction of rotation is irrelevant. In the flywheel 7 is a sliding mechanism 9 integrated on the drive pin 10 is attached. In 2 is the flywheel 7 to see in the view. It has a groove (recess) 20 which the sliding and adjusting mechanism 9 receives. One worm gear shaft (thread) 12 moves the sliding mechanism 9 with the drive pin 10 mechanically as soon as the transducer 19 through the mechanical adjustment 17 (+/-) is pressed.

This mechanical adjustment 17 consists of two sheet metal plates 18a . 18b parallel to the drive axle 6 axially over pins 17 through the housing 16 are guided, can be moved. A spring mechanism outside the housing (not shown) holds this device in the illustrated rest position.

When this mechanism is actuated, the slide moves 9 with the drive pin 10 Up to the stop in the max. Position or to zero point of the exact center of gravity of the flywheel 7 or the drive shaft 6 equivalent.

To the flywheel 7 are in a staggered arrangement four drive shafts 5a . 5b . 5c . 5d over ball bearings 14 with the housing 16 connected.

On these waves are ever a transmission lever 1 . 2 . 3 . 4 in the form of a sheet firmly connected with slot, in which the drive pin 10 can move.

5 shows the arrangement of the lever in position at zero point; This results in an opening in the center of the flywheel 7 in which the drive pin 10 turns freely.

The transmission levers 1 . 2 . 3 . 4 are successively so with the drive shafts 5a . 5b . 5c . 5d connected, so that always a lever maximum torque, the opposite zero and the adjacent levers transmit half torque. Upon rotation of the flywheel 7 with position of the pin 10 greater than zero gives rise to a sinusoidal wave motion on the levers.

A single lever describes a pendulum movement in 7 you can see. You can see that the lever works up to half a turn, a quarter turn is taken, and a quarter turn takes to move back. This backward movement would change the direction of rotation on the shafts 5 mean. It is by freehubs 15 compensated at the shaft ends.

It creates a continuous rotary motion when the four shaft ends with the freewheels 15 with a chain 21 or a belt.

4 shows the view on the driven side of the invention, the housing 16 , the shaft ends with the freewheels 15 that have a chain 21 connected to each other. The decrease of the power takes place via a connected output shaft 22 ,

6 shows the position of the transmission lever 5a . 5b . 5c . 5d at maximum outer position of the pin 10 synonymous maximum speed n.

The torque curves are from the 8th (n max) and 9 (n 25%).

modifications

3 shows the possibility as the invention with a hydraulic drive 24 for adjusting the slider 9 with the drive pin 10 can be executed. The hydraulic lines 25 and 26 be through the case 16 guided and to the wave recording 22 connected.

The recording 22 Has groove openings in which the hydraulic fluid with the rotational movement of the drive shaft 6 can be transferred.

The Seal to the shaft via suitable rings.

From the recording 22 The hydraulic fluid reaches the drive cylinder through holes and lines 24 , the vertical slider 9 from 0 to max. position.

These execution is interesting in construction machinery and vehicles, where fast one Power interruption <1 sec must take place (analogous to a clutch operation).

In addition, one would Arrangement with electrical adjustment conceivable, with suitable contacts and Servomotors.

10 shows a possible arrangement with 6 levers and shafts when high torques must be transmitted.

Conceivable During more waves, the more the more even and quieter the Sinusoidal motion.

11 shows the possible arrangement of the output side gears in planetary arrangement, the planet gears larger, the sun gear smaller and thus allows higher gear ratios.

One Use of the invention as a downstream transmission for soft start for electric motors and compressors, the at rated speed again is separated from the power generator would be conceivable.

Claims (3)

Universal, continuous power transmission system for use as a primary transmission to power generators of all kinds, characterized in that one on the drive shaft 6 attached flywheel 7 with a mechanical adjustment mechanism 9 and drive pin 10 mechanically adjustable four drive levers 1 . 2 . 3 . 4 Fixed with four bearings with freewheeling wheels 15 that are over chain or straps 21 are connected, drives and thus can be regulated to a standstill without interruption, without interrupting the connection to the power generator. Power transmission system according to claim 1, wherein more than four waves with freewheels 15 be used to achieve high torque and smoothness. Power transmission system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the Vertellmechanismus 9 hydraulically via a hydraulic cylinder 24 or electrically via servo motors.