DE102004048522A1 - Full-caliber projectile - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a full-caliber projectile with a projectile casing, a ballistic tip, arranged on the projectile casing guide tape and a propellant charge. DOLLAR A object of the invention is to provide a full-caliber bullet, which is preferably integrated with increasing the sealing effect and firing performance in a propellant charge molding and increases the effective mass fraction of the total floor mass. DOLLAR A This object is achieved by the following features: DOLLAR A a) The guide band (3) is 35% to 45% of the projectile length l, starting from the front end of the ballistic tip (2), arranged on the projectile casing (1), DOLLAR A b) the projectile is telescopically integrated in a propellant charge molding (14), wherein the propellant charge molding (14) in the area of the projectile nose (2) up to the guide band (3) has an inner diameter d¶1¶ adapted to the guide band and in the outer region of the same-caliber bullet casing (1 DOLLAR A c) the projectile casing (1) is formed as a tubular end ballistic active body and is effective in the target explosive for splintering.

Description

The The invention relates to a full-caliber projectile with a projectile casing, a Ballistic hood, a guide tape arranged on the projectile casing and a propellant charge.

It is known that projectile body out Tungsten heavy metal construction splitter by a projectile shell or Projectile hood are enclosed. These "packaging elements", also parasitic or Called Balastmasse, do not contribute to the effect in the target. They hinder you on the contrary, the bullet decomposition on impact in the target and thus the fragmentation and / or spread depending on the target distance quite considerably. The ratio of Parasitärer- to the active body mass becomes all the more unfavorable, the bigger that Caliber is or at for the caliber of relatively low total floor mass. Executed full caliber bullets in the range 25 mm to 30 mm generally have an active body mass fraction of <70%.

From the DE 33 01 381 C2 For example, a full caliber bullet is known which requires the splintering performance of a weight increasing explosive fill due to a ductile tungsten scale shell.

Of Further, it is known, for example, in a practice floor made of steel on the tailgate a sealing lip - also called Opturator - same caliber in a propellant charge article (TLFK) to arrange. This sealing and swirl transmission element must be within of the propellant charge body remain closed, so as not to hurt and may accordingly open only at a certain gas pressure in the pipe. The Sealing and twist transmission starts very late, this means the bullet clearance is greater than the bullet length.

• – Die gasdruckabhängige Dichtfunktion ist problematisch bei temperaturabhängigen Druckverläufen des Treibladungsformkörpers,
• – der späte, erst im Rohr einsetzende Abdichtungsbeginn ermöglicht Gasschlupf und damit Leistungsverlust und Gasdruckstreuungen,
• – eine höhere Geschossgeschwindigkeit (höhere Leistenkräfte) zu Beginn der Drallaufnahme verlangt unter Umständen eine verstärkte Dichtlippe, was der Dichtfunktion abträglich sein kann,
• – aussenballistisch wirkt sich eine geöffnete Dichtlippe durch einen höheren cw-Wert immer nachteilig aus,
• – radial unterschiedlich deformierte Dichtlippen können sich negativ auf die Präzision und somit auf die Schussleistung auswirken.

The disadvantages of such a seal and swirl transmission element are obvious:

• The gas pressure-dependent sealing function is problematic in the case of temperature-dependent pressure profiles of the propellant shaped article,
• The late start of the seal, which begins in the pipe, allows gas slippage and thus loss of power and gas pressure variations,
• - A higher bullet speed (higher ingot forces) at the beginning of the twist recording may require a reinforced sealing lip, which can be detrimental to the sealing function,
• - outside ballistic, an open sealing lip always has a negative effect due to a higher cw value,
• - Radially differently deformed sealing lips can have a negative effect on the precision and thus on the shooting performance.

task The invention is to provide a full scale bullet which under increase the sealing effect and firing performance preferably in a propellant charge molding integrated is and increases the effective mass fraction of the total floor mass.

Is solved This object is achieved by the features specified in patent claim 1. The dependent claims call further refinements and developments of the invention.

Around a fast and secure sealing of the pipe cross-section and a early Leadership as well Swirl shot of the bullet during the shoot at the shoot implementing (burning) and thus its bullet leadership function losing propellants to reach, is the arrangement of the sealing and swirl transmission element inventively at the end of the ballistic peak, at the end of the first third the projectile length, in transition to the tubular projectile body intended.

hereby will also be a gas pressure dependent Sealing and swirl transfer function avoided. The propellant charge body is in the area of the projectile nose and the seal and swirl transmission element adapted in the inner diameter of the seal and swirl transmission element, whereas the rest of the projectile body with caliber diameter in the propellant shaped body tube.

Around the bullet safe to handle with the combustible propellant charge body too connect and order a uniform and adjustable bullet pull-out resistance in the propellant shaped article guarantee, it is with the latter at the rear end of the seal and swirl transmission element (Leader tape) connected by a thread that abgescheert the launching process in the propellant charge molding becomes. The projectile body following the sealing and swirl transmission element is cylindrical and with the caliber diameter equal to its Trained, so that a long and smooth guidance in the end Propellant charge moldings which, due to the inventively chosen, constructive position of the sealing and swirl transmission element only finished when this reaches a safe leadership in the barrel Has.

The projectile casing is designed as a tubular, end ballistic active body and consists of Brittle tungsten heavy metal which, in order to achieve a required splintering performance, does not require any explosive filling, as is the case with ductile tungsten heavy metal. By eliminating the explosive filling and possible additional "packaging elements", the parasitic mass fraction of the total storey mass is reduced to 30% to 10% and the effective mass fraction of the projectile on the total storey mass is increased to 70% to 90%.

The ballistic tip and the twist transfer and sealing element form one unit and are preferably made of fiber reinforced plastic manufactured and with the projectile body via through holes in the injection-molding process and positive fit connected.

to Reduction of ricochets in case of misses, respectively to increase the Splintering power in the target, the ballistic tip can be hollow and be provided with predetermined breaking points.

When inexpensive variant a practice bullet offers the complete ejection of the bullet hollow body in Connect with the ballistic top. The introduction of predetermined breaking points is not possible then.

In a further embodiment can the seal and swirl transmission element be designed as a separate component.

Of the projectile body itself is tubular, he as a combat projectile preferably made of brittle tungsten heavy metal and for practice purposes from no or less end ballistic material, for example Steel, is formed.

Locked becomes the tubular projectile body its rear end by a Heckstopfen, in which a trace of light can be integrated. The Heckstopfen is the combat floor preferably made of a lightweight material as possible much active mass in the projectile body to integrate yourself and screwed, glued or pressed into this.

in the Case of a cost-effective execution an over-bullet can the projectile body form a unit with the rear plug.

Around the inventive It is also possible to use a projectile with a standard cartridge case arranged in the area of the tail end a so-called Würgerille, the one frictional Connection between sleeve and projectile allowed. In this case, that can be done in the first third the projectile lying seal and swirl transmission element in the rear end be integrated.

A Tracer version is compatible with all mentioned projectile variants.

The The invention will be explained in more detail with reference to the figures below.

It shows:

1 a projectile in a propellant shaped body in a longitudinal section;

2 a battle floor in longitudinal section;

3 one in the 1 enlarged detail shown in section;

4 + 5 each practice round in half section;

6 another projectile variant with a separate guide band in half section;

7 Another projectile variant in conjunction with a standard sleeve in half section.

In the 1 is a projectile according to the invention 1 telescopically in a combustible propellant charge body 14 integrated. One as a leadership band 3 trained seal and swirl transmission element is 35% to 45% of the projectile length l, starting from the front end 10 a ballistic tip 2 , on the projectile shell 1 arranged. The propellant charge body 14 is in the area of the bullet 2 to the leader band 3 an inner diameter d ₁ adapted to the guide band and in the outer area of the caliber projectile casing 1 a smaller diameter d ₂ corresponding to the caliber diameter is formed. The projectile shell 1 is designed as a tubular End Ballistic active body and there is no explosive splinter formation in the target in a combat bullet of brittle tungsten heavy metal. Rear side of the projectile is within the propellant charge molding a Anzündtopf 15 with an electric ignition unit 16 shown schematically.

The 2 and 3 show the battle floor according to the invention with the tubular active body 1 made of brittle tungsten heavy metal, which simultaneously forms the same caliber of the projectile body. Seen in the direction of flight is preferably a conical Ogivenform 9 having ballistic tip 2 with integrated guide band (seal and swirl transmission element) 3 injection-molded plastic and through openings 4 with the submunitions 1 connected. At the rear end of the guide band 3 is a threaded connection 5 represented to the propellant charge body. The hollow ballistic top 2 is with longitudinal break points 8th executed. The rear end of the active body is with a rear stopper 7 locked.

The 4 and 5 show two variants of practice bullets in half section. The in the 4 illustrated variant is constructed as the battle floor according to 2 , however, is the projectile body 1 made of steel. On the representation of the thread on the integrated guide strip 3 the ballistic top 2 was waived as well as their breaking points.

The 5 represents a special case. The projectile body 1 forms together with the tail end 7 one unity. The ballistic tip 2 ' is molded from the front and simultaneously fills out the cavity formed as a blind hole of the projectile body. However, this extraordinarily economical production variant does not allow predetermined breaking points in the tip. The swirl transfer of the in the top 2 ' integrated leader tape 3 also takes place here, as in the 2 . 3 and 4 via passageways 4 in the projectile body 1 ,

The 6 shows a FAP projectile (Frangible Armor Piercing) with the tubular body 1 the ballistic top 2 with predetermined breaking points 8th that have through holes 4 is connected by injection molding with the active body. The Heckstopfen 7 ' with light trail 11 closes the active body at its rear end and at the same time decreases the swirl transmission and sealing element 6 as a conventional leadership band. A strangling groove 12 in the rear stopper 7 enables positive and non-positive connection with a standard cartridge case 13 ,

1

Bullet, Projectile casing, submunitions

2

ballistic top

2 '

ballistic top

3

Leader tape Drallübertragungs- and sealing element

4

Through opening

5

thread

6

Drallübertragungs- and sealing element

7

Heck plug

7 '

rear end

8th

Along predetermined breaking points

9

Ogivenform

10

The End

11

tracer

12

Würgerille

13

cartridge case

14

Propellant charge moldings

15

Anzündtopf

16

electrical lighter

l

floor length

d ₁

Inner diameter

d ₂

Caliber inner diameter

Claims (14)

A full-caliber projectile with a projectile casing, a ballistic tip, a guide strip arranged on the projectile casing and a propellant charge, characterized by the following features: a) The guide belt ( 3 ) is 35% to 45% of the projectile length l, starting from the front end of the ballistic tip ( 2 ), on the projectile casing ( 1 b) the projectile is in a propellant shaped article ( 14 ) telescopically integrated, wherein the propellant shaped body ( 14 ) in the area of the projectile tip ( 2 ) to the leader band ( 3 ) adapted to the guide band inner diameter d ₁ and in the outer region of the same caliber projectile casing ( 1 ) has a smaller diameter d ₂ corresponding to the caliber diameter, c) the projectile casing ( 1 ) is designed as a tubular end ballistic active body and is effective in the target explosive for fragmentation. Projectile according to claim 1, characterized in that the guide band ( 3 ) is formed as a swirl transmission and sealing element and is preferably made of fiber-reinforced plastic and with the forward ballistic tip ( 2 ) forms a unit and this with the tubular projectile body ( 1 ) via passage openings ( 4 ) In the wall injection-technically non-positively and positively connected. Projectile according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the swirl transfer and sealing element with the propellant shaped article ( 14 ) to achieve a certain Ausziehwiderstandes non-positively by means of thread ( 5 ) connected is. Projectile according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the ballistic tip ( 2 ) is hollow and provided with predetermined breaking points. Projectile according to claim 1, characterized in that the end ballistic active body ( 1 ) consists of brittle tungsten heavy metal (WSM). Projectile according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the effective mass fraction of the projectile on the total floor mass 70% to 90% and the parasitic mass fraction to Ge total floor mass 30% to 10%. Projectile according to claim 1, characterized in that the projectile casing ( 1 ) consists of non or less effective material, preferably steel. Projectile according to claim 1, characterized in that the ballistic tip ( 2 ) made of plastic solid and the cavity of the tubular projectile body ( 1 ) is sprayed to the rear end. Projectile according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the swirl transmission and sealing element ( 3 ) forms a separate component of suitable material and with the ballistic tip ( 2 ) is positively connected. Projectile according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the ballistic tip ( 2 ) consists of a lightweight material and with the tubular projectile body ( 1 ) is positively and positively connected. Projectile according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the tubular projectile body ( 1 ) at the rear end with a rear plug ( 7 ) Gas-tight and positive and positive closed. Projectile according to one of claims 7 and 8, characterized in that the rear plug ( 7 ) with the tubular projectile body ( 1 ) forms a unit. Projectile according to claim 11, characterized in that in the rear stopper a tracer ( 11 ) is integrated. A projectile according to claim 12, characterized in that the rear plug receives the swirl transmission and sealing element and a Würgerille ( 12 ) for frictional connection with a cartridge case ( 13 ) having.