DE102004041684A1 - Formkörper, insbesondere Fasern und deren Flächengebilde, mit thermoregulativen Eigenschaften - Google Patents
Formkörper, insbesondere Fasern und deren Flächengebilde, mit thermoregulativen Eigenschaften Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- DE102004041684A1 DE102004041684A1 DE102004041684A DE102004041684A DE102004041684A1 DE 102004041684 A1 DE102004041684 A1 DE 102004041684A1 DE 102004041684 A DE102004041684 A DE 102004041684A DE 102004041684 A DE102004041684 A DE 102004041684A DE 102004041684 A1 DE102004041684 A1 DE 102004041684A1
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- phase change
- network
- fibers
- change material
- polymeric
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 239000001257 hydrogen Chemical group 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 title claims abstract description 5
- 238000012412 chemical coupling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 4
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 title claims description 37
- 239000012782 phase change material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 102000034238 globular proteins Human genes 0.000 claims description 10
- 108091005896 globular proteins Proteins 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- LFTLOKWAGJYHHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-methylmorpholine N-oxide Chemical compound CN1(=O)CCOCC1 LFTLOKWAGJYHHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000004676 glycans Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920001282 polysaccharide Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000005017 polysaccharide Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000001331 thermoregulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims 2
- 229920000869 Homopolysaccharide Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- MTCFGRXMJLQNBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Serine Natural products OCC(N)C(O)=O MTCFGRXMJLQNBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 125000003368 amide group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- XUJNEKJLAYXESH-UHFFFAOYSA-N cysteine Natural products SCC(N)C(O)=O XUJNEKJLAYXESH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 235000018417 cysteine Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 150000002402 hexoses Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 125000001841 imino group Chemical group [H]N=* 0.000 claims 1
- 125000001820 oxy group Chemical group [*:1]O[*:2] 0.000 claims 1
- 125000002924 primary amino group Chemical group [H]N([H])* 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 25
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 description 14
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 11
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 9
- ZTHYODDOHIVTJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propyl gallate Chemical compound CCCOC(=O)C1=CC(O)=C(O)C(O)=C1 ZTHYODDOHIVTJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000005018 casein Substances 0.000 description 5
- BECPQYXYKAMYBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N casein, tech. Chemical compound NCCCCC(C(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(CC(C)C)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(C(C)O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(COP(O)(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(N)CC1=CC=CC=C1 BECPQYXYKAMYBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 235000021240 caseins Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229940075579 propyl gallate Drugs 0.000 description 4
- 235000010388 propyl gallate Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000000473 propyl gallate Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000018102 proteins Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 4
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 4
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000003512 tertiary amines Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229920003043 Cellulose fiber Polymers 0.000 description 2
- SXRSQZLOMIGNAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glutaraldehyde Chemical compound O=CCCCC=O SXRSQZLOMIGNAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 2
- -1 fatty acid esters Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000004898 kneading Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000386 microscopy Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920005594 polymer fiber Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 2
- VBICKXHEKHSIBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-monostearoylglycerol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(O)CO VBICKXHEKHSIBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IVNPXOUPZCTJAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-methylmorpholin-4-ium;hydroxide Chemical compound O.CN1CCOCC1 IVNPXOUPZCTJAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000017060 Arachis glabrata Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000105624 Arachis hypogaea Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000010777 Arachis hypogaea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000018262 Arachis monticola Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920000875 Dissolving pulp Polymers 0.000 description 1
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene carbonate Chemical compound O=C1OCCO1 KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DCXXMTOCNZCJGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerol trioctadecanoate Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)COC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC DCXXMTOCNZCJGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 102000014171 Milk Proteins Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010011756 Milk Proteins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920002494 Zein Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000003275 alpha amino acid group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910052925 anhydrite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium sulfate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000009960 carding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011258 core-shell material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001891 gel spinning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000004820 halides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005338 heat storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000265 homogenisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000021239 milk protein Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000020232 peanut Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920002959 polymer blend Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011550 stock solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-L sulfite Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229920002994 synthetic fiber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000012209 synthetic fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000028016 temperature homeostasis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001285 xanthan gum Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000230 xanthan gum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940082509 xanthan gum Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000010493 xanthan gum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000005019 zein Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940093612 zein Drugs 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F4/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of proteins; Manufacture thereof
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F1/00—General methods for the manufacture of artificial filaments or the like
- D01F1/02—Addition of substances to the spinning solution or to the melt
- D01F1/10—Other agents for modifying properties
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F2/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of cellulose or cellulose derivatives; Manufacture thereof
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F4/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of proteins; Manufacture thereof
- D01F4/04—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of proteins; Manufacture thereof from casein
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Artificial Filaments (AREA)
- Polyesters Or Polycarbonates (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Macromolecular Shaped Articles (AREA)
- Blow-Moulding Or Thermoforming Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
- Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
- Heating, Cooling, Or Curing Plastics Or The Like In General (AREA)
- Treatments Of Macromolecular Shaped Articles (AREA)
- Processing And Handling Of Plastics And Other Materials For Molding In General (AREA)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102004041684A DE102004041684A1 (de) | 2003-08-30 | 2004-08-25 | Formkörper, insbesondere Fasern und deren Flächengebilde, mit thermoregulativen Eigenschaften |
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE10340110.5 | 2003-08-30 | ||
| DE10340110 | 2003-08-30 | ||
| DE102004041684A DE102004041684A1 (de) | 2003-08-30 | 2004-08-25 | Formkörper, insbesondere Fasern und deren Flächengebilde, mit thermoregulativen Eigenschaften |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| DE102004041684A1 true DE102004041684A1 (de) | 2005-03-17 |
Family
ID=34202272
Family Applications (3)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102004041684A Withdrawn DE102004041684A1 (de) | 2003-08-30 | 2004-08-25 | Formkörper, insbesondere Fasern und deren Flächengebilde, mit thermoregulativen Eigenschaften |
| DE502004001972T Expired - Lifetime DE502004001972D1 (de) | 2003-08-30 | 2004-08-25 | Verfahren zur herstellung von formkörpern mit thermoregulativen eigenschaften |
| DE112004002148T Withdrawn - After Issue DE112004002148D2 (de) | 2003-08-30 | 2004-08-25 | Formkörper, insbesondere Fasern und deren Flächengebilde, mit thermoregulativen Eigenschaften |
Family Applications After (2)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE502004001972T Expired - Lifetime DE502004001972D1 (de) | 2003-08-30 | 2004-08-25 | Verfahren zur herstellung von formkörpern mit thermoregulativen eigenschaften |
| DE112004002148T Withdrawn - After Issue DE112004002148D2 (de) | 2003-08-30 | 2004-08-25 | Formkörper, insbesondere Fasern und deren Flächengebilde, mit thermoregulativen Eigenschaften |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20060279017A1 (pl) |
| EP (1) | EP1658395B1 (pl) |
| AT (1) | ATE344844T1 (pl) |
| DE (3) | DE102004041684A1 (pl) |
| PL (1) | PL1658395T3 (pl) |
| WO (1) | WO2005024102A1 (pl) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102018100140B3 (de) | 2017-12-14 | 2019-03-28 | Institut Für Luft- Und Kältetechnik Gemeinnützige Gmbh | Lüftungsanlage mit Wärmespeicher |
Families Citing this family (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US7579078B2 (en) | 2001-09-21 | 2009-08-25 | Outlast Technologies, Inc. | Temperature regulating cellulosic fibers and applications thereof |
| US7244497B2 (en) * | 2001-09-21 | 2007-07-17 | Outlast Technologies, Inc. | Cellulosic fibers having enhanced reversible thermal properties and methods of forming thereof |
| US9434869B2 (en) | 2001-09-21 | 2016-09-06 | Outlast Technologies, LLC | Cellulosic fibers having enhanced reversible thermal properties and methods of forming thereof |
| AT501252B1 (de) * | 2004-12-23 | 2008-02-15 | Chemiefaser Lenzing Ag | Cellulosischer formkörper und verfahren zu seiner herstellung |
| TWI287996B (en) * | 2005-10-19 | 2007-10-11 | Taiwan Textile Res Inst | Temperature regulating gel and article comprising the same |
| US20090051068A1 (en) * | 2006-01-12 | 2009-02-26 | Thüringisches Institute Für Textil-Und Kunststoff-Forschung E.V. | Method for Producing Molded Bodies from Proteins |
| FR2911153B1 (fr) * | 2007-01-10 | 2009-04-10 | Lainiere De Picardie Bc Soc Pa | Substrat textile incorporant une composition de regulation thermique entourant des ilots de transfert. |
| DE102007054702B4 (de) | 2007-11-14 | 2018-10-18 | Smartpolymer Gmbh | Verfahren zur Herstellung von cellulosischen Formkörpern, cellulosischer Formkörper und dessen Verwendung |
| AT509289B1 (de) | 2009-12-28 | 2014-06-15 | Chemiefaser Lenzing Ag | Funktionalisierter cellulosischer formkörper und verfahren zu seiner herstellung |
| DE102010054661A1 (de) * | 2010-12-15 | 2012-06-28 | Anke Domaske | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Milchproteinfasern und daraus gewonnene Milchproteinfaserprodukte |
| WO2016054657A1 (en) | 2014-10-03 | 2016-04-07 | Erie Foods International, Inc. | High protein food |
Family Cites Families (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4908238A (en) * | 1984-07-02 | 1990-03-13 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of Agriculture | Temperature adaptable textile fibers and method of preparing same |
| US4756958A (en) * | 1987-08-31 | 1988-07-12 | Triangle Research And Development Corporation | Fiber with reversible enhanced thermal storage properties and fabrics made therefrom |
| US5354524A (en) * | 1993-05-24 | 1994-10-11 | Alan Sellars | Monitoring concentration of dope in product manufacture |
| US5885475A (en) * | 1995-06-06 | 1999-03-23 | The University Of Dayton | Phase change materials incorporated throughout the structure of polymer fibers |
| GB9617043D0 (en) * | 1996-08-14 | 1996-09-25 | Courtaulds Plc | Manufacture ofd extruded articles |
| US6077597A (en) * | 1997-11-14 | 2000-06-20 | Outlast Technologies, Inc. | Interactive thermal insulating system having a layer treated with a coating of energy absorbing phase change material adjacent a layer of fibers containing energy absorbing phase change material |
| US6855422B2 (en) * | 2000-09-21 | 2005-02-15 | Monte C. Magill | Multi-component fibers having enhanced reversible thermal properties and methods of manufacturing thereof |
| US20030124278A1 (en) * | 2002-01-02 | 2003-07-03 | Clark Dustin L. | Thermal barriers with solid/solid phase change materials |
| US20030124318A1 (en) * | 2002-01-02 | 2003-07-03 | Magill Monte C. | Thermal barriers with reversible enhanced thermal properties |
-
2004
- 2004-08-25 AT AT04786178T patent/ATE344844T1/de active
- 2004-08-25 DE DE102004041684A patent/DE102004041684A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2004-08-25 US US10/570,374 patent/US20060279017A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2004-08-25 EP EP04786178A patent/EP1658395B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2004-08-25 DE DE502004001972T patent/DE502004001972D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2004-08-25 DE DE112004002148T patent/DE112004002148D2/de not_active Withdrawn - After Issue
- 2004-08-25 PL PL04786178T patent/PL1658395T3/pl unknown
- 2004-08-25 WO PCT/DE2004/001893 patent/WO2005024102A1/de active IP Right Grant
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102018100140B3 (de) | 2017-12-14 | 2019-03-28 | Institut Für Luft- Und Kältetechnik Gemeinnützige Gmbh | Lüftungsanlage mit Wärmespeicher |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE502004001972D1 (de) | 2006-12-21 |
| EP1658395A1 (de) | 2006-05-24 |
| PL1658395T3 (pl) | 2007-04-30 |
| ATE344844T1 (de) | 2006-11-15 |
| WO2005024102A1 (de) | 2005-03-17 |
| DE112004002148D2 (de) | 2006-07-13 |
| US20060279017A1 (en) | 2006-12-14 |
| EP1658395B1 (de) | 2006-11-08 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| 8139 | Disposal/non-payment of the annual fee |