DE102004010656A1 - Process and device for the treatment of organic and / or biologically contaminated water or contaminated air - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a method and a device for the treatment of organically and / or biologically contaminated water or contaminated air by intensive treatment of the water or the air with positive and negative oxygen ions as the oxidizing agent, which are produced in an ionizer. DOLLAR A according to the invention succeeds by a method in which DOLLAR A - air by means of blower / compressor sucked through a filter, DOLLAR A - is swirled in a tube-shaped ion generator and DOLLAR A - the oxygen molecules with a voltage of 2300 V to 6400 V and Frequencies from 25 Hz to 580 Hz are ionized at a pulse frequency of 4000 to 15000 Hz and DOLLAR A - the air is introduced with the electrostatically charged particles over a wide-area discharge system in the medium to be treated and thereby swirling, with DOLLAR A - the optimal working range Measurement of the ion intensity is controlled by a Ionenmeßfühler and a control system adapted thereto. DOLLAR A The ion generator consists of two nested glass tubes with a (by one of the glass tubes) separated cathode and anode mesh made of stainless steel. DOLLAR A The energy consumption of the method according to the invention is lower than in previously known methods. The newly developed ionization process achieves an extremely high oxidation intensity.

Description

The The invention relates to a method and a device for processing of organically and / or biologically contaminated water or polluted Air through intensive treatment of the water or the air with positive and negative oxygen ions as oxidizing agents in one Ionizer be generated.

Becoming present a variety of water treatment methods used in practice. These are based on very different methods, such as on radiant energy especially in the UV and gamma range, adding of chlorine or chlorine gas, hydrogen peroxide and sodium chloride for electrolysis and various other chemical auxiliary processes.

All However, previous applications have one thing in common, the addition of chemical substances or considerable quantities of electrical or Ray energy. Science and technology agree that any addition of aggressive chemicals (especially to call here are chlorine, chlorine oxide, ozone, hydrogen peroxide, silver, copper and. Ä.) also Risks, as well as adverse effects.

To DE 100 14 833 and WO 01/72637 has been able to understand the processes of nature on an electrochemical basis with a very minimal energy consumption. By charging the oxygen molecules present in the air, positively and negatively charged oxygen ions are generated. The charged oxygen molecules have the property of quickly exchanging their charge with a partner to be oxidized (organic and inorganic substances) in the water.

The invention provides a further development of the method and the device according to DE 100 14 833 This particularly relates to the supply of the air to be ionized, the process conditions, the control and the structure of the ion generator and the different application areas adapted Ausströmsysteme.

The The object of the invention was a process and a water treatment plant to develop, with which the process of natural oxidation optimal for Treatment of organic and / or biologically contaminated water or air is used.

• – Luft mittels Gebläse/Kompressor über einen Filter angesaugt,
• – in einem rohrförmig konstruierten Ionenerzeuger verwirbelt wird und
• – die Sauerstoffmoleküle mit einer Spannung von 2.300 V bis 6.400 V und Frequenzen von 25 Hz bis 580 Hz bei einer Pulsfrequenz von 4.000 bis 16.000 Hz ionisiert werden und
• – die Luft mit den elektrostatisch aufgeladenen Teilchen über ein Ausströmsystem breitflächig in das aufzubereitende Medium eingeführt und dabei verteilt wird, wobei
• – der optimale Arbeitsbereich durch Messung der Ionenintensität über einen Ionenmeßfühler und daran angepaßtes Regelsytem gesteuert wird.

According to the invention, this is achieved by a method in which

• - air sucked in via blower / compressor via a filter,
• - Is swirled in a tube-shaped ion generator and
• - The oxygen molecules are ionized with a voltage of 2,300 V to 6,400 V and frequencies of 25 Hz to 580 Hz at a pulse frequency of 4,000 to 16,000 Hz and
• - The air is introduced with the electrostatically charged particles over a discharge system wide area in the medium to be treated and thereby distributed, wherein
• - The optimum working range is controlled by measuring the ion intensity via a Ionenmeßfühler and adapted Regelelsytem.

The Pulse frequency or Umpolfrequenz the electrodes is independent of the frequency of the alternating current used set by pulse generator.

Thereby to direct the number of positive and negative oxygen ions become.

It is useful the air at a pressure of 0.2 to 0.6 bar in the ion generator initiated.

Preferably The voltage at the ion generator should be 200V to 250V and the frequency 50 Hz to 150 Hz (eg mains voltage) are at one pulse frequency from 4,000 to 6,000 Hz.

In the ion generator, oxygen ions O ₂ ⁺ and O ₂ ^{- are} formed by electrostatic charging of the inactive oxygen molecules. The charged oxygen ions are conducted with the air to the discharge system.

Of the Workspace is on a relatively small chemical reaction energy range limited. At the heart of the development was this small area between inactive Oxygen and ozone due to the higher oxidation potential of active oxygen ions for The natural To use oxidation.

The transition from active oxygen ions to ozone alone takes place at impact of high amounts of energy in practice very fast. Because the degradation effects are significantly lower by ozone than by ionization when developing on the process of exclusive production targeted by oxygen ions to the increased formation and overreactions to exclude in the direction of ozone.

Any amount of ozone generated, even in practice, means loss of actively generated oxygen ions. The primarily available oxygen content in the ambient air In order to achieve optimal oxidation behavior, it must be used optimally for the generation of oxygen ions. This was achieved by various technical parameters such as voltage type and voltage level.

hydrocarbons and their chemically analogous compounds are thus fast and effectively oxidized. Due to the high oxidation potential of the charged oxygen ions are split bacterial envelopes and thus sustainable destroyed.

In Dissolved water Humic substances belong to the hardly degradable substances in drinking water treatment. Again, good results are achieved. A targeted use positive or negative oxygen ions can chemical degradation quantitatively affect substances that are difficult to oxidize.

in the Contrary to the ozone production become the oxygen ion generation much less energy needed. The total energy requirement is at about 0.8 watts per liter medium loaded raw water.

It It is important that this ionized air is possible to be prepared over a large area Medium (contaminated water and / or contaminated air) passed becomes.

One Ion probe in exiting air duct monitors the working area of the ion generator and controls the voltage and Frequency in the ion generator, depending on the degree of soiling.

• – einem Seitenkanalgebläse/Kompressor (1) mit vorgeschalteten F7-Filter (2) zur Ansaugung/Kompression von Luft,
• – einem Ionenerzeuger in Form zweier ineinander gesteckter Glasröhren (10, 11) mit einem (durch eine der Glasröhren (11)) getrennten Kathoden- (12) und Anodengeflecht (13) aus Edelstahl,
• – einem breitflächig angeordneten und zu Verwirbelungen der ionisierten Luft im aufzubereitenden Medium führenden Ausströmsystem und
• – einem Regelsystem (3), das durch einen Ionenmeßfühler (6) gesteuert wird.

The device or system according to the invention consists of

• - a side channel blower / compressor ( 1 ) with upstream F7 filter ( 2 ) for the suction / compression of air,
• - an ion generator in the form of two nested glass tubes ( 10 . 11 ) with one (through one of the glass tubes ( 11 )) separate cathode ( 12 ) and anode mesh ( 13 ) made of stainless steel,
• - A broad-based and leading to turbulence of the ionized air in the medium to be recycled leading outflow system and
• - a control system ( 3 ), which by an ion probe ( 6 ) is controlled.

Under a so-called F7 filter becomes a fine filter <50 μm for the Filtration of the intake air to be sucked understood.

It is particularly advantageous if all components of the device, with the exception of the outflow system, are arranged compactly in a closed and transportable system ( 1 ).

The ion generator in the form of a cylinder ( 2 ) consists of one with two end caps ( 9 ) provided glass tube ( 10 ), in which a second glass tube ( 11 ) above and below in the end caps ( 9 ) is embedded. The second glass tube ( 11 ) serves as an insulator between cathode ( 12 ) and anode mesh ( 13 ). The air is applied to an end cover ( 9 ) and flows through the inner glass tube ( 11 ) with the cathode ( 12 ) and anode mesh ( 13 ).

With this flow, it comes at the cathode and anode braids ( 12 and 13 ) to turbulences and at the same time to the electrostatic charge of the oxygen molecules in the air. The now activated positive and negative oxygen ions are transmitted via the other end cap ( 9 ) to the discharge system.

To achieve optimal turbulence, the air is introduced into the ion generator at a pressure of 0.2 to 0.6 bar. The cathode braid ( 12 ) consists of stainless steel with a mesh size preferably from 0.6 mm to 1.5 mm and a material thickness preferably from 0.2 mm to 0.5 mm. The anode mesh ( 13 ) is also made of stainless steel, but with a mesh size preferably from 1.4 mm to 2.6 mm and a material thickness of preferably 0.5 mm to 1.2 mm.

Of the Working range is at a voltage of 2,300 V to 6,400 V and a frequency of 25 Hz to 580 Hz. Suitably, alternating current of 200 V up to 250 V (mains voltage) and a frequency of 50 Hz and over 50 Hz used.

• – bei der Aufbereitung von Luft als Ausströmdüse (3),
• – bei der Aufbereitung von Wasser als Ausströmplatte (4) und
• – bei der Aufbereitung gleichzeitig von Wasser und Luft als rohrförmiges System (5).

The Ausströmsysteme invention are wide-area, but designed differently depending on the medium to be treated, namely

• - in the treatment of air as a discharge nozzle ( 3 )
• - in the treatment of water as Ausströmplatte ( 4 ) and
• - in the treatment of water and air simultaneously as a tubular system ( 5 ).

In the air handling systems, this is done by the exhaust nozzle, consisting of a round entrance ( 14 ) with a diameter of 30 mm to 80 mm and an elliptical outlet ( 15 ) from 80 mm to 250 mm and a swirl plate 100 mm to 150 mm away ( 16 ). This ensures optimum distribution, turbulence and mixing of the oxygen ions with the air to be treated.

In the treatment of drinking, process and waste water, distribution takes place through the discharge plate. This plate consists of a closed lower plate, an air distribution spiral ( 17 ) with a height of 8 mm to 14 mm and a cover plate with holes ( 5 ) from 0.6 mm to 1.3 mm, through which the ionized air with an air bubble size of 0.3 mm to 1.6 mm can escape into the water and flow through it.

In the treatment of water and air, preferably in air conditioning systems, the distribution is carried out by the tubular outflow system. The ionized oxygen becomes an air distributor ( 7 ) guided. The connected and interconnected perforated piping systems ( 8th ) have a diameter of 8 mm to 48 mm, and the introduced into the tube air outlet openings ( 5 ) from 0.8 mm to 2.9 mm ensure an air bubble size of 1 mm to 3.2 mm for optimum flow through the water and subsequent turbulence with the air to be cleaned.

The inventive device with its variants is exemplified schematically by the figures

1 Compact system (without outflow system)

2 ionizer

3 Exhaust nozzle for air

4 Outlet system for water and

5 tubular discharge system for water and air shown.

In this mean:

1

Blower / compressor ( 1 )

2

F7 filter ( 1 )

3

Control system ( 1 )

4

Ionizer 1 )

5

Outflow openings ( 4 . 5 )

6

Ion probe

7

Air distributor ( 5 )

8th

Perforated pipe system ( 5 )

9

End caps of the ion generator ( 2 )

10

outer glass tube of the ion generator ( 2 )

11

inner glass tube of the ion generator ( 2 )

12

Cathode mesh of the ion generator ( 2 )

13

Anode mesh of the ion generator ( 2 )

14

circular entrance ( 3 )

15

elliptical output ( 3 )

16

Swirl plate ( 3 )

17

Air distribution spiral ( 4 )

Of the Ion probe is built into the channel to measure the ion intensity. About a rule system In particular, the voltage and the pulse frequency in the ionizer regulated. The inflow of untreated water could also be controlled become.

Of the Energy consumption of the method according to the invention is 0.1 up to 1.5 watts / liter of water lower than in previously known methods, on average at 0.8 watts / liter.

By the newly developed ionization process has achieved an extremely higher oxidation intensity Service. So far, ozone has been considered as the best possible oxidizer. Thus, the effectiveness is decidedly higher than in the conventional one Ozone treatment, which is currently practiced in all areas.

at The treatment of air is through the air blower units Air sucked in and passed into the ion generator. The air becomes ionized by electric charge and over the shortest possible Transported way to ion induction. About this get the electric charged ions in the duct of the air duct system, meet the exhaust air to be disinfected react with those in the air Germinate and eliminate them.

In Result of the oxidation process are also occurring odor nuisance neutralized.

It there is a sterilization of the entire air duct system. exempt of environmentally harmful substances such as germs and bacteria as well as odor emissions, the treated Exhaust air safely be discharged into the atmosphere.

• – Entkeimung von Salzlaken, Entkeimung von Brauchwasser und Entkeimung von Bearbeitungsräumen bei der Fleischverarbeitung,
• – Entkeimung von Wasser zur Flaschenspülung in der Getränkeindustrie,
• – Entkeimung von Wasser in Fischaufzuchtbecken,
• – Entkeimung von Prozesswasser zur Rückführung in Produktionsprozess oder zur Rückführung in öffentliche Gewässer.

Examples of the treatment of organic and / or biologically contaminated water include the following uses:

• - degermination of brine, sterilization of process water and sterilization of processing rooms in meat processing,
• - degermination of water for bottle washing in the beverage industry,
• - sterilization of water in fish breeding tanks,
• - Sterilization of process water for recycling in production process or for return to public waters.

One of the current topics in drinking water treatment is pesticide residues (from agriculture), especially as the share of herbicides and other pesticides in raw water will rise in the coming years. Plant protection products and insecticides have been widely used since 1970. Since nature is usually very difficult or impossible to decompose these substances, they have penetrated through the soil into water-bearing layers. As an egg One of the main representatives of herbicides is called atrazine. It is the most prominent representative of triazine herbicides. The mining capacity in nature is virtually zero. In contrast, the results of the invention confirm the high oxidation activity of the oxygen ions.

Around the effectiveness the germ killing to check was the device according to the invention used for the treatment of water, with a defined Amount of the bacterium Legionella pneumophila was vaccinated. To a starting concentration was chosen that was a massive (in exceptional cases) Load in aquifer Systems corresponds.

After this a first sampling to determine the existing bacterial concentration (zero value), the device was put into operation and Take water samples at pre-determined time intervals and microbiologically examined.

The initial sampling showed a baseline concentration of 140,000 cfu / ml on Legionella (zero value). After sampling, the device was switched on. Already after one hour running time, one showed up Reduction of the used bacterial strain Legionella pneumophila from 140,000 cfu / ml to an undetectable concentration (KBE = Colony Forming Unit).

Claims (9)

Process for the treatment of organically and / or biologically contaminated water or contaminated air by intensive treatment of the water or the air with positive and negative oxygen ions as oxidizing agent, which are produced in an ionizer, characterized in that - air by means of blower / compressor over sucked in a filter, - vortexed in a tube-shaped ion generator and - the oxygen molecules are thereby ionized with alternating current of a voltage of 2.300 V to 6,400 V and frequencies of 25 Hz to 580 Hz at a pulse frequency of 4,000 to 16,000 Hz and - the air with the electrostatically charged particles are introduced over a broad-area discharge system in the medium to be treated and thereby distributed, wherein - the optimal working range is controlled by measuring the ion intensity via an ion sensor and control system adapted thereto. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that that the air is at a pressure of 0.2 to 0.6 bar in the ion generator is initiated. Method according to Claims 1 and 2, characterized that the voltage at the ion generator 200 V to 250 V and the frequency 50 Hz to 150 Hz and pulse frequency of 4,000 to 6,000 Hz. Apparatus for the treatment of organic and / or biologically contaminated water or contaminated air by intensive treatment of the water or the air with positive and negative oxygen ions as oxidants, which are produced in an ionizer, consisting of - a side channel blower / compressor ( 1 ) with upstream F7 filter ( 2 ) for the suction / compression of air, - an ion generator ( 4 ) in the form of two nested glass tubes ( 10 . 11 ) with one (through one of the glass tubes ( 11 )) separate cathode ( 12 ) and anode mesh ( 13 ) made of stainless steel, - a discharge system arranged over a wide area and leading to turbulences of the ionized air in the - medium to be treated, and - a control system ( 3 ) by an ion probe ( 6 ) is controlled. Device according to claim 4, characterized in that that all components of the device compact in a closed Plant are arranged, with the exception of the discharge system, via pipelines or hoses connected. Device according to claims 4 and 5, characterized in that that in the ion generator, the cathode mesh has a mesh size from 0.6 to 1.5 mm and a material thickness of 0.2 to 0.8 mm and the An odengeflecht a mesh size of 1.4 to 2.6 mm and a material thickness of 0.5 to 1.2 mm. Device according to one or more of claims 4 to 6, characterized in that the outflow system for the treatment of air is a Ausströmdüse, from a round entrance ( 14 ) with a diameter of 30 mm to 80 mm and an elliptical outlet ( 15 ) from 80 mm to 250 mm and a swirl plate 100 mm to 150 mm away ( 16 ) consists. Device according to one or more of claims 4 to 6, characterized in that the discharge system for the treatment of water is a Ausströmplatte consisting of a closed lower plate, an air distribution spiral attached thereto ( 17 ) with a height of 8 mm to 14 mm and a cover plate with holes ( 5 ) from 0.6 mm to 1.3 mm. Device according to one or more of claims 4 to 6, characterized in that the outflow system for the treatment of water and air is a tubular exhaust system with an air distributor ( 7 ) and connected and interconnected perforated piping systems ( 8th ) with a diameter of 8 mm to 48 mm and in the pipe introduced air outlet openings ( 5 ) from 0.8 mm to 2.9 mm.