DE20122891U1 - Plant for biological and biochemical treatment of water, preferably pool water - Google Patents

Abstract

Plant for biological and biochemical treatment of water, preferably of pool water, consisting of a prefilter and a downstream sand filter plant in which the water is precleaned by mechanical components, an ionization unit in which an atmospheric air stream is introduced and ionized, an activated carbon filter in which the ionized air stream is introduced to assist in the oxidation, a reactor in which the water introduced from the activated carbon filter is subjected to a photochemical and photocatalytic oxidation in which it flows through a titanium dioxide catalyst, which by means of UV-C radiation in the wave range of 254 to 185 is irradiated, characterized in that the titanium dioxide catalyst (22) in the reactor (15) consists of a titanium dioxide which is bound with a physiologically acceptable binder to a granulate with a diameter of 0.5 to 1.8 mm and that of water with a Strömungsgesc flow rate is greater than 0.8 m / s, and that the ozone produced by the process of UV-C irradiation (23) of the titanium dioxide catalyst (22) is produced from the ...

Description

The The invention relates to a plant for biological and biochemical treatment of water, preferably pool water, consisting of a prefilter and a downstream sand filter facility where the water from mechanical components, an ionization unit, in which an atmospheric air stream is introduced and ionized, an activated carbon filter in which the ionized airflow is in support the oxidation is initiated, a reactor in which the from the Activated carbon filter introduced water of a photochemical and photocatalytic Oxidation is subject in which it is a titania catalyst flows through, by means of UV-C radiation in the wave range irradiated from 254 to 185 nm.

Attachments for water treatment by means of a supplied ionized Airflow with ozone content for the treatment of water are known and find in biological and biochemical water treatment in a wide range of applications, as a result of increased use the good oxidative property associated with such plants be triggered on another addition, such as chlorine, Chloro dioxides or other chemicals can be dispensed with if the dosage is too low, there is not enough water present Kill microorganisms or at too high a dosage too unpleasant up to health endangered side effects can lead to humans. Especially in water facilities, such as swimming pools or similar facilities, Often, the addition of chemicals is very uncontrolled, so that it causes health problems of bacteria-contaminated water or by over-chlorinated water Water to unpleasant side effects, such as mucous membrane irritation, can come.

Especially for the water treatment of swimming pools but also for otherwise used water treatment plants without Chemical additives are currently various cleaning systems known, according to an electrocatalytic process or after to work a photooxidation process.

One Cleaning system with electro-catalytic plant is, for example known by the so-called ionizer cleaning system in which the water to be treated through a copper-silver ionization system to be led. In doing so, a lot of the during the catalysis of detached outer atoms from the electrodes to positively charged ions, called copper and Silver ions are entrained with the water flow. The so in the water introduced positive copper and silver ions go with it the negative areas of the cell walls of microorganisms an electrostatic linkage that causes that the cell wall is changed so that the required food intake is kept to a minimum. At the same time, the copper particles that have penetrated into an algae cell and silver ions the sulfur, the traces of amino acids which disrupted life-threatening photosynthesis and the cell usually dies, hence the number of the largest bacteria affected by copper and silver ions Part killed.

Such However, designed systems have the disadvantage that on the one hand at least the proportion of copper ions in the water is constantly monitored and on the other, that with algae and bacteria Saturated copper and silver ions from the swimming pool or any other water supply can be filtered off and disposed of have to. In addition, with this Procedures no hydrocarbon compounds are eliminated from the water. But also highly resistant bacterial strains, among others already chlorine-resistant or inadequate be destroyed, since with the cleaning system only inadequate in the change of the DNA of bacteria can be intervened.

To eliminate hydrocarbon compounds with a plant, was from the US 5,685,994 It is known that an ionized air stream with ozone content is additionally supplied to the water stream prior to catalysis in order to improve the oxidation potential for the elimination of chemical compounds from the hydrocarbon series. This ionized air stream with ozone content is generated in a reactor in which filtered sucked air is irradiated in a closed container with a UV radiation, which is capable of generating ozone.

These Plants are very energy intensive and require an additional Production of ionized gas with ozone content, resulting in an increased equipment Effort leads. Furthermore, this cleaning system also leads not completely destructive of the DNA of highly resistant Bacterial strains.

Out CATALYSIS-The Environmental Encyclopedia, 1993, is known to undergo UV-C irradiation (280-180 nm) living cells, such. B. bacteria, are killed. This knowledge is known in medicine and technology used for disinfection for years and is finding in recent times also more and more attention with the water treatment.

In such systems, which already belong to the general state of the art, are from the water after mechanical pre-cleaning the microorganisms filtered out by means of a gravel bed filter or an activated carbon filter, whereby toxic chloramine compounds are eliminated and then the water stream is irradiated with a UV-C irradiation for bacteriological and viral disinfection. But even with this method, chemical compounds of the hydrocarbon series can not be completely eliminated. Moreover, the UV-C irradiation of the water stream alone does not always cause a photochemical change in the DNA of bacteria in such a way as to guarantee complete destruction of the genome in each case. Consequently, it can not be assumed with certainty that a further multiplication of the bacteria is excluded.

It But it is also known that in support of mining of toxic substances used in water by sunlight titanium dioxide is the suitable catalytic properties for this purpose having. However, this photocatalyst was used as a powder in used a slurry and had again be removed from the purified water.

task The present invention is therefore the aforementioned chemical-free systems for biological and biochemical treatment to improve water in such a way that with a low energetic and device complexity in the DNS of highly resistant Bacterial strains have a sufficient photochemical change which prevents proliferation, chemical compounds of the Hydrocarbon series eliminated from the water, the plant virtually maintenance-free and control-free with a long service life can be operated.

The Task is according to the invention with a plant solved according to the preamble of claim 1, wherein the Titanium dioxide catalyst in the reactor consists of a titanium dioxide, that with a physiologically harmless binder to a Granules with a diameter of 0.5 to 1.8 mm is bound and flows through the water with a flow velocity of> 0.8 m / s and that in the UV-C irradiation of the titanium dioxide catalyst Process-generated ozone from the container of the Reactor discharged via an introduced metered amount of air is that by means of a diaphragm pump via an air supply line introduced into the container of the reactor and over an air discharge line connected to the ionization unit is derived from the container of the reactor and that the in this way ionized metered amount of air from the ionization unit in a downstream mixer the pre-cleaned water flow to Degradation and destruction of trihalogen compounds (THM) before Charcoal filter is mixed.

With simultaneous photochemical and photocatalytic oxidation, those associated with the UV-C irradiation in conjunction with the floating in the Water flow existing titanium dioxide granules triggered in the reactor can be an extra boosted for one Change in the DNA caused by bacteria which leads to an absolute destruction of the genome of the bacteria leads, so not only the multiplication of bacteria and Germinating is generally prevented, but also the multiplication of highly resistant bacterial strains can be prevented which, among other things, can already be chlorine-resistant and second, by the catalytic function of the titanium oxide, which is known by the action of UV-C radiation hydroxyl radicals forms, oxidized organic and inorganic components of water, so that sustainably still existing hydrocarbon compounds, such as phenol and chloramine compounds oxidized become.

About that In addition, is triggered by the photocatalytic oxidation by the UV-C radiation in the reactor an effective destruction reaches the suspended in the water flow floating algae.

With the determination and the hermetic delivery of the process generated ozone content in the water flow through the ionization module, the continuous in the suction of the pump before the activated carbon filter into the water stream via an embedded static Mixer is introduced and dispersed, can on a additional ozone production and supply to the water stream be waived. It is surprising shown that the process-related ozone content during the UV-C irradiation in conjunction with the subsequent Ionization of the ozone-containing air stream sufficient oxidation radicals in the activated carbon filter ensures a very positive oxidation intensity in the activated carbon filter stage, when this air flow regulated by a static mixer in front of the pump of the Activated carbon filter is supplied to the purified water.

consequently can be used in conjunction with the downstream photochemical and photocatalytic oxidation in the reactor to an additional produced ozone are dispensed to the oxidation intensity in the Activated carbon filter to increase.

With the proposed flow rate and the bound in granular form titanium dioxide with a diameter of 0.5 to 1.8 mm ensures that a residence time of Water can be guaranteed in the reactor, in which an active and sufficient photochemical and photocatalytic oxidation occurs, on the one hand causes a change in the DNA of the bacteria, which leads to the safe destruction of the genome even by highly resistant bacteria and on the other contributes to the catalytic Function of titanium dioxide for Aufoxidydieren the organic and inorganic components of the water is fully effective.

To In another preferred embodiment, the supply of the ionized ozone-containing airflow in dependence from the generated pressure in the secondary circuit to the pump via a continuously regulating valve in the air line regulated. To this Way the bacteria and germs set during the procedure constantly by the proportionate and dispersed ozone content in the water, which is a Oxydationsradikal with high oxidation potential is eliminated and a cleavage of the activated carbon in the activated carbon filter is counteracted. Consequently, it is ensured that the activated carbon filter constantly in its complete Scope of services in the treatment process of the water is included. In addition, the life of the Activated carbon filter significantly extended.

To Another preferred embodiment is the process implementation the plant depending on the result of a continuous carried out by means of a water quality test an assigned control module on or off. advantageously, the water quality test is carried out in a pilot line associated sensors, with constantly a small amount Water is pumped out of the water reservoir.

On In this way the plant becomes energetically very economical and, on the other hand, independent of separate audits the water quality operated, otherwise in many cases be carried out very sporadically and thus not always a biological and biochemical safety of the water quality guarantee.

Prefers For example, the binder for the titanedioid granules is a polymeric-resin compound. This Binder has surprisingly been found to be advantageous there with this binder targeted to the specific gravity of a Granule can be influenced. Consequently, can very deliberately influenced by the amount of binder be that at a predetermined flow rate the titanium dioxide granules are suspended in the water stream. But it is also possible, the specific gravity of a granule by an additional addition of quartz silicate on a to match the predetermined flow rate accordingly.

With the inventive proposed plant for water treatment can consequently a water quality in a very economical way be achieved, which has a high biological and biochemical Has degree of purification and the bacteriologically and virally safe is, the energy required for this can be very be kept low.

First Trials have shown that per liter of water to be treated an amount of energy of less than 0.5 watts is sufficient.

Further Details of the invention will become apparent from the following detailed Description and the accompanying drawings, in which a preferred Embodiment of the invention is shown.

In show the drawings:

1 : a functional diagram of a water treatment plant with reactor,

2 : A schematically illustrated control module of the system with associated control outputs, which are each marked with the reference numeral of the device-to-be-controlled unit to be controlled.

1 shows a plant for water treatment, which is preferably used for the treatment of water in a swimming pool.

Such a water treatment plant consists essentially of a pre-filter 2 , a quartz sand filter system 4 , an ionization module 14 , a static mixer 6 , a self-priming pump 7 , an activated carbon filter 8th and the reactor 15 ,

The reactor 15 consists of a hermetically sealed container 10 that with UV-C radiation 23 reflective interior walls 16 is trained. Center in the container 10 is a longitudinally formed and vertically arranged UV-C emitter 9 with a wavelength of 200-260 nm before seen with a container 10 hermetically penetrating supply line electrically from the control module 12 is supplied.

Parallel and spaced to the UV-C emitter 9 are water-bearing pipes 21 . 21a arranged, which consist of a UV-C radiation-permeable material and are partially filled with a titanium dioxide granules, the granular form has a diameter of 0.5 to 1.8 mm and has a specific gravity at which the granules at a flow rate of the Water flow of> is held in suspension as 0.8 m / s.

The lower end of each tube 21 . 21a is with a water inlet 17 respectively. 17a provided with one in the container 10 running central line 19 communicates with the bottom of the container 10 hermetically penetrates. At the top of the pipes 21 . 12a is the water drain 18 respectively. 18a arranged, likewise with one in the container 10 running central line 20 communicate with the upper end of the container 10 hermetically penetrates.

In the lower part of the container 10 is an air supply line 24 hermetically connected, via the during the process execution continuously a metered air flow by means of the diaphragm pump 13 is supplied. In the upper part of the container 10 is an air exhaust duct 25 also hermetically connected.

To the air discharge line 25 closes an ionization module 14 on, which has a steadily regulating valve 5 with the static mixer 6 communicating in the suction side of the pump 7 in front of the activated carbon filter 8th is involved.

In front of the static mixer 6 is a quartz sand filter 4 with a preferred grain size of 0.2 to 1.2 mm and a prefilter 2 preceded by a filter bed of approx. 50 my. In the line between the pre-filter 2 and the quartz sand filter 4 is a flow meter 3 arranged to measure the flow rate.

At the swimming pool 1 is a pilot line 26 connected, in which continuously a small amount of water from the swimming pool 1 is pumped around. In the pilot line 26 is a pilot pump 11 arranged with water quality sensors with the control module 12 the water treatment plant communicates. About this control module 12 become the device-technical units of the plant, like the pump 7 , the quartz sand filter 4 , the ionization module 14 , the diaphragm pump 13 , the UV C emitter 9 , the steadily regulating valve 5 via the water quality sensors of the pilot pump 11 controlled if the water quality deviates from the setpoint by the water quality sensors in the pilot pump 11 is determined.

Will a setpoint change occur through one of the water quality sensors of the pilot pump 11 to the control module 12 reported, controls the control module 12 simultaneously or with a time delay, depending on the design of the control module 12 , the pump 7 , the quartz sand filter 4 , the ionization module 14 , the diaphragm pump 13 , the UV-C emitter 9 and the steadily regulating valve 5 and activates these device-technical units.

By activating the device-technical units of the water treatment plant is by the self-priming pump 7 Water from the swimming pool 1 and at the same time atmospheric air through the diaphragm pump 13 sucked kontiunierlich over the reactor 15 the ionization module 14 is supplied. As the air flows through the reactor 15 will be in the reactor 15 Due to the process caused by the radiation of the active UV-C emitter, a small amount of ozone generated, which is entrained with the air flowing through, so that the Ionisationsmodul 14 supplied an air stream with a weak ozone content and in the ionization module 14 is ionized. This air flow is dependent on the pressure of the pump 7 over the constantly regulating valve 5 controlled in the static mixer 6 introduced and in static mixer 6 that of the pump 7 supplied sucked water stream and dispersed in this.

The one by the pump 7 sucked water flow from the swimming pool 1 is in the pre-filter 2 , which is designed with a self-cleaning by cyclic backwashing, pre-cleaned from coarse floating contaminants to a size of 0.5 mm and then preferably a quartz sand filter 4 fed, which is provided with a layered grain size of 0.2 to 1.2 mm. In the quartz sand filter 4 , which is also formed with a cyclic backwashing, the deposition of remaining in the water flow smallest solid suspended impurities takes place.

After pre-cleaning the water flow, the water flow is in the subsequent static mixer 6 the ozone-containing ionized air flow from the ionization module 14 supplied, the amount of which depends on the pressure of the pump 7 over the constantly regulating valve 5 is added. Through the static mixer 6 the ozone-containing and ionized air stream is finely dispersed in the water stream. By this finest dispersion of the ozone-containing ionized air stream, which acts as Oxydationsradikale, a maximum oxidation potential is achieved and thus the oxidation intensity in the subsequent activated carbon filter 8th very favorably influenced. Thus it is achieved that by the high oxidation intensity of the oxidation radicals in the activated carbon filter 8th Most bacteria and germs are split from the water stream and through the activated carbon filter 8th be bound.

At the same time, by the continuous introduction and dispersion of the ozone-containing ionized air flow into the water flow, the pressure-dependent of the pump 7 kept constant, already fixed bacteria and germs in the activated carbon filter 8th locally eliminated as a result of the proportionate ozone radicals in the air stream.

After passing the activated carbon filter 8th The flow of water from below into the proportions with titanium dioxide granules 22 acted upon pipes 21 . 21a of the reactor 15 introduced and flows through the pipes 21 . 21a from bottom to top and then into the swimming pool 1 returned.

The UV-C radiation-permeable tubes 21 . 21a are flowed through by the water flow with a flow velocity> 0.8 m / s. At this flow rate, the titanium dioxide granules 22 , whose specific weight is designed accordingly, held in suspension in the water flow and thus provides for that of the UV-C emitter 9 emitted rays 23 due to the refektierenden inner wall 16 of the container 10 multiply reflected, a maximum surface for the photocatalytic oxidation, due to the acting UV-C rays 23 on the titanium dioxide granules 22 is triggered.

By the in the reactor 15 using UV-C rays 23 triggered photochemical oxidation, a photochemical change in the DNA of bacteria and germs is caused, which damage the genetic material of bacteria and germs so strong that a further increase in the water is still highly resistant bacterial and bacterial strains is prevented.

In addition, with the action of UV-C rays 23 on the titanium dioxide granules 22 simultaneously with the photochemical oxidation, the photocatalytic oxidation in the reactor 15 triggered, in conjunction with the action of UV-C radiation 22 on the titanium dioxide granules 22 a hydroxyl radical is formed which permanently oxidizes compounds of the hydrocarbon series, such as phenolic and chloroamines compounds and also effectively destroys suspended algae.

1

Swimming pool

2

prefilter about 50 my

3

flow meter

4

quartz sand filter

5

steady regulating valve for reaction air mixture

6

static mixer

7

pump with pressure sensor

8th

Activated carbon filter

9

UV-C emitter

10

container

11

pilot pump with water quality sensor

12

control module the plant.

13

diaphragm pump

14

ionization for process air

15

reactor

16

inner wall

17 17a

water supply

18 18a

water drain

19

Central line

20

Central line

21 21a

Tube

22

Titanium oxide granules

23

radiation

24

Air supply line

25

Air discharge line

26

pilot line

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list The documents listed by the applicant have been automated generated and is solely for better information recorded by the reader. The list is not part of the German Patent or utility model application. The DPMA takes over no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• - US 5685994 [0006]

Claims (5)

Plant for biological and biochemical treatment of water, preferably of pool water, consisting of a prefilter and a downstream sand filter plant in which the water is precleaned by mechanical components, an ionization unit in which an atmospheric air stream is introduced and ionized, an activated carbon filter in which the ionized air stream is introduced to assist in the oxidation, a reactor in which the water introduced from the activated carbon filter is subjected to a photochemical and photocatalytic oxidation in which it flows through a titanium dioxide catalyst, which by means of UV-C radiation in the wave range of 254 to 185 nm is irradiated, characterized in that the titanium dioxide catalyst ( 22 ) in the reactor ( 15 ) consists of a titanium dioxide, which is bound with a physiologically acceptable binder to a granulate with a diameter of 0.5 to 1.8 mm and which flows through the water at a flow rate of> than 0.8 m / s and that in UV-C irradiation ( 23 ) of the titanium dioxide catalyst ( 22 ) process-induced ozone from the container ( 10 ) of the reactor ( 15 ) is discharged via an introduced metered amount of air, which by means of a diaphragm pump ( 13 ) via an air supply line ( 24 ) in the container ( 10 ) of the reactor ( 15 ) and via a with the ionization unit ( 14 ) connected air discharge line ( 25 ) from the container ( 10 ) of the reactor ( 15 ) and that the ionized dosed amount of air thus ionized by the ionizing unit ( 25 ) in a downstream mixer ( 6 ) the pre-purified water stream for the degradation and destruction of trihalogen compounds (THM) before the coal active filter ( 8th ) is mixed. Installation according to claim 1, characterized in that the supply of the ionized ozone-containing air quantity to the water flow as a function of the pressure generated in the secondary circuit downstream of the pump ( 7 ) via a continuously regulating valve ( 5 ) in the air line between the ionization unit ( 14 ) and the mixer ( 6 ) is regulated. Plant according to one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that the process execution the plant depending on the result of a continuous passed water quality test an associated control module is switched on or off. Installation according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the water quality test in a pilot line ( 26 ) via associated sensors, in which a small amount of water is constantly circulated from the water reservoir. Plant according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the binder for the titanium dioxide granules is a polymer-resin compound.