DE101588C

DE101588C -

Info

Publication number: DE101588C
Application number: DENDAT101588D
Authority: DE

Description

KAISERLICHESIMPERIAL

PATENTAMT.PATENT OFFICE.

PATENTSCHRIFTPATENT LETTERING

Patentirt im Deutschen Reiche vom 7. Dezember 1897 ab.Patented in the German Empire on December 7, 1897.

Die vorliegende Erfindung bezieht sich auf das Verfahren der trockenen Destillation von Holz, Sägemehl bezw. sonstigen Holzabfällen, Holzbriketts und verwandtem Gut und bezweckt, dasselbe bezüglich Ausbeute zu verbessern durch eine Arbeitsweise, welche das Entstehen von Ueberhitze in der. Retorte ausschliefst. The present invention relates to the process of dry distillation of Wood, sawdust or other wood waste, wood briquettes and related goods and intended, to improve the same in terms of yield by a method that prevents the occurrence of overheating in the. Excludes retort.

. Die zur Ausführung der trockenen Destillation von Holz üblichen Retortenanordnungen zeigen sich darin überaus fehlerhaft, dafs sie mit dem Fortgang der Destillation Berührung eines Theiles der Destillationsproducte mit glühenden Wandungen zu Stande kommen lassen und so durch Zerstörung von Methylalkohol, Essigsäure etc. eine erhebliche Schädigung der Ausbeute herbeiführen. Bekanntlich erfolgt die Beheizung der üblich stehend angeordneten Retorten von unten nach oben vermittelst der Abgase. Indem nun mit dem Fortschreiten der Destillation die Beschickung zunehmend zusammensinkt (schwindet), erfährt die Wandung der Retorte eine von oben nach unten hin zunehmende Entblöfsung, wodurch dieser Theil der Retortenwandung eine rasch anwachsende Ueberhitzung erfährt und vermittelst dieser zersetzend einwirkt auf die ihn auf dem Wege nach dem Abzüge bestreichenden Destillationsproducte. Entgegenwirken durch Regelung der Heizgase ist nur in beschränktem Mafse ausführlich.. Show the typical retort arrangements for performing dry distillation of wood extremely mistaken in the fact that they come into contact with the progress of the distillation Let parts of the distillation products come into being with glowing walls and so on the destruction of methyl alcohol, acetic acid etc. causes considerable damage to the yield bring about. It is known that the retorts, which are usually arranged upright, are heated from bottom to top by means of the Exhaust gases. By now increasing the feed as the distillation progresses collapses (shrinks), the wall of the retort experiences one from top to bottom increasing defoliation, making this part of the retort wall a rapidly growing one Experiences overheating and by means of this has a corrosive effect on it on the Ways of distillation products coated after the withdrawal. Counteracting this by regulating the heating gases is only detailed to a limited extent.

Diesen Uebelstand in Fortfall zu bringen, besteht die vorliegende Erfindung in solcher Ausführung des Verfahrens, dafs das Zusammensinken bezw. Schwinden der Beschickung benutzt wird vermittelst eines auf der Retorte angeordneten Magazines oder Aufsatzes, das Nachsinken von frischem Material zu veranlassen. In dieser Weise wird die Entblöfsung der Retortenwandung und infolge davon auch ihre schädliche Ueberhitzung völlig verhindert. Die Gröfse des Magazins richtet sich nach dem zu destillirenden Gut und wird zweckrnäfsig so bemessen, dafs die resultirende Kohle einen etwas geringeren Raum einnimmt, als der Arbeitsraum der Retorte beträgt. Die nämliche Arbeit, die bisher für eine Charge aufzuwenden nöthig war, genügt somit, um die doppelte Menge Gut zu destilliren, in anderen Worten, man braucht nunmehr zur Destillation derselben Menge Gutes nur halb so viel Retorten wie früher anzuordnen. Dabei vollzieht sich infolge der besseren Wärmeausnutzung die Verkohlung in erheblich kürzerer Zeit als früher. Das Magazin erhält am zweckmäßigsten cylindrische oder konische Gestaltung. Es wird stehend auf der Retorte angeordnet. Unten ist es ohne Boden, dagegen oben mit einer gasdicht verschliefsbaren Oeffhung zum Einfüllen der Beschickung versehen; seitlich unten geht von ihm das Abzugsrohr für die Destillationsproducte ab. Es wird unter zweckentsprechender Abdichtung entweder unmittelbar auf den Retortenmund gesetzt oder auf ein ringförmiges Zwischenstück, »Aufsatz« genannt, welches mit dem Abzug versehen wird. Letztere Anordnung wird der leichteren Herstellung und Reinigung wegen vorgezogen. Zur Destillation unter vermindertem Druck kann man einen zweiten Abzug am oberen Ende des Magazins anordnen. Am zweckmäfsigsten trifft man die Einrichtung so, dafs die Entleerung der RetorteThe present invention consists in eliminating this disadvantage Execution of the method that the collapse bezw. Feed shrinkage used is by means of a magazine or attachment arranged on the retort, the To cause fresh material to sink. In this way the denudation becomes the Retort wall and, as a result, its harmful overheating is completely prevented. the The size of the magazine depends on the material to be distilled and is appropriately so measured that the resulting coal occupies a little less space than that Working space of the retort. The same work that has previously been done for a batch was necessary, is thus sufficient to distill twice the amount of good, in other words, You now only need half as many retorts to distill the same amount of good as to be arranged earlier. The charring takes place as a result of the better use of heat in a considerably shorter time than before. The magazine gets most convenient cylindrical or conical design. It is placed upright on the retort. Down is it has no bottom, but at the top with a gas-tight closable opening for filling the loading provided; The flue pipe for the distillation products goes from him at the bottom at the side away. It is either placed directly on the retort mouth or on a ring-shaped one with appropriate sealing Intermediate piece, called "essay", which is provided with the trigger. The latter arrangement is preferred for ease of manufacture and cleaning. For distillation under reduced pressure you can see a second trigger at the top of the magazine arrange. It is most expedient to find the arrangement in such a way that the retort can be emptied

fs. Auflage, ausgegeben am 30. September iSgg.)fs. Edition, issued on September 30th as a result)

Claims

takes place on the floor, which is provided with a door for this purpose; otherwise it is for emptying The magazine must first be lifted through the retort mouth.

It is not required, albeit at far more expedient to manufacture the retort and magazine separately; you could use the invention also carry it out in such a way that the retort is made twice as long as it is above and below provided with a closable opening and the exhaust pipe from its central part going out ran.

Of course, the invention can also be used with inclined and lying retorts, only in the latter case is a mechanical template for the uniform expansion of the from the Magazine sinking good to hit.

On the accompanying drawings is that for carrying out the improved method serving apparatus shown schematically in some embodiments, in all Parts which correspond to the figures are denoted by the same letters.

Fig. Ι shows in cross section a vertical retort with placed directly on the mouth cylindrical magazine and emptying through the bottom,

Fig. 2 shows a standing retort with a cylindrical magazine, the latter of a The ring-shaped attachment with the trigger attached to the retort mouth is worn, and

3 also shows a standing retort with attachment and conical magazine and emptying through the retort mouth.

In Fig. Ι the walling of the retort is indicated.

As FIG. 1 shows, the retort protruding downward through the walling g is here 'provided with a tapered base piece a ^l in which an emptying door c is arranged. The retort mouth is surrounded by a flange-like edge a- for placing the cylindrical magazine b. The latter carries the loading door d on the upper end and the discharge pipe e at the bottom, which is covered on the inside with a perforated plate e ¹ ; At the top there is a dotted second draw / which is used if the distillation is carried out under reduced pressure; h are the heating flues.

Doors c and d are closed during operation. To the extent that the wood in the retort α resp. Charring disappears, material sinks from the magazine, so that the retort is constantly filled, that is, its walls remain covered with heat-consuming substances; the distillation productions can draw without interfering with entblöfsten glowing walls in contact so after the withdrawal e. When the distillation is over, the still charcoal residue is released by opening door c and, when it is closed again, fresh material is poured in through the magazine door d .

In FIG. 2, the magazine is inserted into the flange b ' ^{2 of} an annular piece or attachment b ^l , which in turn is inserted into the flange α ^{2 of} the retort ^{mouth, instead of directly in the retort mouth handle 1.} Here the trigger e is arranged on the attachment b ^l .

In FIG. 3, instead of the cylindrical one, an upwardly tapering (conical) magazine b * is used in conjunction with the attachment b ¹ . The retort is emptied through the mouth, for which purpose the magazine is lifted with or without an attachment.

Patent-Α ν saying:

Method of dry distillation of wood using an on the retort set magazine (container) in such a way that from it the dwindling charge Prevention of overheating of the retort wall is supplemented.

For this purpose ι sheet of drawings.