DE10112277C1 - Machine for stitching machine - Google Patents

Abstract

In order to produce the finest stitches that can be classified as solid fabrics in the weave between the normal weave and today's jersey fabrics, there is a device for machine stitch formation with at least one continuous thread, in which the thread by means of the hook part of a knitting or knitting needle is moved through the previously formed stitch as a loop and forms a new stitch, designed in such a way that the walls of a needle channel each have an upwardly open recess which form a vertical sliding edge. Furthermore, the knitting or knitting needle is mounted and designed in the needle channel in such a way that it can be moved backward by means of a downwardly directed transfer hook that can be moved in the longitudinal and vertical directions beyond the center-side vertical edges of the recess. Or the knitting or knitting needle has a slot below the hook, into which a transfer hook which can be moved in the longitudinal and vertical directions can be penetrated.

Description

The invention relates to a device according to the preamble of Claim 1. It is based on an unconventional way of stitch formation. at all previously used stitch-forming methods will be the last the stitch formed is held by a hook designed as the head of the needle, which is then brought into a switch position when the needle is pushed forward. Of there it is attached to the thread by a new thread caught in the needle hook Withdraw the needle using the switch switch over the brought closed hook and after the creation of the new loop dropped over it. So the needle hook has 2 tasks: the last stitch and thus to keep the knitted fabric formed up to that point and to pull a new thread catch and to form a loop.

DE-AS 26 47 185 describes a method for machine stitch formation known with at least one continuous thread, in which the thread is moved through the previously formed stitch as a loop and forms a new stitch, which is then essentially in the plane of the previously formed stitch is held until the next caught thread at the beginning of the loop formation in the area of Stitch formation. The last new stitch formed is about in Time between the next thread being caught (in the needle hook) and the formation of loops (during the needle retraction by an external ) Clamped on part of its circumference from the outside. However, this relatively simple solution has the disadvantage that the Processing polyfile threads single fibers under the clamping slip out and can be gripped by the needle hook, so that a matted fabric is created.

DE 29 09 963 A1 describes a method and an apparatus for form a stitch where the needles are on the front of the needle shaft a widening the stitch to be thrown and up to  Threading of the new thread holding like the needle and in her Longitudinal controlled auxiliary part is assigned, the shaft along the Shank of the hook part extends for its longitudinal movements one in one Lock controlled foot and with an upper extension trained holding fingers between a recording position in which the Holding fingers in one in the shaft of the hook part behind the hook subsequent neck arranged recess, and an expansion position to widen the stitch and cover the needle hook is transversely movable relative to the shaft of the hook part. The auxiliary part including Retaining finger has essentially the same thickness as the shaft of the Part of the hook and is independent of one in its transverse movement Hook part controlled stitch formation element is formed by own lock parts or a tee comb controlled. Has turned out to be disadvantageous the upward holding finger is highlighted, which is a safe one Thread inlet in the needle hook and thus the application of the method in Way stands.

Furthermore, from DE 29 50 147 A1 a knitting machine with needles without Tongues known in the case of longer shaft parts perpendicular to the needle cylinder axis are arranged as selection elements in radial slots and through Control devices are moved transversely and pivotably to the needles can. These have nose-shaped projections facing the cylinder circumference, with which they loop the loop over the needle breast in the needle slot reach under, lift and lift across the needle. Between However, these selection elements must be in between Radial slots can be provided, which are those of the needles lift the loops with the noses so that the Knock off loops over the retracted needle heads and new ones Form stitches. The required boards are an additional expense and significantly reduce fine needle pitches. The constructively conditioned, about this prevents the ring plate protruding from the cylinder diameter  Use in double-sided circular and flat knitting machines. Warp knitted fabrics cannot be manufactured with it either.

Furthermore, there is an expansion process in all common knitting processes necessary, which when pushing the needle through the rise from the neck to the  Breast is accomplished. The needle chest also serves to store the Tongue or with slider needles for taking up and guiding the slider.

In the known latch needle, the thread has several sliding resistances overcome: First by the rise of the needle chest, then over the backward open tongue and finally when you pull back the needle the climb to Hook and the extension over the tongue spoon. So it was already proposed to reduce the breast rise by using only one Holding finger is picked up in it and from there the stitch up the hook is lifted out. The disadvantage is that none Longitudinal movement takes place between the tooth base and the holding finger, just an immersion in the pocket. This allows lint to fly there fix and disrupt the transition of the thread on the holding finger. In the Sliding needle it is problematic that the slider is in the needle face must disappear, but should cover the hook in the closed position. This limits fine designs. It would be ideal if the Mesh could be brought to the height of the hook without increasing the breast.

The object of the inventions characterized in claims 1 and 2 consists in specifying simple devices for all types of stitch formation are applicable and solid substances between the normal woven and make today's jersey fabrics possible.

The first solution according to the invention has the special feature that the Walls each have a vertical sliding edge and that for Holding the stitch serves a downward transfer hook attached to one Special element is arranged that in both longitudinal and in Transverse direction is movable. This opens up new perspectives for Mesh formation, which is reflected in very different processes can be found by lining up the Walls form needle cylinders or discs (dials), as in Circular knitting machines are common, or form a comb from them, as in Warp knitting and weft knitting machines are in use.  

The second solution does not need any sliding edges because the walls the transfer hook can penetrate the needle and the loop takes over.

With the inventions, apart from those resulting from the solutions of Achieved advantages achieved that the needle strokes are extremely short and no sliding resistance occurs during the longitudinal movement of the needles. The Knitted fabric and the related stitch pattern is more important can be produced more evenly. Furthermore, compact components without under breaking vulnerabilities such as slots or hook tapering used become. The finest designs up to 0.2 mm thick are possible. The Swinging out the reversed effective transfer hook favors the Stitching and thread entry in the needle hook when the Breast usually present is missing. The simpler components lead to longer life. All this enables great economy and keeps manufacturing costs low.

Advantageous developments of the invention are in the subclaims 3 to 10 specified.

The developments according to claims 3 and 4 show different ways to control the movement of the hook. ( Fig. 3 to 5)

The development according to claim 5 enables the number of elements to be reduced and the control cams on the needle lock to be simplified ( FIGS. 6 to 8).

The designs according to claims 6 to 8 offer further simplifications in hook control and allow easy replacement of defective parts. ( Figs. 21 to 23)

With the training according to claim 9, it is possible to quickly and individually easy to exchange and adapt to different stitches educational process.  

The configurations according to claim 10 are suitable for warp knitting machines, in which the function of the needle cylinder "needle guide" and "eject" Slats can be taken over.

Embodiments of the inventions are explained with reference to FIGS. 1 to 32. Show it:

Fig. 1 shows the slightly enlarged partial elevational section of the upper part of a needle cylinder or -Bettes,

Fig. 2 shows an embodiment of the needle 1 on the same scale,

FIGS. 3a and b in the same scale, the elevation and top view illustration of the insertable into a needle channel functional element,

FIG. 4a and b the partial side section and a plan view of the control path in the needle cam,

Fig. 5, the interaction of the transfer hook with the needle in about 10x magnification,

Fig. 6 shows the embodiment of a needle 1, such as in natural size,

Fig. 7, the bearing part for the transfer hook,

Fig. 8 shows another embodiment of the bearing for the transfer hook,

Fig. 9 to 12 the course of knitting,

Fig. 13 to 20, another embodiment for forming stitches,

Fig. 21 to 25 further versions of the transfer hook and its control and

Fig. 26 to 32 are schematic diagrams showing the application in warp knitting machines.

Referring to FIG. 1 of a needle cylinder 1, a channel incorporated in the upper part and below addition Be moved laterally contactors (1 b) in which the webs 6 are used for guiding the shank of the needles 1. The height of the webs 6 projecting over the cylinder circumference corresponds to the distance to the inner surfaces of the needle lock, in which the needle feet 4 ( FIG. 2) engage. The height of the webs 6 is identical to the elevation 5 of the needle 1 , which is moved past the lock. In the upper flat surface of the needle cylinder 1 a, a recess 7 is provided as a space for stitch formation, in which the distance between the inner vertical edges 8 and the needle base is a functional measure and forms a throw-off edge 1 c. The transverse groove 9 in the outer upper region of the needle cylinder 1 a serves to receive a nose 18 of the functional element 11 for the lever 12 ( FIG. 3).

In FIG. 2, 1, the needle has a needle butt. 4 It goes over the elevation 5 into a flat spring part 3 , which is separated from the needle base for functional reasons and finally opens into the needle hook 2 . For functional reasons, the needle hook 2 has the full needle size. The distance from the lower edge of the needle 1 to the upper edge of the flat spring 3 is a functional measure and corresponds to the distance from the channel base to the vertical edge 8 of FIG. 1.

According to FIG. 3, a lever 12 is provided which has the transfer hook 10 on one end and a control head 16 on the other. The pivotable lever 12 is received in a functional element 11 , FIG. 3a shows it in a top view, which in turn can be inserted into a needle channel ( FIG. 5). An extension 13 similar to a tongue shaft on the lever 12 is seated in a slot 14 of the functional element 11 , whereby, like in the case of needles, pin halves 15 can be pressed into the hole of the lever from both side cheeks. In the function element 11, the notched tab 18 projects from a side surface fixed in the lateral groove 9, the functional element 11 in the needle track.

In Fig. 4a the partial side section and in Fig. 4b the top view of the recesses in the needle lock 19 can be seen, which forms the control path 20 (in the concentric position, ie without actuating the transfer hook 10 ) and which is attached to the upper part of the needle lock 19 is. Since there is a deviation from the straight guidance only at one point of the control track 20 , an easily produced separate insert part 21 could be used.

In FIG. 5, in the transfer position a suture loop from the needle hook 2, the head of the needle hook 2 contacts the transfer hook 10 of the transfer hook 10. The needle hook 2 was previously moved with the help of the vertical control path 20 a over the plane formed by the lateral vertical edges 8 of the recess 7 , whereby the loop ( Fig. 11) is pushed into the transfer hook 10 . Furthermore, the functional element 11 lies with its side 17 facing the needle cylinder 1 a with a slight inclination on the likewise slightly inclined flat spring 3 . This movement is achieved on the one hand by the nose 18 illustrated in FIG. 3 in the transverse groove 9 and by the attachment 22 provided on the functional element 11 , which can slide on the control track 22 a. The control tracks 20 a and 22 a cause the transverse movement of the lever 12 and thus the transfer hook 10 . The needle hook 2 can, as indicated, have a small recess 23 into which the transfer hook 10 , which is somewhat tapered at the front, engages.

In Fig. 6 the needle 1 is designed at the level of the shaft below the flat spring 3 so that the bearing part 24 ( Fig. 7) can be used above. Both together have the same height as the webs 6 of FIG. 1 protruding from the needle cylinder 1 a.

Fig. 7 shows the bearing part 24 having a lower stem 18 a notched lateral nose 18 for fixing in longitudinal direction in the transverse groove 9 (FIG. 1) is disposed in this embodiment in the guide webs 6. The upper part of the bearing part 24 merges into a flat spring 25 , which is preloaded outwards and shaped to form the bearing point 26 for the transfer lever 12 .

In FIG. 8, for another embodiment, instead of the functional element 11 in FIG. 5, a nose-shaped molded part 26 with a recess 26 a is provided for mounting the lever 12 , into which a projection 26 b of the lever 12 engages. The flat spring 25 of the bearing part 24 presses the control button 16 against the vertical limit acting as a control path 20 in the needle lock 19 , while the pivoting movement of the lever 12 is directed by two horizontal limits acting as further horizontal control paths 20 b and 20 c. These control tracks, here 20 b and 20 c, are sometimes very easy to implement by producing separate molded parts and attaching them to the needle lock. After removing the molded parts, the relatively small elements are easily accessible and easily exchangeable.

FIGS. 9 to 12 show in the same scale, the most important phases of the stitch forming.

In Fig. 9, the first phase is shown a stitch last formed. There are the needle 1 in the expulsion position, in which a new thread is inserted into the hook 2 , and the transfer hook 10 in the basic position.

In Fig. 10 the needle 1 is retracted to the wedge position. The pivoted-out transfer hook 10 has released the previous stitch, which slides over the needle head 2 under the effect of the deduction.

In Fig. 11, the needle 1 is slightly moved upward to release the tension of the yarn in the hook 2, and again swung-transfer hook 10 has moved the hook 2 to the fundamental channel, the suture loop so that due to the lateral vertical edge 8 in the transfer hook 10 is displaced has been.

In FIG. 12, the transfer hook 10 has moved back into its basic position. The thread loop has become a new stitch. The needle 1 can push up again and assume the position as in FIG. 9.

With the sequence according to FIGS. 1 to 12, it is possible, with the same transfer hook control, to carry out the functions “non-knitting” and “catching” only with different needle movements.

In the example shown in FIG. 13 for use in another stitch formation method, the transfer hook 10 is in the basic position. The lever 12 is guided analogously to the manner shown in FIG. 8, but in a kinematic reversal, ie the recess 28 is in the lever 12 and the counterpart is attached to the bearing point 26 as a nose 29 . The one explained in FIG. 7 is provided as the bearing part 24 . 3, however, in the substantial deviation from the illustration in FIG. 8, the resilient portion of the needle 1 has a slot 27, can penetrate into the transfer hooks 10. The transfer hook 10 fetches the last stitch in each case with the needle 1 pushed forwards (ie upwards) from the slot 27 of the flat spring 3 . FIG. 13a shows the top view of the corresponding portion of the needle 1 with the contactor 27th

In this embodiment, the transfer hook 10 cannot have the full needle size in the engagement area of the flat spring 3 . With fine needles, it is therefore advantageous to widen the needle 1 somewhat in the area of the slot 27 in order to be able to use a transfer hook 10 that is as stable as possible.

Fig. 14 shows the immersion motion of the transfer hook 10 in the needle slot 27. The flat spring 3 is offset somewhat from the base of the needle in order to allow evasion if a fault prevents or hinders the pivoting of the transfer hook 10 into the slot 27 . Due to the bias of the flat spring 25 , the control button 16 of the lever 12 is pressed against the vertical control track 20 a, ie the pivoting in and out of the transfer hook 10 in the slot 27 of the needle 1 is effected by the control tracks 20 a and 20 b.

The Figs. 15 to 20 show the knitting in the process with use of a needle with a slit. In contrast to the method described in FIGS. 1 to 8, the old stitch is gripped by the transfer hook 10 in the driven position of the needle.

Fig. 21 shows a further embodiment for the control of the transfer hook 10. It is located here on a rocker element 30 inserted over the shaft of the needle 1 , which has a foot 31 for the movement in the longitudinal direction and elevations 32 for the transverse movement of both ends, which alternately emerge from the web height and from the profile elevations in the needle lock, not shown 19 can be moved reciprocally. The stitch formation thus corresponds to that illustrated in FIGS. 15 to 20, only that instead of the pivoting movement there is a longitudinal movement of the transfer hook 10 .

Fig. 22 shows a particularly advantageous solution for the motion of the transfer hook 10, with both its longitudinal and its transverse movement with a single control point is possible. Serves a hairpin-shaped bent pusher 34 which dips under spring action into the needle slot 27 and disposed through a back side of the transfer hook 10, downward (or upward) facing and over a control path 20 b to 20 d (Fig. 24 and 25) in the needle cam 19 guided tooth 35 is controlled.

The FIG. 23 shows an advantageous design of the stitch-forming parts. Here, the slide 37 goes from a fixed part which can be moved over the needle shaft to a resilient part, at the end of which the control cam 36 points in the opposite direction of the transfer hook 10 . With this arrangement, the stitch is transferred to the transfer hook 10 in the culvert position of the needle hook 1 . Instead of the pivoting movement of the hook 10 to devalue the old stitch, there is a longitudinal movement, while the transverse movement is carried out analogously to FIG. 8. Longitudinal and transverse movement can be carried out at the same point using a small control cam 36 .

Fig. 24 shows the upper part with the nose 35 (Fig. 22) of the spring pusher 34 to its basic position with retracted transfer hook 10. The resilient advance and the forced return of the transfer hook 10 is advantageous in the event that there is an obstacle to the forward movement of the transfer hook 10 . The control tooth 35 ( FIG. 25) can stand out from the control path 20 d which counteracts the spring tension. Thus, without changing the control for the transfer hook 10 , as in the case of latch needles, all basic functions, that is to say "non-knitting", "knitting" and "catching", are made possible solely via the needle output.

Fig. 25 shows the "non-knitting" function. The needle 1 is here in the basic position and does not take a new thread. The transfer hook 10 hits the needle hook 2 during the forward movement and cannot pull the old stitch out of the needle 1 and devalue it. With the "catch" function, needle 1 is not fully advanced, but almost a new thread. However, the transfer hook 10 cannot dip into the slot 27 and lift the old stitch out of the stitch because it is too deep. The dashed lines indicate the downward movement of the transfer hook 10 causing horizontal control tracks 20 b and 20 c.

The examples described are applications for high-performance circular knitting machines. The stitch formation described can also be realized in a ribbed disk (not shown) arranged perpendicular to the lock cylinder 1 a in order to produce double-faced knitwear. Fundamentally, other meshes, e.g. B. in flat knitting machines or left-left machines. The method described first could also be used advantageously for warp knitting and weft knitting machines. Slider needles have prevailed there, but they have the disadvantages described for fine pitches.

Figs. 26 to 32 are schematic diagrams for the application of the invention in these machines. There the stitch-forming elements, i.e. needles and transfer hooks, are clamped in so-called bars. They are not moved individually, but in rows. The Fig. 26 is a side view of a needle bar 40, adjacent the individual needles 1 in dependent on the fineness of the knitted fabric pitches are arranged in accordance with a predetermined production width and are pressed by means of clamps 41 to the channel base. The needle bar 40 is fastened on a bar carrier 42 , which can be moved in small strokes by machine control. The stitch formation according to FIGS. 1 to 12 is also suitable for these machines. Instead of the needle cylinder 1 a used there, as shown in FIG. 27 in an enlarged partial top view, there is a comb 43 with lamellae 44 , which are also clamped in a bar. The slats 44 take over the lateral guidance of the stitch formation elements (needles and transfer hooks) and limit the space 7 for the thread loops, which is delimited on the fabric side by the vertical sliding edges 8 , as is also shown in FIG. 28 in an enlarged side view.

The stitching takes place in the following phase representations: In FIG. 29, the needle bar with the needles 2 is in the upper position. A new thread, shown as a bow, was then introduced into the needle hooks 2 and kneaded in a known manner by means of sinkers, while the transfer hooks 10 hold the old stitches. According to FIG. 30, the bar for the transfer hook 10 can also be arranged at right angles to the needle bar.

In Fig. 31, the transfer hooks 10 are in the upper position and release the old stitch row for throwing. The needle hooks 2 are in the lower position and form the loops.

In Fig. 32, the needles relieve the tension of the loops in the needle hook 2 by a small forward movement of the needle bar, while the transfer hooks 10 are in the lower position and have pushed the needle hooks 2 back so that the needle hooks 2 have come behind the vertical edge 8 and have pushed the loops into the area of the transfer hook 10 . The bar for the transfer hook 10 has performed a small longitudinal and transverse movement. The transverse movement for loop transmission could possibly also be taken over by the comb 43 ( FIG. 27), so that the movement sequence of all elements can be simplified.

Claims (10)

1. Device for machine stitch formation with at least one continuous thread, in which the thread is moved by means of the hook part of a knitting or knitting needle through the previously formed stitch as a loop and forms a new stitch, characterized in that the walls of a needle channel each have an upwardly open recess ( 7 ), which form a vertical sliding edge ( 8 ), and the knitting or knitting needle ( 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 ) is mounted and formed in the needle channel in such a way that it can be extended in the longitudinal direction - And in the vertical direction movable transfer hook ( 10 ) on the center-side vertical edges ( 8 ) of the recess ( 7 ) can be moved back. ( Fig. 1 to 12). 2. Device according to the preamble of claim 1, characterized in that the knitting or knitting needle ( 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 ) below the hook ( 2 ) has a slot ( 27 ), in which a horizontal and in Movable downward transfer hook ( 10 ) can be penetrated in the vertical direction ( FIGS. 13 to 20). 3. Apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the transfer hook ( 10 ) forms the end of a displaceable lever ( 12 ) whose other end is designed as a control button ( 16 ) ( Fig. 3, 5). 4. The device according to claim 3, characterized in that the lever ( 12 ) is mounted in a movably mounted functional element ( 11 ), the control button ( 16 ) in a control path ( 20 ) of the needle lock ( 19 ) and guided on the functional element ( 11 ) Approach ( 22 ) is provided with an arcuate surface which is slidable on a control track 22 a provided on the lock part ( 19 ) ( FIG. 5). 5. Device according to one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that the bearing for the lever ( 12 ) consists of a recess ( 26 a) and a projection corresponding to it ( 26 b), which in a nose-like molded part ( 26 ) or on the lever ( Fig. 8) or vice versa ( Fig. 13, 14) that the molded part ( 26 ) is connected via a flat spring ( 25 ) to a bearing part ( 24 ) which is in a side wall of the needle channels of the needle cylinder ( 1 a) is guided over a nose ( 18 ) engaging in a transverse groove ( 9 ) and that the lever can be controlled via several control tracks ( 20 a, b, c, d). ( Fig. 6, 7, 8). 6. The device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the transfer hook ( 10 ) at the upper end of a vertically displaceable and above the shaft formed from the needle foot 4 and the elevation 5 of the needle ( 1 ) insertable rocker element ( 31 , 32nd , 33 ) is arranged, the tilting movement of which is effected by control cams ( 32 ) at the end and the vertical movement of which is effected by a centrally arranged control tooth ( 31 ) which allows the tilting. ( Fig. 21). 7. The device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the transfer hook 10 is arranged at the upper end of a vertically displaceable and above the shaft of the needle formed from the needle foot 4 and the elevation 5 of the needle ( 1 ) hairpin-shaped spring slide ( 34 ) which has a control tooth ( 38 ) facing away from the transfer hook ( 10 ) and pointing downward. ( Fig. 22). 8. The device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the transfer hook ( 10 ) at the upper end of a vertically displaceable and above the shaft formed from the needle foot 4 and the elevation 5 of the needle ( 1 ) insertable slide ( 37 ) is arranged, which has a control cam ( 36 ) facing away from the transfer hook ( 10 ). ( Fig. 23). 9. Device according to one of claims 2 to 8, characterized in that the control tracks ( 20 a to 20 d) provided for moving the transfer hook ( 10 ) are all or partially effected by profiled molded parts which can be connected to the needle lock 19 . 10. Device according to one of claims 2 to 9, characterized in that the stitch-forming elements (needles ( 1 ) and corresponding transfer hooks ( 10 )) and a comb assigned per unit ( 43 ) with lamellae ( 44 ) each in bars ( 40 ) are clamped and that the bar supports are movable in rows.