EP1368520B1 - Device for machine knitting - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a device for machine stitching with at least one continuous thread, in which the thread by means of the hook portion of a knitting needle or knitting needle is respectively moved through the loop previously formed as a loop and forms a new loop in which the knitting needle or knitting needle below the needle hook has a slot into which a vertically movable downwardly movable transfer hook is penetrated.

In all stitching methods used so far, the stitch formed last is held by a hook designed as the head of the needle, which is then brought into a point position when the needle is pushed forward. From there, it is brought over a newly caught in the needle hook thread when retracting the needle by means of the switch point over the closed hook and thrown over the Kulierung the new loop about it. The needle hook has thus two tasks: to hold the last stitch and thus the knit formed up to then and to catch a new thread and to make this into a loop.

The use of the stitching apparatus depends critically on being able to ensure the safety when dipping the transfer hook into the slot of the needle breast. It is already an advantage that the needle and the transfer hook have the same shaft thickness, which gives sufficient security for coarser divisions that the transfer hook passes in its return movement in the needle face. At very fine pitches, the lateral play in the needle channels and variations in the lateral straightness of the stitch-forming elements may result in the transfer hook striking the sidewall of the needle slot instead of entering the slot.

In warp knitting machines, this risk is even greater because the stitch formation takes place at a greater distance above the upper edge of the bar, so that deviations in the lateral straightness can increasingly have an effect.

From the DE-AS 26 47 185 For example, a method of machine stitching with at least one continuous thread is known in which the thread is in each case moved through the loop previously formed as a loop and forms a new stitch, which is then held substantially in the plane of the previously formed stitch until the next trapped thread at the beginning of looping in the range of stitching passes.

Furthermore, from the DE 29 50 147 A1 a knitting machine with needles without tongues known in which perpendicular to the needle cylinder axis longer shaft parts are arranged as selection elements in radial slots and can be moved transversely and pivotally to the needles by control means.

From the DE 29 09 963 C2 a method and apparatus for machine stitching is known in which the needles each at the front of the needle shaft widening the abzuwerfende stitch and holding up to the passage of the new thread, as the needle is guided and associated in its longitudinal direction controlled auxiliary part.

In all common knitting methods, a widening process is necessary, which is accomplished by the needle advancing from the neck to the chest. The needle breast also serves to support the tongue or with slide needles for receiving and guiding the slider.

In the known latch needle, the thread has overcome several sliding resistances. First by the rise of the needle breast, then by the backwards opened tongue and finally by the retraction of the needle the rise to the hook and the extension over the tongue spoon. In the case of the needle, it is problematic that the slider must disappear in the needle breast, but in the closed position to cover the hook.

As a result, fine finishes are limited.

The object of the invention is to provide a device for stitching, which allows easy and safe smaller mesh heights than in all previously used methods.

This object is achieved by a machine-meshing device having the features of claim 1.

According to the invention is achieved, apart from the advantages resulting from the solutions of the task that the needle strokes are extremely short and no sliding resistance in the longitudinal movement of the needles occur. The knitted fabric and the associated stitch pattern can be produced much more uniformly.

Furthermore, compact components can be used. As a result, finest finishes are possible. The swinging of the reversed effective transfer hook favors the cast off and the thread inlet in the needle hook. The simpler components lead to a longer service life. All this allows a great economy and keeps the production costs low.

Advantageous developments of the invention are in the dependent claims 2 to 7.

The embodiment according to claim 3 relates to design features of the stitch-forming elements and the controlled inward movement of the transfer hook by a slider mounted on the needle lock.

The embodiment according to claim 4 serves the design and the central guide of the transfer hook.

The developments according to claims 5 to 6 serve the security of mesh detection of the needle breast to the transfer hook. With it, the existing in the textile machines tolerances in the needle guides are made ineffective. These are both in the radial direction, z. B. in circular knitting machines from the needle bottom to the inner surface of the cylinder lock parts, as well as laterally in the needle channels unavoidable and affect the more disadvantageous, the finer the needles are. Thus, both requirements of the tolerance compensation of the needle guide, both in the lateral direction and across are met. Also, the relative movement of the transfer hook to the needle in warp knitting machines is simplified.

The embodiment according to claim 5 also allows the tolerance compensation in the transverse direction of the stitch forming elements. It also offers an alternative to the central guidance of the transfer hook.

The development according to claim 7 simplifies the insertion of new, unconsumed knitting elements in a barre.

Fig. 1 bis 4

die Prinzipdarstellung des Bewegungsablaufes zwischen Nadel und querbeweglichem Transferhaken für kleinste Maschenhöhen,

Fig. 5

eine nicht erfindungsgemäße Ausführung für Rundstrickmaschinen ohne Querbewegung des Transferhakens,

Fig. 6 und 7

die vergrößerte Ansicht der Führungszunge,

Fig. 8

eine nicht erfindungsgemäße Ausführung für Kettenwirkmaschinen ohne Querbewegung des Transferhakens,

Fig. 9 und 10

einen Satz Maschenbildungselemente,

Fig. 11 bis 19

zeigen Darstellungen von nicht erfindungsgemäßen Varianten der Vorrichtung ohne Querbewegung des Transferhakens:

Fig. 11 bis 14

den Verlauf einer Maschenbildung im Teil-Aufrissschnitt durch einen Nadelkanal im Oberteil eines Nadelzylinders mit den nicht erfindungsgemäßen Ausführungen nach Fig. 5 und 8 sowie Fig. 15 bis 17,

Fig. 15

die Lagerung des Transferhakenschaftes innerhalb des mittleren Teils des Nadelschaftes,

Fig. 16

das Transferhakenteil mit im hinteren Teil des Schaftes angeordneten wirknadelähnlichem Federteil,

Fig. 17

eine Anwendung nach Fig. 16 für Kettenwirkmaschinen,

Fig. 18 und 19

den stark vergrösserte Transferhaken mit seitlicher Aufweitung der Masche auf die Nadelstärke,

Fig. 20 bis 28

die Maschenbildung mit einer weiteren Ausführungsform des Transferhakens und

Fig. 29 bis 31

weitere Ausführungsformen des Transferhakenteils.

Embodiments of the invention will be explained with reference to the drawing. Show it :

Fig. 1 to 4

the schematic representation of the movement sequence between needle and transversely movable transfer hook for smallest mesh heights,

Fig. 5

a non-inventive embodiment for circular knitting machines without transverse movement of the transfer hook,

6 and 7

the enlarged view of the guide tongue,

Fig. 8

a non-inventive embodiment for warp knitting machines without transverse movement of the transfer hook,

FIGS. 9 and 10

a set of loop-forming elements,

Fig. 11 to 19

show representations of not inventive variants of the device without transverse movement of the transfer hook:

Fig. 11 to 14

the course of a stitch formation in the partial elevation section through a needle channel in the upper part of a needle cylinder with the embodiments not according to the invention FIGS. 5 and 8 such as 15 to 17 .

Fig. 15

the storage of the transfer hook shaft within the middle part of the needle shaft,

Fig. 16

the Transferhakenteil with arranged in the rear part of the shaft Wirknadelähnlichem spring part,

Fig. 17

an application after Fig. 16 for warp knitting machines,

FIGS. 18 and 19

the greatly enlarged transfer hook with lateral expansion of the stitch on the needle thickness,

Fig. 20 to 28

the stitch formation with a further embodiment of the transfer hook and

Fig. 29 to 31

further embodiments of the transfer hook part.

In the Fig. 1 to 4 the movement sequence of the front region of the stitch-forming elements is shown. The rear version - not visible because of the 10x magnification - corresponds to those in FIGS. 5 and 8 , She lets through the springy Pressing the two stitch forming elements and a transverse movement of the transfer hook in the size arrangement of its projection below the edition level, without special control parts must be provided in the needle lock. Thus eliminating beyond the height of the needle hook 2 breast rise 3 and the projection of the transfer hook against its support surface. The mesh height can be made smaller by this amount.

The Fig. 1 is the basic position. Above the dash-dotted lines indicated tee 7 is the needle hook 2 for receiving a new thread in the Austriebsstellung. The front support surface 43 of the transfer hook shaft 9 is in the recess 41 behind the needle face 3a, so that the transfer hook 10 is located in the needle slot 4 and includes the mesh formed last. The needle hook 1 is aligned with the height of the breast 3a and the transfer hook part 9 is no projection below the support plane. This is an important advantage for the production of the transfer hook part.

In the Fig. 2 has the needle hook 2 moved backwards in the Kulierstellung. In this case, as a result of the upper edge of its front bearing surface 43 of the transfer hook 10, this is guided away from the needle hook and past it by the sliding surface 40.

From the Fig. 3 It can be seen that during the subsequent advancing of the transfer hook its outward position is maintained, in this figure, in addition to the back 45 of the transfer hook 10, a tongue-like recess 46 is provided which serves the central guide of the transfer hook 10 in the wider cylinder channel of the Kulierbereichs. In addition, instead of the recess 41 continuous slot 4 of the needle 1 ( Fig. 1 ) an upwardly open groove or likewise a belt-like bulge 4a be provided, in the Fig. 4 the needle hook was moved forward again in the outward position of the transfer hook.

It is also possible to make the shaft 9 of the transfer hook 10 (without spring part) solid. The outward movement of the transfer hook 10 then takes place through the sliding surface 40, while the inward movement takes place through a small runner 42 provided in the needle lock at a corresponding location, which acts on the shaft 9 in its reverse (FIG. Fig. 1 ).

Fig. 5 shows a non-inventive device in the embodiment for circular knitting machines without transverse movement of the transfer hook 10. The shaft 9 of the transfer hook 10 is guided at full shaft thickness of the needle 1,2,3 in the needle channel. There are two flat contact surfaces 43 of the transfer hook 10 provided on the upper needle edge, between which a small recess (levitation) provides for the defined base, in the extension of the transfer hook 10 is offset by the depth of penetration into the needle breast 3a down. The shaft 9 of the transfer hook 10 has, above its control foot 12, a spring part 6, so that after attaching the needle lock the lock inner surface 8 presses the shaft 9 of the transfer hook 10 against the needle shaft 1 and this against the needle channel bottom. Suffice a small projection of the transfer hook 10 below the shaft support, which ensures that this detected in the slot 4 in the needle breast 3a, the mesh located above it. The provided in the rear of the needle shaft 1 control foot, which is guided in a second castle track is not visible.

In the transfer hook 10, namely on the support surface 43, a tongue 24 is provided. It slides in the slot 4 of the needle face 3a and ensures the central guidance of the transfer hook 10 to the needle 2.

In Fig. 6 the tongue 24 is shown enlarged in the shaft 9 of the transfer hook 10. It is formed by the fact that on the front bearing surface of the shaft 9, two aligned punch 25 (FIG. Fig. 7 ) are set on both sides so that a pea-shaped sector of a circle (tongue 24) is pressed out in the middle when pressed against the underside of the support.

The resultant tongue 24 slides in the needle groove 4 of the needle face 3a and ensures the central guidance of the transfer hook 10 to the needle 2.

The FIG. 8 shows the advantageous application of the non-inventive arrangement according to Fig. 5 for warp knitting machines. There, needles have prevailed. The needles and slide parts are not moved individually, but in rows clamped in so-called bars. For the needles and slide parts a particularly controlled ingot is necessary in each case. Both the needles 1, 2, 3 and the shaft 9 of the transfer hook 10 can be received in just one bar. The clamping claw 15 presses the needles 1, 2, 3 in the rear zone on the channel base 33. There, the channels are offset to the height of the needle shaft 1, while in the front part a sliding surface 16 is provided, under which the spring member 11 of the shaft. 9 the transfer hook 10 allows the required small relative movement of the transfer hook 10 to the needle hook 2. The spring member 11 merges into an outwardly directed projection 21 with a groove 22 into which the control ruler 23 for the relative movement of the needle 2 to the transfer hook 10 engages. It is also a version without spring part 11, ie with solid rear part of the shaft 9 of the transfer hook 10 possible. The precise investment of the transfer hook shank 9 against the needle 1 can then take place by means of a molded on the sliding surface 16, beyond the upper edge of the Spannpratze15 going out (not shown) spring attachment.

The in the FIGS. 5 and 8 illustrated recess on the back below the needle hook 2 can also in the execution of the device according to Fig. 1 to 4 to be appropriate.

The sliding surface 16 may consist of a hardened and polished steel strip, which is additionally provided with a titanium nitride coating.

Ceramic or cermet versions as well as abrasion-resistant plastic surfaces are also possible.

According to FIGS. 9 and 10 form three elements, each consisting of needle 1, 2, 3 and transfer hooks 9, 10, a set that allows the simultaneous insertion of, in the present case, three elements side by side in a bar. The elements are mounted in a foil 44 with punched at exactly the distance corresponding to their working position in the bar. After inserting the elements, the foil 44 is removed and discarded. If required, more than three elements can be combined in one sentence.

When further non-inventive embodiment according to Fig. 11 to 19 The transfer hook 10 has captured the last stitch located on the needle face 3a above the drop edge 7, and a new thread is inserted into the needle hook 2.

The Fig. 12 shows the Kulierstellung of the needle hook 2 with the formed into a new loop thread, while the transfer hook 10 remains in its lower position.

In Fig. 13 the transfer hook 10 has moved upwards. The old mesh was thrown over the needle head, so that in the needle hook 2 a new stitch is created.

In Fig. 14 the needle 1, 2, 3 was driven up again, so that the new stitch reaches the needle face 3a. From this figure, the constructive relationship of the needle hook 2, the needle face 3a and the transfer hook 10 is visible to each other, ie the needle hook 2 is so far down, ie in the side view to the left, as the transfer hook 10 penetrates into the needle face 3a ,

In Fig. 15 It is shown how the shaft 9 of the transfer hook 10 is received in the central region 5 of the needle shaft 1. For this purpose, the shaft of the needle 1 is split there, the lower (left in the side view) section merges into the needle face 3a and the needle hook 2, while the upper (right in the side view) part is formed as a spring member 6. The spring part 6 presses the shaft 9 of the transfer hook 10 without tolerances on the upper edge of the needle shaft 1, so that a small projection of the transfer hook 10 below the shaft support ensures with certainty that it detects the mesh located above it in the groove 4 in the needle face 3a.

According to Fig. 16 the shaft 9 of the transfer hook 10 is guided at full shaft thickness of the needle 1, 2, 3 in the needle channel. Below its control foot 12, the transfer hook 10 has an effective needle-like spring part 11, so that after attaching the needle lock the lock inner surface 8 presses the shaft 9 of the transfer hook 10 against the needle shaft 1 and this against the needle channel bottom. The provided in the rear of the needle shaft 1 control foot, which is guided in a second castle track is not shown.

The FIG. 17 shows the advantageous application of the arrangement according to Fig. 16 for warp knitting machines. There, needles have prevailed. The needles and slide parts are not individually, but in rows - clamped in so-called bars - moves. For the needles and slide parts a particularly controlled ingot is necessary in each case. Both the needles 1, 2, 3 and the transfer hook parts, the shaft 9 can be accommodated in only one bar 14. The clamping claw 15 pushes the needles 1, 2, 3 of the rear zone on the channel bottom, while in the front part a sliding surface 16 is provided, under which the spring portion 11 of the transfer hook parts 9 allows the required small relative movement of the transfer hook 10 to the needle hook 2. For this purpose, the control foot 17, which the transfer hook feet, z. B. includes and controls a Nutenlineal not shown. It is also a version without spring part 11, ie with solid rear shaft of the transfer hook part 9 possible.

The FIGS. 18 and 19 are greatly enlarged views of the transfer hook 10 with the lateral deposits for insertion into the needle groove 4 ( Fig. 15 ). The weakened there zone serves only to detect the mesh, which in further downward movement of the somewhat obliquely to the needle hook 2 formed transfer hook 10 to the indicated tee edge aa (7 in Fig. 11 ). Be stretched beyond the rise curve 18 to the full shaft strength and so can absorb a large tensile stress of the thread.

According to Fig. 20 are in the needle channel in the upper part of the needle cylinder la needles 1 with a not visible in the magnification rear control foot (31 in Fig. 29 ) moves in a known manner with a designated therein lock track in the vertical direction. On the top of the needle is also not visible, fixed in the longitudinal direction in the channel walls bearing part which opens into a flat spring 26 at the top, as the bearing 27 is a nose 29, in which the groove 28 of the lever 13 engages with the transfer hook 10. The flat spring 26 has an outwardly directed bias and pushes the control knob 12 in the top of the lock 19 located cam 20, 20a, 20b ( FIGS. 20 and 22 ) to pivotally move the transfer hook 10 both radially and vertically.

The flat part 5 of the needle 1 located below the needle hook 2 has a slot 4 (FIG. FIGS. 20 to 22 ), in which the transfer hook 10 shown in the basic position can penetrate. The transfer hook 10 fetches the last stitch in front (ie upward) pushed needle 1 from the slot 4 of the flat part. 5 Fig. 21 shows the top view of the corresponding part of the needle 1 with the slot. 4

In this embodiment, the transfer hook 10 in the engagement region of the flat part 5 may not have the full needle thickness. For fine needles, it is therefore advantageous to slightly widen the needle 1 in the region of the slot 4 in order to be able to use a transfer hook 10 which is as stable as possible.

Fig. 22 shows the plunging movement of the transfer hook 10 in the needle slot 4. The flat part 5 is slightly offset from the needle bottom to allow evasion, if a disturbance obstructs or obstructs the pivoting of the transfer hook 10 in the slot 4. Due to the bias of the flat spring 26, the control knob 12 of the lever 13 is pressed against the vertical control track 20a, ie, the input and the swinging of the transfer hook 10 in the slot 4 of the needle 1 is effected by the control tracks 20a and 20b.

The Fig. 23 to 28 show the stitch formation. The old mesh is detected by the transfer hook 10 in the firing position of the needle.

Fig. 29 shows a further embodiment for the control of the transfer hook 10. He is here on an inserted over the shaft of the needle 1 rocking element 30, which has a foot 31 for the movement in the longitudinal direction and for the transverse movement of both ends elevations 32, which emerge mutually and be moved by the profile surveys in the (not shown here) needle lock alternately. The stitch formation thus corresponds to the Fig. 23 to 28 explained, except that instead of the pivoting movement, a longitudinal movement of the transfer hook 10 takes place.

Fig. 30 shows a particularly advantageous solution for the movement of the transfer hook 10, with both its longitudinal and its transverse movement is possible with a single control point. For this purpose, a hairpin-shaped curved slider 34 which acts under spring action in the needle slot 4 (FIG. Fig. 20, 22nd ) and has a rear side of the transfer hook 10 arranged tooth 35 which is controlled in the (not shown) Schlossbahn. In order to be able to carry out the transverse movement of the transfer hook 10, the control track (not shown) must have a cam (not shown) which engages behind the tooth 35.

The Fig. 31 also shows an advantageous design of the mesh-forming parts. Here, the slider 37 passes from a fixed, over the needle shaft displaceable part up in a resilient part, at the end of the control cam 36 points in the opposite direction of the transfer hook 10. Longitudinal and transverse movement can be carried out at the same location on the small control cam 36.

The examples described are applications for high performance circular knitting machines. The described stitching can also be realized in a dial (not shown) arranged perpendicularly to the lock cylinder 1a in order to produce double-faced knitwear.

In principle, with the invention, other meshes, z. B. in flat knitting machines or left-left machines are realized. The method described can also be used advantageously for warp knitting and felting machines. There, needles have prevailed, but at fine pitches have the disadvantages described. There are the mesh-forming elements, ie needles and transfer hooks, clamped in so-called bars in the fineness of the knitted fabric pitches. They are not moved individually, but in rows. The needle bar is mounted on a billet carrier, which is machine-controlled in small strokes movable. The stitch formation after the Fig. 11 to 14 is also suitable for these machines.

Claims (7)

1. Device for stitch-formation by machine with at least one continuous thread, in which the thread is respectively moved through the previously formed stitch as a loop by means of the hook part or a knitting or hosiery needle and forms a new stitch, in which the knitting or hosiery needle (1, 2) has a slot (4) or a groove-like indentation (4a), into which a downwardly directed transfer hook (10) movable in vertical direction can penetrate, characterised in that the transfer hook (10) can penetrate into the slot (4) by means of a simultaneously controllable transverse movement.
2. Device according to claim 1, characterised in that upon the upward movement of the transfer hook (10) relative to the needle hook (2) the front supporting surface (43) of said transfer hook is movable perpendicularly away from the needle hook (2) as a result of a curve or throat (3a) provided on the needle (1) by the depth of the region of the transfer hook (10) engaging into the slot (4) or the groove-like indentation (4a), and that the inward movement of the transfer hook (10) is achieved by a spring action (6, 11) or via the rear solid part of the shaft (9) by means of a spring part projecting beyond the clamping claw (15).
3. Device according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the length of the throat (3a) containing the slot (4) is shorter than the distance between the transfer hook (10) and the upper edge of its supporting surface (43), and that the inward movement of the transfer hook (10) is achieved through a skid (42) provided on the needle lock.
4. Device according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the transfer hook (10) has lateral stepped sections for insertion into the slot (4) in the form of ascent skids (18) leading to the full shaft thickness of the transfer hook part (9) and/or that the shaft (9) of the transfer hook (10) has a latch (24), which can be guided in the extended slot (4) of the knitting or hosiery needle (1, 2) and is formed by a restricted reduction in thickness of the shaft (9) of the outwardly inclined transfer hook (10) that is additionally movable backwards.
5. Device according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterised in that a groove-like indentation (46) is provided on the back (45) of the transfer hook (10) that laterally widens the groove edges beyond the shaft thickness.
6. Device according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterised in that the shaft (9) of the transfer hook (10) or the blade of the needle (1) has a split spring part (6, 11), by means of which the shaft (9) of the transfer hook (10) can be pressed against the needle blade (1), and that a control foot (12) is arranged below or above the split of the spring part (6, 11), or above the split the spring part (11) merges into a shoulder (21) containing a groove (22).
7. Device according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterised by a holding film (44) comprising multiple stitch-forming elements such as a needle (1, 2, 3) and transfer hook (9, 10), for example, and securing these in the position corresponding to the working position.

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