DE10110062A1 - Production of electrical insulation in high voltage device, e.g. transformer, comprises filling space between device components with granular solid insulator, and filling spaces between with gaseous or liquid insulator - Google Patents

Production of electrical insulation in high voltage device, e.g. transformer, comprises filling space between device components with granular solid insulator, and filling spaces between with gaseous or liquid insulator

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Publication number
DE10110062A1
DE10110062A1 DE2001110062 DE10110062A DE10110062A1 DE 10110062 A1 DE10110062 A1 DE 10110062A1 DE 2001110062 DE2001110062 DE 2001110062 DE 10110062 A DE10110062 A DE 10110062A DE 10110062 A1 DE10110062 A1 DE 10110062A1
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DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
insulator
gaseous
liquid
electrical insulation
transformer
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
DE2001110062
Other languages
German (de)
Inventor
Jochen Mast
Thomas Naeger
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ABB Research Ltd Switzerland
Original Assignee
ABB Research Ltd Switzerland
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by ABB Research Ltd Switzerland filed Critical ABB Research Ltd Switzerland
Priority to DE2001110062 priority Critical patent/DE10110062A1/en
Publication of DE10110062A1 publication Critical patent/DE10110062A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
    • H01F27/28—Coils; Windings; Conductive connections
    • H01F27/32—Insulating of coils, windings, or parts thereof
    • H01F27/324—Insulation between coil and core, between different winding sections, around the coil; Other insulation structures
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B19/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing insulators or insulating bodies

Abstract

Production of electrical insulation in a high voltage device comprises filling the space (5) between the device components (1-4) with a granular solid insulator (7); and filling the spaces remaining between the granules with a gaseous or liquid insulator (8). Preferred Features: The solid insulator comprises sand, plastic granules, aluminum oxide powder, ceramic granules or spherical glass. The gaseous insulator comprises sulfur hexafluoride or air. The liquid insulator comprises insulating oils, synthetic organic esters or halogenated polyethers.

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf ein Verfahren zur Herstellung einer elektrischen Isola­ tion in einem Hochspannungsgerät, wobei ein zwischen Gerätekomponenten vor­ handenes Volumen mit einem elektrischen Isoliermittel ausgefüllt wird.The invention relates to a method for producing an electrical isola tion in a high-voltage device, with one between device components before existing volume is filled with an electrical insulation.

Typische Hochspannungsgeräte, in denen solche elektrischen Isolierungen verwen­ det werden, sind Transformatoren, Geräte der Leistungselektronik und unterschiedli­ che Geräte der Hochspannungstechnik.Typical high voltage devices using such electrical insulation det are transformers, devices of power electronics and different high-voltage technology devices.

Es ist bekannt, für solche Isolierzwecke ein Isoliergas, eine Isolierflüssigkeit, oder einen festen Isolierstoff, auch weich oder hart aushärtende Vergußmaterialien zu verwenden.It is known for such insulating purposes an insulating gas, an insulating liquid, or a solid insulating material, also soft or hard-curing potting materials use.

Nachteile einer Gas-Isolation sind oftmals zu geringe dielektrische Festigkeit, die er­ höhten Dichtigkeitsanforderungen an Gehäuse bei Schutzgas, der Verlust der ge­ samten Isolationsfähigkeit bei Leckage, und schlechte Umweltverträglichkeit bei Schutzgas.Disadvantages of gas insulation are often insufficient dielectric strength, which he high tightness requirements for housing with protective gas, the loss of ge entire insulation ability in the event of leakage, and poor environmental compatibility Protective gas.

Nachteile einer Flüssigkeits-Isolation sind in der Regel schlechte Umweltverträglich­ keit, erhöhte Dichtigkeitsanforderungen an Gehäuse, und Verlust der gesamten Iso­ lationsfähigkeit bei Leckage. Umweltfreundliche Isolationsflüssigkeiten sind sehr ko­ stenintensiv, außerdem muß die thermische Ausdehnung der Flüssigkeit durch Aus­ gleichsvolumen kompensiert werden, die Kosten verursachen. Disadvantages of liquid insulation are usually poor environmental compatibility ability, increased tightness requirements for the housing, and loss of the entire insulation Ability to leak leakage. Environmentally friendly insulation fluids are very expensive intensely, in addition, the thermal expansion of the liquid must equal volume can be compensated, which cause costs.  

Die Verwendung einer Feststoff-Isolation bedeutet, daß z. B. bei Elektronikbaugrup­ pen praktisch keine Reparaturfähigkeit gegeben ist, und die Stoffe nur eine mäßige Wärmeleitfähigkeit haben. Unterschiedliche Wärmeausdehnungskoeffizienten von Isoliermaterial und Gerätekomponenten führen zu einer Isolationsablösung und damit zur Teilentladung. Es kann hoher mechanischer Stress entstehen, wodurch speziell bei Transformatorverguß die Gefahr eines Kernbruchs besteht.The use of solid insulation means that e.g. B. at electronics assembly There is practically no repairability, and the materials are only moderate Have thermal conductivity. Different coefficients of thermal expansion of Insulation material and device components lead to insulation separation and thus for partial discharge. It can create high mechanical stress, which makes it special there is a risk of core breakage if the transformer is potted.

Der Erfindung liegt davon ausgehend die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Verfahren zur Her­ stellung einer elektrischen Isolierung anzugeben, mit dem die vorgenannten Nach­ teile vermieden, und insbesondere die einzusetzenden Mengen an teueren und/oder umweltschädlichen flüssigen oder gasförmigen Isolierstoffen reduziert werden.Proceeding from this, the invention is based on the object of a method for producing position to provide electrical insulation with which the aforementioned After parts avoided, and in particular the amounts of expensive and / or environmentally harmful liquid or gaseous insulating materials can be reduced.

Diese Aufgabe wird durch ein Verfahren zur Herstellung einer elektrischen Isolation in einem Hochspannungsgerät gelöst, das die im Anspruch 1 angegebenen Merk­ male aufweist. Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen sind in weiteren Ansprüchen angege­ ben.This task is accomplished by a method of manufacturing electrical insulation solved in a high voltage device that the specified in claim 1 Merk male has. Advantageous refinements are specified in further claims ben.

Mit der Erfindung wird demnach im wesentlichen vorgeschlagen, das zu isolierende Volumen zunächst durch einen kornförmigen und festen Isolierstoff aufzufüllen, und das verbleibende vergleichsweise geringe Volumen anschließend durch einen flüssi­ gen oder gasförmigen Isolierstoff auszufüllen. Es können dabei Stoffe mit vorteilhaf­ ten Eigenschaften, insbesondere kostengünstige und umweltneutrale Stoffe, und mit für den jeweiligen Einsatzzweck geeigneten physikalischen Eigenschaften gewählt werden.The invention therefore essentially proposes that to be isolated First fill the volume with a granular and solid insulating material, and the remaining comparatively small volume is then replaced by a liquid or gaseous insulating material. It can substances with advantageous properties, especially inexpensive and environmentally neutral substances, and with suitable physical properties selected for the respective application become.

Besondere Vorteile sind dadurch gegeben, daß nur geringe Mengen an flüssigem oder gasförmigem Isolierstoff erforderlich sind. Bei Gehäuseleckagen ist die mögli­ cherweise austretende Menge an flüssigem Isolierstoff durch die Bindewirkung des kornförmigen Feststoffes äußerst gering. Volumenausgleich ist kaum oder nicht er­ forderlich, da geeignete Feststoffe einen deutlich geringeren Wärmeausdehnungs­ koeffizienten als geeignete Flüssigkeiten besitzen. Es bestehen gute Möglichkeiten zur Reparatur bzw. Fehler-/Ausfalldiagnose. Particular advantages are given by the fact that only small amounts of liquid or gaseous insulating material are required. In case of housing leakage, this is possible Leaking amount of liquid insulating material due to the binding effect of the granular solid extremely low. Volume compensation is hardly or not at all required because suitable solids have a significantly lower thermal expansion have coefficients as suitable liquids. There are good options for repair or fault / failure diagnosis.  

Bei gasförmiger Isolierstoffkomponente lassen sich die dielektrischen Eigenschaften noch verbessern, indem ein Gasdruck erzeugt und gehalten wird. Dabei ist die unter Druck gespeicherte Energie gering, da das Gasvolumen gering ist, wodurch das Ex­ plosionsrisiko im Vergleich zu konventioneller Gas-Isolierung vermindert ist.The dielectric properties of gaseous insulating material components can be improve even more by generating and maintaining gas pressure. The is below Pressure stored energy is low because the gas volume is small, which means that the Ex risk of explosion is reduced compared to conventional gas insulation.

Eine weitere Beschreibung der Erfindung und deren Vorteile erfolgt nachstehend an­ hand eines in der Zeichnungsfigur 1 dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiels.A further description of the invention and its advantages follows below hand of an embodiment shown in the drawing figure 1.

Fig. 1 zeigt in einer Prinzipdarstellung einen Schnitt durch einen Hochspannungs- Transformator. Dabei ist innerhalb eines Gehäuses 1 ein Transformatorkern 4 ange­ ordnet, wobei ein Schnitt durch zwei Schenkel des Kerns 4 zu erkennen ist. Der Kern 4 ist von einer Primärwicklung 3 umgeben, diese wiederum beabstandet von einer Sekundärwicklung 2. Zur Herstellung einer elektrischen Isolation ist das zwischen diesen Gerätekomponenten 1, 2, 3, 4 bestehende Volumen 5 mit einem Isoliermittel 6 ausgefüllt. Dazu ist zunächst durch einen ersten Herstellschritt ein kornförmiger Feststoff-Isolator 7 eingefüllt, der beispielsweise Sand (SiO2), Kunststoffgranulat, Aluminiumoxidpulver, Keramikgranulat, oder Glas, vorzugsweise kugelförmigem Glas, sein kann. Die geeignete Korngröße kann empirisch ermittelt werden, kann beispielsweise abhängig von den geometrischen Verhältnissen, also angepaßt an die Größe von Abständen zwischen Komponenten gewählt werden. Durch einen zweiten Schritt ist z. B. eine Isolier-Flüssigkeit 8 eingefüllt, die das geringe Restvolumen zwi­ schen den Feststoff-Körnern 7 ausfüllt. Dafür sind z. B. Isolieröle geeignet, syntheti­ sche organische Ester, oder halogenierte Polyether. Fig. 1 shows a schematic diagram of a section through a high-voltage transformer. Here, a transformer core 4 is arranged within a housing 1 , a section through two legs of the core 4 being recognizable. The core 4 is surrounded by a primary winding 3 , which in turn is spaced apart from a secondary winding 2 . In order to produce electrical insulation, the volume 5 existing between these device components 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 is filled with an insulating agent 6 . For this purpose, a granular solid insulator 7 is first filled through a first manufacturing step, which can be, for example, sand (SiO 2 ), plastic granules, aluminum oxide powder, ceramic granules, or glass, preferably spherical glass. The suitable grain size can be determined empirically, for example depending on the geometric conditions, that is to say adapted to the size of the distances between components. By a second step z. B. filled an insulating liquid 8 , which fills the small residual volume between the solid grains 7 . For this, e.g. B. insulating oils suitable, synthetic cal esters, or halogenated polyethers.

Anstelle einer Flüssigkeit kann auch ein Gas, z. B. SF6-Gas eingefüllt werden, auch unter Druck. Auch Luft kann als Isoliermittel-Komponente geeignet sein.Instead of a liquid, a gas, e.g. B. SF 6 gas can be filled, even under pressure. Air can also be suitable as an insulating component.

Claims (5)

1. Verfahren zur Herstellung einer elektrischen Isolation in einem Hochspan­ nungsgerät, wobei ein zwischen Gerätekomponenten (1, 2, 3, 4) vorhandenes Volu­ men (5) mit einem elektrischen Isoliermittel (6) ausgefüllt wird, und wobei
  • a) in einem ersten Schritt das Volumen (5) mit einem kornförmigen Feststoff-Isolator (7) ausgefüllt wird, und,
  • b) in einem zweiten Schritt das dabei zwischen den Körnern des Feststoff-Isolators (7) verbleibende Volumen mit einem gasförmigen oder flüssigen Isolator (8) ge­ füllt wird.
1. A method for producing electrical insulation in a high-voltage device, wherein an existing between device components ( 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 ) existing volume ( 5 ) with an electrical insulating means ( 6 ) is filled, and wherein
  • a) in a first step the volume ( 5 ) is filled with a granular solid insulator ( 7 ), and,
  • b) in a second step, the volume remaining between the grains of the solid insulator ( 7 ) is filled with a gaseous or liquid insulator ( 8 ).
2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Feststoff- Isolator (7) ausgewählt wird aus Sand (= SiO2), Kunststoffgranulat, Aluminiu­ moxidpulver, Keramikgranulat, oder Glas, vorzugsweise kugelförmigem Glas.2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the solid insulator ( 7 ) is selected from sand (= SiO 2 ), plastic granules, aluminum oxide powder, ceramic granules, or glass, preferably spherical glass. 3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der flüs­ sige Isolator (8) ausgewählt wird aus Isolierölen, synthetischen organischen Estern, oder halogeniertem Polyether.3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the liquid insulator ( 8 ) is selected from insulating oils, synthetic organic esters, or halogenated polyether. 4. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der gas­ förmige Isolator (8) ausgewählt wird aus Schwefelhexafluorid oder Luft.4. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the gaseous insulator ( 8 ) is selected from sulfur hexafluoride or air. 5. Verfahren nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeich­ net, daß es verwendet wird zur Isolierung eines Transformators, insbesondere eines Mittelfrequenztransformators.5. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized net that it is used to isolate a transformer, especially one Medium-frequency transformer.
DE2001110062 2001-03-02 2001-03-02 Production of electrical insulation in high voltage device, e.g. transformer, comprises filling space between device components with granular solid insulator, and filling spaces between with gaseous or liquid insulator Withdrawn DE10110062A1 (en)

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DE2001110062 DE10110062A1 (en) 2001-03-02 2001-03-02 Production of electrical insulation in high voltage device, e.g. transformer, comprises filling space between device components with granular solid insulator, and filling spaces between with gaseous or liquid insulator

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DE2001110062 DE10110062A1 (en) 2001-03-02 2001-03-02 Production of electrical insulation in high voltage device, e.g. transformer, comprises filling space between device components with granular solid insulator, and filling spaces between with gaseous or liquid insulator

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AT515697A4 (en) * 2014-07-14 2015-11-15 Josef Mikl GROUND CABLE
EP3544032A1 (en) * 2018-03-19 2019-09-25 ABB Schweiz AG Electrical device with gel composite insulation

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE432810C (en) * 1924-07-03 1926-08-11 Koch & Sterzel A G Electrical apparatus based on induction effects, in particular current transformers, with the induction coils embedded in solid mineral insulating material
GB328656A (en) * 1927-12-13 1930-05-01 Condit Electrical Mfg Corp Improvements in or relating to electric high tension systems
US4118861A (en) * 1976-02-06 1978-10-10 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Removable encapsulant for protection of electronic equipment
DE2740255A1 (en) * 1977-09-07 1979-03-15 Standard Elektrik Lorenz Ag Mfr. of electric parts sealed into casting resin filled with sand - by charging matrix and filler separately to the mould to stabilise viscosity and prevent cavity formation
DE3843807A1 (en) * 1988-12-24 1990-07-12 Lahmeyer Ag Fuer Energiewirtsc Self-cooled high-voltage transformer
DE4336749A1 (en) * 1993-10-28 1995-05-04 Draegerwerk Ag Potting compound for an electrical assembly

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE432810C (en) * 1924-07-03 1926-08-11 Koch & Sterzel A G Electrical apparatus based on induction effects, in particular current transformers, with the induction coils embedded in solid mineral insulating material
GB328656A (en) * 1927-12-13 1930-05-01 Condit Electrical Mfg Corp Improvements in or relating to electric high tension systems
US4118861A (en) * 1976-02-06 1978-10-10 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Removable encapsulant for protection of electronic equipment
DE2740255A1 (en) * 1977-09-07 1979-03-15 Standard Elektrik Lorenz Ag Mfr. of electric parts sealed into casting resin filled with sand - by charging matrix and filler separately to the mould to stabilise viscosity and prevent cavity formation
DE3843807A1 (en) * 1988-12-24 1990-07-12 Lahmeyer Ag Fuer Energiewirtsc Self-cooled high-voltage transformer
DE3843807C2 (en) * 1988-12-24 1990-10-11 Lahmeyer Ag Fuer Energiewirtschaft, 6000 Frankfurt, De
DE4336749A1 (en) * 1993-10-28 1995-05-04 Draegerwerk Ag Potting compound for an electrical assembly

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
OBURGER,W.: Die Isolierstoffe der Elektrotech- nik. Springer Verlag, Wien,1957,5.Aufl.,S.141- S.162 *

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AT515697A4 (en) * 2014-07-14 2015-11-15 Josef Mikl GROUND CABLE
AT515697B1 (en) * 2014-07-14 2015-11-15 Josef Mikl GROUND CABLE
EP3544032A1 (en) * 2018-03-19 2019-09-25 ABB Schweiz AG Electrical device with gel composite insulation

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