DE10057735A1 - Storage and retrieval system for items in containers in multiple parallel racks has loading vehicle travelling in lane between, and selection vehicles running outside each pair of racks - Google Patents

Abstract

One pair of storage racks (60,62) has an elevating vehicle (56) travelling in a lane (70) between them for loading pallets or containers which may be selected and picked by vehicles (10) running in paths (72) between pairs of racks. The system is controlled by a computer control unit.

Description

The invention relates to a system for picking on removal pallets or items in special containers in rack storage.

The object of the invention is essentially such a system to create that primarily through high flexibility and great effectiveness characterized by optimized ergonomics.

This task is essentially solved by a system of the type mentioned at the outset

• - A plurality of parallel rows of shelves for storing and buffering Units for receiving the articles,
• - Between the rows of shelves alternately formed storage aisles and Pick lanes,
• - At least one storage vehicle in each storage aisle Recording at least one unit is formed and along each Storage aisle for storing the units on the pallet shelves is movable,
• - At least one picker vehicle that pecks in each picking lane articles to be picked along one of the two opposite pick fronts forming the pick alley can be moved,
• - Buffer places in the picking lanes between the travels of the picker movable along the two opposite pick fronts Vehicles are arranged for buffering and / or for Transfer of the units to be picked from a picker Vehicle on one side of the pick alley to a picker vehicle on the other side of the pick alley and
• - A system control with a control computer.

Said storage or replenishment vehicle is preferably also used the transport of the units from pick alley to pick alley.

In a preferred development of the invention it is provided that in the rack hen at least one buffer track is designed to transfer the order pallets from a picker vehicle to a storage vehicle and from there possibly to a picker vehicle of the neighboring picking lane, and / or for handing over a range of orders from a storage vehicle to a picker Vehicle. There is also the possibility that between the pallet racks there is only one picking lane. The transfer and buffers described above places are then on the pallet shelves.

The system according to the invention allows u. a. a one-step picking directly onto the shipping load, the pallet, with only one handling Level is required. The transport of the order range from the start of the order to the Shipping sorting is done automatically by the picking system u. a. by means of Buffer conveyors. The invention enables the throughput time to be optimized Prioritization of certain order ranges: By the created according to the invention Possibility of transferring the order pallet between the picker vehicles a picking lane over the buffer areas and because of the possibility the transfer of the order pallets from one picking lane to a neighboring one Pick alley over the buffer lanes in the pallet racks as well as that assigned storage vehicle can order pallets in the run overtake. This allows orders to be processed with priority and independently on the number of order pallets already started in the system be passed through the facility as quickly as possible. Beyond that it is possible, by means of the buffer places provided according to the invention, the utilization control fluctuations in order pickers.

The system according to the invention is particularly suitable for order picking of pallet racks on articles stored on pallets. However, the system is too Can be used advantageously for picking smaller objects that are in  special storage containers or small load carriers KLT or in boxes are included. These storage containers can either be in specific, the Dimensions of the storage containers adapted storage channels or by means of mobile Position channel inserts, which are used in the pallet channels, in one Pallet rack can be integrated. It is also possible to have a separate shelf module To be provided exclusively for picking storage containers is trained. The additional provision of storage space in the storage containers in addition to the pallet spaces enables efficient storage and Picking even smaller items and slow-moving items. Through the Storage containers or small load carriers will reduce the pick front and so that the picking path is reached. This enables due to the shorter travel times higher picking performance and shorter order throughput times.

In a preferred development of the invention it is provided that on the pallets shelves designed both static and dynamic picking channels are. The picking channels of the pallet racks are preferably this way trained to use both static and dynamic order picking Channels are usable.

In the sense of the present invention, such com mission channels of the pallet shelves understood that articles with high sales are allocated for picking within the scope of fixed availability places (static listing). In the static channels there are always several, preferred wise two to three pallets of the respective article in a row. Picking is carried out from the front pallet assigned to the pick front Other pallets are available as stock. If the front pallet is empty, the Pallet removed from the order picker and the replenishment pallets roll auto Matically forward via gravity roller conveyors. Through the zero crossing quit order picking will be the provision of a new range from the Supply area initiated.  

"Dynamic channels" in the sense of the present invention are those To understand the picking channels of the pallet racks, in which pallets with Arti dynamic with low sales, d. H. only for current needs, to the pick sioning are set up, which reduces the expansion of the pick front becomes. Certain picking channels are defined for dynamic setup kidney. If the request for picking for a dynamic ar article is present, it is placed on the dynamic space and at the address request for a new item is removed and returned to the storage area deferred.

After at least some, but preferably all picking channels look like this are equipped to act as both static and dynamic commissions kidney channels are available, there is the possibility of continuous reprofiling the item listing. For this purpose, the Erfin is in a preferred further training provided that the system comprises control means to operate on the basis of Past observations and / or forecasts and / or existing orders to determine the optimal item list in the picking channels and in the event of a deviation from this, the size of which can be defined, reor the pick front ganize, d. H. carry out a reprofiling. The interpretation of the picking channels allows an automatic return of a set pallet in the Storage area. If a static article is to be changed, the corresponding pallets from the picking channel. The order picker channel can now be statically or dynamically reassigned. So is a constant re-profiling of the item list during operation without intervention of the staff possible.

Although to store the pallets in the storage area and replenish the Pallets in the picking channels generally also by manual stackers, which can be controlled by radio data transmission is preferred Further development of the invention provides that the storage vehicles as auto Matic control devices are trained.  

In the case of the present invention, the stock and the picking are in a single system, the system according to the invention, integrates what is short Service times guaranteed. Larger amounts of stock may be required in a separate storage area, preferably a pallet high-bay warehouse with a conveyor connection to the system according to the invention his.

The picker vehicles of the system according to the invention take up next to the pallet preferably also on the picker so that the order pallet one finally the picker by means of the picker vehicle successively through the pick fronts are smuggled in which articles for the order range are set up. The pick positions are approached automatically and an automatic one follows Positioning in front of the respective picking channel. This will be waiting times of the picker are reduced and routes of the picker in the picking ent fall. After the order palette is always carried, there are no ways times for the order palette.

In a preferred development of the invention it is provided that the picker drive the order palette and the picker is adjustable in height. Particularly advantageous It is important if the picker vehicle increases the range of orders relative to the picker adjustable.

In a particularly advantageous development of the invention, this can be achieved that a first lifting device with a height-adjustable picker carrier device for the picker and a second lifting device with a height adjustment The pallet carrier is provided for an order pallet, the Picker carrying device and the pallet carrying device relative to the respective Ent take position can be positioned independently of each other in height.

The picker (order picker) located on the picker carrying device can be moved by means of the vehicle in the pick front. The two independently mutually working lifting devices of the vehicle make it possible  because ergonomically most convenient removal and delivery height on the one hand for the Picker carrying device and on the other hand to achieve the pallet carrying device chen. This can stress the picker by bending and lifting as well Carton removal due to suboptimal removal and delivery heights be avoided. By automatically moving to the removal positions there is no need for pickers to pick sidewalks, which leads to a leads to a significant reduction in travel times and the picking process designed more effectively. Due to the preferably provided computer Control of the device also eliminates those times that the picker in forth conventional systems needed to find the next removal position (Orientation to the next subject).

In an advantageous development of the invention, the picker carrying device comprises a Cabin for the picker. It is preferably with a circumferential crash si security for the picker and has a terminal for displaying the pickposi on. It is expedient as an additional safety device Deadman switch provided, which is also used to acknowledge the commission tion can be used.

In a preferred development of the invention, the pallet carrying device has Load handler for picking up and placing an order. The Load suspension device is expediently designed so that a transport of the Order pallet across the direction of travel of the car is made possible.

In a particularly preferred development of the invention, the pallet carrier has direction a sensor device for determining the degree of filling of the order range on, making it possible to adjust the height of the pallet support to the Adjust fill level of the order range.

The picker vehicle in the pick front is similar to a shelf vehicle on rail NEN guided and controlled by the control computer. The vehicle will correspond according to the pick control for the respective removal position before the current one  Removal pallet positioned in the longitudinal direction and, preferably at the same time, both the picker and the order range are optimally positioned in height worked. The picker can then change the amount of Ent Remove the pallet and adjust to the order pallet. The picker The vehicle is then steered to the next relevant removal position or proceed to a transfer point.

In a preferred development of the invention it is provided that the height of the Picker carrying device at the respective removal position based on the rest inventory quantity of the items on the removal pallet is controllable. Still is provided that the height of the pallet support device on the respective Ent take position is controllable on the basis of the filling level of the order palette. On in this way, an ergonomically optimal removal and delivery height of Picker carrying device and pallet carrying device at any time of the com Reaching achieves, which reduces the physical stress on the picker Minimum be reduced; in particular, there is no strain on the spine the picker during the picking process.

In addition, it is advantageously provided that the height of the picker carrier direction and / or the pallet support device at the respective removal position is individually adjustable for each picker, d. that is, the optimal access level can be in the control can be individually tailored to each employee. Furthermore it is expediently provided that the control system Heights can be manually corrected by the picker. In contrast, the driving takes place Control in the aisle direction preferably fully automatic without intervention possible for the picker.

Further advantageous features of the invention result from the remaining sub claims and from the following description in which a preferred Embodiments of the invention are described in more detail with reference to the drawing. The drawings show in a schematic or semi-schematic representation:

Fig. 1 is a plan view of an embodiment of a system according to the invention,

Fig. 2 shows a detail of a vertical section through the system according to Fig. 1,

Fig. 3 is a side view of a picker vehicle as it comes in the inventive system for use,

Fig. 4 is a perspective view of the picker vehicle according to Fig. 3,

Fig. 5a, 5b, 6a, 6b, 7a, 7b, 8a, 8b, 9a, 9b, 10a, 10b, 11a, 11b and 12a, 12b are front views and side views of the picker vehicle under schiedliche level Examples of the picker Represent the carrying device and the pallet carrying device,

Fig. 13 is a plan view of another embodiment of the system according to the Invention, and

FIG. 14 shows a section of a vertical section through the system of FIG. 13.

1st embodiment Pallet picking system

First, reference is made to FIGS. 1 and 2, which show a system for the integrated storage and order picking of pallets.

The system according to the invention comprises a number of parallel shelf rows 60 , 62 , two adjacent shelf rows 60 , 62 each defining a storage aisle 70 and a picking aisle 72 . In the storage alleys 70 , a shelf operating device 56 can be moved . Two picker vehicles 10 can each be moved on rails on the pick fronts of the shelf rows 60 , 62 facing the pick alleys 72 . Each of the picker vehicles 10 carries (as a rule) a picker 18 and an order pallet 20 . In the middle of each pick alley, that is to say on the one hand, fronts of pickers opposite each other between the respective travel paths of the picker vehicles and, on the other hand, also seen in the center in the longitudinal direction of the pick alley, buffer spaces 64 are set up, onto which the order pallets of the picker vehicles are stored can or from which stored order pallets can be picked up by the picker vehicles. There is also the possibility that there is only one picking aisle between the pallet racks. The transfer and buffer locations described above are then on the pallet shelves.

At the ends of the storage aisles 70 and pick aisles 72 or the control lines 60 and 62 , transport paths 74 , 76 are arranged on both sides, perpendicular to this, which are to be assigned to the conveyor system network via which the removal pallets to the system according to the invention supplied and the order pallets are discharged from the system according to the invention.

The storage of the pallets 50 takes place in the case of the present embodiment in multi-storey pallet racks 52 (see FIG. 2) in which the pallets are stored transversely and triple deep. For the picking, the articles are made available in picking channels 54 on at least one level, wherein each picking channel can accommodate three pallets in a row. As shown, several picking levels are set up one above the other.

The storage of the removal pallets in the storage area and the replenishment of the removal pallets in the picking channels is carried out by means of the control device 56 , which, as can be seen from FIG. 1, can serve two adjacent shelves. The automatic control operating devices 56 can be of a conventional type and therefore do not require any further description. The storage is preferably carried out via the picking provision (not shown in the picture) of the pallet racks 52 .

Two shelf rows 60 , 62 with a control operating device 56 each form a module 58 , on the two pick fronts of which the pickers pick order pallets. The pallets from the incoming goods department are fed to the desired module for storage. This feed is preferably carried out with an automatic conveyor technology. As far as is possible due to the current storage space capacity, the incoming goods pallets of an article are stored in the module in which they are also placed in the picking area. As far as possible, the inventory of an article is kept in the module in which it is picked. If not all pallets can be stored in the corresponding module, they have to be relocated at a later time or relocated from the replenishment warehouse.

The items are placed statically or dynamically in the picking area. Articles with a high sales volume are assigned to fixed picking places in the picking (static list). Several pallets of the respective article can be made available in succession in the static channels. Picking is carried out from the front pallet, the rear pallets are available as stock. As soon as the front pallet has been cleared, the picker removes the pallet and the replenishment pallets automatically roll forward via the gravity roller conveyors 55 of the order picking channels 54 . The picker's zero-crossing acknowledgment triggers the provision of a new pallet from the storage area. The empty warehouse pallet is used for a new order or disposed of in an empty pallet dispenser.

In the case of unstable stored goods, the inclination of the gravity roller conveyors can be so be changed so that an "automatic roll forward" does not take place. The The replenishment vehicle then has the function of the reserve pallet (second pallet on the shelf) through a new replenishment range from the storage area into the canal to postpone. The reserve pallet does not immediately pick is available (depending on the replenishment frequency and the Replenishment), the picker vehicle has an automatic Pulling device that enables the reserve pallet to be actively "forward" pull.  

Low heel items become dynamic to reduce the pick front; H. set up in the picking area only if required. For this are Picking channels defined on which items are dynamically made available become. If the requirement of picking for a dynamic Article is available, it is placed on the dynamic place and at the An request for a new item is removed and returned to the storage area deferred.

Since it is known in advance which order pallets through the picking aisle are passed through, the dynamic item assignment is carried out before the start of the order led to ensure the availability of the items in the picking front ten.

All picking channels of the present system are equipped so that they can be used for both static and dynamic provision so it is possible to add a static picking channel if necessary convert a dynamic picking channel and vice versa.

The list of articles is continuously adapted to the respective requirements. Based on past observations (history) and forecasts or already Orders are processed by the warehouse management computer at regular intervals an optimal item list in the picking (profile) determines. From a certain deviation of the current profile from the optimal profile is the Reorganized pick front (reprofiling). The design of the channels allows an auto automatic return of a set up pallet to the storage area. Should a static articles are changed, the corresponding pallets are made taken from the canal. The channel can now either be static or dynamic be reassigned.

The individual orders can be split into shipping aids. Based The dimensions of the items based on the master data are for each order with the help of a finishing program, the number of required pallets is determined and  the order is broken down to the number of pallets. Certain Op timing criteria are taken into account, such as holding together of product groups on a pallet, weight criteria or minimizing the modules to be approached for a pallet.

The pool of possible order pallets is based on certain criteria Order palettes started. An order range can be in any module starts. Consider the start criteria u. a. the departure time of the tour and the load on the storage and retrieval machine for dynamic article provision at the start module. Order pallets are preferably started in the module in which the heavy articles are set up. After that, the range of orders is replaced by the whose modules are controlled, in which articles for the order are also set up. Another essential feature is that product groups within the article spec can be held together; d. H. they will be in a commission sioning area held together. This enables an "order-specific" order pallets.

At this point it should be mentioned that the system according to the invention is suitable for using a large number of different storage units for receiving the respective goods or articles. This includes pallets 38 ( FIG. 2) or small load carriers 80 ( FIG. 14) as well as roll containers or packages (collies) of the goods. Roll containers are placed individually or in pairs on sub-pallets at the start of the order. The sub-pallets then serve as transport aids for the roll containers in the system. The packages or collies are provided directly in flow channels or shelf racks in the picking area. This eliminates the need for repackaging into containers. The prerequisite for this is that the collies are stable, have appropriate dimensions and represent a sales unit.

Picking vehicles 10 are used for picking, as described in more detail below with reference to FIGS . 3 and 4. These picker vehicles are also called "ergonomic picking mobile" or "EPM" for short.

The "ergonomic picking mobile" 10 is a rail-bound vehicle, which has a chassis 12 with drive, the direction of travel of the EPM in Fig. 1 is indicated by arrows A and runs parallel to the pick front of the pallet racks. The EPM comprises a first lifting device 14 for the picker 18 and a second lifting device 16 for an order pallet 20 . Each lifting device 14 , 16 comprises a frame 22 or 24 , which is stretched vertically upwards at the front or rear end of the chassis 12 , as seen in the travel direction of the EPM, and on which a platform 26 or 28 is vertically adjustable . The two platforms 26 , 28 are adjacent, in plan view, leaving only a comparatively narrow gap free, and they are by means of the respectively assigned lifting devices 14 and. 16 can be adjusted in height independently of one another in such a way that the height, for example, of the platform 28 can be higher, the same or lower than the height of platform 26 .

The platform 26 used to receive the picker 18 is equipped with a cabin with circumferential fall protection 30 , a driver's seat and an integrated dead man's switch 32 . The driver's seat is designed as a standing seat for an ergonomic position while driving. Other safety equipment, not shown, are also provided, such as. B. Means that prevent the vehicle from moving when the picker is still outside the vehicle (e.g. re-sizing the pallet) after the pick has been acknowledged, or the bruises due to the relative movement of the order palette compared to the Prevent platform. The dead man switch 32 also serves to acknowledge the picking.

On the platform 28, a load receiving means 34 is of the order pallet 20 arranged, wherein the load receiving means 20 transversely allows movement of the order pallet to the direction A of the EPM 34th The platform 28 also carries a terminal 36 for displaying the pick positions.

The EMP is controlled by the (not shown) control computer of the system control, which on the one hand positions the vehicle and, on the other hand, positions both the picker and the order pallets at the respective removal position of the removal pallet located on the pallet shelf in the ergonomically most favorable position. Examples of this are shown in FIGS. 5a to 12b.

The picking platform is set to an ergonomic height on the basis of the remaining quantity on the removal pallet 38 . The height of the platform 28 carrying the order pallet 20 is set on the basis of the degree of filling of the order pallet by evaluating a sensor technology arranged on the platform 28 . The optimal access height can also be individually adjusted in the control to the respective picker. The picker also has the option of manually correcting the heights preset by the control. Driving control in the aisle direction, on the other hand, takes place fully automatically without intervention by the picker.

The order pallets are successively passed through the picking fronts by the EPMs and the replenishment vehicles, in which articles for the order pallet are set up. Another essential feature is that product groups can be held together within the range of articles; ie they are held together in a picking area which can consist of several modules arranged one behind the other. This enables "product group-specific" order pallets. If several EPMs are used in a pick front, the pallet is placed in one of the buffer locations 64 and taken over by the next EPM. To switch between two opposite pick fronts, the pallet is also placed in buffer spaces between the pick fronts and taken over by an EPM from the other pick front. The change to the other side of a module takes place via buffer tracks 66 formed in the shelves 52 and via the respective storage and retrieval device 56 of the assigned module 58 . If several picking fronts are to be skipped, the pallet can be conveyed further into the next relevant module via the conveyor technology network 68 .

To pick the order items, an order pallet 20 is first provided by the control operator 56 on a buffer track 66 in the pallet rack 52 for acceptance by an EPM 10 (or it is an empty pallet). The pallet is picked up with the load handler 34 of the EPM and the first removal position is automatically approached. The removal pallets 38 are provided in the pick front. The EPM is positioned fully automatically in the pick front in front of the removal range by the control computer in both the x direction and the y direction. For the information of the actual picking, the terminal 36 is attached to the EPM, on which the removal quantity is displayed. After positioning in front of the respective channel 54 , the picker can check the removal position and then removes the displayed quantity and converts the parts onto the order pallet 20 . For this process, the platform 26 of the picker is set in such a way that the picker has an ergonomic removal height from the removal pallet. The height of the order pallet is adjusted so that the removed parts can be pushed onto the order pallet by the picker as far as possible without lifting or lowering. After finishing, the picker confirms the removal position. The EPM automatically positions itself before the next removal pallet or transfers the order pallet to a buffer location 64 when the order pallet has been completed in the picking area of the EPM.

At least one picker works on one EPM per pick front, but it can also two EPMs can be used in one pick front. With two EPMs in one pick front the work areas of the individual EPMs can overlap. The controller for the order palette takes into account path optimization for the picker and enables thus maximum picking performance. After completing the commission nation in the work area of the respective EPM, the range of orders becomes a continuation Line in other areas on a buffer space.

After the last pick, the order pallet 20 is transferred via a buffer track 66 to a storage and retrieval unit 56 and placed by this on a suitable conveyor system and driven into a shipping area, where the order pallets are sorted into orders and possibly tours.

Driving the EPMs with a fully extended stroke is easily possible and one Combined lifting / driving movement can be realized with the EPM. With that the Height positioning essentially during the actual travel time and does not take any additional time. By constantly carrying the Order range with the order picker eliminates any travel times from the Ent pallet to order pallet.

The conveyor technology for the system according to the invention enables storage in any desired module. To order pallets in every picking module To be able to start is still an empty pallet feed to the feed point of any picking module is possible without any problems. The funding is also Technical disposal of empty pallets from every module guaranteed. Close There is a conveyor technology network for the individual picking modules, which makes it possible to order through a range of orders in any order Lock modules.

With high racks, it is also possible to stack several picking vehicles one above the other Use intermediate platforms within the alleys. The storage and Replenishment vehicle covers the entire shelf height and thus also provides the "conveyor connection" of the storage units from the one above the other Picker vehicles.

As can be seen from the above, the system according to the invention has the following advantages in particular:

• - Integrated pallet storage and picking system
• - Multiple depth provision of the product range for continuous comm missionary care
• - Reduction of the pick front possible through dynamic article provision  
• - Identical design of static and dynamic places possible greatest possible flexibility for the item listing
• - Optimal provision through automatic pick front profiling and dynami The provision of the slow runner
• - No sequence of order pallets
• - High picking performance
• - Decoupling of the pickers by buffer conveyors between the EPMs
• - Minimum travel times by optimizing the route and moving the picker on the EPM
• - Optimal ergonomics during the removal process thanks to the lifting cabin for employees
• - Optimal ergonomics when placing on the order pallet through independent stroke for order pallet
• - Provision of warehouse pallets across; maximum engagement depth 800 mm
• - High pick security through sequential, computer-controlled approach to the Ent take positions
• - Job start possible at any point in the system (no central I point); even utilization of the system
• - One-step picking directly on the shipping loading aid; just one Handling level
• - By suitable profiling, picking items by item in any Article group order possible
• - Optimization of the throughput time by prioritization and the possibility of Order pallets can be overhauled
• - Automatic transport of the order range from the start of the order to the ver sand orientation.

2nd embodiment System for picking pallets and Storage containers

Another embodiment of the system according to the invention is described in the following with reference to FIGS. 13 and 14.

Fig. 13 shows a schematic plan view of an embodiment of the inven tion system according to the invention, which allows the integrated storage and picking of pallets and additionally of storage containers 80 (small load carriers KLT) for smaller items. Fig. 14 shows a partial cross-sectional view of such a system.

This second exemplary embodiment of the order-picking system according to the invention can be used in particular for articles whose consumption volume ([number of pieces] x piece volume) is low and whose physical dimensions are too small or unsuitable for storage on pallets. Storage containers or small load carriers (KLT 80 ) are therefore used for their storage, which can be either trough-shaped or tray-shaped. The system according to the invention allows the pick front to be reduced for such articles and thus a reduction in the pick paths. This enables higher picking performance and shorter order throughput times.

Three different variants are possible for storing and picking the KLTs 80 .

(1) Storage and provision of the KLTs in specific parking spaces or channels in the pallet module

This variant is shown in Fig. 13 in the shelf module shown at the bottom and in Fig. 14 on the right side. The KLT are stored in specific storage spaces that are appropriate to the dimensions of the KLT and are made available in the commissioning area in specific storage channels 82 that are adapted to the dimensions of the KLT. The parking spaces and the picking channels 82 are integrated in the pallet rack. This results in a combination of pallet storage spaces (shown in Fig. 14 above) and KLT storage spaces (shown in Fig. 14 below) both in the warehouse and in the picking area.

The KLT 80 can be stored lengthways or crossways, depending on which direction is more suitable for integrating the storage channels into the steel structure of the pallet rack. Depending on the available space, the KLT 80 can be made available several times in a row. The KLT lie on inclined roller conveyors 55 .

The storage of the storage containers 80 in the replenishment locations or the replenishment in the order-picking channels 82 takes place, as in the case of the pallets, with a preferably automatic storage and retrieval unit 57 (not shown in FIG. 14), which has a special load handling device that is suitable for handling both pallets as well as from KLT. Preferably, two telescopic forks for pallet handling can be controlled separately and designed such that the KLT can be manipulated with a single telescopic fork. Alternatively, it is also possible to carry out the storage and replenishment processes with a manual stacker that is controlled by radio data transmission. This stacker is also preferably suitable for manipulating pallets and KLT alike.

As in the case of pallets, the two delivery methods of static and dynamic delivery can be used. From the pool of articles stored and picked in KLT 80 , those with a high access frequency are set up statically and those with a lower access frequency dynamically. In the static formation, several KLT are successively provided an article into a storage channel 82, while still housed in the dynamis chen providing only a KLT in the channel 82 and removed as needed and a new article is also nachgeschoben only in a container.

(2) Provision of the KLTs in mobile flow channel inserts in the pallet module

This second variant is shown in FIG. 13, the shelf module shown at the top and in FIG. 14 on the left side. As with the first variant, the KLTs are stored in specific parking spaces that correspond to the dimensions of the KLT.

These parking spaces are inserted in the mobile storage channel inserts 84 for the KLTs in the pallet channels. The storage channel inserts 84 are carrier units with the basic dimensions of a pallet, on which roller strips 55 for the provision of the KLT 80 are installed one above the other on several levels. If a pallet channel is equipped with the corresponding number of mobile storage channel inserts 84 (flow channel inserts), several KLT storage channels are set up.

In this embodiment, there are no changes to the steel construction of the pallet rack for the provision in order picking. The mobile storage channel inserts 84 can be handled on the basis of the basic dimensions by the storage and retrieval unit 56 and can thus be assembled and disassembled at any point in the pick front. This allows you to react flexibly to changing requirements of the article profile, such as changing the number of articles in KLTs, other positions in the pick front, etc.

This variant is also a static as well as a dynamic arti Provision of kel possible.

(3) Storage and provision in a separate module for storage containers

In this third variant, the KLTs 80 are provided and picked in at least one module consisting of two complete picking fronts 63 only for KLTs. This variant is shown in the center of Fig. 13. The two picking fronts 63 are arranged in such a way that the loading sides of the rack lines point to one another, so that the storage and retrieval unit 57 used only has to manipulate KLTs.

In this variant, standard systems are preferably used for the steel structure of the shelf specially designed for storing the containers 80 . As a rule, the KLT is stored along double depths, the flow channels for the provision in the picking are preferably made three times deep.

The loading of the shelves with storage and the replenishment into the commissioning channels is preferably realized by a storage and retrieval unit 57 , which is designed to accommodate two KLTs in a row. The KLT can be made available statically or dynamically on the picking front, as with the two aforementioned variants.

Since the order pallets in this case cannot be transferred via buffer conveyors to the shelf operating device and from this back to opposite buffer conveyors, at least one buffer conveyor 90 for the transfer of pallets from one picking aisle 72 to the adjacent picking aisle is preferably installed on both end faces of the shelf for this purpose (see Fig. 13).

Principle of operation of the second embodiment

The working processes of the second embodiment of the described picking system according to the invention.

(1) Repacking the items in KLTs

Before being used in the picking system, those articles that are for the Picking from KLT are provided, repacked from pallets into KLTs become. This process can take place in special workplaces (not in the figures shown) outside the system or integrated in the picking system In the case of separate workplaces, item pallets and empty KLTs provided and the packed KLTs automatically by means of conveyor technology provided for storage in the shelf modules.

The repacking process takes place regardless of the way the KLTs are provided Follow variants 1 to 3 described above in the pick front accordingly  the process: empty KLT are provided on pallets on a pallet channel and the arti to be repacked are placed on a pallet space next to it Pallets provided. A load handler picks up an empty KLT and packs the appropriate quantity under computer control. The packed and The identified container is transported on fixed shelves for KLT on the shelf operating device provided for storage.

The empty containers created in the picking process are returned to the Empty container pallets finished and thus the supply of the repacking process ensured with empty containers.

(2) Storage / replenishment in the picking

The storage and retrieval machine takes the KLT provided for storage from one Conveyor line with a telescope and places this on the corresponding Storage spaces in the storage area of the shelf module. The supply of the Channels in the picking process follow the same principle as the first Embodiment (see description above). Empty KLT become from the Channel removed, collected by the picker vehicle and disposed of if necessary.

(3) Continuous re-profiling of the item listing

Continuous re-profiling of the item listing can be done for the KLT subsystem be carried out analogously to the first embodiment. Also an order Assignment of KLT on pallets and vice versa can depend on the item sentence behavior can be performed. Any remaining KLTs are added to this needs or stock quantities repackaged in KLT and then ready accordingly posed.

In a system version with mobile storage channel inserts 84 (second variant of the second exemplary embodiment), the number of KLT channels in the pick front and the location of these channels can also be modified flexibly and in accordance with the requirements. To reorganize the local installation of the storage channels, they must be completely emptied. Then the shelf operating device can remove the individual mobile storage channel inserts and place them in another pallet channel.

(4) Order throughput (splitting the order pallets, controlling the order pallets, picking and shipping)

The order flow through the system is done in the same way as for first embodiment and is provided by the provision of articles in KLTs unaffected.

(5) Design of the conveyor technology

When designing the conveyor technology, it must also be taken into account that KLTs on certain routes (storage, connection to repacking stations) must be promoted. A separate conveyor technology network must be installed for this lieren. The conveyor system installation for the order flow remains unaffected touched.

As can be seen from the detailed description above, the second exemplary embodiment of the order-picking system according to the invention has the following further advantages in particular:

• - Integrated system for storing and picking pallets and KLT
• - Picking from pallets and KLT in one system on one dispatch unit with optimal removal ergonomics
• - Storage and picking of the articles according to sales behavior and Sales volume in KLT or in pallets
• - Reassignment between pallet and KLT is possible at any time
• - Multi-depth provision of KLT in the pick front  
• - Drastic reduction of the pick front for slow-moving items through provision this in KLTs (approx. six articles on one pallet space)
• - Further reduction of the pick front through dynamic article provision of the KLT article possible
• - Identical design of static and dynamic places enables one greatest possible flexibility for the item listing for KLT items
• - Optimal provision through automatic pick front profiling and dynamic Provision of slow runners in the KLT area
• - through suitable profiling, picking by item group in be any order of article groups possible
• - a replenishment shelf control unit for manipulating pallets and KLT.

In the second variant of the second exemplary embodiment, the use of the mobile storage channel inserts 84 results in the following additional advantages and features:

• - Flexible assignment of the pick front with pallet and KLT channels
• - Reorganization of the pick front also with regard to the number and location of the KLT Storage channels possible
• - flexible response to changes in requirements
• - Holding together product groups is also with a changed number of KLT-Ar items possible in the product group, and
• - Relocation of the channel inserts is due to an automatic replenishment rack device possible.

Reference list

10th

Picker vehicle

12th

landing gear

14

first lifting device

16

second lifting device

18th

Picker

20th

Order range

22

frame

24th

frame

26

platform

28

platform

30th

Cabin with fall protection

32

Deadman switch

34

Load handler

36

terminal

38

Withdrawal pallet

50

Pallets

52

Pallet racks

54

Picking channels

55

Gravity roller conveyors

56

,

57

Storage and retrieval machine

58

Modules

60

Shelf row

62

Shelf row

63

Shelf row

64

Buffer spaces

66

Buffer lanes

70

Storage alley

72

Pick alley

74

Transport lanes

76

Transport lanes

80

Container (KLT)

82

Storage channels

84

Storage channel inserts

90

Buffer conveyor

Claims (44)

1. System for picking articles in a rack warehouse, with

• 1. a plurality of parallel rows of shelves ( 60 , 62 , 63 ) for storing and / or buffering units ( 38 ; 80 ) for receiving the articles
• 2. between the rows of shelves ( 60 , 62 , 63 ) alternately formed storage aisles ( 70 ) and picking aisles ( 72 ),
• 3. at least one storage vehicle ( 56 ) in each storage aisle ( 70 ), which is designed to accommodate at least one unit ( 38 ; 80 ) and can be moved along each storage aisle ( 70 ) to store the units in the pallet racks is
• 4. at least one picker vehicle ( 10 ) in each picking aisle ( 72 ) for picking the units to be picked, which can be moved along one of the two opposite picking fronts forming the picking aisle ( 72 ),
• 5. buffer locations ( 64 ) which are arranged in the picking aisles ( 72 ) between the travel paths of the picker vehicles ( 10 ) which can be moved along the two opposite pick fronts, for buffering and / or for transferring the units to be picked from a picker vehicle ( 10 ) on one side of the pick alley ( 72 ) to a picker vehicle ( 10 ) on the other side of the pick alley ( 72 ), and
• 6. a system control with a control computer.

2. System according to claim 1, characterized in that a picker vehicle ( 10 ) is designed to receive order pallets ( 20 ) for the articles to be picked. 3. System according to claim 2, characterized in that in the pallet racking ( 60 , 62 ) in each case at least one buffer track ( 66 ) is designed to transfer order pallets ( 20 ) from a picker vehicle ( 10 ) to a storage vehicle ( 56 ) and from there, if necessary, to a picker vehicle ( 10 ) of the adjacent picking alley ( 72 ), and / or to transfer an order pallet ( 20 ) from a storage vehicle ( 56 ) to a picker vehicle ( 10 ). 4. System according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the to be picked Units of pallets, roll containers, cargo containers and / or packages (Collies) include. 5. System according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the rows of shelves comprise pallet racks ( 60 , 62 ) in which storage channels ( 82 ) for containers ( 80 ) or packages (collies) are formed. 6. System according to claim 5, characterized in that the containers or packages ( 80 ) in the storage channels ( 82 ) longitudinally or transversely can be stored several times one behind the other. 7. System according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that a storage vehicle ( 56 ) is provided with a load handling device for handling pallets and cargo containers. 8. System according to claim 4, characterized in that storage channel inserts ( 84 ) for receiving containers ( 80 ) are provided in at least one pallet rack. 9. System according to claim 8, characterized in that the storage channel inserts ( 84 ) correspond to the basic dimensions of a pallet and have roller strips ( 55 ) for the storage of storage containers on several levels one above the other. 10. System according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that a rack module consisting of two parallel rack units arranged on both sides of a storage aisle ( 70 ) is designed as a rack module ( 63 ) for storing containers ( 80 ). 11. System according to claim 10, characterized in that separate buffer conveyors ( 90 ) are arranged on both end faces of the rack module ( 63 ). 12. System according to one of claims 4 to 10, characterized in that the storage containers ( 80 ) are designed as trough-shaped or tray-shaped carriers for smaller objects. 13. System according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that both static and dynamic picking channels ( 54 ) are formed on the rows of shelves ( 60 , 62 , 63 ). 14. System according to claim 13, characterized in that at least some of the picking channels ( 54 ), but preferably all picking channels ( 54 ) of the shelves ( 60 , 62 , 63 ) are designed so that they are both static and dynamic Picking channels can be used. 15. System according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises control means to determine the optimal item listing in the picking channels ( 54 ) on the basis of past considerations and / or forecasts and / or existing orders and in the event of a deviation from this to reorganize the pick front. 16. System according to claim 4 and 5, characterized in that during the reorganization of the pick front, the type - static or dynamic - of the picking channels ( 54 ) can be changed. 17. System according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the picking channels ( 54 ) of the pallet racks ( 60 , 62 ) are designed for more deep storage of the pallets. 18. System according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the pallets in the picking channels ( 54 ) of the pallet racks ( 60 , 62 ) can be received transversely. 19. System according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the picking channels ( 54 ) on the shelves ( 60 , 62 , 63 ) are arranged one above the other in several levels. 20. System according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the storage vehicles ( 56 ) are designed as automatic control devices and replenishment vehicles, which also have means for handling containers ( 80 ). 21. System according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a single-storage vehicle ( 56 ) is provided per single-storey aisle ( 70 ), which serves both opposite pallets in a single-storey aisle ( 60 , 62 ). 22. System according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that picker vehicles ( 10 ) are provided on at least one pick front of a pallet rack ( 60 , 62 ). 23. System according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by a at least one end of the storage aisles ( 70 ) or pick aisles ( 72 ) arranged pallet conveyor system ( 74 , 76 ) which extends transversely to the gas sen. 24. System according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the picker vehicle ( 10 ) for receiving a picker ( 18 ) is formed. 25. System according to claim 24, characterized in that the picker driving tool ( 10 ) carries an order range ( 20 ) and the picker ( 18 ) independently adjustable in height. 26. System according to claim 24 or 25, characterized in that the picker vehicle ( 10 ) carries the order range ( 20 ) adjustable in height relative to the picker ( 18 ). 27. System according to one of claims 24 to 26, characterized by a first lifting device ( 14 ) with a height-adjustable picker carrying device ( 26 ) for the picker ( 18 ) and a second lifting device ( 16 ) with a height-adjustable pallet carrying device ( 28 ) for an order pallet ( 20 ), the picker carrying device and the pallet carrying device being able to be positioned independently of one another in terms of their height relative to the respective removal position. 28. System according to claim 27, characterized in that the picker driving tool ( 10 ) has a base ( 12 ), on the one side of which the first lifting device ( 14 ) is seen in the direction of travel (A) and on the other side the second lifting device ( 16 ) is arranged. 29. System according to claim 28, characterized in that each lifting device ( 14 , 16 ) has a vertical frame ( 22 , 24 ) on which the respective support device ( 26 , 28 ) can be moved vertically. 30. System according to one of claims 27 to 29, characterized in that the picker carrying device ( 26 ) and the pallet carrying device ( 28 ) are arranged opposite one another in a plan view. 31. System according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the picker vehicle ( 10 ) is rail-bound. 32. System according to one of the preceding claims 27 to 31, characterized in that the picker carrying device ( 26 ) has a circumferential fall protection ( 30 ) for the picker. 33. System according to one of claims 27 to 32, characterized in that the pallet support device ( 28 ) above the order pallet ( 20 ) has a terminal ( 36 ) for displaying the pick quantity. 34. System according to one of claims 27 to 33, characterized in that the picker carrying device ( 26 ) has a dead man's switch ( 32 ). 35. System according to claim 34, characterized in that the dead man switch ( 32 ) is additionally designed to acknowledge the picking. 36. System according to one of claims 27 to 35, characterized in that the pallet carrying device ( 28 ) comprises a load-carrying means ( 34 ) for receiving and delivering the order pallet ( 20 ). 37. System according to claim 36, characterized in that the load receiving means ( 34 ) is designed such that the order pallet ( 20 ) can be transported transversely to the direction of travel (A) of the picker vehicle ( 10 ). 38. System according to one of claims 27 to 37, characterized in that the pallet support device ( 28 ) has a sensor device for determining the degree of filling of the order pallet ( 20 ). 39. System according to one of claims 27 to 38, characterized in that the method of the picker vehicle ( 10 ) and the lifting devices ( 14 , 16 ) to the respective removal positions or transfer positions can be controlled by means of a control computer of the system controller. 40. System according to claim 39, characterized in that the height of the picker carrying device ( 26 ) at the respective removal position can be controlled on the basis of the remaining quantity of the articles on the removal pallet ( 38 ). 41. System according to claim 39 or 40, characterized in that the height of the pallet support device ( 28 ) at the respective removal position can be controlled on the basis of the degree of filling of the order pallet ( 20 ). 42. System according to claim 40 or 41, characterized in that the height of the picker carrying device ( 26 ) and / or the pallet carrying device ( 28 ) at the respective removal position for each picker can be individually corrected by a specific amount. 43. System according to one of claims 39 to 42, characterized in that the heights specified by the system control from the picker manually correct are rigible. 44. System according to one of claims 27 to 43, characterized in that the movement of the vehicle ( 10 ) and the lifting movements of the lifting devices ( 14 , 16 ) optionally take place simultaneously.