DE10056119A1 - Electronic lock system in which a padlock has a wireless interface via which it receives access code that it then evaluates by comparison with codes stored in memory, thus reducing the number of keys personnel have to carry - Google Patents

Abstract

Electronically coded lock system has a locking mechanism that can be blocked or released on receipt of an invalid or valid code. The code evaluation device has a wireless interface via which data from an external authentication pass with a code generator are received. The code evaluator has a second wireless connection to a central unit from which authentication data can be downloaded and used to update its memory. Alternately the lock can connect to the central unit in order to request authentication of an authentication pass code.

Description

The invention relates to an electronically codable lock System according to the preamble of claim 1.

Network operator for energy supply, water and wastewater supply and telecommunications maintain a large number of business premises spread over the supply area are and often without constant presence of staff be driven. The operating stations are against unauthorized persons Access secured. In addition to fencing with closable Gates are often other lockable entrances, doors and windows in buildings.

Until now, maintenance and operating personnel had needed one Variety of keys to gain access to permanent establishments receive. They differ for security reasons Locks, so that the authorized operating personnel Variety of keys must be carried when under different business locations are visited.  

The invention has for its object a lock system for such establishments, that of the staff can be opened with a single credential and it allows you to individually set permissions to change or delete.

This task is performed with an electronically coded lock System according to the preamble of claim 1 by the in characteristic part specified features solved.

Further developments and advantageous refinements result from the subclaims.

In the lock system according to the invention, a code is a Authorization carried by maintenance and operating personnel ID card to the lock via a code transmitter and evaluated by means of a code evaluator that is valid if valid unlocked a locking mechanism. The code is sent to the Co deuswerter supplied via a code receiver by the Be drive personnel the authorization card with the code receiver coupled. A transmission link is used for the coupling applies the electromagnetic, optical, acoustic or galvanic  can be. Because this is possible in a simple way there is reallocation, changes, or deletions of Permissions without mechanical intervention or exchange of perform entire castle, there is a significant Simplification in the administration of access and authorization supply identity cards.

According to a further development, the Riegelme mechanism by a motor, a magnet or a piezo element can be actuated.

In principle, all types of drives mentioned are suitable. The concrete selection is essentially made according to what effort to lock and unlock the locking mechanism nism is necessary and whether the electrical work for this with high performance over a short period of time or with low performance over a longer period of time can be.

Alternatively, it can be provided that the locking mechanism mechanically by the user via an electrical or mag netische clutch is actuated.  

This solution has a particularly low electrical ar beit required because the mechanical work to lock and Unlocking the locking mechanism by the user mecha niche is applied.

A power supply electrical and / or electronic Components can by an internal battery, an internal, externally rechargeable battery, an externally rechargeable condenser gate or directly externally.

The choice of power supply depends on which one time intervals the lock must be operated and which locking mechanism is provided. The type of Rie The gel mechanism in turn determines that for an unlocking electrical work required.

An external power supply can be galvanic or inductive respectively.

The code evaluator can store different data Identity card codes include.  

This makes it possible to use the codes of authorization cards save multiple users. In addition to a basic code a complementary code can also be used, the system number, location, customer number, customer group and hierarchy level includes.

Furthermore, the code evaluator can also include a timer, which as a real time clock, possibly with time of day and too additional date or is designed as a counter.

It is then possible to access a date, a clock time or a meter reading. This can an authorization card with unchanged code anyway be used time-selectively.

In addition, the credential with the code can via a temporary authorization, such as duration or frequency access, e.g. B. include a timestamp.

This temporary authorization can be granted internally or externally become. It can also be used after one or more uses changed or deleted.  

This results in further variation options in use.

The code evaluator can also be used instead of its own local memory chers for different codes of authorization cards access an external database. This database can via public or in-house telecommunications be reachable on the network.

An external database is much easier and faster to maintain and is then for a virtually unlimited number from clients, in this case from electronic locks available. In addition, the storage space of the data plays bank with a large number of different authorizations Assignment codes play a smaller role than if different conditions authorization codes can be stored in each individual lock and need local storage space for this.

The code receiver for electromagnetic transmission can be part of a transponder system that is in the open frequency range between 100 KHz and 15 MHz works.  

This allows common components for access control Use trolling systems, especially ID cards with code donors who already have access to other buildings Connection to the electrical supply network the.

Alternatively, the code receiver can also be a receiver or Transceiver of a cellular network. It can then be mobile phones with SIM cards can be used as code transmitters. The Code can correspond to the SIM card number or also separately given from a memory or via the keyboard if linked to the SIM card number become.

This type of transmission can also include a Near field detection can be made to prevent the lock was not opened improperly from a distance can be.

Instead of or in addition to an electromagnetic near field A lock generated by the lock can also be constantly identified Use alternating identification code, that of the staff optically read from a display of the lock and over  the mobile phone keypad must be entered. Also this rules out that no lock other than the nearby one can be opened.

In the case of electromagnetic transmission as inventory Part of a transponder system can also receive codes ger also a transmitter for a dialogue with a code transmitter be there.

By mutual exchange of codes, each after Reception are evaluated, the validity of the Co check the safer. An abuse e.g. B. by eavesdropping and manipulation of a intercepted code can thus be reduced become.

In the case of internally stored codes, Update, change or delete different ways the transmission will be used.

A first option is to use a Transponder interface and a master card with a co degeber, which is a programming window for entering Kar opens. Subsequent can within this  Programming window the card numbers of the to be authorized Cards with their code transmitters via the transponder interface be transmitted. After completing this process then only the authorization cards with codes access, wel were saved during this process.

A second possibility is to use it the transponder interface, but using a Programmer. Card numbers can be selected using the key ture and display can be saved without the cards themselves must be available locally.

In both cases, apart from the transponder interface, the themselves of the code recipient and, if applicable, the code transmitter for can operate a transponder, no other receivers o the transceiver needed.

A third option is to use a ge special receiver or transceiver for a radio link low power or a direct coupling with a Access control system, a database or another Telecommunications network, which in turn, indirectly or directly connectable to a database or an access control system  manufactures. This allows the saved Code data may be changed from time to time or as necessary.

Finally, a fourth option is to use it a mobile network in conjunction with the aforementioned Op tions, such as those used for the low-power radio connection are named. They can also be saved via the mobile network stored code data from time to time or changed as required become.

Instead of an internally stored code on an external one Access control system or a database can be accessed a transceiver for a low power radio link Mobile network or a direct coupling with an access control system or a database. Here can also be another internal or public telecommunications network can be interposed. The code interpreter transmits the received code to the external access control troll system or the database for testing and receives depending on Result of the test an acknowledgment signal for an access area authorization or an access block.  

For a change in the stored code and also an over verification of the code by an external database or a Zu Gang control system and transmission of an acknowledgment signal Alternatively, a local radio network of low power can be switched on be set.

Several adjacent locks can be used here and / or communicate with a relay station. One of the Locks or the relay station then take over the connection to an external access control system or a Da tenbank. Then there is only one common interface required. Since only one at a time in practical operation If the lock is active, there is no risk of a data collision through simultaneous transmission request of several locks.

It is also provided that a position sensor for the Bolt or padlock connected to the code interpreter is. In this way it can be recognized whether the bolt or front suspension bracket in the correct position after closing arrives and whether the lock is opened by force.

A further development provides that an optical and / or a acoustic display is connected to the code interpreter. This  can, for example, quit a valid or invalid code animals, or in connection with the position sensor Information about the opening times of the castle or a secure one Show locking.

The housing can consist of two parts, one of which is a spare Part is made of metal and includes the locking mechanism and a second part made of plastic and an antenna the code recipient or sender and, if applicable, the Transceivers or the transceiver for a radio link small ner power and / or include a cellular network. You can all or part of the remaining components in the first o the second part of the housing can be arranged.

This structure makes it particularly security-relevant To accommodate parts in the metal housing and thus against Sabo to protect days. In contrast, the antenna, which is used for the Er targeting good radiation properties protects must be attached, in the plastic housing part to be ordered. But others can do less there too safety-relevant parts, e.g. batteries, be arranged to simplify their exchange.  

When arranging electrical components in both parts of the housing, these can be ver through contacts be bound. In principle, this makes it largely clear represents in which of the two parts the electrical and e electronic components are housed as far as this not specified by safety-related requirements is.

To increase the security of data communication between Detachable parts of the case can also have internal closures Selection facilities with authentication in both parts of the housing can be provided.

These only represent the function of the two parts of the Ge housing if parts that belong together are used. An improper exchange of different parts of the Housing z. B. different locks are recognized and prevents a function. Only with suitable parts of the After assembly, the housing automatically becomes radio prepared for readiness.

In the following the invention will be explained with reference to an embodiment game described, which is shown in the drawing.  

The drawing shows:

Fig. 1 is a schematic representation of an electro nic coded lock system tion with a padlock in a first exporting,

Fig. 2 shows a schematic diagram of an electronically coded lock system with a padlock in a second configuration and

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the integration of an electronically coded lock system in an access control system

Figs. 1 and 2 show different embodiments of an electronically coded lock system with a lock 10 before hanging. The lock comprises a housing which consists of a first housing part 12 made of metal and a second housing part 14 made of plastic. A locking mechanism 16 is arranged in the metal housing part 12 , which locks or unlocks a curtain bracket 18 .

The locking mechanism 16 comprises a drive 20 for actuation. In the illustration in FIG. 1, this is formed by an electric drive, for example by a motor, a magnet or a piezo element.

The drive 20 and other electronic components is supplied with electrical energy by a power supply 22 . The energy supply can be a battery, a rechargeable battery or an external energy source with or without a buffer element, for example in the form of a capacitor.

The drive 20 is controlled by a code evaluator 24 . An internal memory 26 for storing permitted codes and a clock 28 or an external access control system or an external database can be assigned to this code evaluator 24 . The code evaluator 24 is also connected to a code transceiver 30 , to which the code to be checked and, if valid, enabling a code is supplied via a credential 32 with a code transmitter 34 .

To transmit the code from the code transmitter 34 to the code transceiver 30 , the transmission path can be an electromagnetic, optical, acoustic or galvanic interface. A transponder interface or a mobile network is suitable as the electromagnetic interface.

The transponder interface can be bidirectional. The mobile radio interface comprises a mobile radio transceiver 38 . Alternatively, a transceiver can also be used for a radio link of low power, for example in the 433 or 868 MHz range.

For communication with an external access control system or an external database can also use the cellular interface or an HF or NF interface with a transceiver. A radio link can be used as the HF interface small power, for example in the 433 or 868 MHz range.

The two transceivers 30 and 38 also include antennas 42 and 44 . These are net angeord in the housing part 14 made of plastic.

In addition, an acoustic alarm device 46 and an optical display 48 , which can also be designed as a display for numerical or alphanumeric characters, can also be present. These can be used to acknowledge a correct function or a malfunction or also to enter a code that changes continuously at intervals and can only be recognized by reading.

In addition, a sensor 50 can also be provided, which can signal correct locking or else a violent opening.

The components of the electrical and electronic components in the housing part 12 and in the housing part 14 are interconnected by contacts 52 .

In the embodiment according to FIG. 2, a mechanical drive 54 is used instead of an electrical drive, which is connected to the locking mechanism 16 via a clutch 56 . Otherwise, the further structure largely corresponds to that in Fig. 1, but in Fig. 2 some of the electronic assemblies are divided in the two housing parts 12 and 14 ver.

To secure an allowable data transfer between the housing parts 12 and 14 and to prevent an inadmissible exchange of the housing parts, the data transfer takes place between the housing parts by means of coding devices 36 and 40 . These check the data for authenticity and at the same time prevent data manipulation at the interface.

Fig. 3 shows the integration of an electronically coded lock in an access control system. The access control system here comprises a data bus 58 which leads to an external database. Connected to it is a read / write device 62 attached to a door in a building, which can communicate with usual transponders. Such a transponder can also be an authorization card 32 with a code transmitter 34 , which can thereby be used universally.

With the read / write device 62 , a door control unit 60 is coupled to a transceiver 64 , which communicates via an antenna 66 with one or more of the electronic locks via a radio link of low power. This means that the locks can be used to query externally stored access data. It can be the same access data that are also queried by the read / write device 62 , that is to say data in the memory of a local access control system or an external database. Each mobile or stationary lock then corresponds to a further read / write device integrated in the access control system for access control. The door control unit with the transceiver can also serve as a relay point for communication of the locks 10 in the embodiment described for access data query or data update.

If an external database has to be accessed to check the access data, this can be done jointly via a bus system 58 and / or an intermediate communication network.

Claims (22)

1. Electronically codable lock system, consisting of a housing with a lockable and unlockable locking element, in particular a padlock, which can be locked and unlocked by a locking mechanism, characterized in that the locking mechanism is used for evaluation by means of an electronic code evaluator via a control line a valid code can be unlocked, and that the code evaluator is assigned a code receiver that receives data from an external authorization card with a code transmitter via an electromagnetic, optical, acoustic or galvanic transmission path. 2. Electronically codable lock system according to claim 1, characterized in that the locking mechanism by ei NEN motor, a magnet or a piezo element can be actuated is.   3. Electronically codable lock system according to claim 1, characterized in that the locking mechanism is mechanical by the user via an electrical or magnetic Clutch can be actuated. 4. Electronically codable lock system according to one of the Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that a current supply of electrical and / or electronic components by an internal battery, an internal, external recharge rechargeable battery, an externally rechargeable capacitor or immediately telbar externally. 5. Electronically codable lock system according to one of the Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the Stromver external galvanic or inductive supply. 6. Electronically codable lock system according to one of the Claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the code value a memory for different codes of comp certification and the evaluation with the locally approved stored codes.   7. Electronically codable lock system according to one of the Claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the code values include a clock, which is a real-time clock or a counter ler is trained. 8. Electronically codable lock system according to one of the Claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the Codeemp catches a transponder interface for the frequency range is between 100 KHz and 15 MHz. 9. Electronically codable lock system according to one of the Claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the Codeemp catcher is part of a transceiver and the transceiver a transponder interface for the frequency range between between 100 KHz and 15 MHz or smaller for a radio link Performance in an approved frequency range, in particular 433 MHz or 868 MHz or a cellular interface. 10. Electronically codable lock system according to claim 9, characterized in that the cellular interface additionally includes a near field sensor.   11. Electronically codable lock system according to claim 9 or 10, characterized in that the cellular cut also set a display to show a constantly changing includes encoding codes on the keyboard of the as Codege to be entered by the operating personnel using the mobile phone is. 12. Electronically codable lock system according to one of the Claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the lock an interface for a data query to an external door aisle control system or an external database and for transfer carrying an acknowledgment signal from the external access con trollsystem or the external database for code evaluators summarizes. 13. Electronically codable lock system according to claim 12, characterized in that the interface is inductive, a radio link of low power in an approved Fre frequency range, in particular 433 MHz or 868 MHz or a mo radio interface is. 14. Electronically codable lock system according to claim 12 or 13, characterized in that the credential  transferred data to an external access control system or an external database, there are checked for validity, that then from external access control system or the external database an acknowledgment signal is transmitted back to the code evaluator and with valid authorization, the code interpreter the acknowledgment signal is caused to lock the latch mechanism unlock. 15. Electronically codable lock system according to one of the Claims 1 to 14, characterized in that a positi onsender for the padlock is arranged in the housing, the is evaluated by the code evaluator. 16. Electronically codable lock system according to one of the Claims 1 to 15, characterized in that an opti and / or acoustic acknowledgment or alarm display from the Co is controlled. 17. Electronically codable lock system according to one of the Claims 1 to 16, characterized in that the housing consists of two parts, one of which is made of metal exists and the. Locking mechanism includes, and a second  Part is made of plastic and an antenna of the code receiver gers or transmitters, with the remaining components all or part of the first or second part of the housing are arranged. 18. Electronically codable lock system according to claim 17, characterized in that when arranging electri cal components in both parts of the housing this compo are connected to each other by contacts. 19. Electronically codable lock system according to claim 17 or 18, characterized in that the separable electro components in the parts of the lock directions for secure data exchange with each other assigned. 20. Electronically codable lock system according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that the memory of the Co Programmable by downloading code data is, the code data can be transmitted inductively, by a Master transponder transferable, which is a programming time window ter for codes to be stored subsequently from code transmitters net, transferable through a programming device or through a  Access control system or an external database transferable are. 21. Electronically codable lock system according to one of the Claims 1 to 20, characterized in that in the code transmitter of the ID card next to the ID number a tem porous authorization can be stored, which is additionally from the Co is evaluable. 22. Electronically codable lock system according to claim 21, characterized in that the temporary authorization by means of the code evaluator of the lock or via a geson Another read / write device can be entered, changed or deleted is.