DE9215546U1 - Kit for actuating an electronically controlled lock or lock cylinder - Google Patents

Description

The core of the so-called security lock is a cylinder, which is why it is called a cylinder lock. It is mounted in the housing so that it can rotate, and when closed, small coil springs push up several pins arranged in axially perpendicular housing and cylinder bores, which are divided into upper and lower pins according to the key teeth. The lower pins block the dividing line between the cylinder and the housing so that the cylinder cannot be turned. Only when the correct key is inserted into the cylinder are the pins pushed down so far that their dividing line is exactly in line with the dividing line between the cylinder (lock bolt) and the housing. The same applies to cylinder locks with upper pins pushed down by springs. A variation of the cylinder lock is a lock whose key

(so-called reversible key) with recesses that are inserted horizontally into the keyhole. Reversible keys can also be provided with recesses on the side for profile control pins.

A distinction must also be made between master key and central locking systems.

New developments include magnetic lock systems in which the lock and key are provided with a magnetic code. In addition, reference must be made to locking systems with chip cards, as well as electronic locking systems that activate a locking mechanism by verifying identity via microprocessor chips.

However, in the latter case in particular, the energy consumption is sometimes so high that even inductively operating electronic locking systems require an external energy supply, which means an enormous investment per locking device.

The same applicant has already presented electronic locking systems that allow a locking mechanism to be activated using a microprocessor with minimal electrical energy.

In particular, patent application P 42 34 321.6 deals with the possibility of locking and/or opening a locking bolt by means of a micromotor-controlled eccentric.

It is noteworthy that in this application the opening and closing processes are each connected with an actuation, i.e. rotation of the eccentric, which means a relatively high current load via the micromotor.

In plain language, this requires a battery capacity that must be sufficient to keep the lock or locking cylinder functional for at least 2 to 3 years.

Conventional micromotors rely on the electromagnetic operating principle, whereby a moving permanent magnet in a coil generates a current and, conversely, a coil through which current flows activates a magnetic field.

The ultimate task of the micromotor is to cause the inert mass of the eccentric to rotate, which in the "closed" position represents an obstacle to the movement of the locking bolt.

Preliminary tests and calculations have shown that it is certainly possible to design a locking device of the aforementioned type using a button cell with high capacity and appropriate dimensions.

Furthermore, the above-mentioned design also takes into account aspects of corrosion protection, key authentication, algorithms, etc.

The purpose of the present application is now, in reverse of the above-mentioned application, to only activate the locking mechanism when an unauthorized key is used. This is done by activating a sensor when an attempt is made to open the locking device, which brings an eccentric bolt &ogr;. etc. into the "closed" position, unless the pivoting of the eccentric &ogr;. etc. is prevented beforehand by an authorized opening command via the locking cylinder microprocessor.

The eccentric serves on the one hand to switch the locking cylinder microprocessor to the "close" position if the key is not authorized and on the other hand to activate storage elements such as EEPROMs, which are used preferentially and, in their function as read-only storage, maintain the read-only information even without power consumption.

In the technical implementation, at least one piezo crystal or similar is preferably deformed via at least one lock bolt cam or similar, which emits a voltage surge and thus switches the microprocessor into readiness for action.

Another variant worth highlighting is that the micromotor, which is activated via an amplifier, moves an eccentric or similar into the "closed" position in milliseconds when the key is not authorized, so that a preferably spring-loaded driver element is not able to pull the actual locking bolt out of its lock bolt latch. This is achieved in that the driver in the variant shown is split in two, with the lock bolt part being conically shaped and resting in a negatively conical recess and sliding out of this when the lock bolt is rotated, whereby at the same time the lower part of the driver with its driver part is guided downwards to the locking bolt via a spring pressure. For safety reasons, the key holder is rotatable and secured, with a spring bolt securing the neutral position for tightening the key.

In addition, the key bit is extended and this extension serves as an offset drive recess for the actual lock bolt. In this defined angle of rotation, on the one hand, at least one sensor is activated and, on the other hand, the locking bolt can be moved in a force-locking manner in the lock bolt.

This means that if an attempt is made to open the lock with an unauthorized key, the user must first locate the locking recess in the lock bolt, which simultaneously ensures that the microprocessor chip is activated via the sensor and moves the eccentric into the "closed" position via the micromotor.

In a preferred embodiment, the information is transmitted to the microprocessor chip of the locking cylinder via a digital light pulse using an optical fiber, although other types of information transmission are also conceivable.

In principle, this device design option minimizes power consumption in that the micromotor is only loaded when an unauthorized attempt is made to close the device.

The negligible maintenance of the information in the read/write memory of the microprocessor chip(s) is minimal and the actual load on the battery only occurs when the micromotor is activated. In particular, power consumption is minimized by the fact that read-only memory information is preferably stored via EEPROMs, which do not require any maintenance current in the storage phase.

In a further variant, a thermoplastic mass is inserted between the lock bolt and the lock cylinder guide, which leads to an interlocking of the two lock or lock cylinder elements in the event of an attempt to drill open the lock during the cooling phase, whereby of course corresponding recesses are provided in the area of the lock cylinder guide and the lock cylinder bolt.

At the same time, it is noteworthy in this variant that the coupling of the locking cylinder is separated from the locking driver, so that the required space for the micromotor, the electronics and the power supply is available for all locking cylinder sizes.

In this context, it should also be emphasized that a rotating key holder and even information transfer to the locking cylinder microprocessor chip can be omitted indoors, since the danger normally only comes from outside.

The invention will now be explained in more detail with reference to kit claims 1-23.

This shows
Figure 1

a schematic overall view of the locking cylinder in section, with the key only symbolized by a LED,

Figure 2

shows a possible variant of the micromotor, which can be dimensioned accordingly due to the few usage times, so that the inertial mass of the eccentric bolt can also be designed accordingly,

Figure 2 a

shows a possible connection of a rotor with an eccentric via an encapsulation.

Figure 1 shows a schematic representation of the locking cylinder in section, whereby the key is only symbolically represented as a light-emitting diode (80). In the variant shown, the key (80) corresponds via bulletproof glass (43) to light guide (2), which passes on its preferred digital information to photodiode (39).

This in turn is connected via the data bus system (40) to the microprocessor (3), which in turn has a computing unit (4) for carrying out an algorithm. The data bus part (60) activates amplifier (6) if necessary, which excites the coil (7) using a power source (5) and, as a stator (7,8), sets the symbolically mounted rotor (9) in rotation so that the eccentric (10) releases or blocks the travel path for the driver bolt (31). In order to prevent deformation of the eccentric (10), the driver mechanism (24,32,31,33) was designed in such a way that it is possible to extend out of the bolt trap (63) via the conical bolt (24), with the spring (32) enabling the force to be transmitted to the driver bolt (31) as long as the eccentric (10) is not in the "closed" position. At the same time, the driver element (24,31,32,33) with the driver (33) shows the connection to the actual locking bolt (23), which holds it in the neutral position in its corresponding lock bolt latch (64) via spring (30). It is noteworthy in this context that the locking bolt (23) has a circular partial recess for the angle of rotation for extending the conical bolt (24), which is not visible here in the section.

Other functional elements are important in that the rotating key holder (16) is held in the neutral position by the spring-loaded (81) bolt (29), so that the key (80) can be inserted into the key holder (19) with its corresponding milling (21) and rotated. In this variant, element (53) only serves to hold the key holder (16) in a rotatable manner in the lock cylinder part (22). Element (55) performs the same task for the lock bolt (13).

Also worth mentioning in the key holder (16) are the receiving elements (17,18,42) and the offset extension (75) in the lock bolt over gap (20).

This means that when the key bit of the key (80) is inserted into the guide (17), the key is initially not frictionally connected to the lock bolt (13), so that the frictional connection is only made possible by rotating the key holder (16) by further inserting the key bit of the key (80). However, if this rotation is carried out, an eccentric ϑ or the like (not shown here) of the lock bolt (13) responds, which activates a sensor such as a piezo crystal (25,69), which in turn corresponds to the microprocessor or microprocessor chip (3) via the data bus system (40). In plain language, this means that in the case of an authorized opening, the preferred digital authorization information is initially passed on to the microprocessor (3) via the light guide (2), which then ignores the sensor (25,69) activity.

In the event of an unauthorized attempt to close the door, the sensor (25,69) is activated, which directly activates the micromotor (7,8,9) via the microprocessor (3) and amplifier (6) and swings the eccentric (10) into the "closed" position.

Of course, this pivoting must take place in a fraction of a second. To achieve further security, the element (27,81,29) is used, which always keeps the lock bolt (13) in the correct position, in which the spring-loaded (78) ball (77) shown here is positioned in the ball trap (62) and at the same time ensures that the lock bolt (13) rests in exactly this position when the key (80) is removed.

An unauthorized attempt to close the lock is achieved by first reaching the position (75) for the force-lock between the key holder (16) and the lock bolt (13), whereby the sensor (25,69) has already set the eccentric (10) in rotation via the micromotor (7,8,9).

The idea is that the lock can only be "outsmarted" if the locking bolt (23) has already left the latch (64) via the driver element (24,31,32,33) in the shortest possible time, i.e. at a time when the eccentric has not yet assumed its closed position. By searching for the force-locking driver recess (75), the sensor (25,69) is overrun, so that the motor (7,8,9) is already activated here, unless the microprocessor (3) is previously held in the "open" position by a legitimate code.

"S .*

On the inside of the lock cylinder, in the area of the key receptacle (15) and the following numbers, a similar locking bolt (23) is not positioned here, which would be necessary if the same direction of rotation for opening and closing the lock cylinder is to be made possible from both the inside and outside of the lock cylinder, which is achieved by coupling (14). In this case, the light guide (41) only indicated here would be necessary and, if necessary, a second photodiode (39). The lock bolt driver pin (12), which is firmly connected to the lock bolt (13) in the recess (50) of the lock cylinder profile, brings about the actual closing or opening process, with bore (26) fixing the lock cylinder (1) in the corresponding door in the conventional manner.

Figure 2 shows a schematic representation of a possible variant of the micromotor (7,8,9), which can be dimensioned accordingly due to the short usage times, so that the inert mass of the eccentric bolt (10,83) is also designed accordingly. Here we can see the stator (7,8), which has a coil (7) on the right-hand side. The rotor (9) is connected to the eccentric (10) at the same time and is held by the bearing (68) with the elements (57) and (58), so that the rotor (9) is designed as the preferred rare earth magnet. The shown and symbolized bends (86) are intended to make it clear that the motor (7,8,9) is housed in an optimal position in the housing of the locking cylinder (1).

·

Figure 2 a shows a schematic detail of the connection between rotor (82) and eccentric (83), whereby it should be emphasized that the motor (7,8,9) with its upstream electronics is encapsulated by element (85) and interacts only via shaft (84) with eccentric (83), which controls the travel path of locking pin (23).

Claims (1)

EXPECTATIONS 1. Kit for operating an electronically controlled lock or locking cylinder, characterized by that it consists of an analogue and/or digitally programmed key (80) with a microprocessor chip, a locking device or locking cylinder (1) with a microprocessor chip (3) and sufficient storage capacity, that the lock or locking cylinder (1) has electrical-electronic components (39,3,6,5,7,...) and a bistable locking element (10) that remains in the "open" position in the neutral position and is suitable for immediately switching to the "closed" position via at least one sensor (25,69) in the event of an unauthorized attempt to close it, the required energy being taken from at least one battery (5) and/or at least one rechargeable battery, so that a stable locking bolt (23) for releasing the lock bolt (13) cannot be moved out of its latch (64). 2. Kit according to claim 1, characterized, that the key (80) is suitable for analogue and/or digital information transmission as an opening or locking code and accordingly has a microprocessor chip with memory unit(s) and a power supply and is furthermore capable of transmitting the torque required for the locking process. 3. Kit according to claim 1,2 characterized, that the locking cylinder (1) has at least one key receptacle (17,18,42,75,46,45,44), at least one microprocessor memory chip (3), optionally with separate memory units and downstream electronic components (6,...) which are suitable for controlling a bistable locking element (10) by means of a power supply (5). 4. Kit according to at least one of claims 1-3, characterized,
that the microprocessor chip (3) of the locking cylinder (1) is addressed via at least one voltage-generating sensor (25, 69), such as a piezo crystal, which is suitable for activating the locking element (10) in the event of an unauthorized attempt to close the cylinder. 5. Kit according to at least one of claims 1-4, characterized, that the sensor(s) (25,69) preferably via the rotation of the lock bolt (13) and/or the front part of the outer key receptacle (16) can be addressed at a defined angle of rotation. 6. Kit according to at least one of claims 1-5, characterized, that the bistable locking element (10) is preferably coupled to a micromotor, the shaft of which has an eccentric bolt or the like as a locking element, which is suitable for blocking (23) the locking function of the locking cylinder (1). 7. Kit according to at least one of claims 1-6, characterized, that a standardized locking cylinder is preferably used as the locking cylinder. 8. Kit according to at least one of claims 1-7, characterized, that the micromotor (7,8,9) consists of a rotor (9) and a stator (7,8), whereby the rotor (9) is mounted (68,84) in such a way that it simultaneously fixes the eccentric bolt (10,83). 9» Kit according to at least one of claims 1-8, characterized in that the electro-electronic components are encapsulated (85) to protect them from corrosion, the rotor (82) corresponding to the preferably ferromagnetic and mounted (84) eccentric (83) through the encapsulation. 10. Kit according to at least one of claims 1-9, characterized in da.Q> the locking cylinder microprocessor (3) has a computing unit (4) which is suitable for carrying out an authentication check using the contents of the electronic memory and the key code by enabling communication with the key (80) via preferably at least one LED or photodiode. 11. Kit according to at least one of claims 1-10, characterized, that the locking cylinder (l) preferably in its Address as locking cylinder (1) thermoplastic element which, when tested for drilling in the cooled phase, additionally turning the lock bolt (13) made more difficult. 12. Kit according to at least one of claims 1-11, characterized, that the coupling (14) of the locking cylinder (1)
is preferably oriented towards the inside of the door, so that the actual locking pin (12) only tightly encases the lock bolt (13). 13. Kit according to at least one of claims 1-12, characterized, that the micromotor (7,8,9) is on the outside of the locking pin (12) and that its Control elements (3,6,...) to the inside of the door lay. 14. Kit according to at least one of claims 1-13, characterized, that a standby battery is integrated in the locking cylinder (1), that it is connected in parallel in the circuit
and is integrated and can only be controlled by the locking cylinder microprocessor (3) if the
Working battery a minimum limit of its
Capacity falls below, whereby, for example, an LED
and/or an acoustic signal or similar is or are suitable to indicate the need for a
to indicate battery change. 15. Kit according to at least one of claims 1-14, characterized, that all electrical-electronic components as well as stored parts are protected against corrosion (85). 16. Kit according to at least one of claims 1-15, characterized, that the bistable locking element (10) in its preferably non-ferromagnetic part consists of a high-strength alloy. 17. Kit according to at least one of claims 1-16, characterized, that the bistable locking element (10) has two stable bearing points (57, 58) in the area of the eccentric bolt. 18. Kit according to at least one of claims 1-17, characterized, that the timer preferably consists of a controlled quartz, wherein the lock IC (3) enables setting of the real time by the quartz representing part of a modified clock. ,19. Kit according to at least one of claims 1-18, characterized in that in a locking system with a hierarchical structure, a comparison to the modified locking cylinder clock can be carried out using a separate key and a separate control command. 20. Kit according to at least one of claims 1-19, characterized, that the locking bolt (23) remains in its correspondingly designed latch (64) over a defined angle of rotation and can be extended from its latch (64) via a spring-activated auxiliary bolt (24,32,31), wherein the conical bolt portion (24) is suitable for initiating the release of the locking bolt (23) via the rotation of the lock bolt (13) (24). 21. Kit according to at least one of claims 1-20, characterized, that the spring (32) enables the auxiliary bolt mechanism (24,32,31) to only place a limited load on the eccentric (10). 22. Kit according to at least one of claims 1-21, characterized, that the key holder (16) is arranged in a rotatable manner in the outer region of a locking cylinder (1) and that the lock bolt (13) is only driven along after a defined angle of rotation, an additional bore (75) in the lock bolt (13) making it difficult to insert the force-locking key bit during rapid rotation and at least one sensor (25, 69) in the rotatable key holder (16) being suitable for activating the microprocessor (3) of the locking cylinder (1) in order to block the locking cylinder (1) in the event of an unauthorized attempt to lock it. 23. Kit according to at least one of claims 1-22, characterized, that the electrical-electronic components in particular can be protected by seals (71,72,73,74).