DE10054714B4 - Method for sealing a cable or cable set on / in a cable feedthrough element and a cable feedthrough element - Google Patents

Abstract

Method for sealing a cable (2) or cable set on / in a cable feedthrough element (1), wherein the cable (1) or the cable set passes through at least one cable channel (3) and in the region of at least one cable outlet opening (4) from the cable feedthrough element (1 ), characterized by the following process steps:
a) stripping the cable (2) or the cable set in an inner region of a sealing element (7);
b) spraying the sealing element (7) made of permanently elastic plastic, in a first injection process on the region of the cable outlet opening (4), wherein one of the cable channel (3) exiting portion of the cable (2) or cable set is encapsulated and the cable channel (3 ) is formed stepwise or teilkonisch and at least partially injected with the permanently elastic plastic material;
c) placing an outer mold (8) on the region of the cable outlet opening (4) such that between the inner wall (9) of the outer mold (8) and the surface (10) of the sealing element (7), a cavity (11) is formed;
d) ejection of the cavity (11) in a second injection process ...

Description

The The invention relates to a method for sealing a cable or Cable set on / in a cable feedthrough element with the other Features of the preamble of claim 1 and a cable feedthrough element with the further features of the preamble of claim 12. Furthermore The invention relates to uses according to claims 21 to 23.

In a cable feedthrough element passes through a cable or a cable set (consisting of several Cable) at least one cable channel and is held therein. In the region of at least one cable outlet opening, the cable or the cable set out of the cable feedthrough element and leads from there for. B. to a power source. The cable feedthrough element can in particular with the cable outlet opening opposite area and the wire or cable ends there z. B. with a Plug connected.

in the It is also an area of diesel injection technology in motor vehicles known to control the valves by piezo elements. The piezo elements, Also referred to as so-called piezo actuators are held in an actuator base. The actuator foot exists essentially of a metal part and a molded part. By The metal part run through the cables for the piezo element. Here is a tightness of the cables or wires in the actuator base of some bar demanded. In order to achieve this tightness, it is known that in the Area of the ends of the cable channels Rubber parts are used, which are sprayed with polyamide become. The polyamide compresses these conical rubber parts in the conical bore, so that one certain tightness is produced. Such a method is time consuming and cumbersome, since it is only manually feasible is. Furthermore does not achieve the required tightness in the long term.

Out DE 195 48 503 A1 is a sealing body for sealing wires that emerge from a bore of a housing known. The sealing body consists of an outer wall which encloses at least one cavity. The cavity contains a filler which is either a compressible or a high viscosity medium. The cavity is pierced by passage openings for different conductor wire cross sections.

From DE 196 39 133 A1 known electrical ignition device has a metallic receiving part for a Zündwiderstand, at least one ignition charge and connections for the ignition resistor. The receiving part is embedded in a plastic body. So that the ignition device is absolutely tight and no moisture can penetrate, an elastic layer or an elastic body is arranged between the receiving part and the plastic body at least in partial areas, which can be applied by means of dipping, pressing, spraying, spraying or other suitable methods. The metal parts can first be wrapped with a permanently elastic plastic at the points where no micro-gaps are to be formed, and then the complete unit are overmoulded with the plastic of high strength. By applying the plastic of high strength with high pressure, the elastic layer or the elastic plastic is biased and thus enhances the desired sealing function.

Out DE 100 41 812 A1 in which it is a post-published prior art, a structural unit with a wall element is known, which is penetrated by a line. Between the line and the wall element, a sealing element is arranged, wherein the sealing element is made of a soft plastic material and the wall element made of a hard plastic material. The assembly is characterized in that the sealing member is applied to the line, preferably sprayed on and that the wall element is applied to the sealing member, preferably sprayed, this completely surrounds and exerts a pressure on the sealing element to support the desired Abdichtfunktion.

Out DE 199 07 636 A1 is a device for cable passage for the realization of a transition of cables from a lubricant or similar at least partially filled or residues containing and at least partially enclosed by a housing space in an area outside this space, wherein a transition element is provided which has a through hole. In the transition element, an insulating body of electrically non-conductive material for carrying individual cable elements of a cable is arranged. Each cable element is designed to be divided in the region of the insulating body and the ends produced by division are electrically coupled to one another in the insulating body via a crimped coupling.

This in DE 199 10 111 A1 described method is the plastic passivation of a surface of an electrical component, such as a piezoelectric actuator. After the component is positioned in a hollow body such that between the surface to be passivated of the component and an inner surface of the hollow body, a certain gap is formed, the gap with filled a plastic and the plastic then crosslinked.

Out DE 38 56 190 T2 Thickened, crosslinkable polymer compositions are known which serve for form connections. The compositions are particularly useful for the formulation of pre-pregs and granular molding compounds.

Out DE 37 18 811 C1 is a method and an apparatus for the production of plastic bristles known. In this case, the bristle carrier and optionally the ends of the bristles is melted and brought together under pressure or the bristles introduced into an injection molding or foaming mold for the bristle carrier and embedded by spraying or foaming in the bristle carrier material.

Of the Invention is based on the object, a method with the features of the preamble of claim 1 in such a way that with an automated Process high Tightness of the cable entry elements be achieved in a relatively wide temperature range. The invention is Furthermore the task is based on a cable feedthrough element with the features of the preamble of claim 12 in such a way that the cable feedthrough element the cables run in it or cable set safely to the outside seals.

These The object is achieved by the entire teaching of claims 1 and 12 solved. Advantageous developments of the method emerge from the dependent claims 2-11. Advantageous embodiments of the cable feedthrough element in the claims 13-20 taught. Appropriate uses of the cable feedthrough element emerge from the claims 21-23.

The inventive method is characterized by the fact that the first Cable or harness in an interior of a sealing element is stripped and then in a first injection process, the sealing element made of, in particular, permanently elastic Plastic, in particular an elastomer, sprayed onto the region of the cable outlet opening is, with an emerging from the cable channel section of the cable or cable set is encapsulated. The cable duct is in stages or teilkonisch formed and is at least partially with the permanently elastic plastic material injected. In the next process step is placed on the region of the cable outlet opening an outer shape such that between the inner wall of the outer mold and the surface the sealing element is formed a cavity. In a second Injection process, this cavity is compared to a Material of the sealing element harder plastic material injected so that during the injection process the one inner moldings forming sealing element is compressed sustainably. After solidification of the harder Plastic formed jacket element this is finally formed. The stripping of cable or cable set is therefore advantageous there will be leaks between the wire and the cable insulation can. It could z. B. hydrocarbons be diffused, resulting in leaks to lead can. The stripped cable is the ready-made part in the sealing element embedded and thus reliable, durable and absolute tightly isolated.

through This method can be a seal of the cable or the cable set in the cable feedthrough element be reached by about 30 bar. The procedure is automatic by means of suitable injection molding machines fast and reproducible feasible. In the harder plastic material, the the shell element forms, it may be, for example, polyamide act on pressing between 400 and 800 bar is sprayed onto the sealing element, so that already During the injection process, the elastomer is extremely pressurized and thereby the elements to be sealed with the required pressure be acted upon or sealed. In the permanently elastic plastic it may be, for example, polybutyl acrylate (PBA) or butyiene-styrene rubber (PBS). The plastics are suitable because of their elastic properties, to ensure high tightness in a wide temperature range. The cable channels are formed stepwise or teilkonisch, so that the permanently elastic Plastic also safely extends into the channels, this fills and seals. The sealing of the wires or their insulation in the channels leads to, that these can not swing anymore, so that too no vibrations of the cables are caused when vibrations occur, which possibly could lead to a short circuit. Furthermore could be vibrations the wire material will tire with the result that the Wire breaks. By a permanent fixation of the wire through the sealing material can be prevented. advantageously, the cable duct with the sealing material can reach into the area of the Plug contact to be injected, so that the seal and fixation the cable over their entire length up to the free ends of the wires (in Area of the plug contact).

In order to produce a durable connection between the sealing element and the cable outlet opening, at least one undercut can be arranged in the region of the cable outlet opening, which in the first injection process with the dauerelasti is injected plastic material. Instead of an undercut, an internal thread or the like can be injected with the permanently elastic plastic. As a result of the subsequent overmolding of the jacket element, a high seal is also achieved in the undercut or the internal thread or the like by the compression of the elastomer material. The cable feedthrough element can in particular be made of metal, in particular of steel, in the region of the cable ducts. To increase the connection between the existing metal cable outlet opening and the elastomer may additionally be applied a bonding agent.

Around can increase the tightness in the cable area even further at least one reaching into the cable feedthrough element Recess z. B. be provided in the region of the cable channels, the first injection process with the permanently elastic plastic material also injected.

Around also the cables in the cable channels To seal and fix it firmly, the respective cable channel at the first injection at least in sections with the permanently elastic Plastic material to be injected.

At the sealing element can in the region of the cable exit point a collar-like Be molded element that serve as cable protection or kink protection can. In particular, the collar-like element is a part of the sealing element and is also produced during the first injection process. With particular advantage engages this collar-like element in a recess of the outer shape (for the second injection process). In the second injection process is characterized the collar-like element from the outside compressed under radially inwardly directed pressure, so that also in Area of the collar-like element an excellent seal comes about. Another advantage is that the cable insulation at the second injection process not with the most hochschmelzendem Plastic material of the jacket element (eg polyamide) in contact come and possibly could melt. At the manufacture cable feedthrough element Therefore, the collar-like element of the shell element only on Its circumference, but not the front side surrounded, so that the Bend protection is maintained by an elastic support. The collar-like element Fulfills Accordingly, several advantageous functions both in the production as well as the finished cable feedthrough element.

Around also a secure connection between the jacket element and the Grommet can produce at least one hook-like element and / or at least one undercut on the cable bushing element be provided, which are encapsulated in the second injection process. The hook-like element and the undercut can, for example, over the entire Scope of the cable feedthrough element run and thus on all sides to a secure recording of the jacket element contribute.

to further increase the tightness can be provided that through the harder plastic formed jacket element during the curing process with further compression of the sealing element expands.

Around Too much melting of the sealing element during the second injection process and thereby a change To prevent the elastic properties, the sealing element be subjected to a cooling process before the second injection process. Conveniently, Can the by the cooling process dimensioned in the sealing element introduced cold energy such be that the Temperature in the interior of the sealing element during the second injection process far below the melting temperature of the permanently elastic plastic lies. The surface the elastomer core can thus on the subsequent increase in temperature about 300 ° C with the second injection process. It can then become an instant Merge only in the surface area the two plastics come, which also in the sense of an intimate connection the two plastics desired is.

In front the second injection process can also in addition the emerging from the sealing element wire sections or cable sections a cooling process be subjected. This will prevent that from passing through the cable sections applied outer shape During the second injection process, the amount of heat dissipated the cable insulation would melt. Furthermore This will cause a transfer of heat through the wire sections in prevents the interior of the sealing material, possibly would lead to a melting in the core of the sealing element.

The cable feedthrough element according to the invention has at least one cable channel, wherein at least one cable or cable set passes through the at least one cable channel and emerges from the cable feed-through element in the region of at least one cable outlet opening. The cable channel is formed in a stepped or teilkonisch, in the region of the cable outlet opening is positively connected to the material of the cable feedthrough element a sealing element arranged, which consists of permanently elastic plastic and which is sustained by a sprayed-on jacket element under radially inwardly directed pressure. Furthermore, the cable channel is at least partially with the permanently elastic plastic material filled and stripped the cable or the cable set in an inner region of the sealing element. The cable feedthrough element according to the invention is distinguished by very high tightnesses in the region of the cable outlet openings, which remain intact even during temperature fluctuations and occurring vibrations for the entire service life. For the particular embodiments of the invention, reference is made to the description above of the method of sealing the cable feedthrough element.

The Cable bushing element according to the invention can be versatile for different applications are used. The cable feedthrough element can z. B. be used as a plug handle. In the field of automotive valve technology can the cable feedthrough element used as piezo actuator foot be required in which high tightness of about 30 bar and in the manner described above by means of the sealing element as well of it arranged jacket element can be realized. It is also possible that the cable feedthrough element as a spark plug connector Use finds. About that are natural More options the use of the cable feedthrough element conceivable.

The Invention is based on an advantageous embodiment in the drawing figure explained in more detail. These shows a schematic process flow of the method for sealing a cable set on / in a cable feedthrough element.

numeral 1 denotes the cable feedthrough element in its entirety. The cable feedthrough element 1 is not fully illustrated, in particular the area of the plug contact 18 not shown. In the cable feedthrough element 1 There is a cable set consisting of two cables 2 , each with a cable channel 3 push through. As shown in step I, the cables are coming 2 in the area of the cable outlet opening 4 from the cable feedthrough element 1 out. In process step II, the cables 2 stripped in the later interior of the sealing element, so that the free wires 5 be surrounded directly by the later injected sealing element.

Subsequently, in step III, an outer shape 6 for the first injection process on the cable feedthrough element 1 placed. In step IV is in the outer shape 6 and on the area of the cable outlet opening 4 a sealing element 7 made of especially permanently elastic plastic, in particular an elastomer sprayed, wherein the cable channels 3 leaking sections of the cables 2 as well as the wires 5 to be overmoulded. After a short cooling phase and shaping out of the outer mold 6 becomes an outer shape in step IV 8th on the area of the cable outlet opening 4 placed so that between the inner wall 9 the outer shape 8th and the surface 10 of the sealing element 7 a cavity 11 is formed. In the subsequent second injection process, the cavity 11 with a comparatively to the material of the sealing element 7 Harder plastic material sprayed in such a way that during injection molding, the inner molding forming the sealing element 7 sustainably compressed. Finally, the jacket element formed by the harder plastic becomes 12 after its solidification from the outer form 8th formed. The molded and sealed cable feedthrough element 1 is shown in step VI.

To the sealing element 7 with the cable feedthrough element 1 permanently connect, is in the cable outlet opening an undercut 13 arranged, which is injected during the first injection process with the permanently elastic plastic material. The undercut is as a circumferential groove in the mostly made of metal (eg steel) cable entry element 1 designed, whereby a secure attachment of the sealing element 7 over the entire circumference is guaranteed. Alternatively or additionally, between the cable outlet opening 4 and the outer shape 6 a bonding agent can be applied.

In addition, in the cable bushing element reaching into recesses 14 in the area of cable channels 3 arranged, which are injected during the first injection process with the permanently elastic plastic material. This embodiment increases the tightness at the interface between the cable outlet opening 4 and the metal part of the cable feedthrough element 1 ,

As also apparent from the drawing figures, the cable channels 3 during the first spraying process into the area of the plug contact 18 sprayed so that the cables 2 or the wires 5 also in the cable channels 3 are securely sealed and therefore can not vibrate due to mechanical effects. A vibration could possibly cause stripping of the cables or wire breakage. For ejecting the cable channels 3 These are advantageously designed in stages or teilkonisch so that the elastomer melt can spread better.

To the sealing element 7 is a collar-like element in the area of cable exit points 15 molded. In the illustrated flow chart is the collar-like element 15 a part of the sealing element 7 and at the same time in the manufacture of the sealing element 7 by a correspondingly shaped Au ßenform 6 educated.

According to step V, the collar-like element engages 15 in a recess 19 the outer shape 8th into it. The sprayed on jacket element 12 surrounds the collar-like element 15 at the edge, but not at the front. This means, on the one hand, that even in the area of the cable exit points, the high tightness is similar to that in the area of the cable outlet openings 4 will be produced. On the other hand is prevented in the second injection that by the higher melting plastic of the jacket element 12 the insulation of the cables 2 damaged or even melted due to excessive heat. In addition, the collar-like element serves 15 as kink protection for the protruding cables 2 ,

During the second injection process (see step V), the harder plastic becomes a hook-like element 16 as well as an undercut 17 attached to the cable feedthrough element 1 are arranged, sprayed. This also becomes the jacket element 12 with the cable feedthrough element 1 securely connected, with both the hook-like element 16 as well as the undercut 17 expediently around the entire circumference of the cable feedthrough element 1 are provided.

The plastic of the jacket element 12 is formed such that the jacket element 12 during the curing process with further compression of the sealing element 7 expands and thus an even higher density is achieved.

Before the second injection (before step V), the sealing element 7 are still subjected to a cooling process, so that excessive melting or damage of the usually low-melting, elastic plastic material by the sprayed on it, hot plastic material of the jacket element 12 is prevented. It is the through the cooling process in the sealing element 7 introduced cold energy such that the temperature in the interior of the sealing element 7 the second injection is far below the melting temperature of the permanently elastic plastic. To also a melting in the interior of the sealing element 7 by the possibly heated by the injection process wires 5 To prevent, before the second injection process also from the sealing element 7 emerging cable sections are subjected to a cooling process. The cooling process of the cable sections also prevents damage to existing also made of plastic insulation of the cable sections due to excessive heat input.

The fully formed, sealed cable feedthrough element 1 (see step VI) has cable channels 3 on, each by a cable 2 to be interspersed. In the area of the cable exit opening 4 kick the cables 2 from the cable feedthrough element 1 out. In the area of the cable exit opening 4 is in particular form-fitting with the material of the cable feedthrough element 1 connected a sealing element 7 arranged, which consists of permanently elastic plastic and that by a sprayed-on jacket element 12 sustained under radially inwardly directed pressure. As a result, a high tightness in the cable outlet opening 4 created the cables that run in it 2 or wires 5 safe from external influences (eg mechanical, thermal or chemical factors).

The cable feedthrough element 1 can z. B. be used as a conventional plug handle. A particularly advantageous use of the cable feedthrough element 1 represents a piezo Aktorfuß, which is used to control the injectors, especially in the diesel injection technology. Due to the piezo actuator foot, the drive lines for the piezo element pass through. A prerequisite for a perfect control of the piezo elements is a high tightness of the control lines in the piezo actuator foot, which is produced by the inventive method.

in the In the field of automotive technology, it is also possible, the cable feedthrough element according to the invention as a spark plug connector train.

1

Grommet

2

electric wire

3

Cabel Canal

4

Cable outlet opening

5

wire

6

external form

7

sealing element

8th

external form

9

inner wall (the outer shape)

10

Surface (of the Sealing element)

11

cavity

12

jacket element

13

undercut

14

recess

15

collar-like element

16

hook-like element

17

undercut

18

Area of the plug contact

19

recess

Claims (23)

Method for sealing a cable ( 2 ) or cable set on / in a cable feedthrough element ( 1 ), whereby the cable ( 1 ) or the cable set at least one cable channel ( 3 ) interspersed and im Area of at least one cable exit opening ( 4 ) from the cable feedthrough element ( 1 ), characterized by the following method steps: a) stripping the cable ( 2 ) or the cable set in an inner region of a sealing element ( 7 ); b) spraying the sealing element ( 7 ) made of permanently elastic plastic, in a first injection process on the region of the cable outlet opening ( 4 ), one from the cable channel ( 3 ) leaving section of the cable ( 2 ) or cable set is encapsulated and the cable channel ( 3 ) is formed stepwise or teilkonisch and at least partially injected with the permanently elastic plastic material; c) placing an outer mold ( 8th ) on the area of the cable outlet opening ( 4 ) such that between the inner wall ( 9 ) the outer shape ( 8th ) and the surface ( 10 ) of the sealing element ( 7 ) a cavity ( 11 ) is formed; d) ejection of the cavity ( 11 ) in a second injection process with a comparatively to the material of the sealing element ( 7 ) harder plastic material such that during the injection process, the an inner moldings forming sealing element ( 7 ) is compressed sustainably; e) forming the jacket element formed by the harder plastic ( 12 ) after its solidification. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that in the region of the cable exit opening ( 4 ) at least one undercut ( 13 ) is arranged, which is injected during the first injection process with the permanently elastic plastic material. Method according to one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that at least one in the cable feedthrough element ( 1 ) reaching into recess ( 14 ) is sprayed during the first injection process with the permanently elastic plastic material. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the cable duct ( 2 ) during the first injection process into the area of a plug contact ( 18 ) is injected. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the sealing element ( 7 ) in the region of the cable exit points a collar-like element ( 15 ) is injected. Method according to claim 5, characterized in that the collar-like element ( 15 ) in a recess of the outer shape ( 8th ) Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that during the second injection process by the harder plastic at least one hook-like element ( 16 ) and / or at least one undercut ( 17 ) on the cable feedthrough element ( 1 ) are sprayed over. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the jacket element formed by the harder plastic ( 12 ) during the curing process with further compression of the sealing element ( 7 ) expands. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that before the second injection process, the sealing element ( 7 ) is subjected to a cooling process. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that by the cooling process in the sealing element ( 7 ) introduced cold energy is such that the temperature in the inner region of the sealing element ( 7 ) is far below the melting temperature of the permanently elastic plastic during the second injection process. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that before the second injection process also from the sealing element ( 7 ) emerging wire sections or cable sections are subjected to a cooling process. Cable feed-through element ( 1 ) with at least one cable channel ( 3 ), whereby at least one cable ( 2 ) or cable set the at least one cable channel ( 3 ) and in the region of at least one cable outlet opening ( 4 ) from the cable feedthrough element ( 1 ), characterized in that the cable duct ( 3 ) is formed stepwise or teilkonisch, in the region of the cable outlet opening ( 4 ) positively with the material of the cable feedthrough element ( 1 ) connected a sealing element ( 7 ) is arranged, which consists of permanently elastic plastic and by a sprayed-on jacket element ( 12 ) is sustainably held under radially inwardly directed pressure, wherein the cable channel ( 3 ) is at least partially filled with the permanently elastic plastic material and the cable ( 2 ) or the cable set in an inner region of the Dichtelemtes ( 7 ) is stripped. Cable bushing element according to claim 12, characterized in that the sprayed-on jacket element ( 12 ) from a comparatively to the material of the sealing element ( 7 ) is made of harder plastic material. Cable feedthrough element according to one of claims 12 or 13, characterized in that in the region of the cable outlet opening ( 4 ) at least one undercut ( 13 ) is arranged, which is filled with the permanently elastic plastic. Cable bushing element according to one of claims 12-14, characterized in that at least one in the cable bushing element ( 1 ) reaching into recess ( 14 ) is provided, which is filled with the permanently elastic plastic. Cable feed-through element according to one of Claims 12-15, characterized in that the cable duct ( 3 ) into the area of a plug contact ( 18 ) with the permanently elastic plastic material around the cable ( 2 ) or to the cable set is filled. Cable bushing element according to one of claims 12-16, characterized in that on the sealing element ( 7 ) in the region of the cable exit point a collar-like element ( 15 ) is provided. Cable bushing element according to claim 17, characterized in that the collar-like element ( 15 ) a component of the sealing element ( 7 ). Cable feedthrough element according to one of Claims 12-18, characterized in that at least one hook-like element ( 16 ) and / or at least one undercut ( 17 ) is provided, which is encapsulated by the harder plastic material. Cable feedthrough element according to one of Claims 12-19, characterized in that the sealing element ( 7 ) and the sprayed-on jacket element ( 12 ) are welded at their surface areas. Use of the cable feedthrough element ( 1 ) according to any one of claims 12-20 as a plug handle. Use of the cable feedthrough element ( 1 ) according to any one of claims 12-20 as a piezo actuator foot. Use of the cable feedthrough element ( 1 ) according to any one of claims 12-20 as a spark plug.