DE10019563A1 - Rear axle for heavy motor vehicles has steering lever with pivot point extending horizontally in direction of travel, and hydraulic actuator acts upon lever and its longitudinal axis runs in vertical transverse plane - Google Patents

Rear axle for heavy motor vehicles has steering lever with pivot point extending horizontally in direction of travel, and hydraulic actuator acts upon lever and its longitudinal axis runs in vertical transverse plane

Info

Publication number
DE10019563A1
DE10019563A1 DE2000119563 DE10019563A DE10019563A1 DE 10019563 A1 DE10019563 A1 DE 10019563A1 DE 2000119563 DE2000119563 DE 2000119563 DE 10019563 A DE10019563 A DE 10019563A DE 10019563 A1 DE10019563 A1 DE 10019563A1
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
rear axle
lever
steering lever
transverse plane
travel
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
DE2000119563
Other languages
German (de)
Inventor
Mathias Eickhoff
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ZF Friedrichshafen AG
Original Assignee
ZF Friedrichshafen AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by ZF Friedrichshafen AG filed Critical ZF Friedrichshafen AG
Priority to DE2000119563 priority Critical patent/DE10019563A1/en
Publication of DE10019563A1 publication Critical patent/DE10019563A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D7/00—Steering linkage; Stub axles or their mountings
    • B62D7/06—Steering linkage; Stub axles or their mountings for individually-pivoted wheels, e.g. on king-pins
    • B62D7/14—Steering linkage; Stub axles or their mountings for individually-pivoted wheels, e.g. on king-pins the pivotal axes being situated in more than one plane transverse to the longitudinal centre line of the vehicle, e.g. all-wheel steering
    • B62D7/142—Steering linkage; Stub axles or their mountings for individually-pivoted wheels, e.g. on king-pins the pivotal axes being situated in more than one plane transverse to the longitudinal centre line of the vehicle, e.g. all-wheel steering specially adapted for particular vehicles, e.g. tractors, carts, earth-moving vehicles, trucks

Abstract

The rear axle for motor vehicles has a steering lever(4) with its pivot point(3) extending horizontally in the direction of travel. A hydraulic actuator(9) acts upon the lever and its longitudinal axis(16) runs in a vertical transverse plane. The actuator and steering lever lie approximately in the same transverse plane. The actuator has a longitudinally movable piston(10) installed in a working cylinder(13) and operating the steering lever.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Hinterachse für Fahrzeuge nach dem Oberbegriff von Anspruch 1.The invention relates to a rear axle for vehicles according to the preamble of claim 1.

Bei Fahrzeugen, deren Hinterachse angetrieben und ge­ lenkt wird, insbesondere bei Omnibussen, wird das Maschi­ nenraumkonzept verfolgt; d. h. der Maschinenraum, in dem sich die Achse und die Antriebseinheit der angetriebenen Hinterachse befinden, ist im Heck des Fahrzeugs vorgesehen. Wenn die Hinterachse mit einer Einzelradaufhängung ausge­ führt ist, sind zur Vermeidung eines ungewollten Eigenlenk­ verhaltens zwei Spurstangen erforderlich, die an einem Lenkhebel angelenkt sind und die Lenkbewegung auf die an der Achse montierten Räder des Fahrzeugs übertragen. Der Lenkhebel ist um eine an der Hinterachse feste Drehachse schwenkbar gelagert, die in der Regel vertikal angeordnet ist.For vehicles whose rear axles are driven and ge is steered, especially with buses, the machine interior space concept pursued; d. H. the engine room in which the axis and the drive unit of the driven Rear axle is located in the rear of the vehicle. If the rear axle with an independent suspension leads to avoid unwanted self-steering Behaviorally two tie rods are required, which on one Steering levers are articulated and the steering movement on the wheels of the vehicle mounted on the axle. The Steering lever is about a fixed axis of rotation on the rear axle pivoted, which are usually arranged vertically is.

Aus der EP 0 834 440 A1 ist eine gelenkte Hinterachse für Schwerfahrzeuge, insbesondere Sattelauflieger, bekannt. Sie besitzt zwei Halbachsen, an denen an jeder Fahrzeugsei­ te mehrere Räder montiert sind und die gegenüber einem Fahrzeugchassis einzeln mittels hydraulischen oder pneuma­ tischen Federelementen abgefedert sind. Die Räder können über ein Lenkgestänge gelenkt werden, das aus Radlenkern, die an Radnaben angreifen, Spurstangen und einem Lenkhebel besteht. Der Lenkhebel ist um eine vertikale Achse schwenk­ bar gelagert und über die Spurstangen mit den Spurhebeln gelenkig verbunden. Zum Betätigen des Lenkhebels sind zu beiden Seiten der Drehachse Betätigungsstangen an ihm ange­ lenkt. Die Stangen führen über mehrere Achsen, so dass meh­ rere hintereinander liegende Achsen gelenkt werden können.A steered rear axle is known from EP 0 834 440 A1 for heavy vehicles, especially semitrailers, known. It has two semi-axles, on each vehicle egg te several wheels are mounted and opposite one Vehicle chassis individually using hydraulic or pneuma table spring elements are cushioned. The wheels can be steered via a steering linkage that consists of wheel links, that attack wheel hubs, tie rods and a steering lever consists. The steering lever is pivoted about a vertical axis stored bar and over the tie rods with the track levers articulated. To operate the steering lever are too actuating rods attached to it on both sides of the axis of rotation  directs. The rods run over several axes, so that meh Several axles in a row can be steered.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine gat­ tungsgemäße Hinterachse in Fahrtrichtung kurz zu gestalten. Sie wird gemäß der Erfindung durch die Merkmale des An­ spruchs 1 gelöst. Weitere Ausgestaltungen ergeben sich aus den Unteransprüchen.The invention has for its object a gat short rear axle in the direction of travel. It is according to the invention by the features of the An spell 1 solved. Further configurations result from the subclaims.

Nach der Erfindung wird vorgeschlagen, dass die Dreh­ achse des Lenkhebels im wesentlichen waagerecht in Fahrt­ richtung des Fahrzeugs verläuft. Dadurch ergeben sich er­ hebliche Bauraumvorteile, z. B. verbleibt in der Achsmitte Platz für einen Achsmittenantrieb usw. Ferner verkürzt sich der Bauraum der Hinterachse in Längsrichtung des Fahrzeugs, so dass der hintere Überhang, insbesondere bei Omnibussen, kurz gehalten werden kann oder, falls die Lenkhebel vor der Achse angeordnet sind, der Fahrgastraum möglichst lang ge­ halten werden kann. Dadurch wird die Manövrierbarkeit des Fahrzeugs verbessert.According to the invention it is proposed that the rotation axis of the steering lever essentially horizontally in motion Direction of the vehicle runs. This results in it considerable advantages in terms of installation space, e.g. B. remains in the center of the axis Space for an axle center drive, etc. Also shortened the installation space of the rear axle in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle, so the rear overhang, especially on buses, can be kept short or if the steering lever in front of the Axis are arranged, the passenger compartment as long as possible can be held. This will make the Vehicle improved.

Die Hinterachse wird häufig über einen durch Fremd­ kraft betätigten Aktuator zwangsweise gelenkt. Dabei ist es zweckmäßig, dass der Aktuator mit seiner Längsrichtung in einer im wesentlichen vertikalen Querebene angeordnet ist. Um mit wenig Übertragungselementen auszukommen, liegen in vorteilhafter Weise der Aktuator und der Lenkhebel in der gleichen Ebene.The rear axle is often used by someone else forcibly steered by means of the actuated actuator. It is expedient that the actuator with its longitudinal direction in a substantially vertical transverse plane is arranged. To get by with few transmission elements, are in advantageously the actuator and the steering lever in the same level.

Als Aktuatoren eignen sich hydraulische, pneumatische und elektrische. Werden pneumatische oder hydraulische Ak­ tuatoren verwendet, die einen in einem Arbeitszylinder in Längsrichtung verschiebbaren Kolben besitzen, liegt die Längsrichtung in der vertikalen Querebene parallel oder unter einem Winkel zur Aufstandsfläche der Räder.Hydraulic, pneumatic are suitable as actuators and electrical. Are pneumatic or hydraulic Ak tuators used in a cylinder in Have longitudinally displaceable pistons, is the  Longitudinal direction in the vertical transverse plane parallel or at an angle to the footprint of the wheels.

Weitere Vorteile ergeben sich aus der folgenden Zeich­ nungsbeschreibung. In der Zeichnung ist ein Ausführungsbei­ spiel der Erfindung dargestellt. Die Beschreibung und die Ansprüche enthalten zahlreiche Merkmale in Kombination. Der Fachmann wird die Merkmale zweckmäßigerweise auch einzeln betrachten und zu sinnvollen weiteren Kombinationen zusam­ menfassen.Further advantages result from the following drawing description. In the drawing is an execution example shown game of the invention. The description and the Claims contain numerous features in combination. The Those skilled in the art will expediently also individually consider and together to useful further combinations grasp.

Es zeigt:It shows:

Fig. 1 eine schematische Ansicht in Vorwärtsfahrt­ richtung einer erfindungsgemäßen Hinterachse und Fig. 1 is a schematic view in the forward direction of a rear axle and

Fig. 2 eine Variante mit einem Doppelquerlenker in einer Teilansicht. Fig. 2 shows a variant with a double wishbone in a partial view.

Die gezeigte Hinterachse 1 besitzt zwei Räder 2, die einzeln in nicht näher dargestellter Weise an einem Fahr­ zeugchassis aufgehängt und um eine Schwenkachse schwenkbar gelagert sind. Es können auch mehr Räder an einer Achse angeordnet sein. Mit den Rädern 2 sind Spurhebel 7 verbun­ den, über die der Einschlagwinkel der Räder 2 verändert werden kann. Jeweils eine Spurstange 6 verbindet einen Spurhebel 7 gelenkig mit einem Lenkhebel 4, der um eine Drehachse 3 schwenkbar gelagert ist. Die Drehachse 3 ver­ läuft im wesentlichen waagerecht in Fahrtrichtung des Fahr­ zeugs, also senkrecht zur Zeichenebene. Somit schwenkt der plattenförmig gestaltete Lenkhebel 4 in einer im wesentli­ chen vertikalen Querebene. The rear axle 1 shown has two wheels 2 , which are individually suspended from a vehicle chassis in a manner not shown and are pivotally mounted about a pivot axis. More wheels can also be arranged on one axle. With the wheels 2 , track levers 7 are connected via which the turning angle of the wheels 2 can be changed. In each case a tie rod 6 connects a track lever 7 in an articulated manner to a steering lever 4 which is pivotally mounted about an axis of rotation 3 . The axis of rotation 3 ver runs essentially horizontally in the direction of travel of the vehicle, ie perpendicular to the plane of the drawing. Thus, the plate-shaped steering lever 4 pivots in a wesentli Chen vertical transverse plane.

Der Lenkhebel 4 besitzt zwei Gelenke 5 für die Spur­ stangen 6 und ein Gelenk 15, an dem ein Aktuator 9 in Form eines hydraulischen oder pneumatischen Aktuators angreift. Der Aktuator 9 besitzt einen Arbeitszylinder 13, in dem ein Kolben 10 in Längsrichtung 16 verschiebbar angeordnet ist. Die Längsrichtung 16 liegt bei der ausgezogenen Version senkrecht zur Aufstandsfläche 17 der Räder 2. Gestrichelt ist eine horizontale Lage des Aktuators 9 eingezeichnet. Je nach Einbauverhältnissen sind auch andere Einbaulagen des Aktuators in der gewählten Querebene möglich. Der Arbeits­ zylinder 13 ist über eine Stange 14 und das Gelenk 15 mit dem Lenkhebel 4 verbunden, während der Kolben 10 über eine Kolbenstange 11 an deren freien Ende 12 an einem Teil der Hinterachse 1 in nicht näher dargestellter Weise befestigt ist.The steering lever 4 has two joints 5 for the track rods 6 and a joint 15 on which an actuator 9 engages in the form of a hydraulic or pneumatic actuator. The actuator 9 has a working cylinder 13 in which a piston 10 is arranged to be displaceable in the longitudinal direction 16 . In the extended version, the longitudinal direction 16 is perpendicular to the contact surface 17 of the wheels 2 . A horizontal position of the actuator 9 is shown in dashed lines. Depending on the installation conditions, other installation positions of the actuator in the selected transverse plane are also possible. The working cylinder 13 is connected via a rod 14 and the joint 15 to the steering lever 4 , while the piston 10 is attached via a piston rod 11 at its free end 12 to a part of the rear axle 1 in a manner not shown.

Bei der Ausführung nach Fig. 2 ist ein Doppelquerlen­ ker 19 an einer Radnabe 20 angelenkt. In the embodiment according to FIG. 2, a double transverse link 19 is articulated on a wheel hub 20 .

Bezugszeichenreference numeral

11

Hinterachse
Rear axle

22

Rad
wheel

33rd

Drehachse
Axis of rotation

44

Lenkhebel
Steering lever

55

Gelenk
joint

66

Spurstange
Tie rod

77

Spurhebel
Track lever

88th

Radachse
Wheel axle

99

Aktuator
Actuator

1010th

Kolben
piston

1111

Kolbenstange
Piston rod

1212th

freies Ende
free end

1313

Arbeitszylinder
Working cylinder

1414

Stange
pole

1515

Gelenk
joint

1616

Längsrichtung
Longitudinal direction

1717th

Aufstandsfläche
Footprint

1818th

Schwenkachse
Swivel axis

1919th

Doppelquerlenker
Double wishbone

2020th

Radnabe
wheel hub

Claims (4)

1. Hinterachse (1) für Fahrzeuge, deren Räder (2) über einen um eine Drehachse (3) schwenkbaren Lenkhebel (4) und daran angelenkte Spurstangen (6) lenkbar sind, wobei der Lenkhebel (4) und die Spurstangen (6) in Vorwärtsfahrtrich­ tung des Fahrzeugs hinter oder vor der Hinterachse (1) an­ geordnet sind, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Drehachse (3) im wesentlichen waagerecht in Fahrt­ richtung verläuft.1. Rear axle ( 1 ) for vehicles, the wheels ( 2 ) of which can be steered via a steering lever ( 4 ) pivotable about an axis of rotation ( 3 ) and tie rods ( 6 ) articulated thereon, the steering lever ( 4 ) and the tie rods ( 6 ) being in Forward driving direction of the vehicle are arranged behind or in front of the rear axle ( 1 ), characterized in that the axis of rotation ( 3 ) runs essentially horizontally in the direction of travel. 2. Hinterachse (1) nach Anspruch 1, dadurch ge­ kennzeichnet, dass ein Aktuator (9) am Lenk­ hebel (4) angreift und seine Längsrichtung (16) im wesent­ lichen in einer vertikalen Querebene verläuft.2. rear axle ( 1 ) according to claim 1, characterized in that an actuator ( 9 ) on the steering lever ( 4 ) engages and its longitudinal direction ( 16 ) extends in union union in a vertical transverse plane. 3. Hinterachse (1) nach Anspruch 2, dadurch ge­ kennzeichnet, dass ein Aktuator (9) und der Lenkhebel (4) annähernd in der gleichen Querebene liegen.3. rear axle ( 1 ) according to claim 2, characterized in that an actuator ( 9 ) and the steering lever ( 4 ) are approximately in the same transverse plane. 4. Hinterachse (1) nach Anspruch 2 oder 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass ein hydraulischer Ak­ tuator (9), der einen in einem Arbeitszylinder (13) in Längsrichtung (16) verschiebbaren Kolben (10) besitzt, am Lenkhebel (4) angreift.4. Rear axle ( 1 ) according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that a hydraulic actuator ( 9 ) which has a piston ( 10 ) which is displaceable in a longitudinal direction ( 16 ) in a working cylinder ( 13 ) engages on the steering lever ( 4 ) .
DE2000119563 2000-04-20 2000-04-20 Rear axle for heavy motor vehicles has steering lever with pivot point extending horizontally in direction of travel, and hydraulic actuator acts upon lever and its longitudinal axis runs in vertical transverse plane Withdrawn DE10019563A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE2000119563 DE10019563A1 (en) 2000-04-20 2000-04-20 Rear axle for heavy motor vehicles has steering lever with pivot point extending horizontally in direction of travel, and hydraulic actuator acts upon lever and its longitudinal axis runs in vertical transverse plane

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE2000119563 DE10019563A1 (en) 2000-04-20 2000-04-20 Rear axle for heavy motor vehicles has steering lever with pivot point extending horizontally in direction of travel, and hydraulic actuator acts upon lever and its longitudinal axis runs in vertical transverse plane

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
DE10019563A1 true DE10019563A1 (en) 2001-10-25

Family

ID=7639424

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
DE2000119563 Withdrawn DE10019563A1 (en) 2000-04-20 2000-04-20 Rear axle for heavy motor vehicles has steering lever with pivot point extending horizontally in direction of travel, and hydraulic actuator acts upon lever and its longitudinal axis runs in vertical transverse plane

Country Status (1)

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Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2862938A1 (en) * 2003-12-02 2005-06-03 Renault Sas Axle for motor vehicle, has safety maintenance device mounted coaxial with displacement arm of actuator and independent of actuator, and maintaining displacement arm in given position if actuator fails
FR2862937A1 (en) * 2003-12-02 2005-06-03 Renault Sas Motor vehicle`s axle, has common linkage with cross-bar controlled by linear actuator that includes rotating motor and rotation movement conversion assembly aligned with axis of displacement arm
EP1538066A1 (en) 2003-12-02 2005-06-08 Renault Vehicle axle actuator comprising an electric motor with external rotor and vehicle axle steered by said actuator
JP2012131260A (en) * 2010-12-20 2012-07-12 Yanmar Co Ltd Steering device of tractor
WO2012126510A1 (en) * 2011-03-21 2012-09-27 4Power4 Sprl Steering mechanism
CN108082280A (en) * 2018-01-22 2018-05-29 湖南星邦重工有限公司 A kind of walking chassis and the high-altitude operation vehicle with the walking chassis
CN112078657A (en) * 2019-06-15 2020-12-15 丰疆智能科技股份有限公司 Agricultural machine and automatic steering device and automatic steering method thereof
WO2024037856A1 (en) * 2022-08-18 2024-02-22 Knorr-Bremse Systeme für Nutzfahrzeuge GmbH Steering device for a vehicle, vehicle, and method for operating a steering device
DE102022210113A1 (en) 2022-09-26 2024-03-28 Zf Friedrichshafen Ag Steering axle for an industrial truck and industrial truck with the steering axle

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3540754A (en) * 1967-05-23 1970-11-17 Nsu Motorenwerke Ag Motor vehicle steering mechanism
DE3912772C2 (en) * 1989-04-19 1994-05-19 Daimler Benz Ag Steering device for passenger cars
DE19526289A1 (en) * 1995-07-19 1997-01-23 Horsch Maschinen Gmbh Steering shaft for agricultural multi-purpose vehicle with extra-wide tyres and deeply located frame

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3540754A (en) * 1967-05-23 1970-11-17 Nsu Motorenwerke Ag Motor vehicle steering mechanism
DE3912772C2 (en) * 1989-04-19 1994-05-19 Daimler Benz Ag Steering device for passenger cars
DE19526289A1 (en) * 1995-07-19 1997-01-23 Horsch Maschinen Gmbh Steering shaft for agricultural multi-purpose vehicle with extra-wide tyres and deeply located frame

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2862938A1 (en) * 2003-12-02 2005-06-03 Renault Sas Axle for motor vehicle, has safety maintenance device mounted coaxial with displacement arm of actuator and independent of actuator, and maintaining displacement arm in given position if actuator fails
FR2862937A1 (en) * 2003-12-02 2005-06-03 Renault Sas Motor vehicle`s axle, has common linkage with cross-bar controlled by linear actuator that includes rotating motor and rotation movement conversion assembly aligned with axis of displacement arm
EP1538066A1 (en) 2003-12-02 2005-06-08 Renault Vehicle axle actuator comprising an electric motor with external rotor and vehicle axle steered by said actuator
EP1538067A1 (en) * 2003-12-02 2005-06-08 Renault Vehicle axle and actuator for said axle
WO2005056368A1 (en) * 2003-12-02 2005-06-23 Renault S.A.S. Axle for motor vehicle comprising a safety device for an arm that is used to control one such axle, and associated control assembly
EP1538066B1 (en) * 2003-12-02 2009-04-01 Renault Vehicle axle actuator comprising an electric motor with external rotor and vehicle axle steered by said actuator
JP2012131260A (en) * 2010-12-20 2012-07-12 Yanmar Co Ltd Steering device of tractor
WO2012126510A1 (en) * 2011-03-21 2012-09-27 4Power4 Sprl Steering mechanism
CN108082280A (en) * 2018-01-22 2018-05-29 湖南星邦重工有限公司 A kind of walking chassis and the high-altitude operation vehicle with the walking chassis
CN112078657A (en) * 2019-06-15 2020-12-15 丰疆智能科技股份有限公司 Agricultural machine and automatic steering device and automatic steering method thereof
WO2024037856A1 (en) * 2022-08-18 2024-02-22 Knorr-Bremse Systeme für Nutzfahrzeuge GmbH Steering device for a vehicle, vehicle, and method for operating a steering device
DE102022210113A1 (en) 2022-09-26 2024-03-28 Zf Friedrichshafen Ag Steering axle for an industrial truck and industrial truck with the steering axle

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