DD291684A5 - MEANS TO INCREASE THE PRODUCTIVITY OF AGRICULTURAL-GAERTNERIC PLANTS - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a means for increasing the productivity of agriculturally fermented crops. Field of application are agriculture and horticulture. The erfindungsgemäaeszen means consist of natural or synthetic phytohormones from the group z. As the auxins, cytokinins, gibberellins and abscisins including their synthetic analogues and wirkaehnlicher compounds and / or growth regulators such. As substituted ureas, triazoles, PhenoxyalkylcarbonsÄuren or Strigole, in combination with trace elements, such as. B. Boron * Copper * Iron * Manganese * Zinc * The hormone-like active ingredients are used at a rate of 5-15 mg per ml in aqueous solution at p H * the trace elements in foliar application of 2-20 g / 100 m2 / 100 liters of water. Optionally, surfactants, emulsifiers or chelating agents are added. phytohormones; Growth regulators; Trace elements; Agriculture and horticulture}

Description

Field of application of the invention

The invention relates to a means for increasing the productivity of agricultural and horticultural crops by combining phytohormones and / or synthetic growth regulators with trace elements. Fields of application are all areas of plant production within agriculture and horticulture.

Characteristic of the known state of the art

1. General information about the general effects of phytohormones and growth regulators. E. LIBBERT: Textbook of Plant Physiology, 4th ed. (Ig., VEB Gustav Fischer Verlag, JENA 1987.

Trace elements can be found in H. J. FIEDLER & H. J. RÖSSLER: trace elements in the environment, VEB Gustav Fischer Verlag, JENA 1987.

The mechanism of action of trace elements or their interactions with enzymes of synthesis, degradation or transfer of phytohormones is still largely unclear.

There are additives of trace elements from DE-OS 3417133 (E.ROBERT, W. KOHL, B.KLOTH, M. JASHKOWITZ and M. SCHROEDER: fertilizers targeted Blattlangzeitapplikation) and DE-OS 3635805 (Th.WEICHELT: Manageable in solid form fertilizer body ) known. These are merely methods for more effective plant nutrition.

2. Little is known about interactions between phytohormones and growth regulators on the one hand and trace elements on the other hand.

Insights are available that the growth of berry-like fruits by cytokinins or phytohormones in general is promoted (see E. LIBBERT: textbook of plant physiology, VEB Gustav Fischer Verlag, JENA 1987, p 233 ff.).

Object of the invention

The aim of the invention is to increase the productivity of agricultural and horticultural crops in the field, in the greenhouse under glass and plastic in substrate or hydroponics culture, and to effect regulation of growth and differentiation.

Explanation of the essence of the invention

The invention has for its object to provide means that increase the productivity of crops of any kind by foliar application of phytohormones and / or growth regulators in combination with targeted trace element addition.

The compositions according to the invention consist of aqueous solutions buffered to pH 6.0-6.5, natural or synthetic phytohormones from the group of auxins, cytokinines, abscisins, jasmonic acid derivatives, gibberellin and / or synthetic growth regulators, such as e.g. substituted ureas, Phonoxyalkylcarbonsäuren.Triazole or Strigole in an amount of 5-15pg / ml, optionally 0.1-0.5% surfactants, emulsifiers or chelating agents and trace elements such. Boron (B), copper (Cu), iron (Fe), manganese (Mn) and / or zinc (Zn). The funds are added to the leaves or the roots of the plants.

The amount of trace elements in the foliar application is 7.5-10, Og / 100m ² / 100l water; for soil application you use the Bfache quantity.

Preferred agents consist of aqueous solutions of:

(1) Ethrel (2-chloroethylphosphonic acid) or Flordimex, 50 to 10OOppm, combined with 2-15 g of boron and / or 5-7.5 g / 100 l of Fe (III) -EDTA (cf claims 2 and 3),

(2) natural and / or synthetic cytokinins, such as. As zeatin, kinetin, benzyladenine, substituted phenylureas or triazoles (see claim 4 and 5) in application rates between 5-250 ppm in combination with 5-10g / 10Om ² trace elements such. As iron or boron.

(3) Auxin (indolyl-3-acetic acid, 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid), 10-1 OOppm, with 5-7.5 g / 100m ² , Fe, Zn, Cu and optionally further trace elements with the addition of nitrogen, phosphorus , Nitrogen-phosphorus or nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium in expenditure terms between 75-150 kg / ha (see claim 1 and 6).

The agents (1) increase the number of female flowers and reduce the number of male, e.g. with cucumbers. Compared with known means results in an increase of 10%.

The means according to (2) are applied to the developing inflorescences, such. As in the tomato, or berry-like single fruits, such. As greenhouse cucumbers, directly income-producing. Their application yields increased by 7.5-12.5%, whereby the influence of the cultivation and production conditions must not be overlooked.

Soil application of growth regulators of the group (2) has no effect on the development of the fruit, a delays in comparison to the spray technique, but occasionally also a high effect. The application of the funds is adapted to the appropriate crop. So this z. As in cucumbers at 4-5 leaf stage, in tomatoes at the appearance of the

1. Inflorescence, in clove cuttings immediately after rooting, once or several times, at a maximum of 2-4wöchtigem distance.

With the agents according to the invention, a surprisingly high productivity increase of about 5-15% is achieved depending on the plant species.

Execution Roller Plane Example 1

Table 1: Regulation of flower and fruit numbers and yields by combined foliar application of 2-chloroethylphosphonic (Ethrel, Flordimex) with trace elements of the open-air tomato Lycopersicon esculentumcv. Harzfeuer.-Plant Date: 17.5.1988,10 plants per experiment.

Flower number fruit number

per plant per plant

untreated control 21 17

a 28 21

b 32 25

Application of 50 ppm chloroethylphosphonic acid with 5 g / 100 m ² Fe (III) EDTA (a) or with 5 g / 100 m ² Fe (III) EDTA + ² g / 100 m ² boron (b). - Development stage of the first inflorescence: 7 mm.

Example 2

Application of the cucumber cotyledon assays (G.SEMBDNER, G. SCHNEIDER and K. SCHREIBER: Methods for Plant Hormone Analysis, VEB Gustav Fischer Verlag, JENA 1988), 10 cotyledons per vessel, duration of the experiment: 5 d at 22 ^C C. media: 10 ^"e · mol 1" ¹ zeatin in combination with 10- ⁶ mol-r'Fe (a) bzw.Zn (b)

Variant cotyledon fresh mass in% of untreated control

0 1 3 5d

a 100 102 104 107

b 100 103 106 112

Claims (6)

1. means for increasing the productivity of agricultural and horticultural crops by combining phytohormones and / or synthetic growth regulators with trace elements, characterized in that these from an aqueous solution of phytohormones and / or synthetic growth regulators, pH 6.0-6.5, in in an amount of 5-15 μg / ml, trace elements such as boron (B), copper (Cu), iron (Fe), manganese (Mn) and / or zinc (Zn) for foliar application in an amount of 2-20g / 100 l, for soil application in an amount of 2-20g / 100l, for soil application 5 times, and optionally 0.1-0.5% surfactants, emulsifiers and / or chelating agents. Composition according to claim 1, characterized in that it consists of an aqueous solution of 50-100 ppm Ethrel or another senescence accelerator and 5-7.5 g / 100 l Fe (IH) EDTA for foliar application. 3. A composition according to claim 1, characterized gekennzeichnot that it consists of an aqueous solution of 50-1 OOOppm Ethrel or other senescence accelerator, 5-7.5g / 100l Fe (III) EDTA and 2-15g / 100l boron for foliar application , 4. Composition according to claim 1, characterized in that it consists of an aqueous solution of 5-250 ppm cytokinin or cytokinin-like acting growth regulators, such as zeatin, substituted phenylureas, triazoles or strigoles and 5-10g / 100l iron for foliar application. 5. Composition according to claim 1 and 4, characterized in that it contains as trace element 5-10g / 1001 zinc for foliar application. 6. Composition according to claim 1, characterized in that it consists of an aqueous solution of 10-100ppm auxin and 5-7.5g / 100l iron, zinc or copper with the addition of nitrogen, phosphorus, nitrogen-phosphorus or nitrogen-phosphorus Potassium in an amount of 75-150 kg / ha for foliar application.