DD221059A1 - AGENT FOR SPONSORING, INCREASING EARNINGS AND PERFORMANCE STABILIZATION OF SUGAR TUBE - Google Patents

Abstract

It is the object of the invention to achieve a maturing acceleration in sugarcane and, associated therewith, an improvement in yield as well as a stabilization of yield. According to the invention, before, during or after the beginning of the physiological maturity, means are applied which contain compounds of the general formula I. The sucrose content in the sugarcane and the purity of the juice are thereby significantly increased. At the same time, by the application of these compounds before, during or after occurrence of unfavorable weather influences or before or after the occurrence of physiological processes that lead to the decrease of the sucrose content in the tube, a stabilization of the yield is effected. The significance of this invention is, above all, that by using the compositions according to the invention, the sugar yield per unit area is increased more than by the growth regulators used hitherto. Fig. 1

Description

Maturing agent, yield improvement and sugarcane yield stabilization

The invention relates to means for maturation acceleration, Ertra.gs improvement and yield stabilization in sugar cane ·

Field of application of the invention

The invention has significance for agriculture, especially

for the sugarcane] per unit area.

for the sugarcane cultivation, and serves "the sugar production increase

Characteristic of the known technical solutions · At Zuckerröhr the maturation period lasts about 3 months. To achieve higher sugar yields various growth regulators were used to accelerate maturation (Nickeil, in: F. Skoog (ed.) Plant Growth Substances 1979, p 419, Springer Verlag, Berlin 1980; D. Wagenbreth and authors collective: effects and uses of growth regulators in the Part 1: Active substances, Part 2: Areas of application, progress reports for the agriculture and food industry 1 £, H. 5, p. 29, H. 6, p. 39, Berlin 1981). For technical, economic and legal reasons, only glyphosine (N, N-bis- (phosphonomethyl) -glycine) and ethephon (2-chloroethylphosphonic acid) have hitherto been used in practice (Rostron, Proc. XV.Congr. ISSCT 1974, 953 | Bpstron et al., Proc. Ann. Gongr. SASTA 1976, 87; Sweet, Proc XVI Gongr ISSGT 1977, 1619; Garcia et al., Proc XVI Congr. ISS CT., 1977, 193D * Depends on the sugarcane variety and the environmental factors were increased by 5-25 %

(Nickeil, in: Kirk-Othmer, Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology, Vol. 18, p. 1, 3rd ed., John Wiley & Sons, 1982). An increase in sugar yield was also achieved by promoting shoot growth. Treatment with gibberellic acid (Nickeil, in Skoog (ed.) Plant Growth Substances 1979, p. 449, Springer Verlag, Berlin 1,980} Moore and Ginoza, Crop. Sci., 20, 78 (1980)),

The application of glyphosine often leads to growth inhibition, whereby a green mass reduction per unit area occurs in comparison to the untreated plants. This effect partly compensates for the increase in sugar content caused by ripening (Gosnell, Proc. Monsanto Sugarcane Bipener Seminar, Orlando, Fla., USA 1976, 135, Bozeff, ibid, 192). The positive influence on the sucrose content in the well, caused by treatment with ethephon, is notable under unfavorable natural conditions, but not fully satisfactory in practice. "When gibberellic acid is used, the increase in yield is

    ... [·. ·

highly dependent on the species.

Object of the invention

It is the object of this invention to achieve an improvement in yield, in particular a sugar yield increase per unit area, and a yield stabilization in the case of sugarcane by means of an acceleration of acceleration, and at the same time by an improvement in the uniting of the juice, i. the percentage of sucrose in the total soluble carbohydrate content to provide the basis for increased industrial yield.

Explanation of the outcome of the invention ;

The invention is therefore based on the object to develop means by the application of the sucrose content in the sugar cane and the purity of the juice are increased and a weather and physiologically induced sucrose content decrease is prevented in the drilling.

According to the invention, funds are used to accelerate acceleration, to improve yields and to stabilize the yield of sugarcane.

containing as active ingredient a compound of the general formula I in addition to customary auxiliaries and additives In the general formula I, B ^{1 is} O or H and OHj E ^{2 is} OH, OM (with M s alkali metal or NH 4), NHE ^ or 0Β% E ^ for H ^ acyl, alkyl or aryl; E ^ for alkyl or arylj B ^ and E in each case for H or together for a double bond The substituents on C-1, 0-2 and C-3 can both And / or can be permanently arranged as active ingredient in the inventive compositions are preferably jasmonic acid, dihydro;) asmonic acid and 2-1sojasmonic acid and the salts or esters of these acids *

The customary auxiliaries and additives contained in the agents according to the invention are, in particular, liquid or solid diluents and / or surface-active substances. The decisive factor for achieving the effect is that the active ingredients are combined with suitable dispersants or carriers to ensure optimum penetration into the plant body.

In addition, the active ingredient in the compositions of the invention may be used in combination with other active ingredients, e.g. be with growth regulators such as ethephon, glyphosine or gibberellic acid, but also with herbicides, fertilizers, pesticides and / or soil improvers formulated or 'applied together with them.

The compositions according to the invention are prepared by mixing a compound of general formula I with the additives and are then in the form of solutions, emulsions, suspensions, pastes, powders or granules. The active ingredient is used in the form of its formulations or the preparation forms prepared therefrom or its mixtures with other components in a conventional manner, e.g. by pouring, spraying, spraying, misting or dusts. The application is generally to the above-ground parts of plants,

In the case of new means of accelerating and improving sugar cane yield, the plants are treated before, during or after the beginning of the physiological period. In order to achieve a yield stabilization, the application is carried out before, during or after occurrence of unfavorable weather conditions.

Influences "or before or after the occurrence of physiological processes that lead to the decrease of the sucrose content in Bohr by.

The active compounds of the general formula I are applied at application rates of 10.5 g / ha, preferably in aqueous solutions or suspensions (5-2000.l / ha) with or without the addition of wetting agents, one to three times Generally, an application suffices.

Depending on the type of sugarcane and the environmental factors, the use of the agents according to the invention increases the sucrose content in the sugarcane juice by 5-30 % and improves the purity of the juice (see _exemplary embodiments). The positive influence of these parameters is consistent with a maturing acceleration which increases can be detected as growth promotion in young developmental stages (see Example 3). For this reason, no reduction of the pipe yield per area © occurs. An essential reason for the sucrose content increase in the sugar cane is that an application of the agents according to the invention results in an increase in the activity of the neutral invertase (see Example 3) and thus promotes the accumulation of sucrose in the maturing sugar cane. The result is a ZUGkerertragssteigerung per unit area. For the same reason, there is no sucrose degradation in the pipe due to unfavorable physiological or weathering influences, so that the yield is stabilized. The sucrose hydrolysed by the acidic invertase in immature tissues is predominantly used by the plant to generate energy for the growth processes.

The content and purity of the juice are more favorably influenced by compounds of the general formula I than by the growth regulators glyphosine and ethephon used hitherto / commercially. For example, the effect of ethephon on positively influencing the sucrose content under unfavorable sugarcane ripening conditions is exceeded by the use of jasmic acid. "Reduction of green mass per unit area."

as it is caused by glyphosine, does not occur. The compositions according to the invention can be used with different types of sugarcane and treatment appointments.

The invention is explained in more detail by the following exemplary embodiments. ι

embodiments

Changes in the sugar content and the degree of purity of the Zückerrohrpreßsaftes under the influence of various growth regulators in the variety 'Cuba 8751 *

For these studies, about 7 months old sugarcane plants of the variety * Cuba 8751 ^{1 were} used, planted in plots of 5 x 1.6 m. The application was carried out on December 23, 1982. In addition to the potassium salt of jasmonic acid in amounts of 0.53 and 1.1 kg / ha in aqueous solution with the addition of a wetting agent (Wolfen E 0.01 %) were present in the Large-scale production used growth regulators Polaris (85 % active substance glyphosine) and Plordimex (42 % active substance ethephon) in the usual application rates of 4 · kg / na or · 1.5 l / ha applied · In the juice of the sugar cane, the sugar content was determined polar! Metric and The total content of all carbohydrates soluble in the juice (Brix grade) was measured by refractometry, the values given are mean values of 3 repetitions (Table 1) .These two values can be used to calculate the total sucrose content (% Pol in juice) of SCHMITZ and HÖHNE. Calculate the degree of purity of the juice as a percentage of sucrose in the total content of soluble carbohydrates (Table 2), which significantly influences the sugar yield in large-scale industrial production timmt.

Sugarcane plants of the variety Jaronu 60-5 'were used in an analogous manner to Example 1 and treated with the same growth regulators and application rates. The contents of sucrose and soluble carbohydrates are tabulated in Table 3. The unit of juice is given in Tab. 4.

Be i spjiele_'1_und _ii _ _> 2_.

Under adverse natural Eeifebedingungen (unusually heavy precipitation, high humidity, high temperatures) were by the application of potassium jasmonate both the Saocharosegehalt and the purity of the juice positively influenced. In the higher concentration (1.1 kg / ha), this effect was significantly better for each sampling date than for the comparison substances Polaris and FlordimeX. The potassium; lances asmonat treated) Pf showed no damage or wax _t tumsdepressionen. ν

Beis £ ie_l_3_

Changes in length increase and invertase activity under the influence of various growth regulators

Under natural environmental conditions, young sugarcane cuttings of the variety 'Jarohu 60-5 × six weeks after budding received different concentrations of various active ingredients (5 / ug gibberellic acid, 25 / ug jasmonic acid and 250 / ug flordimex) in 50 / μl of a Tween-20 solution (0.05 %) to the leaf base of the 2nd leaf. After one week, the length increase and the invertase activity were determined (Table 5). The length data (from the first leaf to the tip of the longest leaf) and invertase activities (according to HOSTETTLEK et al., 1951, Helvetica Chim. Acta 34, 2132) are mean values. from 8 determinations.

Table 1 12.23. (Applic.) % Pole 7.1. in the juice 24.1. 7.2. 23.2. 12.23. (Applic.) 7.1. Grade Brix 24.1. 7.2. 23.2. "S ^^ sampling ^^^ <te2? Niine Var iante *" "" \ ^^ 4.55 6.87 8.91 11.13 13.39 9.3 11.03 12.83 13.66 16.47 Control (untreated) 6.01 8.34 11.13 12.05 13.37 10.5 12.38 14.31 14 _r 61 16.46 Polaris (4 kg / ha) 5.07 8.25 8.60 10,90 13.59 9.7 12.52 12.85 13.74 16.29 Flordimex (1.5 fe / ha) '5.92 7.24 10.88 11.57 13.36 10.2 11.04 14.41 13.66 16.70 K-Jasmonate (0.53 kg / ha) 4.13 8.56 10.49 11.89 13.97 9.2 12.58 14.01 13.80 16,90 K-Jasmonate (1.1 kg / ha)

Table 2

Purity {%) JProbenahme-term 23 · 12. 7.1. 24.1. 7.2. 23.2.

variant

Control Polaris Flordimex K-Jasonate

(0.53 K jasmone (1.1 kg / ha)

49 62 69 81 81 57 67 78 82 81 52 66 67 79 83 58 66 76 85 80

68

75

Table 3 (see p. 9)

Table 4

Purity grade (%)

Sampling dates 23.12. 7.1. 24.1. 7.2. 23.2 «Variant

Control Polaris Flordimex

K-Jasmonate (0.53 kg / na)

K-Jasmonate (1.1 kg / ha)

61 62 74 80 84 56 65 72 82 80 62 70 71 84 85 65 71 76 85 86

56 76

Table 5 Versuoh

Length increase (cm) Specific activity d @ r

acidic neutral invertase

Control ο (without treatment y

± η co 19.45 ± 1.35 43.05 * 1.89

gibberellic acid

(5 / μg / plant) 23.14 ± 1.89

jasmonic

(25 / μg / plant) 16.91-1.15

Flordimex 17.46 - 1.32 55.08 i 0.92 62.20 ί 3.73

38.69 * 1.84 50.43 ± 2.45 45.34 ί 1.11 65.22 ± 3.71

Table 3

12.23. (Applic.) 39 % pole in the juice 7th Second 23rd Second 12.23. (Applic.) Degree Br ix 1. 7th Second 23 .2 _____ ^^ sampling dates variant ~ ^ ~~~ "- ^ _____ ^ 6 01 7.1 • 24th 1. 11 , 37 13 41 , 10.4 7.1. " 24th 46 14 20 15 , 9 Control (untreated) 5, 7, 06 10 68 11 , 93 ' 13 36 10.0 11.37 14 OO 14 53 16 , 74 Polaris (4 kg / ha) 7, 71 10 09 11.39 14

Flordimex (1.5 kg / ha)

K-Jasmonate (0.53 ig / ha)

K-Jasmonate (1,1

6,91 8,56 10,05 12,51 14,90! 11.2 12.24 14.15 14.83 17.52

6,62 8,99 11,47 12,77 14 ~, 32

10.2 12.66 15.00 15.01 16.73

6,08 8,77 11,49 12,85 15 _t O7 10,9 12,75 15,18 15,17 18,42

For this 1 page formulas

Claims (11)

1. means for Beifebesc'hleunigung, yield improvement and yield stabilization in sugar cane, characterized in that they contain as active ingredients compounds of general formula I in addition to customary auxiliaries and additives, wherein in the general formula IH ¹ for O or H and OH; ² for OH, OM (with M s alkali metal or NH *,), NHE ³ or OB ⁴ ; E ³ for H ₉ 2. Composition according to item 1, characterized in that as the active ingredient of aligemeinen formula I jasmonic acid, dihydro;) asmonic acid or 2-isojasmonic acid or salts and / or esters of these acids are applied. 3. Composition according to item 1 or 2, characterized in that they contain in addition to the active ingredient liquid or solid diluents or diluents and / or surface-active substances and optionally further dispersants or carriers. 4. Composition according to one of the items 1 to 3, characterized in that they contain the active ingredient in combination with other growth regulators, herbicides, fertilizers, crop protection and / or soil improvers or used together with, ihaen. -, "''". Acyl, alkyl or aryl; B is alkyl or aryl; -B ^ and B are each H or together are a double bond and the substituents on G-1, C-2 and G-3 te- or ß-constantly arranged. 5. A process for the preparation of the compositions according to any one of items 1 to 4, characterized in that the compound of general formula I is mixed with the additives. 6. The method according to item 5i, characterized in that the compositions are formulated according to one of the items 1 to 4 as a solution, emulsion, suspension, paste, powder or granules * 7 "Use of the means according to one of the items 1 to 4, characterized in that they are used for accelerating acceleration, improving yield and stabilizing the yield of sugarcane. .- puts. , , ·. -. ' '. , · '. ". 8. Use after. Item 7 »characterized in that the means according to one of the items 1 to Λ by pouring, spraying, spraying, misting or dusts are applied. 9 · Use according to point 7 and 8, characterized in that the active substance is applied in application rates of 0.1-, 5 * 0 kg / ha. 10. Use according to items 7 to 9 »characterized in that the application is carried out before, / during or after the beginning of the physiological maturity, 11. Use according to item 7 to 9 _S characterized in that the application before, during or after the occurrence of unfavorable weather conditions or before or after the occurrence of physiological processes that lead to the decrease of the sucrose content in Bohr, is performed.