DD290464A5

DD290464A5 - MECHANICAL DAMPING ELEMENT

Info

Publication number: DD290464A5
Application number: DD33593989A
Authority: DD
Inventors: Helmut Kommernitzky
Original assignee: Veb Transformatoren- Und Roentgenwerk "Hermann Matern",De
Priority date: 1989-12-20
Filing date: 1989-12-20
Publication date: 1991-05-29

Abstract

Die Erfindung betrifft ein mechanisches Daempfungselement fuer Schwingungen, die in erdbebengefaehrdeten Gebieten zwischen dem Fundament und den darauf befindlichen Objekten auftreten. Als Objekte kommen alle einsturzgefaehrdeten Bauwerke, z. B. auch Hochspannungspruefanlagen in Betracht. Die Erfindung besteht darin, dasz die zur schwimmenden Lagerung benutzten Stahlkugeln erfindungsgemaesz ringsum, auszer an der Seite ihrer Laufflaechen, auf der Grundplatte von einem elastisch-plastischen Material umgeben sind, dessen Reibungskoeffizient mit der Kugeloberflaeche relativ gering ist. Dabei ist das Material, vorzugsweise PTFE, in einer Kapsel umschlossen, die nach unten hin eine Sicherungsplatte gegen Herausfallen besitzt und diese an den aeuszeren Eckpunkten des Objektes befestigt. Federn zur Rueckstellung in die Ausgangslage koennen an den Eckpunkten eines das Objekt tragenden Grundrahmens und am Fundament befestigt werden.{Erdbeben; Schwingungen; Daempfung; Objekt; Hochspannungsanlage, schwimmend; Stahlkugeln; Grundplatte; Laufflaeche; PTFE; Kapsel, elastisch; Rueckstellfedern}The invention relates to a mechanical Damping element for vibrations that occur in earthquake-prone areas between the foundation and the objects located thereon. As objects come all collapsed buildings, z. B. also high voltage testing facilities into consideration. The invention consists in that the steel balls used for floating support according to the invention are surrounded all around, on the side of their running surfaces, on the base plate by an elastic-plastic material whose friction coefficient with the ball surface is relatively small. In this case, the material, preferably PTFE, enclosed in a capsule which has downwards a backup plate against falling out and this attached to the aeuszeren corner points of the object. Spring return springs can be attached to the corners of a base frame supporting the object and to the foundation. {Earthquake; vibration; Damping; Object; High voltage system, floating; Steel balls; Base plate; running surface; PTFE; Capsule, elastic; Rueckstellfedern}

Description

Die Erfindung soll nachstehend an Hand eines Ausführungsbeispieles und einer Zeichnung näher erläutert werden. Die Zeichnung zeigt ein mechanisches Dämpfungselement, welches in Gemeinschaft mit weiteren Dämpfungselementen an der Unterseite eines gegen Erdbebenauswirkungen zu schützenden Objektes angebracht ist. Das Objekt ist in der Zeichnung nur als Teil eines Grundrahmens 1 angedeutet. Als solches kommen beispielsweise elektrotechnische Anlagen, wie Hochspannungsprüfanlagen, in Betracht. Der Aufbau des Dämpfungselementes ist einfach und besteht aus einer Stahlkugel 2 die nach unten durch eine Sicherungsplatte 3 gehaltert wird. Die Stahlkugel 2 läuft in einem elastisch-plastischen Material, z. B. PTFE 4, welches sich in einer Kapsel 5 befindet. Die Kugel 1 läuft bei seitlicher Krafteinwirkung auf einer ebenen Grundplatte 6 in jeder horizontalen Richtung, dabei wird zunächst ein Teil der Bewegungsenergie in Verformungsarbeit im PTFE und damit in Wärme umgewandelt. Der Speichereffekt ist durch die elastische Komponente gering, womit auch keine schädlichen Resonanzerscheinungen auftreten können. Es ist auch vorgesehen, jedoch in der Zeichnung nicht dargestellt, Mittel zur Zurückbringung des Objektes an den Ausgangsort bei horizontaler Krafteinwirkung anzubringen, so können beispielsweise Zugfedern am Objekt und an feststehenden Fundamentteilen angebracht werden. Auch die Ausbildung der Lauffläche der Grundplatte 6 als Mulde ist möglich. Dabei wirkt das PTFE dämmend in Bezug auf ein mögliches Schwingverhalten des Objektes.The invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to an embodiment and a drawing. The drawing shows a mechanical damping element which is mounted in common with other damping elements on the underside of an object to be protected against earthquake effects. The object is indicated in the drawing only as part of a base frame 1. As such come, for example, electrical equipment, such as high voltage test systems into consideration. The structure of the damping element is simple and consists of a steel ball 2 which is held down by a locking plate 3. The steel ball 2 runs in an elastic-plastic material, for. B. PTFE 4, which is located in a capsule 5. The ball 1 runs at lateral force on a flat base plate 6 in each horizontal direction, while initially a part of the kinetic energy is converted into deformation work in the PTFE and thus heat. The memory effect is low due to the elastic component, so that no harmful resonance phenomena can occur. It is also envisaged, however, not shown in the drawing, to provide means for returning the object to the starting location with horizontal force, so for example tension springs can be attached to the object and fixed foundation parts. The formation of the tread of the base plate 6 as a trough is possible. In this case, the PTFE acts insulating with respect to a possible vibration behavior of the object.

Claims

1. A mechanical damping element for vibrations occurring in earthquake-prone areas between the foundation and the objects thereon, e.g. High-voltage systems, occur and in addition a base plate (6) is provided, on which arranged at the vertices of the object steel balls (2) can move horizontally, which are surrounded in the direction of movement of resilient material, characterized in that the steel balls (2) round except surrounded on the side of their running surfaces on the base plate (6) by an elastic-plastic material, the coefficient of friction with the ball surface is relatively low, the elastic-plastic material of each capsule (5) is enclosed and supported, which in turn to each attached to the outer Fckpunkten the object.

2. Mechanical damping element according to claim 1, characterized in that finds application as elastic-elastic material PTFE.

3. Mechanical damping element according to claim 2, characterized in that the capsule (4) on its, the tread facing side with a locking plate (3) is covered.

4. Mechanical damping element according to claim 3, characterized in that are hinged in the vicinity of the vertices and at opposite fixed points of the foundation return elements.

For this 1 page drawing

Field of application of the invention

The invention relates to a mechanical damping element for vibrations that occur in earthquake-prone areas between the foundation and the objects located thereon. Such protective measures are used, for example, in high-voltage systems, by a "floating" storage takes place.

Characteristic of the known state of the art

There are various decoupling and damping devices for recording horizontally oscillating vibrations between the foundation and foot of devices or structures known to decouple and attenuate especially in an earthquake predominantly occurring horizontal vibrations of the ground different Frequunz and duration (DE-OS 2021031, DE -GM 714621). This task is quite insufficient for larger amplitudes. For larger horizontal vibrations, it is known to use floating bearings, in which flat or concave rolling surfaces are used, on which steel balls can move freely in any direction (DE-PS 2749654). The return to the starting position is effected by the gravity of the object or with the assistance of spring force. For this purpose it is known to attach pressure and / or tension springs to the object and fixed parts of the foundation. However, it is also a solution known (DD-PS 216 291), form in the spring elements with balls a structural unit by a tubular piece guide ring surrounds the ball located on a roller plate. With a distance dependent on the displacement distance, this ring surrounds another and between both are involute curved leaf spring packages. Supported by this energy storage takes place after a deflection by horizontally acting forces the return to the starting position and thus the provision for possibly new ground collisions. However, the production of such protection is technologically complex, other solutions do not offer such possibilities of movement, but cause the Kippan of the object when exceeding a predetermined displacement. For vibration-free storage of machinery and equipment, it is also known to store them by means of rubber springs, which are composed of individual parts. Although by replacing the segments an adaptation to the different mass ratios of foundation and engine mass and thus to the different swing ratios is possible, but large deflection amplitudes are not dominated (DE-OS 3106690).

Object of the invention

The object of the invention is to improve a mechanically acting decoupling of vibrations, which are of seismic origin, on an object, preferably for electrical equipment.

Explanation of the essence of the invention

The invention has for its object to provide a mechanical damping element in particular for emanating from seismic vibrations, which preferably act in a horizontal direction, wherein the object to be protected by means of balls and rolling surface should be mounted floating on a base plate without harmful self-resonances can occur , The object is achieved in that the balls are except on their treads on the base plate of an elastic-plastic material umgebon whose coefficient of friction with the ball surface is relatively low. The material is surrounded by a capsule, which in turn is attached to the vertices of the object. Down in the direction of the base plate is a cover plate to protect against falling out of the ball and the material when lifting the object, z. B. for the purpose of relocation. Advantageous properties in terms of coefficient of friction, strength, elasticity and damping behavior have been found in PTFE.