DD269631A1

DD269631A1 - METHOD FOR THE HEAT TREATMENT OF GUIDE RAILS

Info

Publication number: DD269631A1
Application number: DD31170187A
Authority: DD
Inventors: Rolf Zenker; Peter Fahrenschon; Matthias Mueller; Martin Murawski; Klaus-Dieter Pompe
Original assignee: Karl Marx Stadt Tech Hochschul
Priority date: 1987-12-30
Filing date: 1987-12-30
Publication date: 1989-07-05

Abstract

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Waermebehandlung von Fuehrungsleisten, insbesondere Kompaktfuehrungsleisten, das im Maschinen- und Anlagenbau, insbesondere im Werkzeugmaschinenbau Anwendung findet. Ziel der Erfindung ist es, ein Verfahren zu schaffen, bei dem mit geringem Energie- und Fertigungsaufwand Haertebahnen mit homogener Verteilung der Haerte-, Festigkeits- und Verschleisskennwerte hergestellt werden koennen. Erfindungsgemaess wird die Aufgabe dadurch geloest, dass bei entsprechend vorgefertigter Kompaktfuehrungsleiste mittels eines energiereichen Strahles, insbesondere Elektronenstrahles, homogene Haertebahnen - begrenzt auf die beanspruchten Laufflaechen - erzeugt werden. Fig. 1The invention relates to a method for heat treatment of Fuehrungsleisten, in particular Kompaktfuehrungsleisten, which finds application in mechanical and plant engineering, especially in machine tool applications. The aim of the invention is to provide a method in which can be produced with a low energy and manufacturing costs Haertbahnen with homogeneous distribution of Haerte-, strength and Verschleisskennwerte. According to the invention, the object is achieved in that, in accordance with prefabricated Kompaktfuehrungsleiste by means of a high-energy beam, in particular electron beam, homogeneous Haertebahnen - limited to the claimed Laufflaechen - generated. Fig. 1

Description

The depth of the converted layer will be in the range between 0.5 mm and 0.5 mm according to the stress conditions

1,5 mm, vorzugsweise um 0,8 mm, eingestellt.1.5 mm, preferably adjusted by 0.8 mm.

The width of the hardness web is at least four times the conversion depth wider than the width of the expiring thereon Against the body. The length of the hardness web is either identical to that of the strips or only a few millimeters, preferably 5 to 10 mm, longer

als die beanspruchte Länge. Die Reihenfolge der Erzeugung der Härtebahnen wird s<j festgelegt, daß immer jeweilsas the claimed length. The order of generation of the hardness webs is set s <j, always always

gegenüberliegende Bahnen nacheinander behandelt werden, wobei bei Rechteckprofilen mit den schmalen Seiten begonnenwird. Eine vor.J'^fte Ausgestaltung des Verfahrens besteht darin, daß insbesondere bei asymmetrischer Anordnung deropposite webs are treated sequentially, starting with rectangular profiles with the narrow sides. An embodiment of the method is that, particularly in the case of an asymmetric arrangement, the

Hardness tracks on the guide rail on open spaces additional hardness tracks are running. By appropriate choice of Length and width and depth of these additional hardness tracks will be a possible slight hardening distortion largely

kompensiert.compensated.

embodiment In the following, the invention will be explained with reference to an example. In the accompanying drawing shows: Fig. 1: Schematic representation of an electron beam hardened compact guide rail made of steel 90 Mn V8.

Eine Kompaktführungsleiste aus dem Stahl 90 Mn V8 wird im weichgeglühten Zustand soweit mechanisch fertig bearbeitet, daß auf jeder Fläche noch ein Schleifaufmaß von beispielsweise 0,2 mm belassen wird. In diesem Bearbeitungszustand wird ein Elektronenstrahlhärten derart durchgeführt, daß in der in Fig. 1 angegebenen Reihenfolge 1 ...6 homogene Härtebahnen über die gesamte Länge der Leiste im Bereich der Laufbahn erzeugt werden. Dazu wird die Führungsleiste unter dem Elektronenstrahl hinweg bewegt, senkrecht zur Bewegungsrichtung der Führungsleiste wird der Elektronenstrahl zeitlinear periodisch mit einer Frequenz von 10OkHz abgelenkt. Die Elektronenstrahlhärtetiefe liegt bei 1,2mm. Die Breite der Härtebahn beträgt 26mm und ist damit auf jeder Seite 3mm breiter als die Gegenkörper. Die Härte beträgt in den elektronenstrahlgehärteten Gebieten ungefähr 700HV10. Zur Verringerung des eingetretenen Verzugs werden in der ebenfalls in Fig. 1 angegebenen Reihenfolge 1 ...6 Entlastungshärtebahnen 5,6 angebracht, die eine Breite auf der schmalen Seite von 10 mm, auf der flachen Seite von 20 m η und eine Elektronenstrahlhärtetiefe von 1,2 mm aufweisen.A compact guide rail made of 90N steel Vn V8 is machined in the soft annealed state as far as mechanical that a grinding allowance of 0.2 mm, for example, is left on each surface. In this processing state, electron beam curing is carried out in such a way that, in the order given in FIG. 1, 1 to 6 homogeneous hardness tracks are produced over the entire length of the strip in the region of the track. For this purpose, the guide bar is moved under the electron beam, perpendicular to the direction of movement of the guide bar, the electron beam is deflected periodically periodically with a frequency of 10OkHz. The electron beam hardening depth is 1.2mm. The width of the hardness sheet is 26mm and is therefore 3mm wider on each side than the counter-body. Hardness in the electron beam hardened areas is about 700HV10. In order to reduce the delay that has occurred, in the order also indicated in FIG. 1, 1 to 6 relief relief sheets 5, 6 are provided which have a width on the narrow side of 10 mm, on the flat side of 20 mη and an electron beam hardening depth of 1 , 2 mm.

Der Verzug ist sehr klein und mit den bekannten Wärmebehandlungsverfahren nicht erreichbar. Dtr durch dieses Verfahren noch verbleibende geringfügige Verzug ermöglicht, daß die notwendigen Fertigungschleifarbeiten gemäß Anforderungen von Wälzoder Gleitführungen mit kleineren als üblichen Schleifaufm?ßen durchgeführt werden können. Das bedeutet, daß Einsparungen an teurer Fertigungskapazität und damit Verringerung der Durchlaufzeiten gewonnen werden. Außerdem sind durch das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren Lagekorrekturen der Befestigungsbohrungen und Nacharbeit an den Fügeflächen möglich.The delay is very small and not achievable with the known heat treatment process. The remaining slight distortion due to this method allows the necessary finishing operations to be carried out according to the requirements of rolling or sliding guides with smaller than usual grinding loads. This means that savings in expensive production capacity and thus reduction of throughput times are obtained. In addition, by the method according to the invention positional corrections of the mounting holes and reworking on the joining surfaces are possible.

Claims

A process for the heat treatment of guide strips, more compact guide rails, are hardened with a high-energy beam guide strips, characterized in that the energy transfer for the surface hardening of the claimed areas of the raceways with a preferably two-dimensionally deflected focused energy beam, in particular electron beam, with deflection components in the longitudinal direction the guide bar and perpendicular thereto, wherein the deflection perpendicular to the direction of movement is a time-linear periodic function and hardness tracks are generated whose width is at least four times the value of the load adapted depth of hardness wider than that of the expiring counter-body and to minimize the delay, the hardenings of Lanes in a particular order with hardening Hardening done by additional hardness tracks.

For this 1 page drawing

Field of application of the invention

The invention relates to a method for heat treatment of guide rails, in particular of compact guide rails, which finds application in mechanical and plant engineering, in particular in machine tool construction.

Characteristic of the known state of the art

It is known that in order to achieve improved properties with respect to hardness, strength and wear characteristics guide strips are thoroughly hardened. A disadvantage of this method is the large energy and manufacturing costs. In addition, there is a considerable delay, which requires either complex during the curing plant technical measures and / or large Bearbeitungsaufmaße and thus costly rework. Another disadvantage of this method is that not only the treads but also the mounting surfaces are hardened. On the one hand, this leads to inaccuracies in the positioning of the previously introduced holes, on the other hand, no post-processing, i. Correction of drilling possible. It is also known, hardened steel strips or strips for rolling or sliding guides in the field of their stress on GG-frame units or stick. As a result, some of the o.g. Disadvantages eliminated, however, the production of such strips and their attachment by gluing the frame component is very time consuming and costly. The existing ridge joints represent discontinuities and adversely affect adhesion and rolling motion. Another disadvantage is the strong hardening distortion of the thin strips to be glued. Furthermore, there were considerable difficulties in the exact positioning of the strips during gluing.

Induction-hardened guideways do not meet the requirements for rolling guideways in machine tool construction. According to DE-OS 2,743,992 and DD-WP 238396 methods are proposed in which in guideways only certain areas of the claimed tread are cured by laser beam so that intermediate areas remain soft. When stressed, these soft areas should be worked off more strongly than the hardened ones and should therefore be used as a lubricant reservoir.

The disadvantage of this process is the complicated production of the hardening residues. Due to inhomogeneous surface hardening, this process has negative effects with regard to rolling fatigue wear, in particular with increasing surface pressure, because the acting forces must be absorbed by only narrow bearing track areas.

Object of the invention

The aim of the invention is to provide a method for heat treatment of guide rails, in particular of compact guide rails, in dom with low energy and manufacturing effort hardness tracks with homogeneous distribution of hardness; Strength and wear characteristics can be produced.

Explanation of the essence of the connection

The invention has for its object to provide a method for heat treatment of guide rails, in which are hardened with a high-energy beam, in particular electron beam guide rails. According to the invention, the object is achieved in that the corresponding prefabricated guide bar, in particular compact guide bar, is guided in the direction of the hardness web to be generated under an energy beam, in particular electron beam, at a constant speed and that the Energiectrahi preferably two-dimensional with deflection components in the direction of workpiece movement and perpendicular dpzu on the surface acting, wherein the deflection function perpendicular to the direction of movement is a zeiiüneare periodic function, so that hardness tracks are generated in the region of the claimed treads. These hardness tracks have on the surface hardness, strength or wear characteristics that are constant over the entire width and length of the claimed tread.