DD267420A1 - PROCESS FOR THE CONTROL OF PHYTOPATHOGENOUS FLOOR MUSHROOMS USING FUNGICIDES AND MICROBIAL ANTAGONISTS - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for combating phytopathogenic soil fungi with fungicides and microbial antagonists in crop protection. According to the invention, very small quantities of fungicides, which are ineffective on their own, are used together with microbial antagonists in a known manner and in the usual treatment cycles. The amounts of fungicide used according to the invention in the combination amount to only 10 to 25% of the amounts of fungicides which are used in case of sole, practical use. The proposed control of phytopathogenic soil fungi is very effective and environmentally friendly.

Description

Field of application of the invention

The invention relates to a method for controlling phytopathogenic soil fungi with fungicides and microwave antagonists in horticultural crop protection.

Characteristic of the known technical solutions

The control of phytopathogenic fungal pathogens in glasshouse growing is done in addition to the cultural and hygienic measures preferably with chemosynthetically hernestellten fungicides (fungistats). They have a phytotoxic and / or environmental stress in the case of practical application doses, since they are usually degraded only slowly or not without residue in the substrate, in or on the plants. The practical application concentrations are usually included

Increasingly, biological control measures are currently being carried out by means of antagonistic-acting microorganisms. e.g. DE-OS 3311071; DD-WP 250456; U.S. Patent 3,617,448 and U.S. Patent 4,595,589.

In addition, in the interest of increasing the yield of agricultural and forestry crops, combined application technologies for controlling plant diseases are known, e.g. As antibiotics and fungicides are used, s. GB-PS 1484407, DE-PS 1005311, FR-PS 2508766, DD-AP 0153995.

Furthermore, mixtures of microorganisms and fungicides are used, s. GB-PS 1450-124, which is identical to DE-OS 2352403 and DE-OS 2740052, wherein potentiated effects in the presence of reduced Fungizidmensen were neither mentioned nor detected.

Object of the invention

The aim of the invention is the effective control of phytopathogenic soil fungi without additional or greatly reduced pollution of the environment with pollutants.

Explanation of the essence of the invention

The invention has for its object to achieve a much better effect by combining known agents against phytopathogenic soil fungi.

According to the invention small amounts of fungicides are used together with microbieile antagonists for controlling phytopathogenic soil fungi. The amounts of fungicide used are about 10 to 25% compared to the usual concentrations in practice alone. These small application doses show no or almost no effect on phytopathogenic soil fungi in practical use.

However, when these small (suboptimal) amounts of fungicide are used together with microbieile antagonist-containing administration forms, surprisingly better control results are obtained than when only antagonistic microorganisms are used alone.

These microtganisms and their forms of application have no environmental impact. influß. They were affected by soil microorganisms that had their natural area there before isolation.

For example, microbial antagonists of Sacilius subtilis T99 (ZIMET 11095), Streptomyces sepc are preferred. G43 (ZIMET 43801), both prepared according to DD-WP 250456 or Streptomyces graminofaciens (ZIMET 43852), Streptomyces flavescens (ZIMET 43851) and Streptomyces muiinus (ZIMET 43853), in the administration forms

Dilute culture solutions with 10 ⁵ to 10 ⁷ cfu / .nl,

Diluted culture broth concentrates at about 10 ⁵ to 10 ⁷ cfu / ml or

- Diluted spore suspensions of the said Streptomycetes with 10 ⁵ to 10 ⁶ cfu / ml. As fungicides are preferably used:

Bcrcenia zineb90 = zinc ethylene bis (dithiocarbamate),

- Chinoin Fundazo! WP 50 = methyl-1-butylcarbamoyl-O-benzimidazole carbamate or

- bercema-MancozebeO = manganese-zinc-ethylenediamine bis-dithiocarbamate.

The improved mode of action of the use of suboptimal amounts of fungicides with antagonistic bacteria can be clearly demonstrated both in vitro and in viro.

The in vitro tests were carried out in petri dishes as a ring plate method (G.Turhan, Journal of Plant Diseases and Plant Protection 88 [1981], 373). For this purpose, the agar (biomalt) was added in three experiments:

15% culture filtrate of Streptomyces graminofaciens N6 (ZIMET 43852),

- 0.02% of beta zineb 90 = zinc ethylenebis (dithiocarbamate) or

- 0, C2% bercoma zineb 90, combined with 15% culture filtrate N6 and

- For comparison, a control variable without additions was created.

The agar was in the center of the Petri dishes with the test fungi Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. dianthi or Fusarium culmo 'inoculated. The radial iluwar.hs of the fungal colonies was measured daily and served as a benchmark for the Wirkurq of the additives. The results are shown in the following table:

Phytophathogone agar Durchmcsserder fungal colonies after 5d mushrooms variants (2R ° C) (i.imm) Fusarium control 58.3 oxysporum f. sp. dianthi N 6 (cultural fil 30.5 joined) bercemaZheb 48.0 90 N6 + bercema 25.5 Zineb90 Feulmorum Kontrollo 90.0 N6 (culture filtrate) 51.3 bercema line 90.0 SO N6 + bercena 47.2 Zineb90

Ring-plate tests with the following additions were made in the same way and the colony spread in the test fungi F. oxysporum f. sp. dianthi or Pyrenochaeta lycopersici follows:

1. Control - without condition

2. Addition of 25% culture filtrate T99 (Bacilus subtilis T99) according to DD-WP 250456

3. Addition of 0.01% Chinoin Fundazol = methyl 1- (butylcarbamoyl) -2-benzimidazolecarbamate

4. Add 25% culture filtrate with Bacillus subtilis T99 and 0.01% Chinoin-Fundazol

5. Addition of 0.01% bercema Manco ;; eb 80 = manganese-zinc-ethylenediyl-bis-dithiocarbamate

6. Addition of 0.01% bercema Manzo :: eb 80 and 25% culture filtrate with Bacillus subtilis T99. The results are reported in the following table:

Agar variants Diameter of the mushroom color in mm

lnkulkationbis25 ° C

F. oxysp. f. sp. dianthi pyr. lycopersici

after 4d after 9d

1 control 90.0 85.0

2 T99 (culture filtrate) 43.0 45.2

3 Chinoin-Fundaiol 64.8 60.0

4 culture filter: with T99

+ ChinoinFndazole 22.5 25.3

5 berc. Mancozeb80 86.5 84.2

6 berc. Mancozeb80

+ Culture filtrate m. T 99 25.3 23.4

For in vivo experimentation in greenhouse cultures aqueous solutions are used, the veHünnte culture solutions containing Bacillus subtilis T99 (about 2 x 10 ⁷ nuclei / ml) or culture solutions containing Streptomycesgrairiinofaciens N6 (about 10 ^s cfu / ml) and fungicide additives. These aqueous mixtures containing antagonists and fungicides are applied to the substrate surface prepared for planting by pouring at least ² l per m ² . During the growing season, after-treatments are carried out, s. Examples:

The amounts of fungicide used are compared to the amounts when used alone at only 10-25%. The antagonistic bacteria are not inhibited in their growth and product formation either in vitro or in vivo at these concentrations of fungicide. The evidence for this can easily be found in submerged cultures and agar surfaces.

applications

example 1

Treatment with fungicides (control)

The control of vascular parasitic wilt disease in common helleborine caused by Fusarium (Fusarium oxysporum types) was carried out under commercial conditions with commercial fungicides. There were 500m ² large experimental areas, each of which was planted with 16000 rooted carnation stick blades.

The funciocide treatment was as follows:

- before planting (PfI.) 0.4% bercema-Mancozeb 80

- 2 weeks after the PfI. 0.2% bercema zineb 90

- 6 weeks after the PfI. 0.1% Chinoin-Fundazol 50 WP

- 5 months after the PfI. 0.2% bercema-mancozeb 80

- 8 months after PfI. 0.2% bercema zineb 90

At the end of the culture after 15 months, 30% d. <· Clove plants failed as a result of illness.

Example 2

Treatment with bercema zineb 90

Bercema zineb 90 was used as the sole fungicide to control the vascular parasitic fusarium wilt in the Edelnelke.

The fungicidal activity prior to planting was 0.4%, and the post-treatments were carried out at the intervals indicated in Example 1, each time equal to 1.5% of the total concentration.

At the end of the culture after 1 ΐ months, 45% of carnation plants had failed due to Fusarium infestation.

Example 3

Treatment with antagonistic culture solutions

In order to control the vascular parasitic fusarium wilt in Edelnelke, diluted culture solutions with Bacillus subtilis T99 were used at approximately 10 ⁷ germs / ml. Each 21 of this application solution was poured out for 1 m ² Bodenf loche before planting. Followed by post-treatment after 2 and 3 Wochjn, more at intervals of 3 months after planting.

At the end of the culture after 15 months stwa 28% of Edelnelken had precipitated by disease.

Example 4

Use of suboptimal amounts of fungicide with antagonist-containing culture solutions.

To control the vascular parasitic Fusarium wilt in Edelnelke, diluted culture solutions with Bacillus subtilis T99 (about 10 ⁷ germs / ml) were poured onto the soil surface together with 0.05% bercema-Zin * b 90 (2 l / m ² ) and then rooted Clove cuttings planted.

The first IMac! ! Treatment of the stock took place with o.g. Mixture after two weeks; This was followed by 3 further follow-up treatments every 3 months.

At the end of the culture after 15 months, 20% of Edelnelke had failed due to illness.

Example 5

The control of Fusarium wilt in Edelnelke was carried out according to Example 4. However, instead of bercema zineb 90, 0.05% quinoin-fundazole WP 50 was used.

At the end of the culture after 15 months, 18% of Edelnelken had failed due to illness.

Claims (4)

1. A method for controlling phytopathogenic soil fungi with fungicides and microwave antagonists, characterized in that small, when used alone ineffective amounts of fungicides are used together with microwave antagonists in a known manner and in the usual treatment cycles. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that 10 to 25% of the fungicide amounts, based on the sole practice-use, are used. 3. Process according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that as fungicides Bercema zineb 90 - zinc ethylenebis (dithiocarbamate) Chinoin-Fundazol WP 50 = methyl-HbutylcarbamoyU 1 -benzimidazole carbamate or - bercema Mancozeb80 = manganese-zinc-ethylenediamine bis-dithiocarbamate. 4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that microbial antagonists of Bacillus subtilis T99 (ZIMET 11095), Streptomyces spec. G ΛΖ (ZIMET 43801), prepared according to DD-WP 250456, or Streptomyces graminofaciens (ZIMET 43852), Streptomyces flavescens (ZIMET 43851) and Streptomyces murinus (ZIMET 43853), ..., in the application forms: diluted culture solutions with 10 ³ to 10 ⁷ cfu / ml, diluted culture solution concentrates with about 10 ⁷ cfu / ml diluted spore suspensions of said Streptomycetes with 10 ⁵ and cfu / ml, are used.