DD255874A1 - MEANS TO INCREASE THE SALT TOLERANCE OF CULTURAL PLANTS - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to agents for increasing the salt stress tolerance of crop plants, preferably cereals on NaCl-salinated soils. As active ingredient they contain N- (2-hydroxyethyl) piperazine. formula

Description

embodiment Example 1: Influence of the agents according to the invention on the seedling growth of cereals under salt stress

Studies on seedling growth have been made in Petri dishes. For this purpose, seeds of winter wheat (cv Alcedo) and spring barley (cv Salome) were pre-swollen either in distilled water or in saline for 5 hours. A portion of the water or saline solution was added before swelling the grains with different amounts of the agents of the invention. Following the pre-swelling phase, the grains were placed on wet filter paper in sealed petri dishes. The determination of the degree of germination and seedling growth was carried out 48 hours after laying out the grains in the Petri dishes (culturing at 23 ° C in darkroom).

From these studies it is apparent (Tab. I and II) that the compositions of the invention significantly improved the plant tolerance to salt contamination, so that the alkaline salts - in particular NaCl -leaded germ inhibition was reduced or eliminated as a result of the use of funds. The agents of the present invention were more effective in concentration than kinetin, chlorocholine chloride and the expensive gibberellin A3. In order to achieve the tolerance effects with the new agent, no higher amounts of the agent were required compared to the comparison substances.

Table I: Influence of the agents according to the invention on the seedling growth of winter wheat under salt stress

medium

Concentration ¹¹ mol-r ¹

Seedling growth (rel.) Without salt

with salt

a) according to the invention 2 • 10- " N- (2-hydroxyethyl) piperazine b) comparison substances 1 • ΙΟ "" kinetin 3 • ΙΟ " ⁵ Gibberellin A ₃ 3 irr ⁴ 1 • ΙΟ " ⁴ chlorcholin chloride 1 • ΙΟ " ³ c) without funds _ control

98

(70 mg / 10 pfi.)

125 *

94 115 * 110

94

97

100

(55 mg / 10 pfi.)

* GD _s % (rel.) = 15.0

¹ Proven concentration of agents (a) according to the invention was most effective in concentration series. Concentrations of the reference substances (b) refer to positive effects from literature sources.

² Salinity: 0.3% NaCl, 0.15% KCl

Table II: Influence of the agents according to the invention on the seedling growth of spring barley under salt stress

medium

Concentration ¹¹ mol-r ¹

Seedling growth (rel.)

without salt with salt ²¹

a) according to the invention 1-10 " ³ N- (2-hydroxyethyl) piperazine b) comparison substances 1-10- " kinetin 3-10 " ⁵ Gibberellin A ₃ 3-10 " ⁴ 1-10- " chlorcholin chloride 1-10 " ³ c) without funds _ control

(79 mg / l OPfI .;

119 84

110 103 114

100

(65 mg / l OPfI.

GD _5% (rel.) = 15.2 (+) security limit

¹ Proven concentration of agents (a) according to the invention was most effective in concentration series. Concentrations of the reference substances (b) refer to positive effects from literature sources.

² Salinity: 0.5% NaCl, 0.15% KCl

Example 2: Influence of the agents according to the invention on the salt tolerance index (STI) of spring barley

The influence of the agent according to the invention on the water utilization in the yield formation process was determined in Example 2 in a vial test. The plant cultivation took place on quartz sand (6.5 kg quartz sand / vessel). In each Mitscherlich vessel are 15 plants at the following fertilization / vessel: 1.63g N; 0.49g P; 0.62g K; 0.58g Ca; 0.26 g of Mg; 0.12 ml of FeCl ₃ as a 10% solution; 0.12 ml of AZ (a) solution according to HOAGLAND (diluted 1:20), cultured. The water consumed in vascular cultures (current evapotranspiration) was determined by daily repeated weighing of the vessels and replaced after each weighing. The transpiration quantum per mitscherlich vessel was calculated by subtracting the Evapotranspirationsanteils from water use / vessel. The salt stress was induced by a salt mixture. From these investigations it is apparent (Table III) that the agent according to the invention increased the salt tolerance index, measured on barley yield. The salt tolerance index (STI) was determined as follows: grain yield in stress grain yield without stress

STI =

Table III: Influence of the agents according to the invention on the salt tolerance index (STI) of spring barley

Medium (mg tube " ¹ ) Stress conditions ¹¹ STI Without N- (2-hydroxyethyl) piperazine (2) ²¹ no stress with stress with stress 1.00 0.82 0.92 ^{l + l} Gibberellin A ₃ (5) (reference substance) with stress 0.71

¹ stress conditions were determined via osmotic pressure M of the soil solution; with stress: 0.45MPa, without stress 0.15MPa. Predominantly involved ions in the stress effect:

Na ⁺ , K ⁺ , Mg ²⁺ , Ca ²⁺ , Cr, NO ₃ ", SO ₄ ² ""and HPO ₄ ² ".

² In the field test, 0.1 kg ... 2kg · ha " ¹ exerts an effective stress tolerance improvement.

Claims (1)

Agent for increasing the salt tolerance of crops, preferably of cereals on NaCI-salinated soils, characterized in that they in addition to conventional excipients and carriers as active ingredient N- (2-hydroxyethyl) piperazine of the formula I. CH ₀ ~ "CH ₀
HN ^ N - GH ₀ - CH ₀ - OH contain. Field of application of the invention The compositions according to the invention can be used to improve the tolerance of crop plants to salt contamination, in particular in the case of exposure to NaCl. Characteristic of the known state of the art It is known that about 1 billion hectares of agricultural land of the earth have yield-reducing salinity in the soil substrate and that by additional irrigation and mineral fertilization, this area ratio still increases. Even in humid climates, the salt concentration in the soil water increases during times of drought to unfavorable plant physiological values. Particularly sensitive to salt are known to be germinating plants and young plants. To mitigate these yield-reducing salt effects, for example, soil treatments are carried out with gypsum, which are associated with an enormous transport and energy expenditure. Furthermore, an attempt is made to solve the salt problem by breeding salt-tolerant plants. However, significant breeding successes are not known yet. With the help of phytohormones and synthetic Wirkungsanaloga the phytohormones, however, is a solution from (DD-PS 218260, DD-PS 217408, DD-PS 217409, DD-PS 217410). Even with the application of growth-regulating acting quaternary ammonium bases is known to increase the plant salt tolerance achievable (DD-PS 215686, DD-PS 215688). However, the effect of the phytohormones and synthetic growth regulators is insufficient under certain conditions. The uncertainty of the gibberellin and cytokinin with phytohormone character is u.a. that these substances increase transpiration at the same time and thereby lower the water status stability of the plants. When using the growth inhibitor chlorocholine chloride, the threshold of growth-inhibiting influences can be exceeded under salt conditions, so that then no yield advantages result from using funds. Furthermore, the production of phytohormones is very expensive and the use of chlorocholine chloride has toxicological problems. Toxicologically unfavorable saline stress-reducing hydroxylamine derivatives (DD-PS 216159) are to be evaluated. Object of the invention The aim of the invention is to develop new agents for increasing the salt tolerance of crop plants, preferably for NaCI-salinated soils. Explanation of the essence of the invention The invention has for its object to develop means for increasing the salt tolerance of crops, preferably of cereals on NaCI-salinated soils that are inexpensive to produce and toxicologically safe and act particularly stress-relieving in the salt-sensitive germination and young plant phase. This object is achieved in that the means for increasing the salt tolerance of crops in addition to conventional excipients and carriers as active ingredient N- (2-hydroxyethyl) piperazine of the formula / ^CH 2 - ™ Z _K IT' NGH₀ - CH₀ - OH contain.