DD240167A5 - EASY FLAMMABLE, PLANED PLATED PANELS, IN PARTICULAR WOOD WITH FURNISHINGS OR POULTRY PLANTS - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to flame-retardant, flanked chipboard, especially with wood veneers or laminate planked panels. The invention should be produced in good quality flame retardant planked chipboard in good quality, the Flammfestausruestung is gleichmaessig and a binding according to the requirements and strength values of the finished products is guaranteed. According to the invention, this is achieved by the fact that they consist of a) after the extrusion of wood chips and / or woody fibers produced chipboard, as a flame retardant additive in a concentration of about 5 to 50 wt .-%, based on dry wood chips and / or woody Fibers, a product of1) from 50 to 99.5% by weight of a physically and chemically stable flame retardant under the conditions of the extrusion process and 2) from about 0.5 to 50% by weight of a hydrogenated, waterless synthetic resin encapsulating the individual flame retardant particles. as well as binders and optionally hardeners and / or further additives such as lubricants, b) glued by means of special adhesive on the chipboard, to their planking suitable cover or Absperrfurnieren of wood or laminates and c) optionally a surface layer of a flame resistant paint.

Description

Field of application of the invention

The invention relates to flame-retardant, flanked chipboards, especially with wood veneers or laminates planked panels.

Characteristic of the known technical solutions

The following points are given as suitable flame retardants for the production of flame-retardant particle board in John W. Lyone "The Chemistry and Uses of Fire Retardents" (Wiley Interscience New York, 1970, pages 122 ff): monoammonium phosphate or diammonium phosphate, optionally in combination with urea or urea / formaldehyde resins: magnesium chloride or magnesium bromide in combination with magnesium oxide;

Chloroparaffins in combination with antimony (III) amide; Boric acid, possibly in combination with antimony (III) oxide.

In addition, flame retardants for wood chipboards have already been proposed:

According to DE-OS 2933755 and DE-OS 3044861 reaction products of colemanite with mineral acids ₍ such as sulfuric acid or phosphoric acid;

according to US-PS 4080501 a melamine phosphate;

according to US-PS 3939107 a water-soluble ammonium polyphosphate and

according to JP 7321346 (reflected in CA. 81, 4837y) mixtures of PVC, ammonium polyphosphate and urea / formaldehyde resin or phenol / formaldehyde resin.

Experience has shown that these aforementioned flame retardants are only effective when used for flameproofing of chipboard in the form of flat chipboard. However, they are not suitable for use in flameproofing of extruded wood molded articles, in particular chipboard, since the temperature and pressure conditions are significant in this process.

Finally, from DE-PS 1 224917 a method for the treatment of wood chips and other chips of vegetable origin with binding and / or impregnating agents for the production of plates and other moldings known. There it is also stated that additives of wood and flame retardants in powder form did not provide the required uniform distribution and also had an adverse effect on the bond and the strength values of the finished products, so that corresponding procedures a practical significance was denied. According to DE-PS 1 224917 was therefore proposed to bring the chips together for a short time with a solution, dispersion or emulsion of the treatment agent in the form of a liquor, which had the disadvantage that initially take place in a centrifuge, a substantial liberation from the liquid phase and subsequently had to be dried before further processing. Such a fleet could for example consist of an aqueous solution of monoammonium phosphate as a flame retardant. On the other hand, from DE-OS 2949537 a particulate agent for preventing the combustibility of combustible materials such as polyurethane or polyurethane foams on the basis of free-flowing, powdered ammonium polyphosphates known, wherein the individual particles of the ammonium polyphosphate are coated with a cured, water-insoluble polycondensation of melamine and formaldehyde

 Nothing is said about the nature of the incorporation and processing of this agent in flame-retardant materials.

Object of the invention

It is the object of the invention to produce low-flammability planked chipboard economically and in good quality.

* Essence of the invention

The invention has for its object to provide flame retardant planked chipboard, especially with wood veneer or laminate planked panels in which the flameproof equipment is uniform, without causing temperature and pressure adverse effects and that a bond corresponding to the requirements and strength values of the finished products is guaranteed.

According to the invention this object is achieved in that special chipboard in the extrusion process, are used.

The present invention further relates to the use of the claimed chipboard for the production of wood veneers or laminates planked flame retardant panels; For this special adhesives, especially special glues are used. Finally, for the surface treatment in the case of wood veneer planked panels, flame resistant transparent lacquers are used.

she from

(a) particleboard produced by the extrusion process from wood shavings and / or wood-like fibrous materials containing, as a flame retardant additive in a concentration of approximately 5% to 50% by weight, based on dry wood chips and / or woody fibers, a product of

1) from 50 to 99.5% by weight of a physically and chemically stable flame retardant and under the conditions of the extrusion process

2) about 0.5 to 50 wt .-% of a cured, water-insoluble synthetic resin, which envelops the individual flame retardant,

and binders and optionally hardeners and / or other additives, such as lubricants.

b) using special adhesive glued on the chipboard, to the planking suitable cover or Absperrfurnieren of wood or laminates and

c) optionally a surface layer of a flame-retardant lacquer consist. In continuation of the invention, the plates are made

a) by the extrusion of wood chips and / or woody fibers produced chipboard, as flame retardants in a concentration of about 5 to 50Gew .-%, based on dry wood chips and / or woody fibers, a product of 1) 75 to 99.5 % powdered, free-flowing ammonium polyphosphate of the general formula

in which η is an integer having an average value of about 20 to 800 and the ratio of m to η is about list and

2) about 0.5 to 25 wt .-% of a cured, water-insoluble resin, which wraps the individual Ammoniumpolyphosphatteilchen, and binders and optionally hardeners and / or other additives, such as lubricants containing.

b) glued by means of special adhesive on the chipboard, to the planking suitable cover or Absperrfurnieren of wood or laminates and

c) optionally a surface layer of a flame resistant paint.

The particle board according to the invention may be characterized in detail by the fact that the flame retardant additive or the flame retardant has an average particle size of about 0.03 to 0.08 mm; that the index η is an integer having an average value of 450 to 800; that the water-insoluble, cured resin is a polycondensation product of melamine and formaldehyde; that the water-insoluble cured resin is a polycondensation product of a polyol and an isocyanate and / or a polyisocyanate;

that the water-insoluble, cured resin is a polycondensation product of an isocyanate and / or a polyisocyanate;

that the water-insoluble cured resin is an epoxy resin, and finally that the water-insoluble cured resin is a polycondensation product of an aromatic hydroxy compound, e.g. Phenol or resorcinol, and formaldehyde.

In experiments, it has been found that the conventional Fumierverleimung with glues based on urea / formaldehyde resins or polyvinyl acetate in case of fire to a replacement of the veneer with complete erosion of the non-flame-retardant veneer. Surprisingly, however, this problem could be overcome after extensive experimental work and fed to a solution.

According to a further aspect of the present invention, condensation products based on phenol / melamine / urea-formaldehyde or isocyanates are now used as special adhesives for planking the chipboard with veneers made from wood boards or with laminates.

Finally, in wood-veneered boards for surface treatment, transparent, flame-resistant one-component paints are used according to the invention. As such, in particular the products ®Flammex S 44 one-component paint are used.

For example, the Résopal laminate is used as a laminate, while all kinds of coniferous and deciduous wood are suitable as wooden veneers.

The flame retardant, veneered or coated chipboards of the present invention can be used in a variety of applications, for example, as acoustic panels, panel boards, panels, room partitions, etc.

embodiment

The invention will be explained in more detail with reference to exemplary embodiments.

example 1

Production of an Unplanked Extrusion Plate In a mixer were

100 kg of dry wood chips

• 19 kg ®Exolit456

this is the flame retardant claimed in the present invention, in which the individual ammonium polyphosphate particles are provided with a cured, water-insoluble coating of polycondensed melamine and formaldehyde; the preparation of this flame retardant was carried out according to DE-OS 2,949,537; the phosphorus content of the composition is 29.5% by weight and the water-soluble content is less than 0.5% by weight at 25 ^° C.

vorgerriischt and then with a glue fleet, consisting of

10.8 kg ®Kaurit glue 365 liquid

3.0 kg of water

2.2 kg of Hardener 29 solution as a 15% aqueous solution

1.6 kg liquid hardener 527

0.8 kg of wax emulsion ®Mobilcer 65

sprayed.

After a mixing time of 2 minutes, the mixture was fed to an extruder and processed at a temperature of 17O ⁰ C to Röhrenspanplatten of 23 mm thickness.

The results of the analytical tests, the mechanical tests and the fire test are listed in Tables 1 and 2.

Example 2 (comparative example)

A 23 mm chipboard of building material class B1 according to DIN 4102 was veneered in a one-day press under the following conditions:

Veneer type: Koto

Glue batch: 100 parts by weight®Kaurit285

10 parts by weight of Hardener 70 solution

as a 15% aqueous solution 20 parts by weight of rye flour (type 1370)

8 parts by weight of water

Pressing conditions:. Pressing temperature 140 ° C

Pressing time: 1.2 min

Pressing pressure: 6 bar

Glue application: 200-250 g / m ²

Surface treatment: Sanding with 140/180 Kund subsequent painting with ® Flammex S44 one-component paint at

an order quantity of 120g / m ² . Each 2nd tube was opened through an approximately 4 mm wide slot to the visible side.

The results of the fire test are listed in Table 3.

Example 3 (comparative example)

The procedure was analogous to Example 2 with the modification that instead of the glue liquor indicated there was worked with a white glue based on polyvinyl acetate.

Veneer type: Koto

Glue: ®Polytex307

Pressing conditions: pressing temperature: 140 ° C

Pressing time: 2.5 min

Pressing pressure: 6 bar

Glue application: 250-300 g / m ²

The results of the fire test are listed in Table 3.

Example 4 (according to the invention)

The procedure was analogous to Example 2 with the modification that, instead of the glue liquor indicated there, the following glue formulation was used:.

Veneer types: pine, fir, oak, walnut, teak, mutenye

Glue batch: 100 parts by weight of ®Kauramin 541

10 parts by weight of rye flour (type (1370)

4 parts by weight hardener 29 solution as a 25% aqueous solution pressing conditions: pressing temperature: 140 ° C.

Pressing time: 2 min

Pressing pressure: 6 bar

Glue application: 200-250 g / m ²

Surface treatment: Sanding with 140/180 K and subsequent coating with ® Flammex S 44 one-component paint

or Rölit Single-Varnish 280 sgl Each second tube was opened through an approximately 4 mm wide slot to the visible side.

The results of the fire test are listed in Table 3.

Example 5 (according to the invention)

The procedure was analogous to Example 4, with the modification that instead of the wood veneer a laminate of type ® Resesopal F was applied.

The results of the fire test are listed in Table 3.

Table 1: Analytical investigations and mechanical tests

sample material Bulk density (kg / m ³ ) Phosphorus content Water content (% H ₂ O) Swelling after 1 hour Tensile strength ¹¹ (N / mm ² ) Bending strength ²¹ (N / mm ² ) Example 6 Example 7 730 780 3.8 4.1 in in in 5.6 4.6 0.85 0.75 4.9 9.9 DIN 68764 requirements without indication without indication without indication without indication 0.40 4.0

¹¹ parallel to the manufacturing direction

²¹ perpendicular to the direction of manufacture

Table 2: Fire shaft test according to DIN 4102

sample material Max. Flames height (cm) Max. Flue gas temperature ( ⁰ O average residual length (cm) Flue gas ¹¹ density DIN 4102 class Examples Example 7 80 90 129 139 27 18 26 13 B1 B1 DIN4102 - Requirements <100 <200 > 15 without specification

measured as minimum transmission in%

Table 3: Fire shaft test according to DIN 4102

sample material Veneer or Max. flue gas average residual DIN4102 class coating temperature (° C) , length (cm) example 1 (Comparative Example) Koto > 200 0 82 Example 2 (Comparative Example) Koto 186 12 82 Example 3 pine 148 21 B1 (Invention) fir 125 27 B1 teak 147 17 B1 Mutenye 135 20 B1 elm 131 16 B1 Oak 161 20 B1 Example 4 (Invention) ® Resopal F 128 20 B1 DIN 4102 without conditions specification <200 > 15

Claims (11)

Invention claim: 1) 75 to 99.5Gew .-% of powdered, free-flowing ammonium polyphosphate of the general formula H (n-m | + 2 (NH4) mPnO3n + 1 in which η is an integer having an average value of about 20 to 800 and the ratio of m to η is about 1 and 1) 50 to 99.5Gew .-% of a physically and chemically stable flame retardant under the conditions of the extrusion process and , 1. Flame-resistant planked chipboard, in particular with wood veneer or laminate planked panels, characterized in that they consist of (a) particleboard produced by the extrusion of wood chips and / or wood-like fibers and containing, as a flame retardant additive in a concentration of approximately 5 to 50% by weight, based on dry wood chips and / or wood-like fibers, a product of 2) about 0.5 to 25% by weight of a cured, water-insoluble synthetic resin encasing the individual ammonium polyphosphate particles, and binders and optionally hardeners and / or further additives such as lubricants, b) by means of special glue on the chipboard glued to the planking suitable deck or. Absperrfurnieren of wood or laminates as well c) optionally a surface layer of a flame resistant paint. 2. Flame-resistant planked chipboard, according to item 1, characterized in that they consist of a) by the extrusion of wood chips and / or woody fibrous particleboard produced as a flame retardant in a concentration of about 5 to 50Gew .-%, based on dry wood chips and / or woody fibers, a product of 2) about 0.5 to 50% by weight of a cured, water-insoluble synthetic resin which wraps around the individual flame retardant particles. and binders and optionally hardeners and / or further additives such as lubricants, b) glued by means of special adhesive on the chipboard, to the planking suitable cover or Absperrfurnieren of wood or laminates and c) optionally a surface layer of a flame resistant paint. 3. Flame-resistant covered chipboard according to item 1 or 2, characterized in that the flame retardant additive or the flame retardant has an average particle size of about 0.03 to 0.08 mm. 4.The flame-retardant planked chipboard according to item 2 or 3, characterized in that the index η is an integer having an average value of 450 to 800. 5. Flame-retardant paneled chipboard according to any one of items 1 to 4, characterized in that the water-insoluble, cured resin is a polycondensation product of melamine and formaldehyde, 6. Flame-retardant planked chipboard according to any one of items 18 to 21, characterized in that the water-insoluble, cured resin is a polycondensation product of a polyol and an isocyanate and / or a polyisocyanate. 7. Flame-retardant planked chipboard according to one of the items 1 to 4, characterized in that the water-insoluble, cured resin is a polycondensation product of an isocyanate and / or a polyisocyanate. 8. Flame-retardant planked chipboard according to any one of items 1 to 4, characterized in that the water-insoluble cured resin is an epoxy resin. ·. , 9. Flame-resistant planked chipboard according to one of the items 1 to 4, characterized in that the water-insoluble, cured resin is a polycondensation product of an aromatic hydroxy compound, for. Phenol or resorcinol, and formaldehyde. 10. Flame-retardant planked chipboard according to one of the items 1 to 9, characterized in that condensation products based on phenol / melamine / urea-formaldehyde or isocyanates are used as a special adhesive for planking with veneers made of wood or with laminates. 11. Flame-retardant planked chipboard according to one of the items 1 to 10, characterized in that in wood-veneered planks for surface treatment transparent, flame-retardant one-component paints are used.