DD237255A1 - METHOD FOR THE MICROBIAL ENZYMATIC PRODUCTION OF SILAGES FROM ALLIA-RICH GREEN PLANTS - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a process for the production of silages from protein-rich green plants. The invention has for its object to provide a method for the economic production of protein-rich silages. According to the invention, the object is achieved by protein-rich green plants being harvested fresh or wet, chopped into a silo and homogeneously mixed with a proportion of 0.5-2% cerium and an addition of a mixture of nitrite salt and the salt of an organic acid topped up with a whey, covered and stored.

Description

Field of application of the invention

The invention relates to a process for the production of silages from protein-rich green plants, which is useful for the preparation of winter protein feed, preferably on farms with pig production.

Characteristic of the known technical solution

The preservation of green plants is generally carried out by withering and subsequent ensiling. In order to achieve stable silages, the highest possible dry mass of the silage must be achieved. If the plants to be ensiled have too high a protein content, the microbial spoilage of the silage is favored. Therefore, it has already been proposed to add to the silage substances, preferably fprmiate and nitrites, to inhibit the growth of undesirable microorganisms. In some cases, an addition of sucrose to promote the desired microorganism flora. This method has the disadvantage that relatively high amounts of nitrite are introduced into the silo, whereas health aspects speak. The addition of sucrose requires the presence of a sufficiently large number of desired lactic acid-forming microorganisms, otherwise a negative effect is achieved by the promotion of undesired microorganisms. In other processes, urea is used for ensiling selected plants. However, these paths are to be ruled out for protein-rich green plants from the outset, since it would lead to the destruction of the protein.

The disadvantages of the above-mentioned methods led to an attempt to achieve a longer shelf life of the silages by the use of bacterial cultures.

For example, a Streptococcus durans is used.

A disadvantage of this method is that this microorganism finds only very limited or no possibilities for growth and metabolism in Siliergut. Consequently, these silages have only a very limited shelf life.

In further processes, enzyme mixtures on carriers and / or acid-forming microorganisms are used to stabilize the silage.

However, these processes are extremely expensive and uneconomical for use in large silos (s 1 000t).

It is also known that protein-rich green plants can be preserved with formic acid. Here, too, economic factors counteract widespread use in large agricultural enterprises.

In evaluating the state of the art, it should be noted that no method exists to economically preserve protein-rich green plants in bulk silos over a relatively long period of about one year.

However, the effective use of readily available protein feed is called into question.

Object of the invention

The aim of the invention is to provide a durable, high-quality silage from protein-rich green plants, in which negative weather and temperature influences are largely eliminated.

The invention is applicable to farms that require protein rich green plants for animal nutrition throughout the year.

Explanation of the essence of the invention

The invention has for its object to provide a method for the economic production of protein-rich silages on a microbial-enzymatic route.

According to the invention, this object is achieved in that protein-rich green plants are harvested fresh or wet, chopped into a silo and introduced with a proportion of 0.5-2% cereals, preferably crushed barley and an addition of a mixture of nitrite salt and the salt of an organic Acid, optionally mixed uniformly with the addition of one or more further carbohydrate sources and with a whey, preferably Lactobacillus casei and / or Lactobacillus plantarum, poured over, finally covered and stored so until consumption for several months.

The invention has the advantage that silages can be produced from protein-rich green plants stable in high quality, with a temporary storage of green plants in the field is not required and the ensiling can be carried out in shorter times, whereby the efficiency compared to comparable methods is improved.

Further, there is the advantage that the leaking juice can be stored stacked for several weeks and can be included in the Tieremährüng after removal of the nitrite over a long period of time.

embodiment

The invention will be explained using an exemplary embodiment. Freshly chopped red clover from the first cut in front of the bud is compacted in the silo after addition of 1% barley meal, 0.4% calcium formate, 0.1% sodium nitrite and 0.5% sucrose and 3% fresh whey whose bacteriological occupation by Lactobacillus bulgaricus, Streptococcus thermophilus and Lactobacillus casei, oversprayed. After filling the silo, cover with weighted plastic foils. -

Claims (9)

Invention claim: 1. A process for the microbial-enzymatic production of silages, characterized in that protein-rich green plants are harvested fresh or wet, chopped into a silo and introduced with a share of 0.5-2% cereals, preferably crushed barley and an addition of nitrite salt and the salt of an organic acid, optionally with the addition of one or more further carbohydrates, uniformly mixed and with a whey, preferably Lactobacillus casei and / or Lactobacillus plantarum, poured over, finally covered and stored until consumption for several months. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the freshly or wet harvested green plants are ensiled uncultivated. 3. The method according to claim 1 and 2, characterized in that grain is used in proportions less than 0.5% and / or partially or completely malted before adding to the silo. 4. The method according to claim 1 to 3, characterized in that cereals and / or further known per se carbohydrates are added. 5. The method according to claim 1 to 4, characterized in that salts of organic acids in lower concentrations than 1% and / or other stabilizing substances known per se are added. 6. The method according to claim 1 to 5, characterized in that nitrite salt in proportions less than 0.2% and / or other known inhibitors are used. 7. The method according to claim 1 to 6, characterized in that the introduction of the microorganisms takes place in another, known per se, the fermentation of lactic acid bacteria enabling medium. 8. The method according to claim 1 to 7, characterized in that other species, such as the genus Lactobacillus, Streptococcus, Micrococcus, Pediococcus, Leuconostoc be used individually or in combination. 9. The method according to claim 1 to 8, characterized in that other enzymes than the native existing, or obtained by digestion enzymes are added to the Siiiergut.