DD210928A1 - DEVICE FOR DEPRESSING GAS GENERATORS - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a device for deashing of compressed gas generators, which is used in the fixed-bed gasification in the gas industry. While the aim of the invention is to improve the economy of the process by reducing the cost of investing and operating the ash, it is an object of minimizing the mechanical conveyance of the ash. According to the invention a provided with hermetic closures ash sluice below the compressed gas generator equipped with connections for pressurized water and one each loading and expansion line and elements for the level detection. In the ash sluice is secured by a held at a certain height level of liquid that produces an ash slurry, which can be hydraulically gefoerdert. In a countercurrent classifier following the ash sluices, slag parts are separated from the ash slurry and sink into a collection container underneath. The transport of the ash slurry to the main ash chute pipe is realized mainly by the addition of rinsing water into the collecting tank and the countercurrent classifier. On the slag receiving tank, a flushing water connection and a connection of a slag piping are arranged, with the aid of which the slag is spilled into a slag main pipeline.

Description

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Title of the invention

Device for deashing of compressed gas generators

Field of application of the invention

The invention "relates to a device for Druckflülentaschung of compressed gas generators and plants ·

Characteristic of the known technical solutions:

The deashing of compressed gas generators and systems is currently on the elements Aseheschleuse, ash chamber, Krätzerrinne and scraper chain, slag crusher, AschespUlrinne, pump inlet shaft, ash slurry pumps and ash ponds. Within this system, the ash in the ash sluice and the ash chamber is transported in the dry state and from the scraper as ash slurry or ash slurry. By dipping the ash chamber in the water-filled scratching channel, the entry of air into the ash sluice and ash chamber is excluded.

This variety of components requires large investments and due to the high wear of certain elements considerable expenses for maintenance. The main areas of focus for maintenance and repair are the elements of scraper chain, slag crusher, ailerons and ash pumps. The wear of the ash slurry pumps is z. B, so

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great, that for each in-service pump three more needed v / earth, one of which is in reserve and two others to be repaired. In Weierentwicklung the deashing of the compressed gas generators is in the CSSR patent Ur. 124 440 proposed the continuous discharge of ash from a water-filled ash sluice. The stated solution is characterized

- that the cones which are otherwise present above and below the ash sluice are not carried out,

- that a slag breaker is located in the ash sluice immediately below the Aseheeinlauf,

- That the otherwise existing Ent- and covering the ash sluice omitted,

- that the Aseheochleuse is atisgestattet with a pressurized water connection and a water level control,

the ash discharge takes place via a discharge element, which is arranged in a pipe section, into an unpressurised ash flushing trough,

- The ash discharge organ is controlled by the ash residue present in the ash sluice.

The application of the proposed solution results in the elimination of the ash chamber, the scraper and the scraper chain as compared to the present system. The achievable simplification of the EntasChungssystems remains low · Furthermore, there is no technical solution for the arranged inside the sluice slag crusher and a trial of the Austragsorganes is not yet available.

Another, also characterized by the discharge of ash in the wet state solution is set out in WP 116 259. The ash falls from the generator into a container filled with water, which is directly connected to the generator, and thus is under the same pressure. Dar Ascheaustrag carried out by rinsing on a valveless, vertical tube,

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which compensates for the gasification pressure by its height. The main disadvantage of this solution is that technically only small generator pressures can be controlled with the pressure equalization via a vertically arranged pipe. Another solution for the continuous removal of ash from a pressurized water tank is described in OS 250 6161. Under the water tank, which is under the generator pressure and may optionally be realized in the generator lower part, a so-called Aufschwemmvorrichtung is arranged in which a pressure reduction and a constant discharge of a formed by sieve separation Pasche ash-water mixture via a throttle valve. In coarse-grained .Schlacke can be done on a slag breaker comminution, disadvantageous in the proposed solution of. Pressure reduction in the throttle valve. Atmospheric pressure and the associated high level of wear and the complexity and susceptibility of a Aufschwemmvorrichtung »

Furthermore wins increasingly the use of / Ische z. B. in the construction industry in importance. The extraction of usable ash in the building materials industry do not take into account the currently existing ash removal technologies.

Object of the invention

The aim of the invention is to improve the economics of the process of pressure gasification by reducing the investment and operating costs of ash removal and by recovering exploitable assets.

Explanation of the essence of the invention

The invention has for its object to develop a device for deashing of compressed gas generators, which reduces the mechanical promotion of the ashes to a minimum, thereby significantly reducing the wear of the equipment.

The object is achieved in that one each with a closure on the input and output side provided ash sluice a countercurrent classifier and a collecting container for slag are arranged downstream and the ash and slag separation and promotion preferably hydraulically.

The ash sluice is connected to a loading and a discharge line and provided with a connection to a pressure water line. For PUlstand detection and control, beam barriers are arranged at the ash sluice at the level of the minimum and the maximum permissible level. The ash sluice is connected to a countercurrent classifier arranged under the ash sluice via an ash deflector with a closure piece. The countercurrent classifier consists mainly of a header and a separator tube. The ashes coming from the ash sluice project into the head section. By arranged in the center of the head piece ash fel and the .. wall of the circular head piece an annular space is formed, which is provided with a rinse water connection and the departure of an ash slurry pipe. In alignment with the ash-deflecting line, the headpiece is followed by the vertically arranged separating pipe. Below the countercurrent classifier is the coarse slag catcher, with the head of the countercurrent classifier, with the ash effluent before entering: the countercurrent classifier and with the one at the outlet of the countercurrent classifier; connected ash tray line connected. Another rinse water main pipe is connected to the hydraulic removal of coarse slag from the collecting container with the lower part of the collecting container. Opposite this flushing water supply, the connecting piece is arranged for a Schlackerohrleitung which is connected to a slag main pipeline. The collecting container is provided at the bottom with a discharge slide, which creates the possibility of mechanical discharge of the coarse slag in connection with a draining slide also arranged at the bottom for dewatering. Sine am

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Tray mounted radiation barrier serves the Füllst and se! -Fassung in the container and thus in the context of the control of the hydraulic slag transport. Short circuits in the ash flushing system between the flushing water piping and the aschebreileitung and Schlackeverspülsystem between Spülwasserrohrleitung and Schlackerohrleitung serve the flow regulation, the support of the promotion in the pipelines and the purging of the piping elements.

The device according to the invention works as follows:

The discharged from the compressed gas generator hot ash falls through the open breech between the generator and ash sluice in the water of the ash sluice, the water level was previously lowered by means of Bespannungsschutzgases to the minimum height. Minimum and maximum heights are measured using radiation barriers located on the outside of the ash lock and consisting of transmitter and receiver. The dry ash forms ash slurry in the ash sluice together with the water. Shallow the ash slurry to the upper radiation barriers, the shutter is closed to the generator and thus this separated from the ash sluice. After the valve in the string tube has been closed, the pending generator pressure is lowered by opening the low voltage line until the pressure in the ash sluice is 0.1 to 0.2 MPa above the countercurrent classifier pressure. This low pressure difference achieves a bumpless opening of the closure zv / ashchen ash sluice and Gegenstromklassierer. After a final inspection of the closure of the generator and ash sluice by checking the pressure constancy in the sluice, the ash scrubbing system is put into operation. For this purpose, all valves are opened, which allow the technologically required rinsing water flow, which is introduced from the main rinse water pipe into the lower part of the collecting container, passed through the collecting container and the Gegenstromklassierer and finally from the head of the

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Gegenstromklassierers on the ash slurry line in the ash slurry main pipe opens. The closure for discharging the ash slurry from the ash sluice is opened slowly after the ash processing system has been put into operation. The ash slurry discharged by the gas pressure above the liquid level in the ash sluice or by additional addition of pressurized water falls through the head of the countercurrent classifier into the separation pipe, in which the actual classification takes place by the countercurrent rinse water. The separated fine ash is discharged with the countercurrent rinse water and the water of the ash slurry via the ash brine pipe, which is connected to the head of the countercurrent classifier. The annular space in the head of the countercurrent classifier is dimensioned such that the fine ash received by the rinsing water in the separating tube does not fail again. , . ·

The coarse slag sinks down into the collecting container and, when the maximum slag level is reached, is discharged hydraulically via the slag scrubbing system or mechanically via the Schlakkes.chieber. The flushing water piping to the head of the countercurrent classifier is used to adjust the separation grain size by deliberately influencing the flow in the countercurrent classifier. To protect against the breakthrough of raw gas or gasification agent in the Aseheausschleussystem this is covered with a protective gas at each opening of the closure between the generator and ash sluice, the pressure of which is slightly above the generator pressure. When the shutter is open, a flow of inert gas from the ash sluice to the generator is maintained.

The advantages of the solution according to the invention are as follows:

- Significant reduction in the components required for ash removal and the associated maintenance and repair

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as well as the energy demand,

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- Great reduction of the wear of the pumps and their energy requirements by the task of the ashes in the pressure line and higher efficiencies of acted upon with relatively clean water pumps,

-Elimination of the risk of clogging of the ash slurry line by the retention of the coarse slag in Gegenstromklassierer essentially without mechanical installations,

Adjustability of the separation grain size of the countercurrent classifier by means of the deflection-controllable application of rinsing water,

Storage of coarse slag in the collecting vessel without actuation of shut-off devices,

-. Separation of a generator from the system of Druckrülentaschung when decommissioning easily by closing the fittings of the associated lines possible,

hydraulic removal of the coarse slag collected in the collecting tank by means of a separate system,

- possible mechanical emptying of the collecting container in case of faults or the accumulation of coarse slag,

Use of the coarse slag seizure to determine the mode of operation of the generator, in particular the steam / oxygen ratio,

Prevention of the entry of gas into the pressurized rinsing system.

Ausführungebeispiel

The detailed explanation of the invention will be made with reference to the embodiment shown schematically in the accompanying figure.

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The hot dry ash discharged by means of rotary grate from the compressed gas generator 1 drops through the closure piece 5 "arranged between the compressed gas generator 1 and the ash sluice 2 into the water bath of the ash sluice 2 underneath and forms an oil sludge The minimal and the maximum permissible height of the liquid level in the ash sole 2 is measured with radiation barriers 9 and 10 arranged on the ash sluice 2, which consist respectively of sender and receiver from the compressed gas generator in the ash sluice 2 reaches the maximum ash outflow, which is measured by the radiation barrier 10, the closure piece cone 7 is to be closed in the closure piece 5, thereby separating the ash sluice 2 from the compressed gas generator 1. Nach Schlie By opening the expansion valve 14 in the expansion pipe 28, a lowering of the still pending generator pressure in the ash sluice 2 to a pressure 0.1 to 0.2 MPa higher than in the countercurrent classifier 3 flowing through the ash sluice 2 is arranged following a closure piece 6, brought about, to allow later a slight bumpless opening of the closure piece cone 8 in the closure piece 6 at low pressure difference between the pressure chambers. The next step is to check the closure cone 7 between ash sluice 2 and compressed gas generator 1 for leaks by the existing pressure in the ash sluice 2 is checked for constancy over a predetermined period of time. Constant pressure in the ash sluice 2 indicates the tightness of the plug cone 7.

In dense Verschlußstückkegel 7 is in ash ashes by opening the Spülwasserschieber 15 and 16 and the ash slide 23 the Spülwasserfluß in the following order allows: Spülwasserhauptrohrleitung 30, Spülwasserrohrleitung 32, iluf catch container 4, countercurrent classifier 3, Aschebreirohrleitung 42 and Aschebreihauptrohrleitung 40, By selectively opening the Spülwasserschieber 17 to 20 in the parallel to

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Countercurrent classifier 3 switched water pipes 34 to 38, the flow rate of the rinsing water in the separation pipe of the countercurrent classifier 3 can be changed.

After commissioning of the flushing water flow is carried out by slowly opening the closure cone 8 in the closure piece 6, the emptying of the ash slurry from the ash sluice 2 in the countercurrent classifier 3. Until the pressure difference between the ash sluice 2 and the countercurrent classifier 3 is the ash slurry by the gas above the liquid level displaced from the ash sluice 2 in the countercurrent classifier 3. With the subsequent opening of the pressure water valve 12 in the pressurized water pipe 27 is displaced by the fed water of the ash slurry from the ash sluice 2 at a constant height of the liquid level in the countercurrent classifier 3, while the discharge rate of the ash slurry is adjustable by the flow rate of the pressurized water. The discharged ash slurry falls first into the head piece 45 and then into the separation pipe 46 of the countercurrent classifier 3 in which the actual classification of the coarse slag and foreign parts of the finer ash and slag parts takes place in countercurrent to the rinse water. The separated fine light ash is conveyed to the ash slurry piping 42 and the ash slurry main piping 40 with the purge water flowing upward in the countercurrent classifier and the water of the ash slurry.

The Pdngraura 47 in the head 45 of the Gegenstromklassierers 3, which is formed from the protruding into the head piece 4 ash fissure 44 and the wall of the head piece 45 is dimensioned so that when discharging the ash slurry in the transition from the separation pipe 46 into the head piece 45 no failure of fine ash can take place. In contrast, the coarse, heavy slag falls by gravity in countercurrent of the rinse water in the countercurrent classifier 3 down to the collecting container 4, from which it is later removed by the Schlackeverspülsystem.

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Hit closing the pressure water valve 12, the rinsing of .Aschebreis with pressurized water from the ash sluice 2 is completed. By opening the clothing valve 13 in the purging pipeline 29, the water and residues of ash slurry are forced out of the ash sluice 2 into the countercurrent classifier 3 as the liquid level falls by the overpressure of the clothing medium (eg steam or nitrogen). Upon reaching the minimum height of the liquid level in the ash sluice 2, which is measured by the beam barrier 9, the sealing cone 8 in the closure piece 6 and the clothing valve 13 to close. Thereafter, the check of the Verschlußstückkegels 8 on tightness between ash sluice 2 and the Gegenstromklassierer 3 by the existing pressure in the ash sluice 2 is checked for constancy over a predetermined period of time. When the closure plug cone 8 is closed, the covering of the ash sluice 2 with steam or nitrogen up to slightly above the pressure level of the compressed gas generator 1, thus allowing a slight bumpless opening of the closure cone 7 with a small pressure difference between the two pressure chambers , Mach opening the closure piece cone 7 in the closure piece 5, the new deashing of the compressed gas generator 1 in the ash sluice 2.

For safety reasons, during the opening time of; Verschlußfitückkegels 7 in the closure piece 5 the constant flushing of the ash sluice 2 with steam or nitrogen as inert gas required to prevent the ingress of raw gas or gasification agent from the compressed gas generator 1 in the ash sluice 2. The flowing under slight pressure protective gas from the ash sluice 2 displaces in countercurrent, the crude gas or the gasification agent from the closure member 5 and thus forms the gas side a natural barrier between ash sluice 2 and compressed gas generator first .

Make a predetermined rhythm, but at the latest when reaching the maximum height of the slag in the collecting container 4, which is characterized by a radiation consisting of transmitter and receiver

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Barrier 11 is measured, its emptying is required. The emptying of the collecting container 4 is normally carried out hydraulically with the aid of the Schlaekeverspülsystems. Before starting the Schlackeverspülsystems the Spülwasserfluß is in the ash ashes through the collecting container 4 and the Gegenstromklassierer 3 by closing the Spülwasserschiebers 15 and the ash sluice 23 to end. In Schlackeverspülsystem is by opening the Spülwasserschiebers 21 in the 'SpUlwasserrohrleitung 33? which connects the main rinsing water pipe 31 to the lower part of the collecting tank 4, and the Schlakkeschiebers 24 in the Schlackerohrleitung 43, which leads from the lower part of the collecting container 4 to the main slag pipe 41, which allows Spülwasserfluß in the following order. Rinse water main pipe 31, Spülwasserrohrleitung 33, lower part of the collecting container 4, Schlackerohrleitung 43, Schlackehauptrohrleitung 41. By the lower part of the collecting container 4 flowing rinse water, the deposited slag is loosened and discharged through the slag main pipeline 41 to a 3ch Lackeabheheid he. With the closing of the Spülwasserschiebers 21 and the Schlackeschiebers 24 Schlinseeverspülsystem the Spülwasserfluß is terminated. If the separated slag can not be removed hydraulically from the collecting container 4, the flushing water is to be discharged from the collecting container 4 and the slag is discharged via the opened discharge slider 26, which is located at the bottom of the collecting container 4, by opening the evacuation slide 2 5. , By suitable circuits (open / close) the Spülwasserschieber .: to 22 in the Spülwasserrohrleitungen 32 to 39, the ash sluice 23 in the Aschebreirohrleitung 42 and Schlackeachiebers 24 in Schlackerohrleitung 43 of Gegenstromklassierer 3, the collecting container 4 and the said pipes with rinse water be rinsed free and cleaned by the flow direction is partially reversed to the technological intended vice versa.

The closure piece 6 with closure piece cone 8 shown in FIG. 1 can be replaced by a pressure-tight metering device, e.g. a cellular wheel with housing to be replaced without significant technological changes occur.

Claims (3)

243S6 invention claims 1. Device for deashing of compressed gas generators, arranged above and below an ash sluice a Vorschlußorgan and the ash sluice with a loading and. a discharge line and a pressurized water line is provided and to the ash sluice elements for I ¹ UlI-. characterized in that the ash sluice (2) is a countercurrent classifier (3) and subsequent thereto a collecting container (4) are arranged for Schlakke that a Spülwasserhauptrohrleitung (30) via Spülwasserrohrleitungen (34, 32) with Spülwasserschiebern (15, 16) with the lower part of the collecting container (4), via Spülwasserrohrleitungen (34, · 35) with Spülwasserschiebern (15, 18) with a Aschefalleitung (44) between the ash sluice (2) and Gegenstromklassierer (3), via Spülv / asserrohrleitungen (34, 36) with Spülwasserschiebern (15, 19) with the head (45) of the countercurrent classifier (3) and about Spülwasserrohrleitungen (34, 37) with Spülwasserschiebern (15, 19) with an ash brine pipe (42) between the countercurrent classifier (3) and the main ash tube (40 ) is connected, that a further main rinse water pipe (.31) via a Spülwasserrohrleitung (33) with Spülwasserschieber (21) with the lower part of the catch container (4) and the lower part of the collecting container (4) via a Schlackerohrleitung (43) with Schlackeschieber (24) with a Schlakkehauptrohrleitung (41) is connected, that the output of the upper part of the countercurrent classifier (3) via an ash discharge line (42) with a Slag slide (24) with the main ash tube pipe (4Ό) and connected to the collecting container (4) has a beam barrier (11) for level detection 24 35 2. Device according to item 1, characterized in that the collecting container (4) is equipped for coarse slag at its lower part with a drain slide (25) for the rinse water and a discharge slide (26) for the mechanical discharge of the coarse slag. ' 3. A device according to item 1 and 2, characterized in that between the Spülwasserrohrleitung (34) and the Aschebreileitung (42) a Spülwasserrohrleitung (38) with Spülwasserschieber (20) and between Spülwasserrohrieitung (33) and Schlackerohrleitung (43) a Spülwasserrohrleitung (39 ) is arranged with Spülwasserschieber (22). For this a sheet of drawings