DD210297A1 - DEVICE FOR DEPRESSING GAS GENERATORS FOR FIXED BED GASIFICATION - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a device for deashing of compressed gas generators, which are used in the fixed bed pressure gasification in the restaurant. While the aim of the invention is to improve the economics of the process by reducing the investment and operating costs of ash removal, it is an object of the invention to reduce the mechanical conveyance of the ashes to a minimum. According to the invention, an ash sluice provided with hermetic closures below the compressed gas generator with connections for pressurized water and one each loading and expansion line and elements for the level detection is equipped. In the ash sluice is secured by a held at a certain height liquid level that an ash slurry falls from the ash sluice vertically down through a separating head, in which by a grate the large amounts of slag are endured, in an ash slurry line, in the realization of the promotion to the main ash chute a Spülwasserrohrleitung is involved. The slag parts are pressed by a stamp from the grate into a collecting tank for slag, to which a Schlackenverspuelsystem consisting of Spuelwasserleitungen and slag pipes, is connected.

Description

Title of the invention

Apparatus for deashing ron compressed gas generators at Fe beddruckvergasung

Field of application of the invention

The invention relates to a device for Druckspülentaschung of compressed gas generators and systems

Characteristic of the known technical solutions

The de-ashing of compressed gas generators and plants is currently on the elements ash sluice, ash chamber, scraper and scraper chain, slag crusher _t ash rinsing channel, pump inlet shaft ·, ash slurry pump and 'ash puffing lines, * . > Within this system, the ashes in the ash sluice and the ash chamber are extracted in the dry state and from the scraper as ash slurry or ash sludge. By dipping the ash sluice in the water filled sluice, the air enters the ash slate and the ash chamber excluded.

This variety of components requires large investments and due to the high wear of certain elements considerable expenses for maintenance. Main focuses for the maintenance and repair are the elements scraper chain, slag crusher, ash scavenging trench and ash slurry pumps. The wear of the ashtray pumps is z * 3, so great that three more are needed for each pump in operation, of which one is in reserve and two more are repaired.

2ASCR 1932 * 03733'i

In further development of the degeneration of compressed gas generators, CSSR Patent No. 12WfO proposes the continuous discharge of the ash from a water-filled ash sluice *. The stated solution is characterized in that

- that the Xege closures otherwise present above and below the ash sluice are not carried out,

"Β that a slag breaker is located in the ash sluice immediately below the grayling,

- that the otherwise existing 3nt- and covering the ash sluice omitted,. , , , ,

- that the ash sluice is equipped with a pressurized water connection and a water level control,

- the ash discharge takes place via a discharge element, which is arranged in a pipe section, into an ash rinsing trough,

- the. Asckeaustragsorgan through which ash residue existing in the ash sluice is controlled.

The application of the proposed solution, in comparison to the system currently used, results in the sludging of the ash chamber, the scraper and the scraper chain. The achievable simplification, -that.-Sataschungs.sy.stems remains so low. Furthermore, there is still no technical solution for the slag crusher disposed within the ash sluice and a trial of the discharge organ is not yet available. Another solution, also characterized by the discharge of the ash, is shown in WP ii6 259. The ash falls from the generator into a container filled with water, which is directly connected to the generator and thus submerged The main disadvantage of this solution is that pressure equalization via a vertically arranged pipe means that only a small amount of generator pressure is controllable ,

Another solution for the continuous removal of ash from a pressurized water container is described in OS 2506161

described. Under the water tank, which is under the generator pressure and may optionally be realized in the generator lower part, a so-called Aufschwemmvorrichtung is arranged, in which a pressure reduction and a constant discharge of a formed by sieve separation fine ash-water mixture via a throttle valve · In coarse slag can be a slag breaker a crushing done. A disadvantage of the proposed solution, the pressure reduction in the throttle valve to atmospheric pressure and the associated high wear and the complexity and susceptibility of the Aufschwemmvorrichtung ·

Furthermore wins to an increasing extent the use of ash z. B "of importance in the building materials industry" The extraction of ash components that can be used in the building materials industry does not take into account the existing Sn snake technologies ·

Object of the invention

The aim of the invention is to improve the economy of the process of pressure gasification by reducing the investment and operating costs of ash removal and by recovering usable Asch earrt file.

Explanation of the essence of the invention

The invention is based on the object eina apparatus for deashing of compressed gas generators in the Festbettdruekvergasung to. which minimizes the mechanical transport of the ash and thus considerably reduces the wear of the equipment. The object is achieved in that a pressurized, acted upon and provided with a water supply ash sluice a separating head is arranged downstream, and this is connected via an Aschebreirohrleitung with a main ash chute and a connecting piece with a collecting container for coarse slag, and. in that a separation of the coarse slag of ash pulp takes place in the separating head by a solid grid. The ash separable from the gasification reactor by a closure

Sluice is provided with one connection each of a loading and a Ent ** voltage line and a pressure water line. At the ash sluice elements for .Füllstandserfassung are arranged, which serve as an encoder for the level control. Zwischen.Ascheschleuse and arranged vertically below the separating head another pressure-tight closure is arranged. In the separation head, there is a solid grid, which can withstand the coarse slag from the ash slurry flowing in the vertical direction via the separation head and the ash tube pipeline into the main ash chimney. The coarse slag is transported by means of a shear drive via a connecting piece from the grate into a collecting container for coarse slag. For.hydraulic ash removal and for flushing purposes, rinse water pipelines are led from the main ash rinsing pipe to the ash slug main pipe leading from the separation head to the separation head above the slab and to the lower part of the catch tank. Sine further ash slurry pipe is starting from the upper part of the collecting container in the ash slurry pipe between separating head and ash main pipe. .. integrated * The slag scrubbing system consists of a rinsing water pipe, which is connected to the lower part of the coarse slag collecting tank via a rinse water pipe . Compared to this rinse water supply is .Anschlussstutzen for a. Schlackerohrleitung arranged, which is connected to a Schiackehauptrohrleitung. At the collecting tank / ... elements for the detection of maxissai permissible filling or "slag level are attached» For the mechanical discharge of the coarse slag are at the lower part of the collecting container ..eintrags-; Slider for the slag and a Snlezer slide for the pending in the collecting rinse water arranged. In all pipelines the locking and control valves necessary for the safety, the function and the realization of the safety precautions are integrated.

The device according to the invention operates as follows: The hot ash collected from the compressed gas generator falls

through the open breech between generator and ash sluice in the water bath of the ash sluice, the water level was previously lowered with the help of Bespannungsschutzgases to the minimum height. Minimum and maximum height are measured by means of radiation barriers on the outside of the ash sluice, which consist of transmitter and receiver. The dry ash forms ash slurry in the ash sluice together with the water. If the ash slurry reaches the upper radiation barrier, the shutter to the generator is closed, thus separating it from the ash sluice. After the valve has been closed in the covering pipe, the remaining generator pressure is lowered by opening the low-voltage line until the pressure in the ash-sluice has a value of 0.1 to 0.2 MPa above the pressure in the rinsing water-flooded separating head. Due to the low pressure difference, a bumpless opening of the closure between the ash sluice and the countercurrent classifier is achieved, following a tightness test of the closure between the generator and the ash sluice by checking the pressure constancy in the sluice, the ash scrubbing system is put into operation. To this end, all the valves are open, the most technologically erf orderlic.h.6s: SpUlWaS ₁ S strain he allow that runs from the Spülwasserhauptrohrleitung on Spülwasserrohrleitung that Aschebreirohrleitung in the Aschebreihauptrohrleitung, carried ftach commissioning of rinsing water by opening the bottom Closure of the ash sluice emptying the ash slurry into the separating head below. The ash slurry, falls through the separating head in the arranged below the ash slurry pipe and is finally promoted by the rinse water through, the subsequent ash slurry into the Aschebreihauptrohrlaitung. The coarse slag and foreign parts are to avoid blockages in Aschevarspülsystesi the passage of the ashes through the solid rust aushaltan and pressed by the punch of the linear actuator at regular intervals or large slag accumulation on the connecting piece between the separating head and .Auffangbehälter in these. In the rinse water

flooded collecting container sinks the slag down and is promoted on reaching the maximum level through the Schlackeverspülsystem in the main slag main pipeline. For better separation of slag and fine ash countercurrent to the slag moving direction miii rinse water is set by the rinse water supply at the bottom of the collection container in the collection container and in the connector. This loaded with fine ash rinse water also flows through the. Separating head and the Aschebreirohrleitung and at the same time serves to dilute the ash slurry, which can also be introduced for dilution and rinsing additional rinse water above the solid rust in the Trennkopi »After emptying the ash sluice, the closure between ash sluice and separating head is closed and by checking the pressure constant over tested the tightness of the closure for a certain period of time.

Subsequently, the ash sluice is covered with nitrogen or steam until the pressure in the ash sluice is slightly above the ganerator pressure. After opening the closure between the generator and ash sluice is prevented by den.Überdruck and the associated and also constantly maintained.Rinse in the generator a breakthrough of crude gas or gas mixture from the gasification reactor into the ash sluice. The advantages of the solution according to the invention are as follows j

- strong reduction ^ of the components required for ash removal and the associated maintenance and service and energy requirements,

- Great reduction of the wear of the pumps and their energy needs as by the abandonment of the ashes in the pressure line and higher efficiencies of acted upon with relatively clean-rinse water pumps,

- Elemin.ieru.ng the risk of clogging of the ash slurry by the retention of coarse slag

-, Storage of coarse schiacke in the collecting vessel without the operation of shut-off devices

- Separation of a generator from the system rinsing of flushing during shutdown by closing the valves in the associated branch lines,

hydraulic discharge of the slag collected in the collecting tank,

the accumulation of coarse slag can be used to establish the orbit of the generator, in particular the steam / oxygen ratio,

- The entry of gas into the system of Druckspülentaschung is excluded.

embodiment

The detailed explanation of the invention is based on the Ausführungsas schematically illustrated in the figure. The discharged by means of rotating grate from dam compressed gas generator 1 hot, dry ash falls through the closure piece 5 which is arranged between generator 1 and ash slipper 2, with open closure cone 7 ia the water bath The ash level below 2 and forms an Aschebrai..Die liquid level of the 'barrel in the ash sluice?. Was previously lowered by means of Bespannungsschutzgas to a predetermined minimum height. The minimum and the maximum allowable height of the liquid level are measured by two attached to the ash sluice 2 beam barriers 12 and 13, each consisting of a transmitter and a receiver. , Which is measured by the radiation sensor 13 1st accomplished by discharge of the ash from the pressure gas generator 1 in the ash sluice 2 Aschebreistand the maximum, so 7 is to close the closure member 5 represents stopper cone. As a result, the ash sluice 2 is separated from the compressed gas generator 1 After closing the stringing valve 16 in the tensioning pipeline 31, a lowering of the still pending generator pressure in the ash sluice 2 to 0.1 to 0.2 by opening the tensioning valve 17 in the satellite tensioning line 30 MPa higher pressure than in the rinsing water flooded separating head 3 brought about, to later sin a gentle bumpless opening of the Verschlußstückkeeels 8 im

 - ö - *

To allow breech β at low pressure difference between the Druckräusen.

The next step is to test the closure cone 7 for tightness between ash sluice 2 and compressed gas generator 1, in which the existing pressure in the ash sluice 2 is checked for constant pressure over a given period of time. "Constant pressure in the ash sluice 2 shows the tightness of the closure cone. on, with tight breech cone? is made possible in the grayling system by opening the Spülwasserschieber 18 and 19 and the ash sluice 23 and 24 · the Spülwasseriluß in the following order: Spül1wasserhauptrohrleitung 32, Spülwasserrohrieitung 34 ·, Aschebreirohrleitung 4-1 and Asschebreihauptrohrleitung 38.

After Inbetriabnähme the flushing water flow is carried out by slowly opening the closure cone 8 in the closure piece β the emptying of the ash slurry from the ash sluice 2 in the underlying separation head 3- To compensate for the pressure difference between the ash sluice 2 and the separation head 3 of the ash slurry by means of the gas above of the liquid sludge from the ash sluice 2 is displaced into the separating head 3, with the subsequent opening of the pressure-water channel 15 iß ^ s? Pressurized water pipe 29 is displaced by the fed water of the ash slurry from the ash sluice 2 at the same height of the liquid level in the separation head 3, while the discharge of the Asehebreis by the flow rate of pressurized water is adjustable »The out / carried ash slurry falls first in the separation head 3 Is the retention of coarse slag and foreign parts of the finer ash and Schlacketaiien done by the horizontally built-in host 9 to prevent clogging of the subsequent Aebrae Braunleitung 4-0 and 41. The separated fine ash slurry flows out of the separation head 3 into the vertically arranged ash brine pipe A-O and is then taken by rinsing rinse water from the main rinse water pipe 32 and rinse water pipe 34 and conveyed through the ash slurry pipe 4-1 into the main ash slurry pipe 38.

For better drainage of the ash slurry from the separation head 3 can by adding the Spülwasserschiebers 22 in the Spülwasserrohrlaitung 37 »the aai shell of the separation head 3 is integrated over the grate 9, additional rinse water to be fed for dilution. The arranged on the separation head 3 thrust actuator 10 is used to eliminate the deposits coarse slag on the fixed grid 9 to prevent its clogging · The deposited slag on the fixed rest 9 is generated by the linear actuator 10 generated by the linear actuator movement of the punch 11 via a short connector ¥ τ in pressed the collecting container 4, where it sinks by gravity in the rinse water. Later, the slag is required by the slag flushing system from the catch tank. The commissioning of the thrust actuator 10 takes place mainly in case of disturbances during emptying of the ash sluice 2, which are signaled after the expiration of the intended discharge times of the beam barriers 12 and 13, or preventively after each completed ash removal phase to eliminate any Schiackeablagerungen. The plunger 11 of the linear actuator 10 can be equipped with a Rainigungskopf sain, which engages between the grate bars and mechanically cleans the slots of the Pestrostes 9 during the lifting movement. In order to promote only possible coarse slag pieces without ash from the separating head 3 and the collecting container 4, a countercurrent of the rinsing water to the conveying direction of the slag is opened by opening the rinsing water slider 20 in the flushing water pipe y6, which is integrated into the lower part of the collecting container 4 set in the connecting piece 44 and the collecting container 4, the ash in the separation head 3 rinses back. To request remnants of entrained ash from the collecting container 4, the rinsing process can be continued even after emptying the ash sluice 2. With closing of the pressure water valve 15 in the Druckwasserlaitung 29, the rinsing of the ash slurry with pressurized water from the ash sluice 2 is completed. By opening the covering valve 1o in the covering pipe line 31, the water and the catch of the ash slurry can be removed from the ashes by the overpressure of the medium (eg 3. steam or nitrogen) with decreasing liquid level.

sluice 2 pressed into the separation head 3. Upon reaching the minimum height of the liquid level in the ash sluice 2, which is measured by the Strahlenschranka 12, the sealing cone 8 in the closing piece β to close «Thereafter, the examination is the Varschlußstückgegeis 8 ztvischen ash slipper 2 and separating head 3 for leaks, in which the existing pressure is checked in the ash slip 2 to constant pressure over a predetermined period of time. In dense Verschlußstückkegel 8 takes place by opening the clothing valve 1o the covering of the ash sheath 2 with steam or nitrogen to slightly above the Drucknivaau the compressed gas generator, thus a slight bumpless opening of the Verschlußstückkegels 7 is made possible at low pressure difference between the two pressure chambers. Hach opening of the Verschlußstückkegsls 7 in Verschieußstück 5 is the renewed erasure of the Druckgasganerators 1 in the ash Schieusa For technical reasons, during the opening time of Verschieußstückgegeis 7 in the closure piece 5, the constant flushing of Aschaschla.use with steam or nitrogen as Schutzga's; required to prevent the ingress of gasification agent from dsm pressure gas generator 1 in the ash silt 2. The protective gas flowing out of the ash chamber 2 under a slight overpressure displaces the gasification agent from the Verschiußstück 5 in countercurrent flow and thus forms a natural barrier between Ascheschlausa 2 and compressed gas generator 1. After a given rhythm, but at the latest when reaching the maximum height of the Slag in dam collecting container 4, which is measured by an arranged on the collecting container and consisting of transmitter and .Empfänger radiation barrier 14 ·, its emptying is required. The emptying of the collecting container 4 is carried out in the ITormaifall hydraulically using the Schiacka-Yerspülsystaas. Before starting the Schlackaverspülsystams the Spülwasserflüß in the ash scouring system by dia Spülwasserleitung.34- and the Aschabreirohrieitung 41 by closing the Spülwasserschiebers 18 and the Aschebreischiabers 24 to end. In Schlackaverspülsystam by flushing the SpülwasserSiebs 21 in the purge water 35 between Spülv / assarheuptrohr-

line 33 and lower part of the collecting container 4 and the slag valve 26 in the SchJa ckerohrleitung 4-3 between the lower part of the collecting container 4 · and Schlackehauptrohrleitung 39 the Spülwasserfluß in the following order allows: Rinse water main pipe 33 »Spülwasserrohrlaitung 35» lower part of the collecting container 4-, Schlackerohrleitung 4- 3 tind slag main pipeline 39. Rinsing water flowing through the lower part is loosened up into the collecting container 4, the deposited slag and then discharged through the slag main pipeline to a slag separator. When you close the flushing water slider 21 and the Schlackeschiaber.26 the Spülwasserflaß is finished in the Schiackeverspülsystem. If the separated slag can not be hydraulically demanded from the collecting container 4, the flushing water is to be discharged from the collecting container by opening the Sntleerungs slider 27 and the slag is discharged via the opened discharge slider 28 which is arranged at the bottom of the collecting container 4-. By suitable circuits (open / close) of the flushing water slide. to 22 in the Spülwasserrchrleitungen 34- to 37> the ash, Breischieber 23 to 25 iB. the Aschebreirohr pipes 4-1. and 4-2 and the slag slide 26 in dar. Schiackerohrleitung, 4-3 the separating head 3, the connecting piece 44, the collecting container 4 · and the said pipes can be flushed or cleaned with rinse water. During the flushing process, the flushing water flow can in part also be reversed to the technologically provided flow direction.

The closure member shown in the figure; 6 with the closure piece cone 8 can by a pressure-tight metering device, for. 3 »replaced a cellular wheel with housing, without significant technological changes occur.

Claims (3)

Srfindungsansprüche 1. A device for deashing of compressed gas generators in the fixed-bed pressure gasification, above and below an ash sluice arranged a closure member and the ash sluice is provided with a 3e and an expansion line and a Druckwasserlaitung and AnAder ash sluice element for drop level detection are arranged, characterized in that the lower Closure piece (β) downstream of a separating head (3) and in the separating head (3) a solid grid (9) is arranged horizontally, that. at the level of the grate (9) on the separating head (3) sin shear drive (10) with a over the solid grid (9) reaching punch (11) and a connection of a connecting piece, (44-) to a collecting container (A-) are arranged, that a rinsing water main pipe (32) via flushing water piping (34 · »37) with rinsing water slide (18, 22) with. the upper part of the separating head (3) via flushing water pipelines (3A, 3) with flushing water valves (18, 20) with the lower part of the collecting container (4) and the flushing water pipe (34) with the flushing water valves (18, 19) aii An ash-removal pipe (Vi) is connected to the ash-stripping prisms (23, 24-) so that an ash-brine pipe (40) leaving the trenching head (3) is also connected to the ash-brine pipe (4-1) _t connected to the main ash-pipe outlet (38) , that a further rinse water main pipe (33) via Spülwasserrohrleitung (35) with Spülwasserschieber (21) with the lower part of Aufxangbe- container (4-) and the lower part of the collecting container (4-) via a Schlackerohrleitung (4-3 ) is connected to a slag main pipeline (39) with slag scraper (26). 2. Device according to item 1, characterized in that a further ash slurry pipe (4-2) with ash slide (25) connects the upper part of the collecting container (4 ·) with the Aschebreirohrleitung (4-1) · « 3 · Device according to items 1 and 2, characterized in that the collecting container (4-) is provided at its lower part with a Sntleerungsschieber (27) and a Austragsschieber (28). For this 1 sheet drawings