DD146556A1 - HIGH-WEAR-RESISTANT PARTS, ESPECIALLY FOR MIXING AND GRINDING AGGREGATES AND METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION THEREOF - Google Patents

HIGH-WEAR-RESISTANT PARTS, ESPECIALLY FOR MIXING AND GRINDING AGGREGATES AND METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION THEREOF Download PDF

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Publication number
DD146556A1
DD146556A1 DD21562479A DD21562479A DD146556A1 DD 146556 A1 DD146556 A1 DD 146556A1 DD 21562479 A DD21562479 A DD 21562479A DD 21562479 A DD21562479 A DD 21562479A DD 146556 A1 DD146556 A1 DD 146556A1
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DD
German Democratic Republic
Prior art keywords
titanium
wear
parts
resistant parts
nitrogen
Prior art date
Application number
DD21562479A
Other languages
German (de)
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DD146556B1 (en
Inventor
Wilm Heinrich
Lothar Illgen
Werner Fiedler
Peter Mueller
Manfred Naumann
Dieter Buehling
Karlheinz Rodegast
Original Assignee
Wilm Heinrich
Lothar Illgen
Werner Fiedler
Peter Mueller
Manfred Naumann
Dieter Buehling
Karlheinz Rodegast
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
Application filed by Wilm Heinrich, Lothar Illgen, Werner Fiedler, Peter Mueller, Manfred Naumann, Dieter Buehling, Karlheinz Rodegast filed Critical Wilm Heinrich
Priority to DD21562479A priority Critical patent/DD146556B1/en
Priority to DE19803028023 priority patent/DE3028023C2/en
Priority to CS563880A priority patent/CS235919B1/en
Priority to FR8018538A priority patent/FR2465788A1/en
Priority to HU222080A priority patent/HU190775B/en
Priority to JP12940480A priority patent/JPS5653754A/en
Priority to YU240580A priority patent/YU240580A/en
Priority to JP12940580A priority patent/JPS5653756A/en
Priority to JP12940680A priority patent/JPS5653757A/en
Publication of DD146556A1 publication Critical patent/DD146556A1/en
Publication of DD146556B1 publication Critical patent/DD146556B1/en

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B3/00—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor
    • B28B3/003—Pressing by means acting upon the material via flexible mould wall parts, e.g. by means of inflatable cores, isostatic presses
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
    • C23C8/06—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases
    • C23C8/08—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases only one element being applied
    • C23C8/10—Oxidising
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
    • C23C8/06—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases
    • C23C8/08—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases only one element being applied
    • C23C8/24—Nitriding
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
    • C23C8/06—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases
    • C23C8/28—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases more than one element being applied in one step

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Crushing And Grinding (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Oxide Ceramics (AREA)
  • Solid-Phase Diffusion Into Metallic Material Surfaces (AREA)
  • Other Surface Treatments For Metallic Materials (AREA)
  • Physical Vapour Deposition (AREA)
  • Chemical Vapour Deposition (AREA)
  • Tires In General (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Power Steering Mechanism (AREA)

Abstract

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf Keramikindustrie, Metallurgie und Maschinenbau. Ziel der Erfindung ist die Verlaengerung der Einsatzdauer verschleissbeanspruchter Teile sowie bei Mahlprozessen in der Keramikindustrie und Metallurgie die weitgehende Vermeidung schaedlicher Zumahlungen und Herabsetzung der Mahldauer. Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, Teile mit Oberflaechen hoher Abriebfestigkeit unter Beibehaltung der Eigenschaften des Grundkoerpers anzugeben. Die Aufgabe wird dadurch geloest, dass die Teile aus einem Grundkoerper, versehen mit einer Oberflaechenschicht aus Titan oder einer Titan-Basis-Legierung bestehen, die mit Sauerstoff und Stickstoff in geloester Form legiert ist. Hergestellt werden die Teile durch Ueberziehen mit Titan oder einer Titan-Basis-Legierung und Gluehbehandlung in einer Atmosphaere mit geringen Sauerstoff- und Stickstoffgehalten. Moegliche Anwendungsgebiete der Erfindung sind verschleissfeste Teile in Maschinen und Vorrichtungen, beispielsweise Mahlkoerper Kolben und Zylinder in Pumpen, Fadenfuehrer.The invention relates to the ceramic industry, metallurgy and mechanical engineering. The aim of the invention is the extension of the service life of parts subject to wear as well as grinding processes in the ceramics industry and metallurgy, the extensive avoidance of damaging payments and reduction of grinding time. The invention has for its object to provide parts with high abrasion resistance surfaces while retaining the properties of the basic body. The object is achieved in that the parts of a basic body, provided with a surface layer of titanium or a titanium-based alloy, which is alloyed with oxygen and nitrogen in geloester form. The parts are manufactured by coating with titanium or a titanium-based alloy and annealing treatment in an atmosphere with low oxygen and nitrogen contents. Possible fields of application of the invention are wear-resistant parts in machines and devices, for example grinding bodies, pistons and cylinders in pumps, thread guides.

Description

-A--A-

Hochverschleißfeste Teile, insbesondere für Misch- und Mahlaggregate und Verfahren zu ihrer HerstellungHighly wear-resistant parts, in particular for mixing and grinding units and methods for their production

Anwendungsgebiet der ErfindungField of application of the invention

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf Keramikindustrie, Metallurgie und Maschinenbau. Objekte, in denen ihre Anwendung möglich und zweckmäßig ist, sind verschleißfeste Teile in Maschinen und Vorrichtungen, insbesondere Misch- und Mahlaggregate. Die Anwendung kann auch unter korrosiven Bedingungen erfolgen.The invention relates to the ceramic industry, metallurgy and mechanical engineering. Objects in which their application is possible and expedient are wear-resistant parts in machines and devices, in particular mixing and grinding units. The application can also be carried out under corrosive conditions.

Charakteristik der bekannten technischen LösungenCharacteristic of the known technical solutions

Bekannt sind Mahlkörper und Mahltrommeln aus Hartmetall, Stahl, Porzellan, Flintsteinen, Achat, Plasten und Titanmetall. Sie gewährleisten durch ihren Abrieb keine verunreinigungsarme Aufbereitung des Mahlgutes, besitzen nur eine geringe Mahlwirkung und/oder sind durch aufwendige Herstellung teuer.Known grinding media and grinding drums made of carbide, steel, porcelain, flint stones, agate, plastics and titanium metal. They ensure by their abrasion no low-contamination treatment of the ground material, have only a small grinding action and / or are expensive to manufacture.

Weiterhin sind bereits Mahlkugeln aus einem Werkstoff auf der Basis von Titan und Sauerstoff aus bis zu 97 Gew.-% TiOp und einem als Plastifikator und Bindemittel wirkenden Stoff, beispielsweise Bentonit oder Zelluloseäther, bekannt (A. Palatzky, Techn, Keramik, VEB Verlag Technik, Berlin 1954). Dieser Werkstoff hat den Mangel, daß wegen der geringen Abriebfestigkeit die daraus hergestellten Teile häufig ausgewechselt werden müssen und Zumahlungen zum Mahlgut die Verarbeitbarkeit des Mahlgutes und die Gebrauchseigenschaften der aus dem Mahlgut hergestellten Gegenstände erheblich herabsetzen,Furthermore, grinding balls are already known from a material based on titanium and oxygen from up to 97 wt .-% TiOp and acting as a plasticizer and binder material, such as bentonite or cellulose ether known (A. Palatzky, Techn, ceramics, VEB Verlag Technik , Berlin 1954). This material has the defect that due to the low abrasion resistance, the parts made therefrom must be replaced frequently and Zumahlungen the regrind significantly reduce the processability of the ground material and the performance characteristics of the articles produced from the millbase,

Mahlkörper aus dem genannten Werkstoff bedingen durch ihre relativ geringe Dichte von etwa 4 gem eine relativ lange Mahldauer. Durch Zusatz von Bleiverbindungen in Höhe von 2 bis 10 Gewichtsprozent zu gepulvertem TiOp ist es gelungen, die Abriebfestigkeit derartiger Mahlkugeln fast zu verdoppeln (DE-PS 1 072 179); der Verschleiß ist aber immer noch relativ hoch und das Auftauchen von Blei in der Zumahlung bringt weitere Probleme.Mahlkörper from said material condition due to their relatively low density of about 4 gem a relatively long grinding time. By adding lead compounds in the amount of 2 to 10 weight percent to powdered TiOp, it has been possible to almost double the abrasion resistance of such grinding balls (DE-PS 1 072 179); but the wear is still relatively high and the emergence of lead in the payment brings further problems.

Ziel der ErfindungObject of the invention

Ziel der Erfindung ist die Verlängerung der Einsatzdauer verschleißbeanspruchter Teile sowie die weitgehende Vermeidung schädlicher Zumahlungen und Herabsetzung der Mahldauer bei Mahlprozessen in der Keramikindustrie und Metallurgie.The aim of the invention is to extend the period of use of wear-stressed parts and to a large extent avoid harmful adulteration and reduce the grinding time in milling processes in the ceramics industry and metallurgy.

Darlegung des Wesens der ErfindungExplanation of the essence of the invention

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, Teile mit Oberflächen hoher Abriebfestigkeit unter Beibehaltung der Eigenschaften des Grundkörpers anzugeben.The invention has for its object to provide parts with surfaces high abrasion resistance while maintaining the properties of the body.

Erfindungsgemäß wird die Aufgabe dadurch gelöst, daß die Teile aus einem Grundkörper, versehen mit einer Oberflächenschicht aus Titan oder einer Ti-Ba3is-Legierung, besbehen, die mit 0,5 15 Atomprozent Sauerstoff und 0,03 - 7,5 Atomprozent Stickstoff in gelöster Form legiert ist. Zweckmäßig ist ein Gehalt von 2-10 Atomprozent Sauerstoff und 1-6 Atomprozent Stickstoff, günstig ein Verhältnis zwischen Sauerstoff und Stickstoff von 2 : 1. Es kann zweckmäßig sein, nicht die gesamte Oberfläche, sondern nur hochbeanspruchte Stellen davon zu legierenAccording to the invention the object is achieved in that the parts of a base body, provided with a surface layer of titanium or a Ti-Ba3is alloy besbehen, with 0.5 15 atomic percent oxygen and 0.03 - 7.5 atomic percent of nitrogen in dissolved Form is alloyed. Suitably, a content of 2-10 atomic percent oxygen and 1-6 atomic percent nitrogen, favorably a ratio between oxygen and nitrogen of 2: 1 It may be appropriate not to alloy the entire surface, but only highly stressed sites thereof

Der Grundkörper, der die erfindungsgemäß zusammengesetzte Schicht trägt, bleibt als Schichtträger in seinen Eigenschaften unbeeinflußt. Zweckmäßigerweise kann der Grundkörper auch aus Titan oder einer Titan-Basis-Legierung bestehen The base body which carries the composite layer according to the invention remains unaffected as a substrate in its properties. Appropriately, the base body may also consist of titanium or a titanium-based alloy

Erfindungsgemäß werden die liochverschleißfesten Teile so hergestellt, daß der Grundkörper mit einer Schicht aus Titan According to the invention, the wear-resistant parts are produced in such a way that the base body is provided with a layer of titanium

oder einer Titan-Basis-Legierung überzogen und im Temperaturbereich von 450 - 1 600 0C 72 Stunde bis 100 Stunden in einer Atmosphäre mit insgesamt 1-50 ppm Sauerstoff und Stickstoff geglüht wird. Bei Grundkörpern aus Titan entfällt das vor dem Glühen erforderliche Überziehen, bei bestimmten Ti-Basis-Legierungen kann es zweckmäßig sein.or a titanium-based alloy and annealed in the temperature range of 450 - 1 600 0 C for 72 hours to 100 hours in an atmosphere with a total of 1-50 ppm oxygen and nitrogen annealed. In the case of titanium basic bodies, the coating required before annealing is no longer necessary, with certain Ti-base alloys it may be expedient.

Ausführungsbeispielembodiment

Als hochverschleißfester Werkstoff für zylindrische Mahlkörper dient Titan mit 6 Atomprozent gelöstem Sauerstoff und 3 Atomprozent gelöstem Stickstoff. Gegenüber bekannten Mahlkörpern auf der Basis von TiOp verlängert sich die Einsatzdauer um das 20-fache und die erforderliche Mahldauer verkürzt sich um etwa 20 %, Gegenüber Kugeln aus Achat wird bei gleicher Verschleißfestigkeit eine Verkürzung der Mahldauer um das 5- bis 8-fache erzielt und der Preis ist erheblich niedriger.As a highly wear-resistant material for cylindrical grinding media titanium is used with 6 atomic percent dissolved oxygen and 3 atomic percent dissolved nitrogen. Compared to known grinding bodies based on TiOp, the service life is increased by 20 times and the required grinding time is reduced by about 20 %, compared to spheres of agate with the same wear resistance shortening the milling time by 5 to 8 times achieved and the price is considerably lower.

Claims (6)

Patentanspruchclaim 1. Hochverschleißfeste Teile, insbesondere für Misch- und Mahlaggregate, gekennzeichnet dadurch, daß sie aus einem Grundkörper, versehen mit einer Oberflächenschicht aus Titan oder einer Ti-Basis-Legierung, bestehen, die mit 0,5 -15 Atomprozent Sauerstoff und 0,03 - 7,5 Atoraprozent Stickstoff in gelöster Form legiert ist.1. Highly wear-resistant parts, in particular for mixing and milling units, characterized in that they consist of a base body provided with a surface layer of titanium or a Ti-based alloy, containing 0.5 to 15 atomic percent oxygen and 0.03 - 7.5 Atoraprozent nitrogen is dissolved in dissolved form. 2. Hochverschleißfeste Teile nach Punkt 1, gekennzeichnet dadurch, daß die Oberfläche mit 2-10 Atomprozent Sauerstoff und 1-6 Atomprozent Stickstoff legiert ist.2. Highly wear-resistant parts according to item 1, characterized in that the surface with 2-10 atomic percent oxygen and 1-6 atomic percent nitrogen is alloyed. 3. Hochverschleißfeste Teile nach Punkt 1 und 2, gekennzeichnet dadurch, daß in der auflegierten Oberfläche zwischen Sauerstoff und Stickstoff ein Verhältnis von 2 : 1 besteht.3. Highly wear-resistant parts according to items 1 and 2, characterized in that in the alloyed surface between oxygen and nitrogen, a ratio of 2: 1. 4. Hochverschleißfeste Teile nach Punkt 1-3, gekennzeichnet dadurch, daß nur bestimmte verschleißbeanspruchte Oberflächenstellen erfindungsgemäß legiert sind.4. Highly wear-resistant parts according to items 1-3, characterized in that only certain wear-prone surface locations are alloyed according to the invention. 5. Hochverschleißfeste Teile nach Punkt 1-4, gekennzeichnet dadurch, daß der Grundkörper aus Titan oder einer Titan-Basis-Legierung besteht.5. Highly wear-resistant parts according to item 1-4, characterized in that the base body made of titanium or a titanium-based alloy. 6. Verfahren zur Herstellung hochverschleißfester Teile, gekennzeichnet dadurch, daß der Grundkörper mit einer Schicht aus Titan oder einer Titan-Basis-Legierung überzogen wird und im Temperaturbereich von 450 - 1 600 0C 1/2 Stunde bis 100 Stunden in einer Atmosphäre mit insgesamt 1 bis 50 ppm Sauerstoff und Stickstoff geglüht wird.6. A process for producing highly wear-resistant parts, characterized in that the basic body with a layer of titanium or a titanium-based alloy is coated and in the temperature range of 450 in - 1600 0 C 1/2 hour to 100 hours in an atmosphere having a total 1 to 50 ppm oxygen and nitrogen is annealed.
DD21562479A 1979-09-19 1979-09-19 HIGH-WEAR-RESISTANT PARTS, ESPECIALLY FOR MIXING AND GRINDING AGGREGATES AND METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION THEREOF DD146556B1 (en)

Priority Applications (9)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DD21562479A DD146556B1 (en) 1979-09-19 1979-09-19 HIGH-WEAR-RESISTANT PARTS, ESPECIALLY FOR MIXING AND GRINDING AGGREGATES AND METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION THEREOF
DE19803028023 DE3028023C2 (en) 1979-09-19 1980-07-24 Highly wear-resistant parts, especially for mixing and grinding units
CS563880A CS235919B1 (en) 1979-09-19 1980-08-14 Wearproof parts
FR8018538A FR2465788A1 (en) 1979-09-19 1980-08-26 Wear resistant components for mixing or milling plant - esp. rollers or balls, which are coated with titanium contg. specific amts. of oxygen and nitrogen
HU222080A HU190775B (en) 1979-09-19 1980-09-11 Wear-resisting details
JP12940480A JPS5653754A (en) 1979-09-19 1980-09-19 Pulverizing method for preparation of special ceramic material sensitive to structure and impurity
YU240580A YU240580A (en) 1979-09-19 1980-09-19 Process for the manufacture of highly wear-resistant pieces
JP12940580A JPS5653756A (en) 1979-09-19 1980-09-19 Manufacture of part having high wearrproof property* particularly* part for mixing and pulverizer
JP12940680A JPS5653757A (en) 1979-09-19 1980-09-19 Manufacture of part having high wearrproof property* particularly* part for mixing and pulverizer

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DD21562479A DD146556B1 (en) 1979-09-19 1979-09-19 HIGH-WEAR-RESISTANT PARTS, ESPECIALLY FOR MIXING AND GRINDING AGGREGATES AND METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION THEREOF

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
DD146556A1 true DD146556A1 (en) 1981-02-18
DD146556B1 DD146556B1 (en) 1982-09-29

Family

ID=5520157

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
DD21562479A DD146556B1 (en) 1979-09-19 1979-09-19 HIGH-WEAR-RESISTANT PARTS, ESPECIALLY FOR MIXING AND GRINDING AGGREGATES AND METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION THEREOF

Country Status (7)

Country Link
JP (3) JPS5653756A (en)
CS (1) CS235919B1 (en)
DD (1) DD146556B1 (en)
DE (1) DE3028023C2 (en)
FR (1) FR2465788A1 (en)
HU (1) HU190775B (en)
YU (1) YU240580A (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0905271A1 (en) * 1996-03-26 1999-03-31 Citizen Watch Co. Ltd. Titanium or titanium alloy member and surface treatment method therefor

Families Citing this family (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2544748A2 (en) * 1981-02-06 1984-10-26 Maschf Augsburg Nuernberg Ag Process for producing a protective oxide layer
JPS59145705A (en) * 1983-02-10 1984-08-21 Toyo Soda Mfg Co Ltd Production of pulverous powder of high purity titanium carbide
JPS6019054A (en) * 1983-07-14 1985-01-31 石原産業株式会社 Crushing of titanium oxide particulate material
JPS6032052A (en) * 1983-08-03 1985-02-19 Toray Ind Inc Electrostatic recording body
US5183594A (en) * 1988-08-29 1993-02-02 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Conductive resin composition containing zinc oxide whiskers having a tetrapod structure
US5171480A (en) * 1988-08-29 1992-12-15 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Electrophotographic photosensitive member containing a conductive layer which comprises a resin and a conductive zinc oxide having a tetrapad structure
CN1333102C (en) 1996-07-18 2007-08-22 西铁城钟表株式会社 Titanium-base decoration member and method for curing the same
JP2002097914A (en) * 2000-07-18 2002-04-05 Fuji Oozx Inc Engine valve made of titanium alloy and method of manufacturing it
TWI404811B (en) * 2009-05-07 2013-08-11 Atomic Energy Council Method of fabricating metal nitrogen oxide thin film structure

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1052243A (en) * 1900-01-01
FR2123207B1 (en) * 1971-01-29 1974-03-22 Pompey Acieries
FR2136037A5 (en) * 1971-04-05 1972-12-22 Metaux Precieux Sa

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0905271A1 (en) * 1996-03-26 1999-03-31 Citizen Watch Co. Ltd. Titanium or titanium alloy member and surface treatment method therefor
EP0905271A4 (en) * 1996-03-26 2001-06-06 Citizen Watch Co Ltd Titanium or titanium alloy member and surface treatment method therefor

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
HU190775B (en) 1986-11-28
DE3028023C2 (en) 1983-06-30
YU240580A (en) 1983-12-31
JPS5653756A (en) 1981-05-13
FR2465788B3 (en) 1982-07-02
FR2465788A1 (en) 1981-03-27
DD146556B1 (en) 1982-09-29
JPS5653757A (en) 1981-05-13
DE3028023A1 (en) 1981-03-26
CS235919B1 (en) 1985-05-15
JPS64101B2 (en) 1989-01-05
JPS5653754A (en) 1981-05-13

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